JP4554059B2 - EPDM vulcanized foam - Google Patents

EPDM vulcanized foam Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4554059B2
JP4554059B2 JP2000340419A JP2000340419A JP4554059B2 JP 4554059 B2 JP4554059 B2 JP 4554059B2 JP 2000340419 A JP2000340419 A JP 2000340419A JP 2000340419 A JP2000340419 A JP 2000340419A JP 4554059 B2 JP4554059 B2 JP 4554059B2
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epdm
parts
foaming
ethylene
vulcanized
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JP2002146074A (en
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光生 松本
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Nitto Denko Corp
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Nitto Denko Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の技術分野】
本発明は、ジエン含量の高いEPDMを用いてなる耐熱性と耐候性に優れるEPDM系加硫発泡体に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
EPDM系の加硫発泡体は、その優れたクッション性や圧縮性等に基づいて気密や止水等のシール材、あるいは断熱や防音等のシール材などとして家電等の室内用品や自動車等の屋外用品、住宅等の建築物などの各種の分野で広く使用されており、その用途に応じクッション性や圧縮性等の特性が調節されている。その場合、段差等の平坦部でない箇所を含む部位に適用する必要のあるときには良好な段差追従性を示して高いシール性能を維持できるように通例、高発泡で柔軟性に富む加硫発泡体に調節される。
【0003】
従来、前記の高発泡で柔軟性に富む加硫発泡体を得る場合にはジエン含量の高いEPDMが用いられてきた。これはその高いジエン含量に基づいて加硫・発泡処理を制御しやすく、高い発泡倍率としやすいことによる。しかしながらジエン含量の高いEPDMを用いた加硫発泡体は、ジエン含量の低いEPDMを用いた加硫発泡体よりも耐熱性と耐候性に劣る問題点があった。
【0004】
【発明の技術的課題】
本発明は、ジエン含量の高いEPDMを用いて耐熱性と耐候性に優れると共に高発泡で柔軟性に富むEPDM系加硫発泡体の開発を課題とする。
【0005】
【課題の解決手段】
本発明は、ジエン含量が8〜20重量%のEPDMと、10〜50重量%のエチレン・プロピレンゴムとの混合物からなるゴム成分の加硫発泡体からなることを特徴とするEPDM系加硫発泡体を提供するものである。
【0006】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、ジエン含量の高いEPDMを用いたことで加硫・発泡処理を制御しやすく、段差追従性等に優れて平坦部でない箇所を含む部位においても高いシール性能を発揮する高発泡で柔軟性に富むと共に、ジエン含量の低いEPDMを用いた場合にほぼ匹敵する耐熱性と耐候性を示してゴム物性によるクッション性や圧縮性等の性能に優れる加硫発泡体を得ることができる。
【0007】
【発明の実施形態】
本発明によるEPDM系加硫発泡体は、ジエン含量が8〜20重量%のEPDMと、10〜50重量%のエチレン・プロピレンゴムとの混合物からなるゴム成分の加硫発泡体からなる。斯かる加硫発泡体の形成は、例えば当該EPDM、エチレン・プロピレンゴム、加硫剤及び発泡剤を少なくとも成分とする混和物を加熱して加硫発泡処理する方法などにより行うことができる。
【0008】
EPDMとしては、例えばエチレン・α−オレフィン・5−エチリデン−2−ノルボルネン共重合体などからなるジエン含量が8〜20重量%の適宜なものの1種又は2種以上を用いることができる。就中、ゴム物性等による圧縮性などの点よりはムーニー粘度(ML1+4、100℃、以下同じ)が5〜30のEPDMが好ましく用いうる。なお前記のα−オレフィンとしては、プロピレンが一般的であるがそれに限定されない。
【0009】
エチレン・プロピレンゴムとしては、適宜なものを1種又は2種以上用いうる。斯かるエチレン・プロピレンゴムの併用でジエン含量の高いEPDMの使用による低密度の高発泡を達成しつつ、ジエン含量の低いEPDMを用いた加硫発泡体にほぼ匹敵する耐熱性と耐候性を達成することができる。これはジエン含量の高いEPDMにおける加硫発泡処理の良好なタイミング制御性を損なうことなく、エチレン・プロピレンゴムの併用でゴム成分全体としてジエンの含量率を低下させる薄め効果が発現し、ジエン含量の低いEPDMの使用にほぼ匹敵する耐熱性等が発現するものと考えられる。
【0010】
エチレン・プロピレンゴムの使用量は、10重量%以上、就中20重量%以上、特に25〜50重量%である。その使用量が10重量%未満では併用効果に乏しくて前記した薄め効果等が発現しにくく、50重量%を超えるとジエン含量の高いEPDMの使用による高発泡が達成されにくく得られる加硫発泡体が伸び率の劣るものとなりやすい。
【0011】
EPDMとエチレン・プロピレンゴムは、それらを予め混合してその混合物を加硫剤等の他成分との混合に用いることが上記した特性の安定した発現性などの点より好ましい。またその場合、溶液化による混合方式の如く分子レベルの混合状態よりも、バンバリーミキサ等の混練機による混合状態がジエン含量の高いEPDMの使用による加硫発泡処理の良好なタイミング制御性の温存などの上記した特性の達成の点より好ましい。
【0012】
加硫剤としては、EPDMとエチレン・プロピレンゴムを加硫ないし架橋できる1種又は2種以上の適宜なものを用いることができ、特に限定はない。ちなみにその例としては、硫黄や硫黄化合物類、セレンや酸化マグネシウム、一酸化鉛や酸化亜鉛、有機過酸化物類やポリアミン類、P−キノンジオキシムやP,P'-ジベンゾイルキノンジオキシムの如きオキシム類やP−ジニトロソベンジンの如きニトロソ化合物類、アルキルフェノール・ホルムアルデヒド樹脂、メラミン・ホルムアルデヒド縮合物の如き樹脂類や安息香酸アンモニウムの如きアンモニウム塩類などがあげられる。
【0013】
得られる加硫発泡体の物性などの点よりは硫黄と1分半減期温度が160℃超の有機過酸化物とを併用する方式が好ましい。これにより硫黄にて160℃程度の低温側でEPDMを加硫処理した後、1分半減期温度が160℃超の有機過酸化物にてエチレン・プロピレンゴムを160℃超の高温側で架橋処理することができる。EPDMのみを加硫してエチレン・プロピレンゴムが未架橋の状態ではその未架橋部分に歪みが生じやすく、圧縮復元性の低下原因等となりやすい。
【0014】
1分半減期温度が160℃超の有機過酸化物としては適宜なものを用いうる。
就中、処理効率などの点より例えばジクミルパーオキシドやジメチルジ(t−ブチルパーオキシ)ヘキサン、ビス(t−ブチルパーオキシイソプロピル)ベンゼンの如き1分半減期温度が200℃以下、就中170〜190℃の有機過酸化物が好ましく用いうる。加硫剤の使用量は、その種類に基づく加硫効率などに応じて適宜に決定することができる。一般にはEPDM100重量部あたり0.1〜10重量部、就中0.5〜5重量部が用いられる。
【0015】
一方、発泡剤としても1種又は2種以上の適宜なものを用いることができ、特に限定はない。ちなみにその例としては、炭酸アンモニウムや炭酸水素アンモニウム、炭酸水素ナトリウムや亜硝酸アンモニウム、水素化ホウ素ナトリウムやアジド類などの無機系発泡剤があげられる。またトリクロロモノフルオロメタンやジクロロモノフルオロメタンの如きフッ化アルカン、アゾビスイソブチロニトリルやアゾジカルボン酸アミド(ADCA)、バリウムアゾジカルボキシレートの如きアゾ系化合物等の有機系発泡剤もあげられる。
【0016】
さらにパラトルエンスルホニルヒドラジドやジフェニルスルホン−3,3'−ジスルホニルヒドラジド、4,4'−オキシビス(ベンゼンスルホニルヒドラジド)、アリルビス(スルホニルヒドラジド)の如きヒドラジン系化合物、ρ−トルイレンスルホニルセミカルバジドや4,4'−オキシビス(ベンゼンスルホニルセミカルバジド)の如きセミカルバジド系化合物、5−モルホリル−1,2,3,4−チアトリアゾールの如きトリアゾール系化合物、N,N'−ジニトロソペンタメチレンテトラミンやN,N'−ジメチル−N,N'−ジニトロソテレフタルアミドの如きN−ニトロソ系化合物などの有機発泡剤もあげられる。
【0017】
用いる発泡剤は、加熱膨脹性の物質がマイクロカプセル内に封入された熱膨脹性微粒子などであってもよい。その熱膨脹性微粒子にはマイクロスフェア(商品名、松本油脂社製)などの市販物もある。発泡剤の使用量は、目的とする加硫発泡体の物性などに応じて適宜に決定することができる。一般には、EPDM100重量部あたり0.1〜100重量部、就中0.5〜50重量部、特に1〜30重量部の発泡剤が用いられる。
【0018】
混和物の調製は、EPDM、エチレン・プロピレンゴム、加硫剤及び発泡剤等からなる配合成分を例えばニーダやミキシングロール等の混練機を介して混合する方式などの適宜な方式で混合することにより行うことができる。その際、加硫が進行する程度に温度上昇する混合方式は好ましくない。また上記した如くEPDMとエチレン・プロピレンゴムはそれらを別途に混合してその混合物を他の配合成分との混合に供することもできる。
【0019】
混和物の調製に際しては、粘度や加硫性の調節、得られる加硫発泡体の強度等の物性の調節などを目的に従来に準じた適宜な配合剤を必要に応じて添加することができる。ちなみに加硫の促進を目的に例えばグアニジン類やチアゾール類、スルフェンアミド類やチューラム類、ジチオカルバミン酸類やキサントゲン酸類、アルデヒドアンモニア類やアルデヒドアミン類、チオウレア類などからなる1種又は2種以上の加硫促進剤、さらには加硫促進助剤を配合することができる。
加硫促進剤の使用量は、EPDM100重量部あたり0.1〜10重量部が適当であるが、これに限定されない。
【0020】
また混和物には、その加工性ないし成形性の調節などを目的に例えば無水フタル酸や安息香酸やサリチル酸の如き有機酸、N−ニトロソ−ジフェニルアミンやN−ニトロソ−フェニル−β−ナフチルアミンの如きアミン類などからなる1種又は2種以上の加硫遅延剤を配合して、上記した加硫促進剤とは反対に加硫を遅らせることもできる。
【0021】
さらに混和物には、成形性の調節などを目的に、例えば塩素化パラフィン等のパラフィン類やワックス類、ナフテン類やアロマ類やアスファルト類、アマニ油等の乾性油類や動植物油類、石油系オイル類や各種の低分量ポリマー類、フタル酸エステル類やリン酸エステル類、ステアリン酸やそのエステル類、アルキルスルホン酸エステル類や粘着付与剤などからなる1種又は2種以上の軟化剤ないし可塑剤を添加することもできる。なおステアリン酸やそのエステル類は、滑剤などとしても有用で、従って各種の滑剤も配合しうる成分の例としてあげられる。
斯かる軟化剤等の配合量は、EPDM100重量部あたり15〜40重量部、就中20〜35重量部が一般的である。
【0022】
加えて混和物には、尿素系やサリチル酸系や安息香酸系等の発泡助剤、タルクやクレー、炭酸カルシウムや雲母粉、亜鉛華やベントナイト、カーボンブラックやシリカ、アルミナやアルミニウムシリケート、アセチレンブラックやアルミニウム粉の如き充填剤、炭酸マグネシウムや水酸化アルミニウム、ケイ酸やその塩類の如き難燃剤、その他、老化防止剤や酸化防止剤、顔料や着色剤、防カビ剤などの適宜な配合剤の1種又は2種以上を必要に応じて添加することができる。なお前記の亜鉛華は安定剤として、カーボンブラックは補強剤などとしても有用で、従って各種の安定剤や補強剤も配合しうる成分の例としてあげられる。
【0023】
本発明によるEPDM系加硫発泡体の形成は、上記した混和物を加熱して加硫発泡処理することにより行いうるが、その形成に際しては必要に応じ混和物を例えばシート等の所定の形態に成形して、その成形体を加熱処理して加硫発泡体とすることもできる。その場合、成形体は、適宜な方式にて任意な形態に成形したものであってよく、その形態について特に限定はない。従って加硫発泡処理の対象物は、混和物を例えばミキシングロールやカレンダーロールや押出成形等による適宜な方式でシート状やその他の形態に成形したものであってもよいし、所定の型を介して射出成形やプレス成形等による適宜な方式で凹凸等を有する所定の形態に成形したものなどであってもよい。
【0024】
前記において凹凸形状を有する加硫発泡体の形成では、未加硫シートを凹凸を有する型の上に配置して加熱し、その型の凹凸に前記未加硫シートを形成する混和物を流動侵入させて加硫発泡処理する方式なども採ることができる。かかる方式は、ヒダ構造を有する複雑で深い凹凸構造を有する型の場合にもその凹凸形状を精度よく形成できる利点などを有している。よって成形体の寸法は任意であり目的とする加硫発泡体の形態などに応じて適宜に決定することができる。シート等の場合、その厚さは100mm以下、就中1μm〜80mm、特に10μm〜50mmが一般的である。
【0025】
上記した加硫発泡処理は、用いた加硫剤や発泡剤などによる加硫開始温度や加硫発泡温度などにより従来に準じた適宜な条件で行うことができる。一般的な加硫発泡温度は、450℃以下、就中100〜350℃、特に120〜300℃である。かかる加硫発泡処理で通例、混和物が軟化して発泡剤が膨脹し発泡構造を形成しつつ加硫が進行して目的の加硫発泡体が形成される。その場合、発泡処理と加硫処理は、異なる温度条件で行うこともでき適宜な処理条件を採ることができる。また加硫発泡処理は、発泡倍率の調節などを目的に加圧下に行うこともできる。その加圧条件は、従来に準じることができる。
【0026】
形成する加硫発泡体の発泡倍率(加硫発泡前後の密度比)は、使用目的などに応じて適宜に決定することができる。一般にはジエン含量の高いEPDMを用いたことによる高発泡の利点を活かす点より10倍以上、就中12〜20倍とされる。その発泡倍率は、上記した発泡剤の配合量、加硫発泡の処理時間や温度などにより制御することができる。また発泡倍率の調節などにより得られる加硫発泡体の独立や連続、それらの混在等の発泡構造を制御することができる。
【0027】
本発明によるEPDM系加硫発泡体は、例えばクッション材やパッド材、気密や防水、断熱や防音等の各種目的のシール材、振動低減材などの従来に準じた各種の用途に好ましく用いることができる。就中、ジエン含量の高いEPDMの使用にて高発泡で柔軟性に富む加硫発泡体としてその良好な段差追従性に基づき、段差等の平坦部でない箇所を含む部位に適用するシール材などとして好ましく用いることができる。
【0028】
【実施例】
実施例1
ジエン含量が9.5重量%のエチレン・プロピレン・5−エチリデン−2−ノルボルネン共重合体(住友化学工業社製、エスプレン505A:エチレン含量50重量%)からなるEPDM70部(重量部、以下同じ)、及びエチレン・プロピレンゴム(住友化学工業社製、エスプレン201:エチレン含量49重量%)30部をバンバリーミキサーで10分間混練し、それにカーボンブラック(旭カーボン社製、旭カーボン#50)10部、酸化亜鉛(三井金属工業社製、酸化亜鉛2種)5部、粉末ステアリン酸(日本油脂社製)2部、プロセスオイル(出光興産社製、ダイアナプロセスPW−90)30部、重質炭酸カルシウム(丸尾カルシウム社製)100部、及び水酸化アルミニウム(昭和電工社製、ハイジライH−42)30部を加えてさらに8分間混練後、ミキシングロールで精練りしてシート化した。
【0029】
次に前記シート化による混和物100部に、硫黄(細井化学社製、微分硫黄)0.5部、有機過酸化物(日本油脂社製、パーヘキサV−40:1分半減期温度166℃)3.0部、チアゾール系加硫促進剤(大内新興化学社製、ノクセラーM)1.0部、ジチオカルバミン酸塩系発泡剤(大内新興化学社製、ノクセラーEZ)0.6部、ジチオカルバミン酸塩系発泡剤(大内新興化学社製、ノクセラーPZ)0.6部、ADCA(永和化成社製、ビニホールAC#LQ)12部、及び尿素(永和化成工業社製、セルペーストK−5:発泡助剤)3部を加えミキシングロールで混練して混和物を得、それを押出し機で成形して厚さ4.5mm、幅150mmの未加硫シートとしそれを乾燥機中にて100℃で20分間予熱後15分間かけて160℃に昇温しその温度で15分間加熱して加硫発泡処理し、ついで180℃にて70分間加熱して発泡倍率が12倍の加硫発泡シートを得た。
【0030】
実施例2
EPDMとエチレン・プロピレンゴムの使用割合を50部ずつの同量とし、かつ硫黄の使用量を1.0部、有機過酸化物の使用量を5.0部としたほかは実施例1に準じて発泡倍率が12倍の加硫発泡シートを得た。
【0031】
比較例1
EPDMの使用量を100部としてエチレン・プロピレンゴムを配合せず、それにカーボンブラック10部、酸化亜鉛5部、粉末ステアリン酸2部、プロセスオイル30部、重質炭酸カルシウム100部、及び水酸化アルミニウム30部を加えてバンバリーミキサーで10分間混練後ミキシングロールで精練りしてシート化し、その混和物100部に、硫黄0.5部、チアゾール系加硫促進剤0.5部、ジチオカルバミン酸塩系発泡剤0.6部、ADCA12部、及び尿素3部を加えミキシングロールで混練して混和物を得、それを押出し機で未加硫シートに成形したほかは実施例1に準じて、発泡倍率が12倍の加硫発泡シートを得た。
【0032】
比較例2
ジエン含量が4重量%のエチレン・プロピレン・5−エチリデン−2−ノルボルネン共重合体(住友化学工業社製、エスプレン501A:エチレン含量52重量%)からなるEPDMの使用量を100部としてエチレン・プロピレンゴムを配合せず、それにカーボンブラック10部、酸化亜鉛5部、粉末ステアリン酸2部、プロセスオイル30部、重質炭酸カルシウム100部、及び水酸化アルミニウム30部を加えてバンバリーミキサーで10分間混練後ミキシングロールで精練りしてシート化し、その混和物100部に、硫黄1.5部、チアゾール系加硫促進剤1.0部、ジチオカルバミン酸塩系発泡剤2.0部、ADCA12部、及び尿素3部を加えミキシングロールで混練して混和物を得、それを実施例1に準じ押出し機で未加硫シートに成形し、それを乾燥機中にて100℃で25分間予熱後15分間かけて160℃に昇温しその温度で15分間加熱して加硫発泡処理し、ついで180℃にて70分間加熱して発泡倍率が10倍の加硫発泡シートを得た。
【0033】
評価試験
実施例、比較例で得た加硫発泡シートについて、耐候性(大日本プラスチック社製、ダイプラメタル・ウェザー)を調べた。その試験は、シートを厚さ10mmにスライスしてJIS K 6251による引張り試験用ダンベル1号にて打抜き、その試料を光エネルギー68.0mW/cmにて、83℃、50%RHで8時間と30℃、98%RHで4時間を1サイクルとして4サイクル繰り返して暴露後、JIS K 6251に準拠して引張り試験し、その際の伸び率より次の式にて伸び残率を求めた。
伸び残率(%)=(暴露後伸び率/暴露前伸び率)×100
【0034】
実施例、比較例で得た加硫発泡シートについて、JIS K 6262による圧縮永久歪み試験の試験機を用いて熱圧縮永久歪みを調べた。その試験は、直径29mm、厚さ10±0.15mmの試料を平行金属板間に配置して厚さ5mmのスペーサを介し平行金属板をボルト締めして固定し(試料圧縮率50%)、それを100℃の恒温槽中にて22時間放置したのち平行金属板間より試料を取り出して室温で30分間放冷し、その際の試料の厚さをJIS K 6262による測厚器にて測定して次式により熱圧縮永久歪み(CS)を算出した。
CS(%)=(試験前厚−試験後厚)/(試験前厚−スペーサ厚)×100
【0035】
前記の結果を次表に示した。

Figure 0004554059
【0036】
表より、エチレン・プロピレンゴムを併用した実施例1、2ではそれを用いない比較例1と比べてウェザーメーター暴露後の伸び残率に優れると共に、熱圧縮永久歪みの小さいことがわかる。これより実施例にてジエン含量の低い比較例2にほぼ匹敵する耐候性と耐熱性が達成され、かつ比較例2よりも高発泡倍率の達成されていることがわかる。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an EPDM vulcanized foam excellent in heat resistance and weather resistance using EPDM having a high diene content.
[0002]
[Prior art]
EPDM vulcanized foams are used for indoor products such as home appliances and outdoor parts such as automobiles as sealing materials such as airtightness and water-stopping, sealing materials such as heat insulation and soundproofing, etc. based on their excellent cushioning properties and compressibility. It is widely used in various fields such as goods and buildings such as houses, and characteristics such as cushioning and compressibility are adjusted according to the application. In that case, when it is necessary to apply to a part including a part that is not a flat part such as a step, a vulcanized foam having high foaming and flexibility is usually provided so as to maintain a good step following property and maintain high sealing performance. Adjusted.
[0003]
Conventionally, EPDM having a high diene content has been used to obtain the above-mentioned highly foamed and flexible vulcanized foam. This is because the vulcanization / foaming process can be easily controlled based on the high diene content, and the foaming ratio can be easily increased. However, vulcanized foams using EPDM having a high diene content have problems of poor heat resistance and weather resistance compared to vulcanized foams using EPDM having a low diene content.
[0004]
[Technical Problem of the Invention]
An object of the present invention is to develop an EPDM vulcanized foam that is excellent in heat resistance and weather resistance using EPDM having a high diene content and that is highly foamed and flexible.
[0005]
[Means for solving problems]
The present invention is an EPDM vulcanization characterized by comprising a vulcanized foam of a rubber component comprising a mixture of EPDM having a diene content of 8 to 20% by weight and 10 to 50% by weight of ethylene / propylene rubber. A foam is provided.
[0006]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, by using EPDM having a high diene content, it is easy to control the vulcanization / foaming treatment, and the high foaming that exhibits excellent sealing performance even in a portion including a portion that is not flat and has excellent step following ability. It is possible to obtain a vulcanized foam which is excellent in performance such as cushioning property and compressibility due to the physical properties of rubber, exhibiting heat resistance and weather resistance almost equal to those of EPDM having a low diene content. .
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The EPDM vulcanized foam according to the present invention comprises a vulcanized foam of a rubber component comprising a mixture of EPDM having a diene content of 8 to 20% by weight and 10 to 50% by weight of ethylene / propylene rubber. Such a vulcanized foam can be formed by, for example, a method in which a mixture containing at least the EPDM, ethylene / propylene rubber, vulcanizing agent and foaming agent is heated and vulcanized and foamed.
[0008]
As EPDM, for example, one or more suitable ones having a diene content of 8 to 20% by weight made of ethylene / α-olefin / 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene copolymer can be used. In particular, EPDM having a Mooney viscosity (ML 1 + 4 , 100 ° C., the same shall apply hereinafter) of 5 to 30 can be preferably used from the viewpoint of compressibility due to rubber physical properties. In addition, as said alpha olefin, although propylene is common, it is not limited to it.
[0009]
The ethylene-propylene rubber, can be used appropriately as the one or more. The combination of ethylene and propylene rubber achieves low density and high foaming by using EPDM with high diene content, while achieving heat resistance and weather resistance almost comparable to vulcanized foams using EPDM with low diene content. can do. This does not impair the good timing controllability of the vulcanization and foaming treatment in EPDM with a high diene content, and the combined use of ethylene / propylene rubber has the effect of reducing the diene content as a whole rubber component. It is considered that heat resistance and the like almost comparable to the use of low EPDM are developed.
[0010]
The amount of the ethylene-propylene rubber, 1 0 wt% or more, especially 20 wt% or more, in particular 25 to 50 wt%. If the amount used is less than 10% by weight, the combined effect is poor and the above-described thinning effect or the like is difficult to be exhibited, and if it exceeds 50% by weight, high foaming due to the use of EPDM having a high diene content is hardly achieved. Tends to be inferior in elongation.
[0011]
EPDM and ethylene / propylene rubber are preferably mixed in advance, and the mixture is used for mixing with other components such as a vulcanizing agent from the viewpoint of stable expression of the above-described characteristics. In that case, the mixing state by the kneading machine such as the Banbury mixer is higher than the mixing state at the molecular level as in the case of the mixing method by solution. This is preferable from the viewpoint of achieving the above-mentioned characteristics.
[0012]
As the vulcanizing agent, one or more suitable ones capable of vulcanizing or crosslinking EPDM and ethylene / propylene rubber can be used, and there is no particular limitation. Examples include sulfur and sulfur compounds, selenium and magnesium oxide, lead monoxide and zinc oxide, organic peroxides and polyamines, P-quinonedioxime and P, P'-dibenzoylquinonedioxime. Examples thereof include oximes such as nitroso compounds such as P-dinitrosobenzidine, resins such as alkylphenol / formaldehyde resins and melamine / formaldehyde condensates, and ammonium salts such as ammonium benzoate.
[0013]
From the viewpoint of physical properties of the resulting vulcanized foam, a method in which sulfur and an organic peroxide having a 1-minute half-life temperature exceeding 160 ° C. are used in combination. As a result, after vulcanizing EPDM on the low temperature side of about 160 ° C with sulfur, the cross-linking treatment of ethylene / propylene rubber on the high temperature side of over 160 ° C with an organic peroxide with a 1 minute half-life temperature of over 160 ° C can do. When only the EPDM is vulcanized and the ethylene / propylene rubber is in an uncrosslinked state, the uncrosslinked portion is likely to be distorted, which is likely to cause a decrease in compression recovery.
[0014]
Any suitable organic peroxide having a 1 minute half-life temperature of more than 160 ° C. can be used.
In particular, from the viewpoint of treatment efficiency, for example, 1-minute half-life temperature such as dicumyl peroxide, dimethyldi (t-butylperoxy) hexane, bis (t-butylperoxyisopropyl) benzene is 200 ° C. or less, especially 170. An organic peroxide of ˜190 ° C. can be preferably used. The amount of the vulcanizing agent used can be appropriately determined according to the vulcanization efficiency based on the type. In general, 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, especially 0.5 to 5 parts by weight, is used per 100 parts by weight of EPDM.
[0015]
On the other hand, as the foaming agent, one or more appropriate ones can be used, and there is no particular limitation. Examples thereof include inorganic foaming agents such as ammonium carbonate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, ammonium nitrite, sodium borohydride and azides. Organic foaming agents such as fluorinated alkanes such as trichloromonofluoromethane and dichloromonofluoromethane, azo compounds such as azobisisobutyronitrile, azodicarboxylic acid amide (ADCA), and barium azodicarboxylate are also included. .
[0016]
Furthermore, hydrazine compounds such as p-toluenesulfonyl hydrazide, diphenylsulfone-3,3′-disulfonyl hydrazide, 4,4′-oxybis (benzenesulfonyl hydrazide), allyl bis (sulfonyl hydrazide), ρ-toluylene sulfonyl semicarbazide, 4, Semicarbazide compounds such as 4′-oxybis (benzenesulfonyl semicarbazide), triazole compounds such as 5-morpholyl-1,2,3,4-thiatriazole, N, N′-dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine and N, N ′ Organic foaming agents such as N-nitroso compounds such as dimethyl-N, N′-dinitrosoterephthalamide are also included.
[0017]
The foaming agent used may be heat-expandable fine particles in which a heat-expandable substance is enclosed in microcapsules. The thermally expandable fine particles include commercially available products such as microspheres (trade name, manufactured by Matsumoto Yushi Co., Ltd.). The amount of the foaming agent used can be appropriately determined according to the physical properties of the target vulcanized foam. In general, 0.1 to 100 parts by weight, especially 0.5 to 50 parts by weight, especially 1 to 30 parts by weight, of foaming agent is used per 100 parts by weight of EPDM.
[0018]
The admixture is prepared by mixing the blended components composed of EPDM, ethylene / propylene rubber, vulcanizing agent, foaming agent, and the like by an appropriate method such as a method of mixing via a kneader such as a kneader or a mixing roll. It can be carried out. At that time, a mixing method in which the temperature rises to such an extent that vulcanization proceeds is not preferable. Also, as described above, EPDM and ethylene / propylene rubber can be mixed separately and the mixture can be used for mixing with other compounding components.
[0019]
In preparing the admixture, an appropriate compounding agent according to the prior art can be added as necessary for the purpose of adjusting viscosity, vulcanizability, and adjusting physical properties such as strength of the resulting vulcanized foam. . Incidentally, for the purpose of promoting vulcanization, for example, one or more guanidines, thiazoles, sulfenamides, turums, dithiocarbamic acids, xanthogenic acids, aldehyde ammonias, aldehyde amines, thioureas and the like are added. Sulfur accelerators, and further vulcanization accelerators can be blended.
The amount of the vulcanization accelerator used is suitably 0.1 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of EPDM, but is not limited thereto.
[0020]
The admixture contains organic acids such as phthalic anhydride, benzoic acid, and salicylic acid, and amines such as N-nitroso-diphenylamine and N-nitroso-phenyl-β-naphthylamine for the purpose of controlling processability and moldability. One or two or more kinds of vulcanization retarders composed of a kind or the like can be blended to delay the vulcanization, contrary to the above vulcanization accelerator.
[0021]
For admixtures, for example, paraffins such as chlorinated paraffins and waxes, naphthenes, aromas, asphalts, dry oils such as linseed oil, animal and vegetable oils, petroleum One or more softeners or plastics comprising oils, various low-volume polymers, phthalates and phosphates, stearic acid and esters thereof, alkyl sulfonates and tackifiers An agent can also be added. Note that stearic acid and its esters are useful as a lubricant and the like, and therefore, examples of components in which various lubricants can be blended.
The blending amount of such a softener is generally 15 to 40 parts by weight, especially 20 to 35 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of EPDM.
[0022]
In addition, admixtures include foaming aids such as urea, salicylic acid and benzoic acid, talc and clay, calcium carbonate and mica powder, zinc white and bentonite, carbon black and silica, alumina and aluminum silicate, acetylene black, 1 of appropriate compounding agents such as fillers such as aluminum powder, flame retardants such as magnesium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide, silicic acid and salts thereof, anti-aging agents and antioxidants, pigments and coloring agents, and anti-mold agents A seed | species or 2 or more types can be added as needed. The zinc white is also useful as a stabilizer, and carbon black is useful as a reinforcing agent. Therefore, examples of components in which various stabilizers and reinforcing agents can be blended are listed.
[0023]
The formation of the EPDM vulcanized foam according to the present invention can be performed by heating the above-mentioned admixture and performing a vulcanization foaming treatment. It can also be molded, and the molded body can be heat-treated to obtain a vulcanized foam. In that case, the molded body may be molded into an arbitrary form by an appropriate method, and the form is not particularly limited. Therefore, the object of vulcanization and foaming treatment may be a mixture obtained by molding the admixture into a sheet or other form by an appropriate method such as a mixing roll, a calender roll, or extrusion molding, or through a predetermined mold. Further, it may be formed into a predetermined form having irregularities by an appropriate method such as injection molding or press molding.
[0024]
In the formation of a vulcanized foam having an irregular shape in the above, an unvulcanized sheet is placed on a mold having irregularities and heated, and the mixture forming the unvulcanized sheet flows into the irregularities of the mold. It is possible to adopt a method of vulcanizing and foaming. Such a method has an advantage that the concavo-convex shape can be accurately formed even in the case of a mold having a complex and deep concavo-convex structure. Therefore, the dimensions of the molded body are arbitrary and can be appropriately determined according to the form of the desired vulcanized foam. In the case of a sheet or the like, the thickness is generally 100 mm or less, in particular, 1 μm to 80 mm, particularly 10 μm to 50 mm.
[0025]
The vulcanization foaming treatment described above can be performed under appropriate conditions according to the prior art depending on the vulcanization start temperature, the vulcanization foaming temperature, and the like using the vulcanizing agent and the foaming agent used. A typical vulcanization foaming temperature is 450 ° C. or lower, especially 100 to 350 ° C., particularly 120 to 300 ° C. In general, the vulcanization and foaming treatment softens the admixture and expands the foaming agent to form a foam structure, and vulcanization proceeds to form the desired vulcanized foam. In that case, the foaming treatment and the vulcanization treatment can be performed under different temperature conditions, and appropriate treatment conditions can be taken. The vulcanization foaming treatment can also be performed under pressure for the purpose of adjusting the foaming ratio. The pressurizing condition can be based on the conventional one.
[0026]
The expansion ratio (density ratio before and after vulcanization foaming) of the vulcanized foam to be formed can be appropriately determined according to the purpose of use. Generally, it is 10 times or more, particularly 12 to 20 times, from the point of taking advantage of high foaming by using EPDM having a high diene content. The expansion ratio can be controlled by the blending amount of the above-mentioned foaming agent, the treatment time and temperature of vulcanization foaming, and the like. In addition, the foam structure such as independence or continuity of the vulcanized foam obtained by adjusting the foaming ratio, or a mixture thereof can be controlled.
[0027]
The EPDM vulcanized foam according to the present invention is preferably used in various conventional applications such as cushion materials, pad materials, sealing materials for various purposes such as airtightness and waterproofing, heat insulation and soundproofing, and vibration reducing materials. it can. In particular, as a vulcanized foam that is highly foamed and flexible due to the use of EPDM with a high diene content, as a sealing material that is applied to parts including parts that are not flat such as steps, etc. It can be preferably used.
[0028]
【Example】
Example 1
70 parts by weight of EPDM consisting of an ethylene / propylene / 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene copolymer having a diene content of 9.5% by weight (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Esprene 505A: ethylene content 50% by weight). , And 30 parts of ethylene / propylene rubber (Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Esprene 201: ethylene content 49% by weight) for 10 minutes with a Banbury mixer, and 10 parts of carbon black (Asahi Carbon Co., Ltd., Asahi Carbon # 50), 5 parts of zinc oxide (Mitsui Kinzoku Kogyo Co., Ltd., 2 types of zinc oxide), 2 parts of powdered stearic acid (Nippon Yushi Co., Ltd.), 30 parts of process oil (Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd., Diana Process PW-90), heavy calcium carbonate Add 100 parts (manufactured by Maruo Calcium Co.) and 30 parts aluminum hydroxide (manufactured by Showa Denko KK, Heidi Lai H-42) After an additional 8 minutes kneading Te was sheeted by Ri scoured in a mixing roll.
[0029]
Next, 100 parts of the admixture by sheeting, 0.5 parts of sulfur (manufactured by Hosoi Chemical Co., Ltd., differential sulfur), organic peroxide (manufactured by NOF Corporation, Perhexa V-40: 1 minute half-life temperature 166 ° C.) 3.0 parts, 1.0 part of thiazole vulcanization accelerator (manufactured by Ouchi Shinsei Chemical Co., Noxeller M), 0.6 part of a dithiocarbamate foaming agent (manufactured by Ouchi Shinsei Chemical Co., Ltd., Noxeller EZ), dithiocarbamine 0.6 parts of an acid salt foaming agent (Ouchi Shinsei Chemical Co., Noxeller PZ), 12 parts of ADCA (manufactured by Eiwa Kasei Co., Ltd., VINYHALL AC # LQ), and urea (manufactured by Eiwa Kasei Co., Ltd., cell paste K-5 : Foaming aid) 3 parts were added and kneaded with a mixing roll to obtain an admixture, which was then molded with an extruder to form an unvulcanized sheet having a thickness of 4.5 mm and a width of 150 mm. Preheat for 20 minutes at ℃ and then increase to 160 ℃ over 15 minutes The temperature was raised and heated at that temperature for 15 minutes to vulcanize and foam, and then heated at 180 ° C. for 70 minutes to obtain a vulcanized foam sheet having a foaming ratio of 12 times.
[0030]
Example 2
According to Example 1, except that the use ratio of EPDM and ethylene / propylene rubber was the same amount of 50 parts each, the use amount of sulfur was 1.0 part, and the use amount of organic peroxide was 5.0 parts. Thus, a vulcanized foam sheet having an expansion ratio of 12 was obtained.
[0031]
Comparative Example 1
EPDM is used in 100 parts and no ethylene / propylene rubber is added, and carbon black is 10 parts, zinc oxide is 5 parts, powdered stearic acid is 2 parts, process oil is 30 parts, heavy calcium carbonate is 100 parts, and aluminum hydroxide. Add 30 parts, knead with Banbury mixer for 10 minutes, then scour with mixing roll to make sheet, 100 parts of blend with 0.5 parts sulfur, 0.5 part thiazole vulcanization accelerator, dithiocarbamate 0.6 parts foaming agent, 12 parts ADCA and 3 parts urea were kneaded with a mixing roll to obtain an admixture, which was molded into an unvulcanized sheet with an extruder, and in accordance with Example 1, the expansion ratio Obtained 12 times vulcanized foam sheet.
[0032]
Comparative Example 2
Ethylene / propylene containing 100 parts of EPDM consisting of an ethylene / propylene / 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene copolymer (Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Esprene 501A: ethylene content 52% by weight) having a diene content of 4% by weight. Add 10 parts of carbon black, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 2 parts of powdered stearic acid, 30 parts of process oil, 100 parts of heavy calcium carbonate, and 30 parts of aluminum hydroxide, and knead in a Banbury mixer for 10 minutes. After scouring with a mixing roll to form a sheet, 100 parts of the mixture, 1.5 parts sulfur, 1.0 part thiazole vulcanization accelerator, 2.0 parts dithiocarbamate foaming agent, 12 parts ADCA, and 3 parts of urea was added and kneaded with a mixing roll to obtain a mixture, which was then unvulcanized with an extruder according to Example 1. And pre-heated in a dryer at 100 ° C. for 25 minutes, then heated to 160 ° C. over 15 minutes, heated at that temperature for 15 minutes, vulcanized and foamed, and then at 180 ° C. for 70 minutes. By heating, a vulcanized foam sheet having an expansion ratio of 10 was obtained.
[0033]
The weather resistance (Daipura Plastics Co., Ltd., die plastic metal weather) was examined for the vulcanized foam sheets obtained in the evaluation test examples and comparative examples. The test was performed by slicing a sheet to a thickness of 10 mm and punching it with a dumbbell No. 1 for tensile test according to JIS K 6251. The sample was light energy 68.0 mW / cm 2 at 83 ° C. and 50% RH for 8 hours. After repeating the exposure for 4 cycles at 30 ° C. and 98% RH for 4 cycles, a tensile test was conducted in accordance with JIS K 6251, and the elongation percentage was determined from the elongation at that time by the following formula.
Residual elongation (%) = (Elongation after exposure / Elongation before exposure) × 100
[0034]
With respect to the vulcanized foam sheets obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples, thermal compression set was examined using a compression set tester according to JIS K 6262. In the test, a sample having a diameter of 29 mm and a thickness of 10 ± 0.15 mm was arranged between parallel metal plates, and the parallel metal plates were bolted and fixed via a spacer having a thickness of 5 mm (sample compression rate of 50%). After leaving it in a constant temperature bath at 100 ° C. for 22 hours, the sample is taken out between the parallel metal plates and allowed to cool at room temperature for 30 minutes, and the thickness of the sample at that time is measured with a thickness measuring instrument according to JIS K 6262. The thermal compression set (CS) was calculated according to the following formula.
CS (%) = (Thickness before test−Thickness after test) / (Thickness before test−Spacer thickness) × 100
[0035]
The results are shown in the following table.
Figure 0004554059
[0036]
From the table, it can be seen that in Examples 1 and 2 in which ethylene / propylene rubber was used in combination, the residual elongation rate after exposure to a weather meter was excellent and the thermal compression set was small compared to Comparative Example 1 in which ethylene rubber was not used. From this, it can be seen that the weather resistance and heat resistance almost comparable to those of Comparative Example 2 having a low diene content were achieved in the Examples, and a higher expansion ratio was achieved than Comparative Example 2.

Claims (2)

ジエン含量が8〜20重量%のEPDMと、10〜50重量%のエチレン・プロピレンゴムとの混合物からなるゴム成分の加硫発泡体からなることを特徴とするEPDM系加硫発泡体。And a diene content of from 8 to 20% by weight EPDM, characterized by comprising the vulcanized foam rubber component consisting of a mixture of 1 0 to 50 wt% of ethylene-propylene rubber, EPDM-based vulcanized foam. 請求項1において、EPDMがエチレン・α−オレフィン・5−エチリデン−2−ノルボルネン共重合体であり、硫黄と1分半減期温度が160℃超の有機過酸化物とで加硫処理したものであるEPDM系加硫発泡体。  In Claim 1, EPDM is an ethylene / α-olefin / 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene copolymer, which is vulcanized with sulfur and an organic peroxide having a 1-minute half-life temperature of more than 160 ° C. An EPDM vulcanized foam.
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