JP4570119B2 - Tractor - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tractor that performs, for example, farm work or earth work by installing a farm machine or earth work machine.
[0002]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, a traveling crawler type truck does not display a vehicle speed, and driving with a hydraulic continuously variable transmission mechanism changes the traveling speed due to a load and there is no speed reproducibility, so the same speed can be obtained even when the speed change lever is in the same operating position. In other words, the workability is extremely poor for work that needs to maintain substantially the same traveling speed.
[0003]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Accordingly, the present invention further includes an engine (10) and the transmission case (2), and transmitted to the traveling through the left and right planetary reduction mechanism output hydraulic linear transmission mechanism (45) (42) crawler (9), airframe , And the output of the hydraulic turning speed change mechanism (45) is transmitted to the traveling crawler (9) via the left and right planetary speed reduction mechanism (42) to turn the fuselage , A linear input shaft (44) for inputting the output of the hydraulic linear transmission mechanism (45) to the left and right planetary reduction mechanism (42), and a rotational speed detection gear (98) provided on the linear input shaft (44). In the tractor, a universal joint shaft (43) for transmitting the output of the hydraulic linear transmission mechanism (45) to the linear input shaft (44) via the universal joint (88), and an outer housing that includes the universal joint shaft (43). With tube (92) A shaft cover (93) that houses the linear input shaft (44) and a universal joint (88), and a flange (94) on one end side of the shaft cover (93) on the flange portion (95) of the transmission case (2). ) Is fixed to the bolt (96), and the other end side of the shaft cover (93) and the outer cylinder (92) are connected by an elastic cover (97), and the linear input shaft (44) is connected to the spline portion (44a). A universal joint (88) through which the rotation detection gear (98) is fitted to the proximal end side of the spline portion (44a) and the rotation detection gear (98) is mounted at the shaft. The block (99) is fixed to the cover (93), and the sensor mounting plate (101) of the rotation sensor (100) facing the rotation detecting gear (98) is detachably attached to the block (99). Solid One obtained by, but to easily improve the detection accuracy of the vehicle speed by performing the accurate detection of the vehicle speed based on the hydraulic linear transmission mechanism to a rotation detection gear that corresponds to the vehicle speed delivered to the input shaft after subtransmission .
[0004]
[0005]
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 is an external side view of the tractor, FIG. 2 is a side view of the main part, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of the tractor. A front mission case 2 is fixed to the front of a pair of left and right crawler frames 1 in a rectangular tube shape. A left and right drive sprocket 4 is pivotally supported on the left and right axles 3 of the case 2, and a tension roller 6 is provided at a rear portion of the crawler frame 1 via a tension frame 5, and the drive sprocket 4 and tension are connected via an equalizer wheel 7 and an idler 8. A traveling crawler 9 is wound between the rollers 6, and a pair of left and right traveling crawlers 9 are installed.
[0007]
Further, an engine 10 is mounted above the front part between the left and right crawler frames 1, the outside of the engine 10 is covered with a bonnet 11, a rear mission case 12 is provided at the rear part between the left and right crawler frames 1, and a lift arm 13 is provided. A hydraulic lifting cylinder 14, a top link 15 and a lower link 16 are provided in the rear mission case 12, and a farming machine such as a tillage rotary working machine or a plow is mounted on the links 15, 16 so that it can be lifted and removed freely. And so on.
[0008]
A cabin 17 is installed on the rear side of the bonnet 11 and on the upper side of the rear transmission case 12. A handle column 18 and a brake pedal 19 are installed in the front portion of the cabin 17, and the handle column 18 is tiltable. A round steering handle 20 is rotatably attached, and a driver's seat 21 on which an operator sits is installed in the rear portion of the cabin 17, and the main and auxiliary transmission levers 22, 23 and the PTO transmission lever 24 are connected to the driver's seat. 21 is arranged on the side.
[0009]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, a hydraulic transmission case 25 is provided at the front part of the rear transmission case 12, and a hydraulic transmission pump 26 and a motor 27 of a hydraulic continuously variable transmission structure (HST) are installed in the case 25. A pump shaft 28 for driving the pump 26 and an output shaft 29 of the engine 10 are connected to a flywheel 31 and a damper 32 in a flywheel case 30 on the rear side of the engine 10 via a universal joint shaft 33, and the motor 27. The travel transmission output shaft 36 is connected to the motor shaft 34 that is rotated by the sub-transmission gear transmission mechanism 35, and the output shaft 36 is projected in front of the rear transmission case 12. Further, a PTO input shaft 38 is connected to the pump shaft 28 via a PTO clutch 37, a PTO input shaft 38 is provided on substantially the same axis as the pump shaft 28, and the input via the PTO speed change gear transmission mechanism 39 is provided. A PTO output shaft 40 is connected to the shaft 38, the output shaft 40 is projected from the rear of the rear mission case 12, and power is transmitted to the agricultural machine installed at the rear of the machine body.
[0010]
Further, a left and right planetary gear mechanism 42 that forms a forced differential 41 is provided in the front mission case 2, and the travel transmission output shaft 36 is connected to the left and right planetary gear mechanism 42 via a universal joint shaft 43 and a differential input shaft 44. Then, the traveling speed change output of the output shaft 36 is transmitted to the left and right axles 3 via the left and right planetary gear mechanisms 42, and the left and right traveling crawlers 9 are driven in the same direction at substantially the same speed to travel forward or backward. Also, a hydraulic steering case 45 is fixed to the front surface of the front mission case 2, and a hydraulic steering pump 46 and a motor 47 of a hydraulic continuously variable transmission structure (HST) are installed in the case 45 to drive the pump 46. The output shaft 29 of the engine 10 is connected to the shaft 48 via a universal joint shaft 49, and the motor shaft 50 rotated by the motor 47 is connected to the left and right planetary gear mechanism 42 via a left and right reversing bevel gear 51, and the pump 46 Steering output for continuously variable speed by the motor 47 is transmitted to the left and right axles 3 via the left and right planetary gear mechanism 42, and the left and right traveling crawlers 9 are driven in the reverse direction at substantially the same speed to turn left or right. .
[0011]
Further, as shown in FIG. 5, a steering operation output rack case 52 and a closed box type steering and traveling speed change operation case 53 are provided, and the steering handle 20 is connected to a pinion rotating shaft 54 of the rack case 52. The rack moving plate 55 of the rack case 52 is connected to the steering operation shaft 56 on the right side surface of the operation case 53 via a crank arm 57 and connected to the main transmission lever 22 via a link 58, a rod 59, and the like. A speed change operation input shaft 60, a speed change operation output shaft 64 connected to the pump output stepless speed change arm 61 of the speed change case 25 via rods 62, 63, and the pump output stepless speed change of the steering case 45. A steering operation output shaft 67 connected to the arm 65 via a rod 66 or the like is rotatably supported on the operation case 53. The speed change operation input shaft 60 and the steering operation output shaft 67 are coaxially rotatably provided, and the shafts 60, 64, and 67 are protruded from the upper surface of the case 53 and connected to the lever 22 or the arms 61 and 65. .
[0012]
Further, a connecting body 68 that is rotated around the axis by the steering operation shaft 56, and a rocking body 70 that rotates the connecting body 68 around a fulcrum shaft 69 that intersects the operating shaft 56 at a substantially right angle. A speed change operation input rod 71 that connects the rocking body 70 to the speed change operation input shaft 60, a speed change operation output rod 72 that connects the connection body 68 to the speed change operation output shaft 64, and a connection body 68 to the steering operation output shaft 67. A steering operation output rod 73 for connecting the rod 73 to the coupling body 68 on the axis of the fulcrum shaft 69 and connecting the rod 73 to the coupling body 68 on the axis of the fulcrum shaft 69. The gear shift operation output rod 72 is universally connected to the connecting body 68 by being displaced by 90 degrees with respect to the connecting portion of the rod 73 on the circumference of the output shaft 64, the rod 72, and the output shaft 67 and the rod. 3 by connecting at different positions on the axial line of the steering operation shaft 56 constitute a turning speed reducer mechanism 74 of the cone-link.
[0013]
As described above, the forced differential 41 having the left and right planetary gear mechanisms 42 is installed in the front mission case 2 to drive the left and right traveling crawler 9, and the forced differential 41 is connected to the traveling continuously variable transmission pump 26 and the motor 27. The left and right traveling crawler 9 is driven in the same direction and at the same speed by transmitting the straight traveling force, and the turning traveling force is transmitted to the forced differential 41 via the turning hydraulic steering pump 46 and the motor 47. Are driven at the same speed in the opposite direction. Further, the outputs of both the traveling continuously variable transmission pump 26 and the motor 27 and the turning steering pump 46 and the motor 47 are adjusted by the turning deceleration mechanism 74, and the traveling speed is reduced according to the operation amount of the steering handle 20, In addition, the speed difference between the left and right traveling crawlers 9 is continuously changed to shift to the spin-turn operation, and the main transmission lever 22 that outputs and operates the traveling continuously variable transmission pump 26 and the motor 27 is operated in a neutral state. While turning output by the steering wheel 20 is kept off, and when the steering handle 20 is in the straight traveling position, only the traveling continuously variable transmission pump 26 for straight traveling force transmission and the motor 27 are moved back and forth in conjunction with the tilting of the main transmission lever 22. When the main shift lever 22 is in a state other than neutral, both the turning output adjustment and the travel shift are performed by operating the steering handle 20 under the condition that the main shift lever 22 is not neutral.
[0014]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 6, the left and right engine frames 75 are fixed to the lower portions on both sides of the engine 10, the engine frame 75 is extended forward, and the weight 76 and the front bumper 77 are fixed to the front. The intermediate lower surface of the engine frame 75 is bolted to the upper surface of the front mission case 2. In addition, a front cabin base 78 on which the front lower surface of the cabin 17 is detachably mounted and fixed is welded and fixed to the crawler frame 1, and the left and right front cabin bases 78 are bolted to the left and right side surfaces of the flywheel case 30. A rear cabin base 78 on which the rear lower surface of the cabin 17 is detachably mounted is fixed to the rear portion of the crawler frame 1 by welding, and the left and right rear cabin bases 79 are bolted to the left and right side surfaces of the rear mission case 12.
[0015]
The front and rear portions of the left and right pair of upper frames 80 and the left and right pair of lower frames 81 are welded and fixed to the front frame 82 and the rear frame 83 to form a frame frame 84, and the front frame 82 is formed on the rear surface of the flywheel case 30. The rear frame 83 is detachably bolted to the front plate 85 of the rear mission case 12, and the left and right upper frames 80 are substantially flush with the pump shaft 28 and the universal joint shaft 33 on both sides. The horizontal frame 86 is extended in the front-rear direction, with the left and right lower frames 81 extending in the front-rear direction on both sides at substantially the same height as the travel transmission output shaft 36 and the universal joint shaft 43. Is fixed to the lower surface of the lower frame 81 by welding, and a horizontal frame 86 is mounted on the cradle 87 of the left and right crawler frames 1 and is detachably bolted thereto. Back and forth width intermediate is coupled via a horizontal frame 86 to the crawler frame 1 of the arm 81, and configured to achieve such weight and manufacturing cost as well as improving the strength of the airframe structure.
[0016]
As shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, the universal joint shaft 43 and the differential input shaft 44 are connected to each other through a universal joint 88, and front and rear yokes 90 and 91 that are connected to each other through a cross-shaped fitting 89 are connected to the universal joint 88. The other ends of the yokes 90 and 91 are fitted and connected to the spline portions 43 a and 44 a of the joint shaft 43 and the input shaft 44. A flange 92 fixed to one end side of the shaft cover 93 is provided with an outer cylinder 92 that houses the universal joint shaft 43 and a shaft cover 93 that houses the differential input shaft 44 and the universal joint 88. The flange portion 95 of the input shaft 44 is connected and fixed via a bolt 96, and the hand end side of the shaft cover 93 and the outer cylinder 92 are connected by an elastic cover 97, so that each joint shaft 43, joint 88, and input shaft 44 can be connected. It is configured to provide hermetic protection.
[0017]
Further, the rotation detecting gear 98 is fitted to the spline portion 44 a proximal to the yoke 90 of the differential input shaft 44, and the block 99 is welded and fixed to the shaft cover 93 at the gear 98 mounting position. The sensor mounting plate 101 of the rotation sensor 100 to be approached with a constant gap is fixed to the block 99 so as to be detachable via bolts 102, and the rotation sensor 100 detects the rotation of the differential input shaft 44.
[0018]
As shown in FIGS. 10 to 12, a vehicle speed indicator 103 for displaying a vehicle speed and a load state calculated based on rotation detection of the rotation sensor 100 is provided on the instrument panel 104 of the handle column 18. A vehicle speed indicator 103 is detachably fixed via a panel bracket 106 and a screw 107 at a position opposite to the operation lever 105 for performing operations such as a light / direction indicator with a single lever.
[0019]
The panel bracket 106 has a horizontally long fixing portion 106a which is fastened together with the instrument panel 104 together with the fixing attachment plate 109 of the outer shaft 108 of the handle shaft 20a, and a display 103 attachment hole 110 on one end side of the fixing portion 106a. A mounting part 106b, a side cover 111 that is fixed below the mounting part 106b and covers the left outer side of the display unit 103, and a part of the lower edge of the side cover 111 is bent so that the lower part of the display unit 103 is And a cover bent portion 111a for supporting the vehicle, and the vehicle speed indicator 103 is arranged close to the left side of the handle 20 to improve the visibility, and the vehicle speed indicator 103 also moves together with the panel 104 when the handle 20 is tilted. Thus, the vehicle speed can be easily confirmed.
[0020]
As is clear from the above, the rotation of the input shaft 44 input to the differential input shaft 44 after the sub-shift is detected by the rotation sensor 100 via the gear 98 to sense the vehicle speed, and corresponds to the vehicle speed after the sub-shift. It is possible to improve the detection accuracy of the vehicle speed by detecting the equivalent rotation, and to make it easy to attach the gear 98 by effectively using the spline portion 44a of the differential input shaft 44 to which the universal joint shaft 43 is connected. Thus, the number of parts can be reduced and the configuration can be made compact. Further, the rotation sensor 100 can be easily mounted on the shaft cover 93 into which the differential input shaft 44 and the universal joint 88 are inserted, and the maintainability can be improved.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention, as is clear from the above examples, with the engine 10 and the transmission case 2, by transmitting the output of the hydraulic linear transmission mechanism 45 to the traveling crawlers 9 through left and right planetary reduction mechanism 42, the straight running of the vehicle body together is, by transmitting the travel crawler through the output of the hydraulic swing transmission mechanism 45 to the left and right planetary reduction mechanism 42, a configuration structure to pivot the aircraft, the output of the hydraulic linear transmission mechanism 45 In a tractor including a linear input shaft 44 to be input to the left and right planetary reduction mechanism 42 and a rotation speed detection gear 98 provided on the linear input shaft 44 , the output of the hydraulic linear transmission mechanism 45 is linearly transmitted through a universal joint 88. A universal joint shaft 43 that transmits to the input shaft 44, an outer cylinder 92 that houses the universal joint shaft 43, and a shaft cover 93 that houses the linear input shaft 44 and the universal joint 88; The flange 94 of the transmission case 2 is fixed to the flange 94 on one end side of the shaft cover 93 with a bolt 96, and the other end side of the shaft cover 93 and the outer cylinder 92 are connected by an elastic cover 97, so A universal joint 88 is fitted to the input shaft 44 through the spline portion 44a, the rotation detection gear 98 is fitted to the proximal end side of the spline portion 44a, and the shaft cover at the position where the rotation detection gear 98 is attached. Since the block 99 is fixed to 93 and the sensor mounting plate 101 of the rotation sensor 100 to be opposed to the rotation detecting gear 98 is detachably fixed to the block 99 with the bolt 102 , the hydraulic linear transmission mechanism 45 The vehicle speed is detected by accurately detecting the vehicle speed based on the rotation detection of the gear corresponding to the vehicle speed transmitted to the input shaft 44 after the sub-shift. Degrees are those which can easily increase.
[0022]
In addition, the gear 98 can be easily attached using the spline portion 44a for attaching the universal joint 88, and a member for attaching the gear 98 can be omitted to reduce the number of parts, thereby simplifying the structure and reducing the vehicle speed. Can be accurately detected.
[0023]
Further, the rotation sensor 100 can be compactly mounted in the vicinity of the input shaft 44 to improve detection accuracy, and the rotation sensor 100 can be easily mounted on the shaft cover 93 so that maintenance can be easily improved .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a tractor.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory side view of the airframe unit.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory plan view of a body part.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a drive system.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a traveling and steering operation unit.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of an airframe unit.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory plan view of a mission case input unit.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a differential input shaft portion.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a shaft cover part.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory plan view of a steering handle portion.
FIG. 11 is an explanatory side view of the steering handle portion.
FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of a panel bracket portion.
[Explanation of symbols]
9 Traveling crawler 42 Planetary speed reduction mechanism 44 Input shaft 44a Spline portion 45 Straight-forward transmission mechanism 88 Universal joint 93 Shaft cover 98 Gear

Claims (1)

An engine (10) and the transmission case (2), and transmitted to the traveling crawlers (9) through left and right planetary reduction mechanism output hydraulic linear transmission mechanism (45) (42), dissipate straight running airframe The structure is such that the output of the hydraulic turning transmission mechanism (45) is transmitted to the traveling crawler (9) through the left and right planetary reduction mechanism (42) to turn the airframe, In a tractor including a rectilinear input shaft (44) for inputting the output of the mechanism (45) to the left and right planetary deceleration mechanism (42), and a rotation speed detection gear (98) provided on the rectilinear input shaft (44) .
A universal joint shaft (43) that transmits the output of the hydraulic linear transmission mechanism (45) to the linear input shaft (44) via the universal joint (88), and an outer cylinder (92) that houses the universal joint shaft (43) ) And a shaft cover (93) that houses the linear input shaft (44) and the universal joint (88), and a flange portion (95) of the transmission case (2) is provided on one end side of the shaft cover (93). While fixing the flange (94) with the bolt (96), the other end side of the shaft cover (93) and the outer cylinder (92) are connected by the elastic cover (97),
A universal joint (88) is fitted to the rectilinear input shaft (44) via a spline portion (44a), and the rotation detection gear (98) is fitted to the proximal end side of the spline portion (44a). A block (99) is fixed to the shaft cover (93) at the attachment position of the rotation detection gear (98), and a sensor attachment plate (101) of the rotation sensor (100) facing the rotation detection gear (98) is provided. A tractor characterized in that a bolt (102) is detachably fixed to the block (99) .

Images