JP4567650B2 - Acid waste treatment agent - Google Patents

Acid waste treatment agent Download PDF

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JP4567650B2
JP4567650B2 JP2006307486A JP2006307486A JP4567650B2 JP 4567650 B2 JP4567650 B2 JP 4567650B2 JP 2006307486 A JP2006307486 A JP 2006307486A JP 2006307486 A JP2006307486 A JP 2006307486A JP 4567650 B2 JP4567650 B2 JP 4567650B2
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treatment agent
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JP2008119620A (en
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浩士 阿部
剛 清水
克之 杉山
克久 神尾
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Miyoshi Oil and Fat Co Ltd
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本発明は、酸性廃棄物処理剤に関する。   The present invention relates to an acidic waste treatment agent.

工場廃水、ゴミ焼却場で廃棄物を焼却した際や、火力発電所で石炭を燃焼した際に生じる焼却灰や溶融スラグ、ゴミ焼却場や火力発電所等の集塵装置で回収された飛灰、溶融飛灰や石炭灰、鉱山から排出される鉱滓、廃水処理の際に用いられる活性汚泥、汚染された土壌等の固体状廃棄物、或いはゴミ焼却場の排煙等には有害な重金属類が多量に含有されている場合があり、重金属類の廃棄物埋立て処理場からの溶出による環境汚染の虞も指摘されている。このため従来より、廃棄物を放出したり投棄する前に、金属捕集性の官能基を有する金属捕集剤で廃棄物を処理することが提案されている。このような金属捕集剤として鉛、クロム(III)、カドミウム、銅等の重金属に対して特に優れた捕集能を有するジチオカルバミン酸型の金属捕集剤が広く用いられている。近年、廃棄物の種類が多様化し、廃棄物中には塩化水素等の酸性物質が多く含まれている場合があり、このような酸性物質を多く含む廃棄物にジチオカルバミン酸型の金属捕集剤を添加すると、金属捕集剤が分解して有毒な硫化水素ガス、二硫化炭素ガス、硫黄酸化物ガス、アンモニアガスなどを発生する虞がある。このため、酸性物質を多く含む廃棄物の場合、重金属と酸性物質の両方を処理することが必要である。廃ガス中の重金属と酸性物質とを同時に分離するために、反応性水酸化カルシウムを主成分とする乾燥粉末と、チオ硫酸塩等の硫黄含有物質の水溶性塩とからなる浄化剤が提案されている(特許文献1)。また高温になる煙道排ガス中においても、分解による有害ガスの発生がなく耐熱性に優れる重金属固定化剤として、ピペラジン化合物のジチオカルバミン酸塩、消石灰および必要によりセメントからなる処理剤が提案されている(特許文献2)。   Incineration ash and molten slag generated when incineration of waste at factory wastewater and garbage incinerators, or when coal is burned at thermal power plants, fly ash collected by dust collectors such as garbage incinerators and thermal power plants , Heavy metals harmful to molten fly ash and coal ash, slag discharged from mines, activated sludge used in wastewater treatment, solid waste such as contaminated soil, or flue gas from garbage incinerators May be contained in large quantities, and there is a possibility of environmental pollution due to elution of heavy metals from waste landfills. For this reason, it has been conventionally proposed to treat waste with a metal scavenger having a metal scavenging functional group before the waste is discharged or discarded. As such a metal scavenger, a dithiocarbamic acid type metal scavenger having a particularly excellent scavenging ability for heavy metals such as lead, chromium (III), cadmium and copper is widely used. In recent years, the types of waste have diversified, and there are cases where the waste contains a lot of acidic substances such as hydrogen chloride. Dithiocarbamic acid type metal scavengers are included in such waste that contains a lot of acidic substances. If added, the metal scavenger may decompose and generate toxic hydrogen sulfide gas, carbon disulfide gas, sulfur oxide gas, ammonia gas and the like. For this reason, in the case of waste containing a lot of acidic substances, it is necessary to treat both heavy metals and acidic substances. In order to simultaneously separate heavy metals and acidic substances in waste gas, a purifier comprising a dry powder mainly composed of reactive calcium hydroxide and a water-soluble salt of a sulfur-containing substance such as thiosulfate has been proposed. (Patent Document 1). In addition, a treatment agent consisting of a piperazine compound dithiocarbamate, slaked lime, and, if necessary, a cement has been proposed as a heavy metal fixing agent that does not generate harmful gases due to decomposition and has excellent heat resistance even in high-temperature flue exhaust gas. (Patent Document 2).

特開平4−16235号公報JP-A-4-16235 特開2006−124465号公報JP 2006-124465 A

特許文献1記載の浄化剤は、浄化温度0〜400℃において酸又は熱により硫黄含有物質が分解して生成した硫黄と廃ガス中の重金属とを反応させて硫化物を形成し、これを分離することにより廃ガスを浄化するものである。しかし、硫黄含有物質を分解させるため、有毒な硫化水素ガスを発生する虞があるとともに、廃ガス中に銅が存在していれば硫黄とは硫化銅を形成し、この硫化銅はダイオキシン合成触媒としての作用を有するので好ましくない。また、高温で処理すると、硫黄がSO、SOなどの硫黄酸化物となって重金属と反応して硫化物を生成する硫黄の量が不足するので、多量の浄化剤の添加が必要となり、処理コストが高くつくとともに、浄化剤を過剰に添加して硫黄過多になると、水溶性の重金属多硫化物が形成されるため、これらの溶出による環境汚染の虞が生じる等の問題があった。またピペラジン化合物のジチオカルバミン酸塩と消石灰とを混合しただけの特許文献2記載の処理剤は、酸性物質を多く含む廃棄物や高温下など、処理対象物、酸性廃棄物の性状及び処理条件によっては処理剤の安定性、効果及び作業性が必ずしも十分とは言い難かった。本発明は上記問題点に鑑みなされたもので、酸性物質を含む廃棄物中の酸性物質及び重金属を効率良く無害化することのできる酸性廃棄物処理剤を提供する。 The purifying agent described in Patent Document 1 forms a sulfide by reacting sulfur produced by decomposition of a sulfur-containing substance with acid or heat at a purification temperature of 0 to 400 ° C. with heavy metal in waste gas, and separating the sulfide. By doing so, the waste gas is purified. However, in order to decompose sulfur-containing materials, there is a risk of generating toxic hydrogen sulfide gas, and if copper is present in the waste gas, sulfur forms copper sulfide, which is a dioxin synthesis catalyst. Since it has the effect | action as, it is not preferable. Further, when treated at a high temperature, sulfur becomes a sulfur oxide such as SO 2 and SO 3 and reacts with a heavy metal to produce a sulfide, so that a large amount of purifying agent needs to be added, In addition to the high cost of treatment, there is a problem that, when excessive amount of sulfur is added by adding a purifying agent, water-soluble heavy metal polysulfides are formed, which may cause environmental pollution due to elution of these. In addition, the treatment agent described in Patent Document 2 in which the dithiocarbamate salt of the piperazine compound and slaked lime are simply mixed depends on the properties of the treatment object, acidic waste, and the treatment conditions, such as waste containing a lot of acidic substances and high temperatures. It was difficult to say that the stability, effect, and workability of the treatment agent were sufficient. The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides an acidic waste treatment agent that can efficiently detoxify acidic substances and heavy metals in wastes containing acidic substances.

即ち本発明は、
(1)含窒素複素環化合物の窒素にジチオ酸基が結合した金属捕集剤の水溶液によって、酸化カルシウムを消化して得られることを特徴とする酸性廃棄物処理剤、
(2)酸化カルシウム100重量部当たり、金属捕集剤を無水物換算で0.1〜150重量部の割合で反応させてなる上記(1)の酸性廃棄物処理剤、
を要旨とするものである。
That is, the present invention
(1) An acidic waste treatment agent obtained by digesting calcium oxide with an aqueous solution of a metal scavenger in which a dithioic acid group is bonded to nitrogen of a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound,
(2) The acidic waste treatment agent according to (1) above, wherein the metal scavenger is reacted at a ratio of 0.1 to 150 parts by weight in terms of anhydride per 100 parts by weight of calcium oxide.
Is a summary.

本発明の処理剤は、酸性物質を多量に含む廃棄物に添加した場合でも安定で、重金属に対する高い処理能力を発揮するとともに、塩化水素等の有害な酸性物質も効果的に処理することができる。   The treatment agent of the present invention is stable even when added to waste containing a large amount of acidic substances, exhibits a high treatment capacity for heavy metals, and can effectively treat harmful acidic substances such as hydrogen chloride. .

本発明の酸性廃棄物処理剤は、含窒素複素環化合物の窒素にジチオ酸基が結合した金属捕集剤水溶液を用いて酸化カルシウムを消化することにより得られる。含窒素複素環化合物としては、アジリジン;アゼチジン;ピロリジン;2−メチルピロリジン、2−エチルピロリジン、2−プロピルピロリジン、2−イソプロピルピロリジン、2−ブチルピロリジン、2−イソブチルピロリジン、3−メチルピロリジン、3−エチルピロリジン、3−プロピルピロリジン、3−イソプロピルピロリジン、3−ブチルピロリジン、3−イソブチルピロリジン等のモノアルキルピロリジン;2,3−ジメチルピロリジン、2,5−ジメチルピロリジン、2,4−ジエチルピロリジン、2−エチル−3−メチルピロリジン等のジアルキルピロリジン;2,3,4−トリメチルピロリジン、2,3−ジメチル−5−エチルピロリジン等のトリアルキルピロリジン;2,3,4,5−テトラメチルピロリジン、2−エチル−3,4,5−トリメチルピロリジン等のテトラアルキルピロリジン;ピラゾリジン;1−メチルピラゾリジン、1−エチルピラゾリジン、1−プロピルピラゾリジン、1−イソプロピルピラゾリジン、1−ブチルピラゾリジン、1−イソブチルピラゾリジン、3−メチルピラゾリジン、3−エチルピラゾリジン、3−プロピルピラゾリジン、3−イソプロピルピラゾリジン、3−ブチルピラゾリジン、3−イソブチルピラゾリジン、4−メチルピラゾリジン、4−エチルピラゾリジン、4−プロピルピラゾリジン、4−イソプロピルピラゾリジン、4−ブチルピラゾリジン、4−イソブチルピラゾリジン等のモノアルキルピラゾリジン;3,4−ジメチルピラゾリジン、3,5−ジエチルピラゾリジン、2,5−ジプロピルピラゾリジン、3−メチル−5−プロピルピラゾリジン等のジアルキルピラゾリジン;3,4,5−トリメチルピラゾリジン、2,4−ジエチル−5−プロピルピラゾリジン等のトリアルキルピラゾリジン;2,3,4,5−テトラメチルピラゾリジン等のテトラアルキルピラゾリジン;イミダゾリジン;1−メチルイミダゾリジン、1−エチルイミダゾリジン、1−プロピルイミダゾリジン、1−イソプロピルイミダゾリジン、1−ブチルイミダゾリジン、1−イソブチルイミダゾリジン、2−メチルイミダゾリジン、2−エチルイミダゾリジン、2−プロピルイミダゾリジン、2−イソプロピルイミダゾリジン、2−ブチルイミダゾリジン、2−イソブチルイミダゾリジン、4−メチルイミダゾリジン、4−エチルイミダゾリジン、4−プロピルイミダゾリジン、4−イソプロピルイミダゾリジン、4−ブチルイミダゾリジン、4−イソブチルイミダゾリジン等のモノアルキルイミダゾリジン;2,3−ジメチルイミダゾリジン、2,5−ジエチルイミダゾリジン、4,5−ジプロピルイミダゾリジン、1−メチル−4−プロピルイミダゾリジン等のジアルキルイミダゾリジン;2,4,5−トリメチルイミダゾリジン、3,4−ジエチル−5−プロピルイミダゾリジン等のトリアルキルイミダゾリジン;1,2,4,5−テトラメチルイミダゾリジン等のテトラアルキルイミダゾリジン;ピペリジン;2−メチルピペリジン、2−エチルピペリジン、2−プロピルピペリジン、2−イソプロピルピペリジン、2−ブチルピペリジン、2−イソブチルピペリジン、3−メチルピペリジン、3−エチルピペリジン、3−プロピルピペリジン、3−イソプロピルピペリジン、3−ブチルピペリジン、3−イソブチルピペリジン、4−メチルピペリジン、4−エチルピペリジン、4−プロピルピペリジン、4−イソプロピルピペリジン、4−ブチルピペリジン、4−イソブチルピペリジン等のモノアルキルピペリジン;2,3−ジメチルピペリジン、2,5−ジエチルピペリジン、2,4−ジプロピルピペリジン、2−メチル−4−プロピルピペリジン等のジアルキルピペリジン;2,4,6−トリメチルピペリジン、2,4−エチル−6−プロピルピペリジン等のトリアルキルピペリジン;2,3,5,6−テトラメチルピペリジン、2,3,4,6−テトラエチルピペリジン等のテトラアルキルピペリジン;2,3,4,5,6−ペンタメチルピペリジン、2,3,4,5,6−ペンタエチルピペリジン等のペンタアルキルピペリジン;1,2,3,4−テトラヒドロイソキノリン;モルホリン;2−メチルモルホリン、2−エチルモルホリン、2−プロピルモルホリン、2−イソプロピルモルホリン、2−ブチルモルホリン、2−イソブチルモルホリン、3−メチルモルホリン、3−エチルモルホリン、3−プロピルモルホリン、3−イソプロピルモルホリン、3−ブチルモルホリン、3−イソブチルモルホリン等のモノアルキルモルホリン;2,3−ジメチルモルホリン、2,6−ジメチルモルホリン、2,5−ジエチルモルホリン、2−エチル−5−メチルモルホリン等のジアルキルモルホリン;2,3,5−トリメチルモルホリン、6−エチル−2,3−ジメチルモルホリン等のトリアルキルモルホリン;2,3,5,6−テトラエチルモルホリン、2−エチル−3,5,6−トリメチルモルホリン等のテトラアルキルモルホリン;3,4−ジヒドロ−2H−1,4−ベンゾオキサジン;チオモルホリン;2−メチルチオモルホリン、2−エチルチオモルホリン、2−プロピルチオモルホリン、2−イソプロピルチオモルホリン、2−ブチルチオモルホリン、2−イソブチルチオモルホリン、3−メチルチオモルホリン、3−エチルチオモルホリン、3−プロピルチオモルホリン、3−イソプロピルチオモルホリン、3−ブチルチオモルホリン、3−イソブチルチオモルホリン等のモノアルキルチオモルホリン;2,3−ジメチルチオモルホリン、2,6−ジメチルチオモルホリン、2,5−ジエチルチオモルホリン、2,6−ジプロピルチオモルホリン、2−エチル−3−メチルチオモルホリン、2−メチル−6−プロピルチオモルホリン等のジアルキルチオモルホリン;2,3,5−トリメチルチオモルホリン、2,3,6−トリエチルチオモルホリン等のトリアルキルチオモルホリン;2,3,5,6−テトラメチルチオモルホリン、2−エチル−3,5,6−トリメチルチオモルホリン等のテトラアルキルチオモルホリン;ピペラジン;1−メチルピペラジン、1−エチルピペラジン、1−プロピルピペラジン、1−イソプロピルピペラジン、1−ブチルピペラジン、2−メチルピペラジン、2−エチルピペラジン、2−プロピルピペラジン、2−イソプロピルピペラジン、2−ブチルピペラジン、2−イソブチルピペラジン等のモノアルキルピペラジン;2,3−ジメチルピペラジン、2,5−ジメチルピペラジン、2,6−ジメチルピペラジン、2,5−ジエチルピペラジン、1,3−ジエチルピペラジン等のジアルキルピペラジン;2,3,5−トリメチルピペラジン、1,2,5−トリメチルピペラジン、3−ブチル−2,5−ジメチルピペラジン、5−エチル−2,3−ジメチルピペラジン等のトリアルキルピペラジン;2,3,5,6−テトラメチルピペラジン、1,3,5,6−テトラプロピルピペラジン、3−エチル−2,5,6−トリメチルピペラジン等のテトラアルキルピペラジン;ヘキサヒドロピリミジン;ヘキサヒドロピリダジン;ホモピペラジン;1,2−ジアザシクロヘプタン;ヘキサヒドロ−1,3,5−トリアジン;1,4,7−トリアザシクロノナンなどが挙げられる。   The acidic waste treatment agent of the present invention can be obtained by digesting calcium oxide using a metal scavenger aqueous solution in which a dithioic acid group is bonded to nitrogen of a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound. Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds include: aziridine; azetidine; pyrrolidine; 2-methylpyrrolidine, 2-ethylpyrrolidine, 2-propylpyrrolidine, 2-isopropylpyrrolidine, 2-butylpyrrolidine, 2-isobutylpyrrolidine, 3-methylpyrrolidine, 3 A monoalkylpyrrolidine such as ethylpyrrolidine, 3-propylpyrrolidine, 3-isopropylpyrrolidine, 3-butylpyrrolidine, 3-isobutylpyrrolidine; 2,3-dimethylpyrrolidine, 2,5-dimethylpyrrolidine, 2,4-diethylpyrrolidine, Dialkylpyrrolidines such as 2-ethyl-3-methylpyrrolidine; trialkylpyrrolidines such as 2,3,4-trimethylpyrrolidine and 2,3-dimethyl-5-ethylpyrrolidine; 2,3,4,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine; 2-ethyl-3,4, -Tetraalkylpyrrolidines such as trimethylpyrrolidine; pyrazolidine; 1-methylpyrazolidine, 1-ethylpyrazolidine, 1-propylpyrazolidine, 1-isopropylpyrazolidine, 1-butylpyrazolidine, 1-isobutylpyra Zolidine, 3-methylpyrazolidine, 3-ethylpyrazolidine, 3-propylpyrazolidine, 3-isopropylpyrazolidine, 3-butylpyrazolidine, 3-isobutylpyrazolidine, 4-methylpyrazo Monoalkylpyrazolidine such as lysine, 4-ethylpyrazolidine, 4-propylpyrazolidine, 4-isopropylpyrazolidine, 4-butylpyrazolidine, 4-isobutylpyrazolidine; 3,4-dimethylpyrazine Zolidine, 3,5-diethylpyrazolidine, 2,5-dipropylpyrazolidine, 3-methyl-5 Dialkylpyrazolidines such as propylpyrazolidine; trialkylpyrazolidines such as 3,4,5-trimethylpyrazolidine, 2,4-diethyl-5-propylpyrazolidine; 2,3,4,5- Tetraalkylpyrazolidine such as tetramethylpyrazolidine; imidazolidine; 1-methylimidazolidine, 1-ethylimidazolidine, 1-propylimidazolidine, 1-isopropylimidazolidine, 1-butylimidazolidine, 1-isobutylimidazolide Lysine, 2-methylimidazolidine, 2-ethylimidazolidine, 2-propylimidazolidine, 2-isopropylimidazolidine, 2-butylimidazolidine, 2-isobutylimidazolidine, 4-methylimidazolidine, 4-ethylimidazolidine, 4-propylimidazolidine, 4-isopro Monoalkylimidazolidines such as loumidazolidin, 4-butylimidazolidine, 4-isobutylimidazolidine; 2,3-dimethylimidazolidine, 2,5-diethylimidazolidine, 4,5-dipropylimidazolidine, 1-methyl Dialkylimidazolidines such as -4-propylimidazolidine; trialkylimidazolidines such as 2,4,5-trimethylimidazolidine, 3,4-diethyl-5-propylimidazolidine; 1,2,4,5-tetramethyl Tetraalkylimidazolidines such as imidazolidine; piperidine; 2-methylpiperidine, 2-ethylpiperidine, 2-propylpiperidine, 2-isopropylpiperidine, 2-butylpiperidine, 2-isobutylpiperidine, 3-methylpiperidine, 3-ethylpiperidine , 3-propylpiperi Monoalkyl such as gin, 3-isopropylpiperidine, 3-butylpiperidine, 3-isobutylpiperidine, 4-methylpiperidine, 4-ethylpiperidine, 4-propylpiperidine, 4-isopropylpiperidine, 4-butylpiperidine, 4-isobutylpiperidine Piperidine; 2,3-dimethylpiperidine, 2,5-diethylpiperidine, 2,4-dipropylpiperidine, dialkylpiperidines such as 2-methyl-4-propylpiperidine; 2,4,6-trimethylpiperidine, 2,4- Trialkylpiperidines such as ethyl-6-propylpiperidine; Tetraalkylpiperidines such as 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 2,3,4,6-tetraethylpiperidine; 2,3,4,5,6- Pentamethylpiperidine, 2,3,4,5,6-pentaethylpiperidine 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline; morpholine; 2-methylmorpholine, 2-ethylmorpholine, 2-propylmorpholine, 2-isopropylmorpholine, 2-butylmorpholine, 2-isobutylmorpholine, 3- Monoalkylmorpholines such as methylmorpholine, 3-ethylmorpholine, 3-propylmorpholine, 3-isopropylmorpholine, 3-butylmorpholine, 3-isobutylmorpholine; 2,3-dimethylmorpholine, 2,6-dimethylmorpholine, 2,5 Dialkylmorpholines such as diethylmorpholine and 2-ethyl-5-methylmorpholine; trialkylmorpholines such as 2,3,5-trimethylmorpholine and 6-ethyl-2,3-dimethylmorpholine; 2,3,5,6- Tetraethylmorpholine, 2- Tetraalkylmorpholine such as ethyl-3,5,6-trimethylmorpholine; 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazine; thiomorpholine; 2-methylthiomorpholine, 2-ethylthiomorpholine, 2-propylthiomorpholine 2-isopropylthiomorpholine, 2-butylthiomorpholine, 2-isobutylthiomorpholine, 3-methylthiomorpholine, 3-ethylthiomorpholine, 3-propylthiomorpholine, 3-isopropylthiomorpholine, 3-butylthiomorpholine, 3- Monoalkylthiomorpholine such as isobutylthiomorpholine; 2,3-dimethylthiomorpholine, 2,6-dimethylthiomorpholine, 2,5-diethylthiomorpholine, 2,6-dipropylthiomorpholine, 2-ethyl-3-methylthiomorpholine , 2-me Dialkylthiomorpholine such as lu-6-propylthiomorpholine; trialkylthiomorpholine such as 2,3,5-trimethylthiomorpholine, 2,3,6-triethylthiomorpholine; 2,3,5,6-tetramethylthiomorpholine, Tetraalkylthiomorpholine such as 2-ethyl-3,5,6-trimethylthiomorpholine; piperazine; 1-methylpiperazine, 1-ethylpiperazine, 1-propylpiperazine, 1-isopropylpiperazine, 1-butylpiperazine, 2-methylpiperazine Monoalkyl piperazines such as 2-ethylpiperazine, 2-propylpiperazine, 2-isopropylpiperazine, 2-butylpiperazine, 2-isobutylpiperazine; 2,3-dimethylpiperazine, 2,5-dimethylpiperazine, 2,6-dimethyl Piperazine, 2,5 Dialkylpiperazines such as diethylpiperazine and 1,3-diethylpiperazine; 2,3,5-trimethylpiperazine, 1,2,5-trimethylpiperazine, 3-butyl-2,5-dimethylpiperazine, 5-ethyl-2,3 -Trialkylpiperazines such as dimethylpiperazine; tetraalkylpiperazines such as 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpiperazine, 1,3,5,6-tetrapropylpiperazine, 3-ethyl-2,5,6-trimethylpiperazine Hexahydropyrimidine; hexahydropyridazine; homopiperazine; 1,2-diazacycloheptane; hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine; 1,4,7-triazacyclononane.

またピロール;2−メチルピロール、2−エチルピロール、2−プロピルピロール、2−イソプロピルピロール、2−ブチルピロール、2−イソブチルピロール、3−メチルピロール、3−エチルピロール、3−プロピルピロール、3−イソプロピルピロール、3−ブチルピロール、3−イソブチルピロール等のモノアルキルピロール;2,3−ジメチルピロール、2,5−ジエチルピロール、2,4−ジプロピルピロール、2−エチル−4−メチルピロール、2−メチル−3−プロピルピロール等のジアルキルピロール;2,3,4−トリメチルピロール、2,3,5−トリエチルピロール等のトリアルキルピロール;2,3,4,5−テトラメチルピロール、2−エチル−3,4,5−トリメチルピロール等のテトラアルキルピロール;インドール;イミダゾール;2−メチルイミダゾール、2−エチルイミダゾール、2−プロピルイミダゾール、2−イソプロピルイミダゾール、2−ブチルイミダゾール、2−イソブチルイミダゾール、4−メチルイミダゾール、4−エチルイミダゾール、4−プロピルイミダゾール、4−イソプロピルイミダゾール、4−ブチルイミダゾール、4−イソブチルイミダゾール、5−メチルイミダゾール、5−エチルイミダゾール、5−プロピルイミダゾール、5−イソプロピルイミダゾール、5−ブチルイミダゾール、5−イソブチルイミダゾール等のモノアルキルイミダゾール;2,4−ジメチルイミダゾール、2,5−ジエチルイミダゾール、2,4−ジプロピルイミダゾール、2−エチル−4−メチルイミダゾール、2−メチル−5−プロピルイミダゾール等のジアルキルイミダゾール;2,4,5−トリメチルイミダゾール、2,4,5−トリエチルイミダゾール等のトリアルキルイミダゾール;ベンゾイミダゾール;プリン;ピラゾール;3−メチルピラゾール、3−エチルピラゾール、3−プロピルピラゾール、3−イソプロピルピラゾール、3−ブチルピラゾール、3−イソブチルピラゾール、4−メチルピラゾール、4−エチルピラゾール、4−プロピルピラゾール、4−イソプロピルピラゾール、4−ブチルピラゾール、4−イソブチルピラゾール、5−メチルピラゾール、5−エチルピラゾール、5−プロピルピラゾール、5−イソプロピルピラゾール、5−ブチルピラゾール、5−イソブチルピラゾール等のモノアルキルピラゾール、3,4−ジメチルピラゾール、3,5−ジエチルピラゾール、3,4−ジプロピルピラゾール、3−エチル−5−メチルピラゾール等のジアルキルピラゾール;3,4,5−トリメチルピラゾール、3,4,5−トリエチルピラゾール等のトリアルキルピラゾール;1H−インダゾール;1,2,3−トリアゾール、1,2,4−トリアゾール;テトラゾール;などが挙げられるが、特に安定性、反応性や揮発性、臭気、毒性による環境問題などの物性面及び原料調達、コストの面からピペラジン、2−アルキルピペラジン、ジアルキルピペラジン、ホモピペラジンが好ましい。含窒素複素環化合物の窒素の活性水素と置換してジチオ酸基が結合した金属捕集剤は、含窒素複素環化合物と二硫化炭素とを反応させることにより得られる。少なくとも一部が塩型となっているジチオカルバミン酸基を有する金属捕集剤は、含窒素複素環化合物と二硫化炭素との反応をアルカリの存在下で行うか、反応後アルカリと反応させることにより得られる。アルカリとしてはアルカリ金属及びアルカリ土類金属の水酸化物などが挙げられるが、水酸化カリウム、水酸化ナトリウムが好ましい。金属捕集剤は、活性水素を有する窒素が2以上の含窒素複素環化合物の場合には、ジチオ酸基が1個導入されたものでも、2個以上導入されたものでも良い。具体的な金属捕集剤としては、単位あたりの金属捕集能が高く、より高濃度の水溶液を調製することができると共に、乾燥固体化しても二水塩を形成し水分に対して安定であること、並びに耐酸性、耐熱性がより優れ、酸性廃棄物を処理した際の酸による分解や酸中和の際の発熱によって分解して二硫化炭素などの有害ガス発生の虞が一層なく安定した効果が得られ、また仮に酸や熱により一部のジチオ酸基が分解し、含窒素複素環化合物又は含窒素複素環化合物と酸との塩が残留した場合でも、上記した含窒素複素環化合物の物性面、特に揮発性、臭気、毒性等による環境への影響などを考慮するとピペラジン−1,4−ジカルボジチオ酸ジカリウムもしくはジナトリウム、ホモピペラジン−1,5−ジカルボジチオ酸ジカリウムもしくはジナトリウム、2,5−ジメチルピペラジン−1,4−ジチオカルボジチオ酸ジカリウムもしくはジナトリウムが好ましい。   Also pyrrole; 2-methylpyrrole, 2-ethylpyrrole, 2-propylpyrrole, 2-isopropylpyrrole, 2-butylpyrrole, 2-isobutylpyrrole, 3-methylpyrrole, 3-ethylpyrrole, 3-propylpyrrole, 3- Monoalkyl pyrrole such as isopropyl pyrrole, 3-butyl pyrrole, 3-isobutyl pyrrole; 2,3-dimethyl pyrrole, 2,5-diethyl pyrrole, 2,4-dipropyl pyrrole, 2-ethyl-4-methyl pyrrole, 2 -Dialkylpyrrole such as methyl-3-propylpyrrole; Trialkylpyrrole such as 2,3,4-trimethylpyrrole, 2,3,5-triethylpyrrole; 2,3,4,5-tetramethylpyrrole, 2-ethyl Tetraalkylpyrrole such as -3,4,5-trimethylpyrrole; indole; 2-methylimidazole, 2-ethylimidazole, 2-propylimidazole, 2-isopropylimidazole, 2-butylimidazole, 2-isobutylimidazole, 4-methylimidazole, 4-ethylimidazole, 4-propylimidazole, 4-isopropyl Monoalkyl imidazoles such as imidazole, 4-butylimidazole, 4-isobutylimidazole, 5-methylimidazole, 5-ethylimidazole, 5-propylimidazole, 5-isopropylimidazole, 5-butylimidazole, 5-isobutylimidazole; -Dimethylimidazole, 2,5-diethylimidazole, 2,4-dipropylimidazole, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, 2-methyl-5-propylimidazole Dialkyl imidazole; trialkyl imidazole such as 2,4,5-trimethylimidazole, 2,4,5-triethylimidazole; benzimidazole; purine; pyrazole; 3-methylpyrazole, 3-ethylpyrazole, 3-propylpyrazole, 3 -Isopropylpyrazole, 3-butylpyrazole, 3-isobutylpyrazole, 4-methylpyrazole, 4-ethylpyrazole, 4-propylpyrazole, 4-isopropylpyrazole, 4-butylpyrazole, 4-isobutylpyrazole, 5-methylpyrazole, 5 -Monoalkylpyrazoles such as ethylpyrazole, 5-propylpyrazole, 5-isopropylpyrazole, 5-butylpyrazole, 5-isobutylpyrazole, 3,4-dimethylpyrazole, 3,5-diethylpyrazo Dialkylpyrazoles such as 3,4-dipropylpyrazole and 3-ethyl-5-methylpyrazole; trialkylpyrazoles such as 3,4,5-trimethylpyrazole and 3,4,5-triethylpyrazole; 1H-indazole 1,2,3-triazole, 1,2,4-triazole; tetrazole; and the like, but physical properties such as stability, reactivity and volatility, odor, environmental problems due to toxicity, raw material procurement, cost From the viewpoint of the above, piperazine, 2-alkylpiperazine, dialkylpiperazine, and homopiperazine are preferable. The metal scavenger substituted with the active hydrogen of nitrogen of the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound and bonded with the dithioic acid group can be obtained by reacting the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound with carbon disulfide. A metal scavenger having a dithiocarbamic acid group, at least a part of which is in a salt form, can be obtained by reacting a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound with carbon disulfide in the presence of an alkali or by reacting with an alkali after the reaction. can get. Examples of the alkali include alkali metal and alkaline earth metal hydroxides, and potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide are preferable. In the case of a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound having two or more nitrogen atoms having active hydrogen, the metal scavenger may be one into which one dithioic acid group is introduced or two or more. As a specific metal scavenger, the metal scavenging ability per unit is high, and a higher concentration aqueous solution can be prepared. In addition, the acid resistance and heat resistance are better, and there is no further risk of generation of harmful gases such as carbon disulfide due to decomposition by acid during acid waste treatment or heat generation during acid neutralization. Even if some dithioic acid groups are decomposed by acid or heat and a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound or a salt of a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound and an acid remains, the above-mentioned nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring Considering the physical properties of the compound, especially the environmental impact of volatility, odor, toxicity, etc., piperazine-1,4-dicarbodithioate dipotassium or disodium, homopiperazine-1,5-dicarbodithioate dipotassium or Sodium, 2,5-dimethyl-piperazine-1,4-dipotassium or disodium dithiocarbonate dithio acid.

上記金属捕集剤水溶液による酸化カルシウムの消化は、処理対象物、酸性廃棄物の性状にもよるが、通常酸化カルシウム100重量部当たり、金属捕集剤が無水物換算で0.1〜150重量部となるように行うことが好ましく、5〜90重量部で行うことが更に好ましい。金属捕集剤水溶液の濃度は、0.1〜50重量%濃度で行うことが好ましく、特に20〜50重量%濃度で行うことが好ましい。消化反応は一般的な攪拌機付き反応装置や例えば、ニーダー、パウミキサー(以上不二パウダル株式会社製)、パドルミキサー(大塚鉄工株式会社製)、KRCニーダー(栗本鉄工所株式会社製)、万能混合攪拌機(株式会社ダルトン)、PM型混練機(本田鉄工株式会社製)等のスクリュー羽や特殊羽根を用いる攪拌装置や混合装置、一軸式、又は二軸式等の混練機のいずれの方式でも行うことができ、消化温度は金属捕集剤の分解温度未満であることが好ましく、通常20〜150℃であることが好ましい。尚、消化反応中に生成した水酸化カルシウムは水に微溶ではあるが、一部のカルシウムがイオン化し、金属捕集剤のジチオカルバミン酸塩の一部とカルシウムが置換する反応も同時に進行するものと考えられる。   Although the digestion of calcium oxide with the metal scavenger aqueous solution depends on the properties of the object to be treated and the acidic waste, the metal scavenger is usually 0.1 to 150 weight percent in terms of anhydride per 100 parts by weight of calcium oxide. It is preferable to carry out so that it may become a part, and it is still more preferable to carry out by 5-90 weight part. The concentration of the metal scavenger aqueous solution is preferably 0.1 to 50% by weight, and particularly preferably 20 to 50% by weight. Digestion reaction can be performed using a general reaction apparatus with a stirrer, for example, a kneader, a pow mixer (manufactured by Fuji Powdal Co., Ltd.), a paddle mixer (manufactured by Otsuka Iron Works Co., Ltd.), a KRC kneader (manufactured by Kurimoto Iron Works Co., Ltd.), or a universal mixer. It is carried out by any method of a kneader such as a stirrer (Dalton Co., Ltd.), a PM type kneader (made by Honda Iron Works Co., Ltd.), etc. using a screw blade or a special blade, a mixing device, a uniaxial type, or a biaxial type. The digestion temperature is preferably less than the decomposition temperature of the metal scavenger, and is usually preferably 20 to 150 ° C. The calcium hydroxide produced during the digestion reaction is slightly soluble in water, but part of the calcium is ionized, and the reaction of replacing part of the metal scavenger dithiocarbamate with calcium proceeds simultaneously. it is conceivable that.

本発明の酸性廃棄物処理剤は、スラリー状、粒状、粉末状でも使用可能であるが、粉末状であることがより好ましい。乾燥粉末化あるいは造粒するには、消化反応後、熱風乾燥法、ドラム乾燥法、減圧乾燥法、噴射乾燥法などの乾燥粉末化方法や、送風流動造粒装置、回転刃又は羽根を有するミル型破砕造粒装置を用いる方法などが挙げられ、工程温度は20〜200℃であることが好ましい。尚、消化工程及び乾燥粉末化工程について、上記いずれかの攪拌装置や混合装置及び乾燥粉末化法や造粒装置が複合具備された一体型製造装置を用いることもできる。
得られた粉末化酸性廃棄物処理剤は、金属捕集剤と不定形微結晶の水酸化カルシウム凝集体とが相互に付着あるいは複合的に相互分散担持し、粒径、形状が揃っており、加えて金属捕集剤のジチオカルバミン酸塩の一部がカルシウム塩に置換したり、金属捕集剤と水酸化カルシウムの単純混合物では発現しない結晶構造や形態変化が起こり、耐湿性、耐熱性、耐酸性などの環境に対する安定性が向上している。そのため金属捕集剤と水酸化カルシウムの単純混合物に比べ、金属捕集剤由来の臭気が軽減でき、サイロ設備内での処理剤の吸湿、凝集によるブロッキングの虞がなく、加えて処理剤供給使用中に粒径、形状及び密度の不均一から生じるサイロ内での処理剤成分の分布あるいは層形成や、これによる部分的混合比率の変動の虞がなく、結果として処理剤の量及び比率共に安定的に供給ができる。更に金属捕集剤が単独で酸性物質や酸化剤に晒されないため分解及び分解ガスの発生を低減化できるので、多量の処理剤を添加する必要がなく、結果として処理条件の設定制御が容易となり、重金属固定化性能を一定に保つことができると共に、分解ガスの除害や処理廃棄物の最終処分に掛かる費用を含むトータル処理コスト及び処理用の土地、設備、薬剤等の物資、人材労力、動力エネルギーなどを含むトータル使用資源を抑えることができるので、経済性に優れ、資源及び環境の保全に繋がる。
The acidic waste treatment agent of the present invention can be used in a slurry form, a granular form, or a powder form, but more preferably in a powder form. For dry powdering or granulation, after digestion reaction, dry powdering method such as hot air drying method, drum drying method, vacuum drying method, spray drying method, etc., air flow granulating device, mill with rotary blade or blade Examples include a method using a mold crushing granulator, and the process temperature is preferably 20 to 200 ° C. For the digestion process and the dry powdering process, an integrated manufacturing apparatus in which any one of the above-described stirring device, mixing device, dry powdering method, and granulating device is combined may be used.
The resulting powdered acidic waste treatment agent has a metal scavenger and an amorphous microcrystalline calcium hydroxide agglomerate attached to each other or compositely dispersed and supported, with a uniform particle size and shape. In addition, part of the metal scavenger dithiocarbamate is replaced with calcium salt, or crystal structure and shape change that does not occur in a simple mixture of metal scavenger and calcium hydroxide occurs, resulting in moisture resistance, heat resistance, acid resistance The stability to environment such as sex is improved. Therefore, compared with a simple mixture of a metal scavenger and calcium hydroxide, the odor derived from the metal scavenger can be reduced, there is no risk of blocking due to moisture absorption and aggregation of the treatment agent in the silo equipment, and in addition, the treatment agent is used. There is no risk of distribution or layer formation of the processing agent components in the silo resulting from uneven particle size, shape and density, and fluctuations in the partial mixing ratio due to this, and as a result, the amount and ratio of the processing agent are stable. Can be supplied automatically. Furthermore, since the metal scavenger is not exposed to an acidic substance or oxidant alone, the generation of decomposition and decomposition gas can be reduced, so there is no need to add a large amount of processing agent, and as a result, setting control of processing conditions becomes easy. In addition to being able to keep the heavy metal immobilization performance constant, the total processing cost including the costs for detoxification of cracked gas and final disposal of processing waste, materials for processing, land, equipment, chemicals, human resources, Since the total resources used, including motive energy, can be reduced, it is economical and leads to the conservation of resources and the environment.

本発明の酸性廃棄物処理剤は、水銀、カドミウム、鉛、亜鉛、銅などの重金属類、クロム、セレン、砒素、ホウ素、フッ素などのアニオンの形態を有する有害物質および塩酸、硫酸、硝酸、リン酸、スルファミン酸、ギ酸、酢酸、プロピオン酸、クエン酸、リンゴ酸、グルタミン酸、乳酸、イタコン酸、タンニン酸などの酸性物質のいずれかを含むガス状、液状、スラリー状、スラッジ状、固体状のいずれの被汚染物や廃棄物に使用でき、例えば有害物質および酸性物質を含有する、下水;河川;湖沼;温泉水;鉱山排水;岩石排水;土壌、農地等からの浸出水;石炭採掘時に発生する廃棄物に由来する浸出水;産業廃棄物や一般廃棄物を酸で処理した後の排水;メッキ工場、プリント基板工場、写真プリント工場、染色工場、鋼ワイヤ並びにステンレス鋼製造工場、亜鉛ダイキャスト製造工場、病院などの各施設で行われる酸性処理や酸洗工程および設備洗浄により発生する廃液、排水、スラッジ;産業廃棄物や一般廃棄物を酸で処理した後の汚泥;下水汚泥;河川に堆積した底質;乳酸発酵させた生ゴミ堆肥;工場跡地等の土壌;車や家電ゴミの処理時に排出されるダスト;炉中堆積物;炉解体物;医薬品廃棄物;木、紙、繊維、ゴム、プラスチック、ガラス、金属等の一般ゴミやRDF、廃油、重油、石炭、動植物性残渣、動物性固形不要物、糞尿、死骸等の焼却を行う焼却プラントあるいは燃焼を行う燃焼プラントより発生する煤煙、煤塵、燃え殻、排ガスなどの処理に使用することができる。   The acidic waste treatment agent of the present invention includes heavy metals such as mercury, cadmium, lead, zinc and copper, hazardous substances having the form of anions such as chromium, selenium, arsenic, boron and fluorine, and hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphorus Gas, liquid, slurry, sludge, solid containing any acidic substance such as acid, sulfamic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, citric acid, malic acid, glutamic acid, lactic acid, itaconic acid, tannic acid Can be used for any contaminated material and waste, such as sewage, rivers, lakes, hot spring water, mine drainage, rock drainage, leachate from soil, farmland, etc .; Leachate derived from waste to be treated; wastewater after treatment of industrial and general waste with acid; plating factory, printed circuit board factory, photo print factory, dyeing factory, steel wire line Waste liquid, waste water, sludge generated by acid treatment, pickling process and equipment washing at facilities such as stainless steel manufacturing plant, zinc die casting manufacturing plant, hospitals, etc .; after treating industrial waste and general waste with acid Sludge; sewage sludge; sediment deposited in rivers; lactic acid-fermented raw garbage compost; soil from factory ruins; dust emitted during the treatment of automobiles and household appliances; furnace sediment; furnace demolition; Materials: Incineration plant or combustion that incinerates general garbage such as wood, paper, fiber, rubber, plastic, glass, metal, etc., RDF, waste oil, heavy oil, coal, animal and plant residues, animal solid waste, manure, carcasses, etc. It can be used for the treatment of soot, soot, husks, exhaust gas, etc. generated from a combustion plant.

実施例を挙げて本発明を更に詳細に説明する。実施例で用いた酸性廃棄物処理剤は以下の通りである。   The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. The acidic waste treatment agents used in the examples are as follows.

(1)処理剤A(本発明品):酸化カルシウムの消化反応にピペラジン−1,4−ジカルボジチオ酸ジカリウム(PDTK)水溶液を用いて得られた薬剤。
(2)処理剤B(本発明品):酸化カルシウムの消化反応にホモピペラジン−1,5−ジカルボジチオ酸ジカリウム(HPDTK)水溶液を用いて得られた薬剤。
(3)処理剤C(本発明品):酸化カルシウムの消化反応に2,5−ジメチルピペラジン−1,4−ジチオカルボジチオ酸ジカリウム(DMPDTK)水溶液を用いて得られた薬剤。
(4)処理剤D(比較品):水酸化カルシウムと粉末化したピペラジン−1,4−ジカルボジチオ酸ジカリウム(PDTK)を単純混合して得られた薬剤。
(5)処理剤E(比較品):酸化カルシウムの消化反応にチオ硫酸ナトリウム水溶液を用いて得られた薬剤。
(6)処理剤F(比較品):酸化カルシウムの消化反応に四チオン酸カリウム(PTT)スラリーを用いて得られた薬剤。
(1) Treatment agent A (product of the present invention): A drug obtained using an aqueous solution of piperazine-1,4-dicarbodithioate dipotassium (PDTK) for the digestion reaction of calcium oxide.
(2) Treatment agent B (product of the present invention): A drug obtained by using a dipotassium homopiperazine-1,5-dicarbodithioate (HPDTK) aqueous solution for the digestion reaction of calcium oxide.
(3) Treatment agent C (product of the present invention): A drug obtained by using an aqueous solution of dipotassium 2,5-dimethylpiperazine-1,4-dithiocarbodithioate (DMPDTK) for the digestion reaction of calcium oxide.
(4) Treatment agent D (comparative product): Agent obtained by simple mixing of calcium hydroxide and powdered piperazine-1,4-dicarbodithioate dipotassium (PDTK).
(5) Treatment agent E (comparative product): A drug obtained by using a sodium thiosulfate aqueous solution for the digestion reaction of calcium oxide.
(6) Treatment agent F (comparative product): Agent obtained by using potassium tetrathionate (PTT) slurry for the digestion reaction of calcium oxide.

処理剤A(A−1、A−2、A−3)の調製
万能混合攪拌機ミキサーに酸化カルシウム100gを入れ回転数120rpmで撹拌しながら、処理剤A−1はPDTK30%水溶液77.7g、処理剤A−2はPDTK30%水溶液188.6g、処理剤A−3はPDTK50%水溶液264.3gを、発熱反応を80℃に制御しながら徐々に加えた後、30分間混練熟成することにより消化反応を行った。次いで減圧乾燥機を用い60℃で減圧乾燥を行うことにより、酸性廃棄物処理剤を得、各種試験に供した。
Preparation of Treatment Agent A (A-1, A-2, A-3) While adding 100 g of calcium oxide to a universal mixing stirrer mixer and stirring at a rotation speed of 120 rpm, Treatment Agent A-1 was treated with 77.7 g of 30% aqueous solution of PDTK. Agent A-2 is 188.6 g of PDTK 30% aqueous solution and Treatment Agent A-3 is 264.3 g of PDTK 50% aqueous solution, gradually added while controlling the exothermic reaction at 80 ° C., followed by digestion reaction by kneading and aging for 30 minutes. Went. Next, an acidic waste treatment agent was obtained by performing vacuum drying at 60 ° C. using a vacuum dryer, and subjected to various tests.

処理剤Bの調製
HPDTK30%水溶液188.6gを用い、それ以外は処理剤Aの調製と同様な操作で酸性廃棄物処理剤を得、各種試験に供した。
Preparation of treatment agent B Using 188.6 g of 30% aqueous solution of HPDTK, an acidic waste treatment agent was obtained in the same manner as the preparation of treatment agent A, and subjected to various tests.

処理剤Cの調製
DMPDTK50%水溶液264.3gを用い、それ以外は処理剤Aの調製と同様な操作で酸性廃棄物処理剤を得、各種試験に供した。
Preparation of Treatment Agent C An acidic waste treatment agent was obtained in the same manner as in the preparation of Treatment Agent A, except that 264.3 g of DMPDTK 50% aqueous solution was used, and subjected to various tests.

処理剤Dの調製
噴霧乾燥法により粉末化したPDTK(水分1.2%、粒子径30〜100μm)17.9重量部と工業品特号消石灰100重量部との割合で、万能混合攪拌機を用い、回転数120rpm、室温で30分間単純混合し酸性廃棄物処理剤を得、各種試験に供した。
Preparation of Treatment Agent D Using a universal mixing stirrer in a ratio of 17.9 parts by weight of PDTK (water content 1.2%, particle size 30-100 μm) powdered by spray drying and 100 parts by weight of special product slaked lime The acidic waste treatment agent was obtained by simple mixing at 120 rpm for 30 minutes at room temperature and subjected to various tests.

処理剤Eの調製
処理剤Eはチオ硫酸ナトリウム30%水溶液77.7gを用い、それ以外は処理剤Aの調製と同様な操作で酸性廃棄物処理剤を得、各種試験に供した。
Preparation of treatment agent E Treatment agent E used 77.7 g of a 30% aqueous solution of sodium thiosulfate, and otherwise obtained an acid waste treatment agent in the same manner as the preparation of treatment agent A, and was subjected to various tests.

処理剤Fの調製
処理剤FはPTT30%スラリー77.7gを用い、それ以外は処理剤Aの調製と同様な操作で酸性廃棄物処理剤を得、各種試験に供した。
Preparation of treatment agent F Treatment agent F used 77.7 g of 30% PTT slurry, and otherwise obtained an acid waste treatment agent by the same operation as the preparation of treatment agent A, and was used for various tests.

(構造解析)
処理剤A−1、A−2、A−3、Dおよび工業品特号消石灰、粉末PDTKを減圧乾燥法により60℃で3時間乾燥した後、粉末X線回折装置(株式会社リガク、自動X線回折装置RINT−TTR II、使用X線CuKα(1.5406Å)、50kV、300mA、平行ビーム光学系、サンプリング幅0.020°、走査速度3.0°/min、測定回折角範囲2シータ5〜50°)により測定した。解析方法はHanawalt法(強度が強い回折線3点を用いて物質の構造を同定する手法)を用い、工業品特号消石灰、粉末PDTKの測定結果を判断基準とした。結果を表1に示す。尚、表1においてX線の各々の回折線におけるピークの相対強度I(%)(最大ピークの強度を100としたときの相対強度)は、90%以上100%以下のものには強、50%以上90%未満のものは中、50%未満のものには弱、全くピークが観察されなかったものには無として示した。工業品特号消石灰は面間隔4.91Å、3.11Å、2.62Åに、粉末PDTKは、3.11Å、3.09Å、2.69Åにそれぞれ特徴的な回折線のパターンが認められた。単純混合物である比較品の処理剤Dは面間隔4.91Å、3.09Å、2.62Åの主要な回折線パターンで、工業品特号消石灰および粉末PDTKと類似な回折線パターンを示したのに対し、発明品の処理剤A−1、A−2、A−3は3.09Åの回折線が消失し、3.11Å、2.62Å、1.92Åの特徴的な回折線パターンが認められたことから、発明品は処理剤Dのような単純混合では得られない新たな構造をも有することが確認された。
(Structural analysis)
The processing agents A-1, A-2, A-3, D and the special product slaked lime and powder PDTK were dried at 60 ° C. for 3 hours by a reduced pressure drying method, and then powder X-ray diffractometer (Rigaku Corporation, Automatic X Line diffraction device RINT-TTR II, X-ray CuKα (1.5406 mm) used, 50 kV, 300 mA, parallel beam optical system, sampling width 0.020 °, scanning speed 3.0 ° / min, measurement diffraction angle range 2 theta 5 ˜50 °). The analysis method was the Hanawalt method (a method for identifying the structure of a substance using three diffraction lines with high intensity), and the measurement results of the special product slaked lime and powder PDTK were used as judgment criteria. The results are shown in Table 1. In Table 1, the relative intensity I (%) of the peak in each diffraction line of X-rays (relative intensity when the maximum peak intensity is 100) is strong when the intensity is 90% or more and 100% or less. % And less than 90% are shown as weak, those with less than 50% are weak, and those where no peak is observed are indicated as nothing. The special slaked lime for industrial products was found to have a pattern of diffraction lines at surface intervals of 4.91 mm, 3.11 mm, 2.62 mm, and powder PDTK at 3.11 mm, 3.09 mm, 2.69 mm. The comparative treatment agent D, which is a simple mixture, showed a major diffraction line pattern with an interplanar spacing of 4.91 mm, 3.09 mm, and 2.62 mm, and a similar diffraction pattern to that of the industrial special product slaked lime and powdered PDTK. On the other hand, the processing agents A-1, A-2, and A-3 of the invention products disappeared the diffraction line of 3.09 mm, and characteristic diffraction line patterns of 3.11 mm, 2.62 mm, and 1.92 mm were recognized. Therefore, it was confirmed that the product of the invention also has a new structure that cannot be obtained by simple mixing like the treatment agent D.

(表1)

Figure 0004567650
(Table 1)
Figure 0004567650

実施例1
(酸性模擬廃水の処理試験)
鉛6mg/L、銅10mg/L、ニッケル2mg/Lを含む模擬廃水を調製し、硫酸を添加してpH=1.0に調整しこの廃水1リットル当たりに対し、各処理剤を0.05重量%添加した後、静置して生成したフロックを沈降させ、No.5Cのろ紙(保持孔径:1μm)を用い濾過してフロックを分離除去した。フロック除去後の濾液についてpH測定、残存金属濃度をICP発光分析法により測定した。未処理廃水と共に結果を表2に示す。
Example 1
(Acid simulation wastewater treatment test)
A simulated wastewater containing 6 mg / L of lead, 10 mg / L of copper, and 2 mg / L of nickel is prepared, and sulfuric acid is added to adjust to pH = 1.0. After the addition by weight%, the floc formed by standing still was allowed to settle. The floc was separated and removed by filtration using 5C filter paper (holding hole diameter: 1 μm). The filtrate after floc removal was measured for pH and the residual metal concentration was measured by ICP emission spectrometry. The results are shown in Table 2 together with untreated wastewater.

(表2)

Figure 0004567650
(Table 2)
Figure 0004567650

実施例2
(酸性焼却灰の処理試験)
鉛13000mg/kg、ヒ素121mg/kg、カドミウム98mg/kgを含有する焼却灰(ボトムアッシュ)(溶出水のpH=4.8)に対し、各処理剤を10重量%添加し、30℃で10分間混練した。処理後の焼却灰からの金属溶出試験を環境庁告示13号試験法に準じて行った。濾液についてpH測定、溶出金属濃度は原子吸光分析法により測定した。未処理焼却灰と共に結果を表3に示す。
Example 2
(Treatment test of acid incineration ash)
10% by weight of each treatment agent is added to incinerated ash (bottom ash) (pH = 4.8 of elution water) containing 13000 mg / kg of lead, 121 mg / kg of arsenic, 98 mg / kg of cadmium, and 10% at 30 ° C. Kneaded for a minute. The metal elution test from the incinerated ash after the treatment was conducted according to the Environmental Agency Notification No. 13 test method. The pH of the filtrate was measured and the eluted metal concentration was measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. The results are shown in Table 3 together with the untreated incineration ash.

(表3)

Figure 0004567650
(Table 3)
Figure 0004567650

実施例3
(酸性土壌の処理試験)
鉛180mg/kg、フッ素5.7mg/kg(フッ素換算値)、クロム(VI)24mg/kg、セレン83mg/kgを含有する汚染された土壌に対し、各処理剤を1.5重量%添加し、20℃で10分間混練した。処理後の土壌からの金属溶出試験を環境庁告示46号試験に準じて行った。濾液についてpH測定、溶出金属濃度は原子吸光分析法により測定、フッ素イオンはイオンクロマトグラフ法により測定した。未処理土壌と共に結果を表4に示す。
Example 3
(Treatment test of acidic soil)
1.5% by weight of each treatment agent was added to contaminated soil containing 180mg / kg of lead, 5.7mg / kg of fluorine (equivalent value of fluorine), 24mg / kg of chromium (VI), 83mg / kg of selenium. And kneading at 20 ° C. for 10 minutes. The metal elution test from the treated soil was conducted according to the Environmental Agency Notification No. 46 test. The pH of the filtrate was measured, the elution metal concentration was measured by atomic absorption spectrometry, and the fluoride ion was measured by ion chromatography. The results are shown in Table 4 together with the untreated soil.

(表4)

Figure 0004567650

(Table 4)

Figure 0004567650

実施例4
(焼却プラントより発生する煤煙の処理試験)
ゴミ焼却装置でゴミを焼却して発生したダスト0.1g/Nmを含む排煙(排ガス量35000Nm/時間、塩化水素濃度450ml/Nm)を排出する煙道内バグフィルター前(排ガス温度180℃)で、各処理剤をエアーブローによって、15mg/Nmの割合で噴霧して、排煙と処理剤とを接触させた後、バグフィルターを通過させ、バグフィルターを通過した排煙中に含まれる塩化水素濃度をJIS K0107に準じて測定した。また、バグフィルターを通過させ排煙中の煤塵を集塵し、この煤塵(飛灰)中からの鉛、銅、水銀の溶出試験を、環境庁告示13号試験法に準じて行い、溶出金属濃度は原子吸光分析法により測定した。未処理時と共に結果を表5に示す。
尚、処理剤Dは処理剤成分の分布あるいは層形成の為か、処理剤を安定的に供給することができなかった。
Example 4
(Treatment test for smoke generated from incineration plant)
In front of the bug filter in the flue (exhaust gas temperature 180), which discharges smoke containing 0.1 g / Nm 3 of dust generated by incineration of garbage with a garbage incinerator (amount of exhaust gas 35000 Nm 3 / hour, hydrogen chloride concentration 450 ml / Nm 3 ) ℃), each treatment agent is sprayed by air blow at a rate of 15 mg / Nm 3 , and after contacting the flue gas and the treatment agent, it passes through the bag filter and passes through the bag filter. The concentration of hydrogen chloride contained was measured according to JIS K0107. In addition, it passes through the bag filter and collects the dust in the flue gas, and conducts an elution test for lead, copper, and mercury from the soot (fly ash) in accordance with the Environmental Agency Notification No. 13 test method. The concentration was measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. The results are shown in Table 5 together with the untreated time.
The treating agent D could not be stably supplied because of the distribution of the treating agent components or the formation of a layer.

(表5)

Figure 0004567650
(Table 5)
Figure 0004567650

実施例5
(分級確認試験)
実施例4で処理剤A−1、B、C、Dをそれぞれエアーブローによって5時間噴霧した後、処理剤サイロの上部と下部から処理剤の一部を採取し平均粒子径を沈降質量法(JIS Z8822)によって測定した。また、採取した処理剤を実施例4で得られた未処理の煤塵に対して30重量%添加し金属固定化性能を調べた。サイロ上部から採取した処理剤を用いた試験結果は表6に示し、サイロ下部から採取した処理剤を用いた試験結果は表7に示した。
Example 5
(Classification confirmation test)
In Example 4, the treatment agents A-1, B, C, and D were each sprayed by air blow for 5 hours, and then a part of the treatment agent was collected from the upper and lower portions of the treatment agent silo, and the average particle diameter was determined by a sedimentation mass method ( Measured according to JIS Z8822. Further, 30% by weight of the collected treatment agent was added to the untreated soot dust obtained in Example 4, and the metal immobilization performance was examined. The test results using the treatment agent collected from the upper part of the silo are shown in Table 6, and the test results using the treatment agent collected from the lower part of the silo are shown in Table 7.

(表6)

Figure 0004567650
(Table 6)
Figure 0004567650

(表7)

Figure 0004567650
(Table 7)
Figure 0004567650

実施例6
(処理剤分解性の確認試験)
実施例4で得られた酸性の煤塵を密栓した500ml四つ口フラスコに50g仕込み、煤塵に対して各処理剤1.0gを添加した。添加後マントルヒーターで180℃に加熱し15分間十分に攪拌した。撹拌後四つ口フラスコ内の気相部のガス発生の有無をガス検知管(株式会社ガステック製 二硫化炭素はNo.13、二酸化硫黄はNo.5La)にて確認した。結果を表8に示す。
Example 6
(Processing agent decomposability confirmation test)
50 g was charged in a 500 ml four-necked flask sealed with acidic soot obtained in Example 4, and 1.0 g of each treating agent was added to the soot. After the addition, the mixture was heated to 180 ° C. with a mantle heater and sufficiently stirred for 15 minutes. After stirring, the presence or absence of gas generation in the gas phase portion in the four-necked flask was confirmed with a gas detector tube (manufactured by Gastec Co., Ltd. No. 13 for carbon disulfide and No. 5 La for sulfur dioxide). The results are shown in Table 8.

(表8)

Figure 0004567650
(Table 8)
Figure 0004567650

Claims (2)

含窒素複素環化合物の窒素にジチオ酸基が結合した金属捕集剤の水溶液によって、酸化カルシウムを消化して得られることを特徴とする酸性廃棄物処理剤。 An acidic waste treatment agent obtained by digesting calcium oxide with an aqueous solution of a metal scavenger in which a dithioic acid group is bonded to nitrogen of a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound. 酸化カルシウム100重量部当たり、金属捕集剤を無水物換算で0.1〜150重量部の割合で反応させてなる請求項1記載の酸性廃棄物処理剤。 The acidic waste treatment agent according to claim 1, wherein the metal scavenger is reacted at a ratio of 0.1 to 150 parts by weight in terms of anhydride per 100 parts by weight of calcium oxide.
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CN102216410B (en) * 2008-11-18 2014-10-15 东曹株式会社 Solid heavy metal processing agent, method for producing same and use of same
JP2013193039A (en) * 2012-03-21 2013-09-30 Swing Corp Heavy metal fixing agent used for incineration fly ash and stabilization treatment method of the incineration fly ash
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