JP4565887B2 - Slit slab pneumatic caisson - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a slit slab type pneumatic caisson that can perform inspection, maintenance, carrying-in assembly, dismantling and recovery of an excavator in the pneumatic caisson method.

  As is well known, the pneumatic caisson method (pressure air submersion method) is a method in which excavation is performed with an excavator with the work chamber at the bottom of the caisson at a high pressure in order to prevent inundation and the like. With the development of a remote control system for excavators, it is no longer necessary for workers to enter a working room under high pressure during excavation work. However, remote control is not possible during inspection, maintenance, carry-in assembly, and dismantling recovery of the excavator, requiring workers to work in a high-pressure working room.

  Since such high-pressure work is not desirable for the health management of workers, conventionally, inspection, maintenance, carrying-in assembly, and dismantling and recovery of excavators can be performed without exposing workers to high pressure. Techniques have been developed (for example, Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3).

  The invention of Patent Document 1 is a recovery device for a caisson excavator, in which a work chamber slab below the caisson is provided with an opening for loading and unloading the excavator, and a lower hatch container having a shape covering the opening on the opening. , A container having a hatch at the bottom is provided in order from the bottom, and the earth and sand are discharged using this opening, etc., and when the excavation work is completed, a collection stand with a rail at the bottom is set in the opening, The excavator suspended on the traveling rail of the working chamber slab is transferred to the rail, the collection platform is lifted by a pulling mechanism composed of a wire and a hook, and the excavator is collected in the storage container.

  The invention of Patent Document 2 is a pneumatic caisson suitable for performing repair work when the excavator breaks down or dismantling / collecting work of the excavator, and constructs a lower slab and an upper slab at the lower part of the caisson housing, An air lock chamber and an excavator maintenance room are provided in the space between the double slabs, an excavator loading / unloading opening is provided in the excavator maintenance room of the lower slab, and the excavator maintenance room of the upper slab is provided. An excavator storage part capable of storing a part of the excavator is provided at a location, and a material shaft provided with a material lock is erected on the upper part of the excavator storage part via a deformed shaft.

  In the invention of Patent Document 2, excavated earth and sand are discharged using the opening and material shaft of the lower slab, and the hatch of the opening of the lower slab is closed when the excavator is repaired or recovered, and the air lock chamber and the excavator are excavated. The machine maintenance room is depressurized to almost atmospheric pressure, the recovery block is suspended and supported by the lifting equipment from the upper part of the excavator housing, and the recovery block is suspended and fixed in the opening by opening the hatch of the lower slab opening. The excavator is transferred to the rail provided at the lower part of the recovery block, the recovery block and the excavator are pulled up by the lifting equipment, the hatch of the opening of the lower slab is closed, and the excavator is attached to the traveling rail of the excavator maintenance room. Transfer and move the excavator to a predetermined position in the excavator maintenance room to inspect and repair the excavator. When excavating and dismantling the excavator after excavating the ground, the excavator is dismantled in the excavator maintenance room, and the dismantled equipment is transported to the ground and collected by the material shaft.

  The invention of Patent Document 3 is a pneumatic caisson having a space for inspecting / repairing / assembling excavators, and dismantling / recovering operations. A lower slab and an upper slab are constructed in the lower part of the caisson housing, There is a collection chamber in between, an opening for loading and unloading the excavator is provided in the lower slab, a suspension platform for lifting the excavator is installed in this opening, and the excavator is supported in the collection chamber and moved on the floor A collection stand that can be used is placed.

In the invention of this Patent Document 3, the excavation earth and sand are discharged using the opening of the lower slab, the material shaft, etc., and when the excavator is repaired or recovered, the suspension platform is suspended by the crane wire of the external crane, The suspension platform is fixed to the opening of the lower slab, the excavator is transferred to the rail provided at the bottom of the suspension platform, the suspension platform and the excavator are lifted into the collection chamber by the crane, and the suspension platform is It is supported by a recovery platform, and this recovery platform is moved to an arbitrary position in the recovery chamber to perform inspection / repair of the excavator, assembly / dismantling / recovery work, etc.
JP-A-4-368515 JP 2002-302957 A JP 2003-166251 A

  In the case of the above-described invention of Patent Document 1, it is necessary to pull up the excavator into the recovery lock container provided at the upper part of the working chamber slab, which is troublesome and requires a dedicated recovery platform / lifting mechanism. In addition, inspection and maintenance of the excavator cannot be easily performed near the work room.

  In the case of the inventions of Patent Documents 2 and 3 described above, it is necessary to pull up the excavator into the recovery chamber provided at the upper portion of the working chamber slab, which takes time and requires a recovery block / lifting facility.

  The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and the excavator can be taken in and out of the maintenance room without lifting the excavator of the pneumatic caisson itself to the upper part of the work room slab. The purpose is to provide a slit slab type pneumatic caisson that can quickly and easily perform inspection, maintenance, carry-in assembly, dismantling collection, etc. under atmospheric pressure.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a double-structure work chamber slab is provided at the lower part of the caisson housing, a work chamber is formed below the lower slab, and the excavator is accommodated between the upper slab and the lower slab. is capable maintenance chamber working under atmospheric pressure provided, a slit is provided in the lower slab, drivable excavator over slab on the lower slab is installed, the excavator, the A excavator is provided via a lifting device on a traveling carriage that runs using the slit as a guide , and this excavating device descends in the slit by the lifting device and is located in the work chamber, and rises in the slit. is configured to be positioned on the lower slab, the said drilling device through a slit is lowered to the working chamber perform excavation work, the lower side at the time of maintenance increases the inside slit the excavating device Housed in a traveling vehicle on Love, a slit slab type pneumatic caisson, characterized in that the excavator of this housed state so as to carry the maintenance chamber by traveling along the slit.

  The present invention has a work chamber slab with a double structure and a maintenance chamber provided between the upper and lower slabs. This maintenance chamber is provided with an air pressure adjusting means, and operations such as inspection, maintenance, carrying-in assembly, dismantling and recovery of excavators are performed at atmospheric pressure. This is what you can do below. The atmospheric pressure adjusting means can be remotely operated from the ground. Furthermore, the lower slab is a slit slab, the excavator runs on the slit slab, the lower excavator is lowered into the work chamber by the slit, and the excavator itself is operated in the conventional manner. Without lifting up to the top of the slab, work such as inspection, maintenance, loading assembly, and dismantling collection of the excavator can be performed quickly, easily and safely.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the pneumatic caisson according to the first aspect, the maintenance chamber is a sealed chamber surrounded by a side wall made of steel or concrete, and an opening through which an excavator can pass is provided on the side wall. And a slit slab type pneumatic caisson characterized in that an opening / closing door capable of sealing the opening is provided.

  The maintenance chamber can be formed by installing a pair of side walls between the upper slab and the lower slab, and is arranged at the center of the caisson housing. When the lower excavator is pulled up onto the slit slab, the excavator has a compact configuration in which the lifting device and the excavator are housed in the traveling carriage. The door is opened and closed, and the opening is opened and closed with a sliding door or swing door. The power / communication / control line of the excavator that interferes when the door is opened and closed can be closed without any trouble by providing a cable take-up reel in the maintenance room. However, the excavator can be cableless by using a trolley line for the power line and a wireless device for the communication / control line.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the pneumatic caisson according to the first or second aspect, an excavator recovery shaft for carrying the excavator in and out of the maintenance chamber, and an operator in the maintenance chamber. It is a slit slab type pneumatic caisson characterized by being provided with a man shaft to enter and exit.

  As the excavator recovery shaft, a dedicated shaft having a bottom shaft or a normal material shaft having a lock on the top can be used. The excavator is dismantled in the maintenance room and collected to the ground via the shaft, and the excavator parts are carried from the ground and assembled in the maintenance room. The excavator can be carried in and out without being dismantled.

  According to the present invention configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained.

  (1) The work room slab of the pneumatic caisson has a double structure, a maintenance room is provided between the upper and lower slabs, and the excavator of the excavator traveling on the lower slab is raised and lowered through the slit, so that The excavator can be taken in and out of the maintenance room without lifting the excavator itself onto the work room slab, and the excavator can be inspected, maintained, carried in, assembled and dismantled quickly and easily under atmospheric pressure. It is possible to perform work under high atmospheric pressure, improve work efficiency, reduce construction costs, improve safety, and the like.

  (2) By providing a slit in the lower slab and using a slit-traveling / lifting excavator, the conventional collection rack and lifting equipment are not required, and costs can be reduced.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on an embodiment shown in the drawings. 1A and 1B show an example of a pneumatic caisson of the present invention. FIG. 1A is a vertical sectional view seen from the front, and FIG. 1B is a vertical sectional view seen from the side (maintenance room). FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view of the lower slab lower surface of the working chamber of FIG. FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view (outside of the maintenance chamber) seen from the side of the pneumatic caisson of FIG. FIG. 4 shows an example of an excavator used in the present invention, in which (a) is a plan view, (b) is a vertical sectional view seen from the front, and (c) is a vertical sectional view seen from the side. FIG. 5 is a horizontal sectional view showing work such as inspection and maintenance of the excavator of the present invention in the order of steps.

  In FIG. 1, a pneumatic caisson 1 is usually a working chamber 5 surrounded by a blade edge 4 under a working chamber slab 3 provided at the bottom of a box-shaped or cylindrical caisson housing 2. Compressed air corresponding to the water pressure is sent from the ground to the inside, and excavation is performed under a completely dry high pressure, and subsidence is performed by excavation alone or in combination with a load. The excavation is an unmanned excavation by an excavator 6 such as a traveling excavator remotely operated from the ground.

  Further, a material shaft 7 for carrying out excavation soil and the like is erected on the inner side of the caisson housing 2, and a material lock 8 is provided above the material shaft 7. Further, a man shaft 9 on which an operator moves up and down by an elevator is also erected, and a man lock 10 is provided on the man shaft 9.

  In such a pneumatic caisson 1, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, the working chamber slab 3 is composed of an upper slab 3a and a lower slab 3b arranged at a predetermined interval in the vertical direction. The work chamber 5 is formed under the lower slab 3b, and the excavator 6 is accommodated between the upper slab 3a and the lower slab 3b, and inspection / maintenance / loading assembly / disassembly is performed under atmospheric pressure. A maintenance chamber 12 capable of recovery and the like is provided, a slit 15 is provided in the lower slab 3b, and the inside of the work chamber 5 is excavated by the excavator 6 having a special structure that runs on the slit slab 3b. To do.

  As will be described in detail later, the excavator 6 is provided with an excavator 32 on the traveling carriage 30 via an elevating device 31, and the excavator 32 is disposed in the work chamber 5 by being lowered in the slit 15. Excavation is carried out by running using the slit 15 as a guide, and the excavator 32 is moved up in the slit 15 and stored in the traveling carriage 30 on the slit slab 3b. The excavator 6 in the stored state is moved along the slit 15. Travel and carry into the maintenance room 12.

  Further, an excavator collecting shaft 14 is erected on the maintenance chamber 12 via a bottom shaft 13, and a man shaft 9 having a manlock 10 on the upper portion is erected to allow an operator to enter the maintenance chamber 12. The excavator 6 can be dismantled and collected on the ground. In addition, the normal material shaft 7 and the material lock 8 can be installed on the maintenance chamber 12 for collection. Further, the excavator 6 can be recovered as it is without being dismantled and carried from the ground.

  The maintenance chamber 12 is a concrete sealed chamber surrounded by an upper slab 3a, a lower slab 3b, and a pair of side walls 20, 20, as shown in FIGS. An opening 21 through which the excavator 6 can pass and a slide-type opening / closing door 22 that can seal the opening 21 are provided. The maintenance chamber 12 is provided with atmospheric pressure adjusting means (not shown), and the inside of the maintenance chamber 12 can be depressurized to atmospheric pressure. This atmospheric pressure adjusting means can be remotely operated from the ground. Further, the maintenance chamber 12 is installed in the central portion of the caisson so as to divide the caisson into two parts in plan view (see FIG. 3). The side wall 20 of the maintenance chamber 12 is not limited to concrete but may be steel or the like.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the slits 15 are arranged on both sides of the maintenance chamber 12 so as to be orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the maintenance chamber 12. In the longitudinal direction of the maintenance chamber 12, three rows are arranged at intervals, and three openings 21 are provided in the side wall 20 so as to correspond to the three rows of slits 15. In addition, this slit 15 is arrange | positioned so that excavation can be performed over the whole inside of the working chamber 5, and not only this example of illustration but various arrangement | positioning is possible.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the open / close door 22 is a slide type movable along the outer surface of the side wall 20, and is opened and closed by a remote operation from the ground. The upper and lower portions of the open / close door 22 are housed in grooves formed in the upper slab 3a and the lower slab 3b, and an appropriate seal or the like is provided on the inner surface of the open / close door 22 so that the opening 21 can be sealed. Has been. The opening / closing door 22 may be a swing type.

  The power / communication / control cable of the excavator 6 that hinders the opening and closing of the door is provided with a cable take-up reel (not shown) in the maintenance chamber 12 so that the cable is unwound while the open / close door 22 is opened. When the excavator 6 is put into the maintenance room 12, the door 22 can be closed without hindrance by winding the cable. In addition, the excavator 6 can be cableless by using a cableless power supply system using a trolley wire as power and using a wireless device for communication and control.

  As the excavator 6, an overhead traveling excavator that travels suspended on a traveling rail of a work room slab ceiling is used, but in the present invention, as shown in FIG. Excavator. That is, the upper part of the lifting / lowering device 31 is attached to the traveling carriage 30 that can travel on the lower slit slab 3 b, and the excavation device 32 is attached to the lower part of the lifting / lowering device 31.

  For example, the traveling carriage 30 is provided with a traveling drive device 41 and traveling wheels 42 on a portal-shaped gantry 40, and a fixed base 50 inserted into the slit 15 of the lifting device 31 is provided with guide wheels 43. The traveling wheel 42 rolls on the slit slab 3b on both sides of the slit 15 and the guide wheel 43 is arranged to roll on both sides of the slit 15, straddles the slit 15, and self-runs with the slit 15 as a guide. Has been.

  The elevating device 31 is, for example, a telescope type (nested type) vertical movement device, and is configured to extend and move the intermediate portion 51 and the lower end portion 52 with respect to the upper fixed base 50 by a drive cylinder or the like. The size is such that it can move within 15 with a margin. Further, the intermediate portion 51 is provided with a chucking device 33 for fixing the excavator 6 by pressing a fixing member against the lower surface of the slit slab 3b by an opening / closing cylinder or the like. The elevating device 31 is not limited to the illustrated example, and may be another vertical moving device.

  The excavator 32 is the same as the excavation part of a normal excavator, and includes a slide boom 60, an arm 61, an excavation bucket 62, and the like. The slide boom 60 can be turned horizontally, for example, by attaching the fixed base 50 of the elevating device 31 to the mount 40 of the traveling carriage 30 via a turntable or the like. The fixed boom of the slide boom 60 is pivotally supported by the tip end portion 52 of the lifting device 31 so as to be rotatable up and down, and tilted up and down by the hoisting cylinder 63. The arm 61 is connected to the tip of the movable boom of the slide boom 60, and the excavation bucket 62 and other attachments are attached to the tip of the arm 61 in a replaceable manner. The excavator 32 can pass through the slit 15 when the slide boom 60 and the like are arranged in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the slit 15.

  When the lifting device 31 is extended downward, the excavator 32 is positioned in the work chamber 5 through the slit 15 (see the left side of FIG. 4 (c)), and the extended excavator 6 is used with the slit 15 as a guide. Let it run. The excavator 6 is fixed by a chucking device 33 to perform excavation. When the elevating device 31 is contracted upward, the excavating device 32 passes through the slit 15 and is positioned on the slit slab 3b, and is housed in the portal frame 40 (see the right side of FIG. 4 (c)). The stored excavator 6 is run along the slit 15 and is carried into the maintenance chamber 12 as will be described later.

In the pneumatic caisson 1 configured as described above, the excavator 6 is inspected / maintained and disassembled / assembled as follows (see FIG. 5 ).

  (1) The open / close door 22 of the maintenance room 12 is open, and the inside of the work room 5 and the space between the upper and lower slabs are under high pressure, and the operator can watch the monitor image in the work room 5 in the remote control room on the ground. The excavator operates the extended excavator 6 located in the work room 5, runs the excavator 6 with the slit 15 as a guide, and automatically controls or remotely operates the excavator 6 from the ground to perform unmanned excavation. To do. Electric power is supplied to the excavator 6 by a cable fed from a cable take-up reel. The excavated earth and sand are put into the earth discharging bucket and discharged to the ground through the material shaft 7.

  (2) The excavator of the excavator 6 is pulled up through the slit 15, and the excavator 6 in the stored state is moved from the opening 21 into the maintenance chamber 12. The cable of the excavator 6 is taken up by a cable take-up reel.

  (3) The opening / closing door 22 is slid and closed, and the opening 21 is sealed. Since the cable of the excavator 6 is wound around the cable take-up reel, the open / close door 22 can be closed without hindrance.

  (4) The inside of the maintenance chamber 12 sealed with respect to the high-pressure working chamber 5 or the like is depressurized by the atmospheric pressure adjusting means and returned to the atmospheric pressure.

  (5) Carry out maintenance work such as inspection and maintenance of the excavator 6 or dismantling work in the maintenance room 12 under atmospheric pressure.

  When the excavator 6 is returned to the work chamber 5 after the maintenance is completed, the excavator 6 is returned to the work chamber 5 in the reverse procedure.

  When the excavator 6 is recovered to the ground after excavation settlement is completed, the excavator 6 is dismantled in the maintenance chamber 12 and then transported to the ground via the excavator recovery shaft 14 and the like. When the excavator 6 is carried into the work chamber 5 from the ground, the process is the reverse of the process for carrying out to the ground. The disassembled excavator is carried into the maintenance chamber 12 and assembled, and the assembled excavator 6 is assembled. It is carried onto the work room 5. The excavator 6 can be carried in and out without disassembling.

  Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated examples.

1 shows an embodiment of a pneumatic caisson of the present invention, where (a) is a vertical cross-sectional view viewed from the front, and (b) is a vertical cross-sectional view (maintenance room) viewed from the side. It is a horizontal sectional view in the lower slab lower surface of the working chamber of FIG. It is the vertical sectional view (maintenance room outside) seen from the side of the pneumatic caisson of FIG. It is an example of the excavator used by this invention, (a) is a top view, (b) is a vertical sectional view seen from the front, (c) is a vertical sectional view seen from the side. It is a horizontal sectional view showing work, such as inspection and maintenance of an excavator of the present invention, in order of processes.

Explanation of symbols

1 …… Pneumatic caisson 2 …… Caisson housing 3 …… Workroom slab 3a… Upper slab 3b… Lower slab (slit slab)
4 ... Blade 5 ... Work chamber 6 ... Excavator 7 ... Material shaft 8 ... Material lock 9 ... Man shaft 10 ... Man lock 12 ... Maintenance chamber 13 ... Bottom shaft 14 ... Excavator Recovery shaft 15 ... slit 20 ... side wall 21 ... opening 22 ... opening and closing door 30 ... traveling carriage 31 ... elevating device 32 ... excavating device 33 ... chucking device 40 ... portal-shaped mount 41 …… Travel drive device 42 …… Travel wheel 43 ...... Guide wheel 50 ...... Fixed base 51 ...... Intermediate portion 52 ...... Tip 60 ス ラ イ ド Slide boom 61 …… Arm 62 …… Drilling bucket 63 …… Rolling cylinder

Claims (3)

A double working room slab is provided at the lower part of the caisson housing, a working room is formed under the lower slab, and an excavator is housed between the upper slab and the lower slab to work under atmospheric pressure. A maintenance chamber is provided, a slit is provided in the lower slab, and an excavator capable of traveling on the slab is installed on the lower slab. The excavator is a traveling carriage that travels using the slit as a guide. The excavator is provided via an elevating device, and the excavator is lowered in the slit by the elevating device to be located in a working chamber, and is raised in the slit and located on the lower slab. is configured to, the said drilling device through a slit is lowered to the working chamber perform excavation work, maintenance at the time of the excavating device is raised through the slits in the traveling vehicle on the lower slab Housed, slit slab type pneumatic caisson the excavator of the stored state by running along the slit, characterized in that so as to carry the maintenance room.
  The pneumatic caisson according to claim 1, wherein the maintenance chamber is a sealed chamber surrounded by a side wall made of steel or concrete, and an opening through which an excavator can pass and the opening can be sealed. A slit slab type pneumatic caisson characterized by an open / close door. In the pneumatic caisson according to claim 1 or 2, an excavator recovery shaft for carrying in and out the excavator and a man shaft for an operator to enter and exit the maintenance chamber are provided at the upper part of the maintenance chamber. A slit slab type pneumatic caisson.

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