JP4553961B2 - Energy supply system, energy type selection server, and energy supply method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an energy supply system for supplying various energy such as electric power and gas to a consumer, and in particular, energy for comprehensively optimizing energy to be supplied to a consumer in consideration of parameters such as cost. The present invention relates to a supply system, an energy type selection server, and an energy supply method.

  Various types of energy such as electric power and gas are supplied to energy consumers (individual homes, apartment houses, business establishments, factories, etc.). In general, consumers contract energy suppliers for each energy type. Received supply. And in order to conclude an energy supply contract, considering the unit price for each type of energy, a combination of energy types that is the cheapest for the consumer is selected.

  Here, an example of a conventional energy supply system that supplies electric power as energy will be described with reference to FIG. The illustrated consumer 11 purchases electric power (hereinafter referred to as “electricity A”) from a general electric utility through the electric power line 12, and installs a fuel cell 13 to obtain electric power (hereinafter referred to as “electricity D”) from the fuel cell 13. Assume that the supply is received. It is assumed that surplus power at the consumer 11 is sold to a general electric utility.

  In the illustrated energy supply system, gas is supplied to the fuel cell 13 from the gas pipe 14, power is generated using this gas as fuel, and electric power is supplied to the lamp line 12. As a result, the electric power supplied to the consumer 11 is electricity A + electricity D, and when electric power used <electricity D, electricity B is sold to a general electric utility.

  Accordingly, the consumer 11 pays (general charge for electricity A-charge for electricity B) to the general electric utility as an electric charge, and pays a charge related to the amount of gas used to the gas company as a gas charge. The sum of electricity and gas charges is the total energy cost. And the consumer 11 determines the usage-amount of electric power and gas in consideration of an electricity bill unit price and a gas bill unit price so that a total energy cost may become the cheapest.

  On the other hand, in order to supply power according to the needs of customers, the demand power of customers is predicted, the operating conditions within the customer premises are determined, and each device is controlled and operated through the monitoring and control device of each customer. In addition, there is one that calculates and outputs a charge according to the amount of power used based on each power data (see Patent Document 1).

  Furthermore, in order to save energy and reduce costs for energy such as electricity, gas, water, and oil, data analysis is performed on energy information sent from remote users, and the operation method and contract type most suitable for energy saving. Is automatically identified and fed back, and past actual values are entered in advance, and the energy-saving target value is updated daily, so that the cumulative value for the target value is displayed as an energy amount or amount. (See Patent Document 2).

As a power supply management system for multiple dwelling houses, electricity charges are collected according to the amount of power consumed by collecting electricity data for each exclusive part from watt-hour meters installed in each part of the building. Is calculated, and when the predicted demand is predicted to exceed the contract level, there is a power supply switching control for receiving power supply from the auxiliary power supply (see Patent Document 3).
JP 2003-134665 A JP 2003-50626 A JP 2006-158146 A

  By the way, in the power supply system described with reference to FIG. 10, the customer himself considers the combination of energy that is the cheapest and contracts with the supplier for each energy. Even when the unit price changes, it cannot be immediately reflected in the contract, and when considering the energy combination that is the cheapest, the more complicated the energy types, the more complicated the study becomes.

  Furthermore, in the power supply system described with reference to FIG. 10, when the total power generated by the fuel cell and the received power exceeds the used power (when the possible power generated by the fuel cell is greater than the used power), Although the energy cost can be substantially reduced, it is difficult to appropriately manage the total energy cost according to the unit price of the energy type.

  On the other hand, in Patent Document 1, although the operation conditions in the customer premises are determined based on the demand power prediction of the consumer and each device is controlled, the operation conditions of each device are determined based on the power demand prediction. However, there is a problem that it is difficult to reduce the total energy cost.

  In Patent Document 2, it is possible to reduce the total energy cost only by determining the operation method of the apparatus most suitable for energy saving for each energy type such as electricity, gas, water, and oil. There is a problem that it is difficult.

  In Patent Document 3, when the predicted demand is predicted to exceed the contract level, the power supply switching control for receiving power supply from the auxiliary power supply is performed. However, the total energy cost is reduced for a plurality of energy types. No consideration has been paid.

  In any case, in the conventional energy supply system, when the unit price of energy changes frequently, it is difficult to comprehensively optimize energy, such as reducing the total energy cost for the entire energy type. There are challenges.

  Therefore, the present invention provides an energy supply system, an energy type selection server, and an energy supply method capable of comprehensively optimizing energy, such as always reducing the total energy cost in a customer using a plurality of energy types. The purpose is to provide.

(1) According to the present invention, a power generation facility installed near a consumer that generates power using one or more energy types selected from a plurality of energy types for power generation facilities, and a power generated by the power generation facility and received by the customer Optimum to select one or more energy as a selected energy according to the demand of the consumer from a plurality of energy types including the generated power to be received and the received power to be received by the consumer from the power supplied from the electric utility And a supply means for supplying the selected energy to the consumer, wherein the optimization control device uses the received power costs or carbon dioxide emissions when the plurality of energy types are used. Collect data in real time to calculate the amount and cost of the generated power or carbon dioxide emissions, and based on the data Collecting / calculating means for calculating the cost of received electric power or the amount of carbon dioxide emission, and the cost of generated power or the amount of carbon dioxide emission, the cost priority mode for reducing the cost borne by the consumer, and the consumer Of the environmental load reduction mode to reduce the carbon dioxide emissions that occur, according to the mode selected by the consumer, the real-time cost or the carbon dioxide emissions calculated by the collection and calculation means as a parameter, Without predicting load fluctuations of the selected energy, a selection unit that selects a combination of energy types based on the parameter to be the selected energy, and controls the power generation equipment based on a selection result of the selection unit And an energy supply system.

According to the energy supply system of (1), on the premise of a power generation facility that generates power using one or more energy types selected from a plurality of energy types for power generation facilities , energy can be predicted without predicting a load fluctuation of the selected energy. Data for calculating the unit price for each type was collected in real time, and the combination of energy types was selected so that the total cost would be the lowest from this unit price. Combinations can be provided.

  In addition, the cost priority mode for reducing the cost burdened by the consumer and the environmental load reduction mode for reducing the carbon dioxide emission generated by the consumer, the cost or the carbon dioxide emission amount is selected according to the mode selected by the consumer. Since a combination of energy types is selected as a selected energy based on this parameter, it is possible to provide an inexpensive combination of energy while selecting a mode desired by the consumer.

(2) The present invention is characterized in that, in the energy supply system of (1), the power generation facility includes a multiple fuel power generation apparatus to which a plurality of types of fuel are selectively supplied.

(3) The present invention is the energy supply system according to (1) or (2), wherein the selection unit uses the cost of the received power or the carbon dioxide emission when the plurality of types of energy are used, and Of the cost of generated power or carbon dioxide emissions, select the energy type with the lowest cost or the lowest carbon dioxide emission as the selected energy, and only the energy type with the lowest cost or the lowest carbon dioxide emissions If it is determined whether or not the demand of the consumer can be covered, and it is determined that the demand cannot be covered, an energy type with a low cost or a low carbon dioxide emission amount is selected as the selected energy until the demand of the consumer can be covered. It is characterized by that.

(4) The present invention is the energy supply system according to (3), wherein the power generation facility includes a single fuel power generation device to which a single type of fuel is supplied, and the collection / calculation means includes the plurality of types Collecting data for calculating the received power cost or carbon dioxide emission amount and the generated power cost or carbon dioxide emission amount in real time when using the single fuel and the single type of fuel. The selection means is configured to calculate a cost of the received power or a carbon dioxide emission amount, and a cost of the generated power or a carbon dioxide emission amount when the plurality of types of fuel and the single type of fuel are used. Among them, the energy type with the lowest cost or the lowest carbon dioxide emission is selected as the selected energy, and the lowest cost or the carbon dioxide emission is selected. It is determined whether or not the demand of the consumer can be covered with only the least energy type, and if it is determined that the demand cannot be covered, the energy type is gradually reduced in cost or the amount of carbon dioxide emission is low until the demand of the consumer is covered Is selected as the selection energy.

(5) According to the present invention, in the energy supply system according to any one of (1) to (4), when the unit price of the received power is not the lowest unit price , the optimization control device is configured to receive the received power and the generated power. A comparison means for comparing the demand power that is the sum of the power and the generated power, and if the demand power is equal to or greater than the generated power, the fuel of the type with the lowest power generation unit price among the types of fuel is generated. And a fuel supply means for supplying the equipment.

(6) The present invention provides the energy supply system according to any one of (1) to (4) , wherein the collection / calculation means collects a power selling unit price when power is sold to an electricity purchaser , The optimization control device is configured to compare the demand power, which is a sum of the received power and the generated power, with the generated power, and the demand power when the unit price of the received power is not the lowest unit price. When power is the generator power or more, and a fuel supply means for supplying fuel of the types of cheapest generation cost of fuel in the type power generation equipment, the control means, according to the unit price for each fuel in the type The power generation unit price is compared with the power sale unit price, and if the power generation unit price for each type of fuel is higher than the power sale unit price, the output of the power generation facility is reduced.

(7) According to the present invention, in the energy supply system according to any one of (1) to (4) , the collection / calculation unit also collects a power sale unit price when power is sold to an electricity purchaser . the control unit, and controls the power generation facilities in response to the power selling unit price.

(8) The present invention, in any one of the energy supply system (1) to (4), wherein the optimization controller monitors the operation state of the equipment supplying the selected energy, depending on the operating conditions Monitoring means for updating the drive efficiency of the equipment, and the selection means selects a combination of energy types that has the lowest total cost with reference to the drive efficiency among the combinations of energy types. It is characterized by.

(9) According to the present invention, in the energy supply system according to any one of (1) to (8) , the collection / calculation unit collects data for calculating a cost of the energy via a network. It is characterized by that.

(10) The present invention, in any one of the energy supply system (1) to (4), the optimization control apparatus, when carbon dioxide emissions of the received power is not the least amount of the reception power and and demand power is sum of the generated power, and comparing means for comparing, and the generated power, when the power demand is in the power generation power or more, most of carbon dioxide emissions of the fuel of the type is rather small And a fuel supply means for supplying the type of fuel to the power generation facility.

(11) The present invention, in any one of the energy supply system (1) to (4), wherein the optimization controller monitors the operation state of the equipment supplying the selected energy, depending on the operating conditions Monitoring means for updating the driving efficiency of the equipment, and the selecting means refers to the combination of the energy types, and also refers to the driving efficiency to determine the combination of energy types having the smallest total carbon dioxide emissions. It is characterized by selecting.

(12) In the energy supply system according to any one of (1) to (4) or (10) to (11) , the collection / calculation unit may calculate the carbon dioxide emission amount of the energy . Data is collected via a network.

(13) The present invention provides power generation generated by a power generation facility that is installed in the vicinity of a consumer and that generates power according to one or more energy types selected from a plurality of energy types for power generation facilities and is received by the consumer, and Selecting one or more energies as selected energy according to the demand of the consumer from a plurality of energy types including the received power that the consumer receives the power supplied from the electric power company, and selecting the selected energy An energy type selection server used when supplying to a consumer, wherein the received power cost or carbon dioxide emission amount and the generated power cost or carbon dioxide emission when the plurality of energy types are used Data for calculating the amount is collected in real time, and the received power is calculated based on the data. Collection or calculation means for calculating the cost of the strike or carbon dioxide, the cost of the generated power or the carbon dioxide emission, the cost priority mode for reducing the cost borne by the consumer, and the carbon dioxide emission generated by the consumer In accordance with the mode selected by the consumer among the environmental load reduction modes for reducing the load, the real-time cost or the carbon dioxide emission amount calculated by the collection / calculation means is used as a parameter, and the load fluctuation of the selected energy A selection unit that selects a combination of energy types based on the parameters and makes the selected energy without prediction, and a control unit that controls the power generation facility based on a selection result of the selection unit This is an energy type selection server.

(14) The present invention is characterized in that, in the energy type selection server of (13), the power generation facility includes a multiple fuel power generation apparatus to which a plurality of types of fuel are selectively supplied.

(15) The present invention is the energy type selection server according to (13) or (14) , wherein the selection unit uses the received power costs or carbon dioxide emissions when the plurality of types of energy is used. And the energy type having the lowest cost or the lowest carbon dioxide emission among the costs of the generated power or the carbon dioxide emission, and selecting the energy type having the lowest cost or the lowest carbon dioxide emission. It is determined whether or not the demand of the consumer can be covered only, and if it is determined that the demand cannot be covered, an energy type with a low cost or a low carbon dioxide emission amount is selected as the selected energy until the demand of the consumer can be covered It is characterized by doing .

(16) In the energy type selection server according to (15) , the power generation facility includes a single fuel power generation apparatus to which a single type of fuel is supplied, and the collection / calculation unit includes the plurality of collection / calculation means Collecting data for calculating the received power cost or carbon dioxide emission amount and the generated power cost or carbon dioxide emission amount in real time when using a single type of fuel and the single type of fuel. The selection means uses the plurality of types of fuel and the single type of fuel when the received power cost or carbon dioxide emission amount, and the generated power cost or carbon dioxide emission amount, respectively. Among them, the energy type having the lowest cost or the least carbon dioxide emission is selected as the selected energy, and the lowest cost or the carbon dioxide is selected. It is determined whether or not the demand of the consumer can be covered with only the energy type with the smallest emission amount. The energy type is selected as the selected energy .

(17) In the energy type selection server according to any one of (13) to (16), the present invention provides a demand that is the sum of the received power and the generated power when the unit price of the received power is not the lowest unit price. Comparing means for comparing electric power with the generated electric power, and a fuel supply for supplying, to the electric power generation facility, a fuel of a type of the lowest electric power generation unit price among the types of fuel when the demand electric power is equal to or higher than the generated electric power Means.

(18) According to the present invention, in the energy type selection server according to any one of (13) to (16), the collection / calculation unit collects a power selling unit price when power is sold to an electricity purchaser. The energy type selection server is configured to compare the demand power, which is the sum of the received power and the generated power, with the generated power, and when the unit price of the received power is not the lowest unit price, A fuel supply means for supplying to the power generation facility a fuel of the type of the lowest power generation unit price among the types of fuel when the demand power is equal to or greater than the generated power, and the control means is a unit price for each type of fuel Compared with the unit price of power generation and the unit price of power sale, if the unit price of power generation for each type of fuel is higher than the unit price of power sale, the output of the power generation facility is reduced.

(19) In the present invention, in the energy type selection server according to any one of (13) to (16), the collection / calculation unit also collects a power selling unit price when power is sold to an electricity purchaser. , the control unit, and controls the power generation facilities in response to the power selling unit price.

(20) The present invention, in any one of the energy classification selection server from (13) (16), monitors the operation state of the equipment supplying the selected energy, driving efficiency of the equipment in accordance with the operating conditions Monitoring means, and the selection means selects a combination of energy types with the lowest total cost with reference to the driving efficiency among the combinations of energy types.

(21) According to the present invention, in the energy type selection server according to any one of (13) to (20), the collection / calculation unit collects data for calculating the cost of the energy via a network. It is characterized by that.

(22) In the energy type selection server according to any one of (13) to (16), the present invention provides a sum of the received power and the generated power when the carbon dioxide emission amount of the received power is not the smallest amount. wherein the demand power, comparing means for comparing, and the generated power, when the power demand is in the generated power above, the fuel most carbon footprint small Kunar type of fuel of the type is And a fuel supply means for supplying power to the power generation facility.

(23) The present invention, in any one of the energy classification selection server from (13) (16), monitors the operation state of the equipment supplying the selected energy, driving efficiency of the equipment in accordance with the operating conditions Monitoring means, and the selection means selects a combination of energy types having the smallest total total carbon dioxide emissions with reference to the driving efficiency among the combinations of energy types. To do.

(24) The present invention, in any one of the energy classification selection server from the (13) (16) or (22) (23), the collection and calculation means for calculating the carbon footprint of the energy The data is collected via a network.

(25) The present invention provides power generated by a power generation facility that is installed near a consumer and that generates power according to one or more energy types selected from a plurality of energy types for power generation facilities, and is received by the consumer, and Selecting one or more energies as selected energy according to the demand of the consumer from a plurality of energy types including the received power that the consumer receives the power supplied from the electric power company, and selecting the selected energy An energy supply method used when supplying to a consumer, wherein the received power cost or carbon dioxide emission amount and the generated power cost or carbon dioxide emission amount when the plurality of energy types are used Collect data in real time to calculate the cost of each received power based on the data Is a collection / calculation step for calculating the carbon dioxide emission, the cost of the generated power or the carbon dioxide emission, the cost priority mode for reducing the cost borne by the consumer, and the carbon dioxide emission generated by the consumer. Of the environmental load reduction modes to be reduced, according to the mode selected by the customer, the real-time cost or the carbon dioxide emission amount calculated by the collection / calculation step is used as a parameter, and the load fluctuation of the selected energy is changed. A selection step of selecting a combination of energy types based on the parameter and making the selection energy without prediction, and a control step of controlling the power generation facility based on a selection result of the selection step. It is the energy supply method characterized by these.

(26) The energy supply method according to (25), wherein the power generation facility includes a multiple fuel power generation apparatus to which a plurality of types of fuel are selectively supplied.

(27) In the energy supply method according to (25) or (26), in the present invention, the selection step includes a cost of each received power or a carbon dioxide emission amount when the plurality of types of energy are used, and Of the cost of generated power or carbon dioxide emissions, select the energy type with the lowest cost or the lowest carbon dioxide emission as the selected energy, and only the energy type with the lowest cost or the lowest carbon dioxide emissions If it is determined whether or not the demand of the customer can be covered, and it is determined that the demand cannot be covered, the energy type having a low cost or a low carbon dioxide emission amount is selected as the selected energy until the demand of the consumer is covered. It is characterized by that.

(28) In the energy supply method according to (27), the power generation facility includes a single fuel power generation apparatus to which a single type of fuel is supplied, and the collection and calculation step includes the plurality of types. Collecting data for calculating the received power cost or carbon dioxide emission amount and the generated power cost or carbon dioxide emission amount in real time when using the single fuel and the single type of fuel. In the selection step, the received power cost or carbon dioxide emission amount and the generated power cost or carbon dioxide emission amount when the plurality of types of fuel and the single type of fuel are used. Among them, the energy type with the lowest cost or the lowest carbon dioxide emission is selected as the selected energy, and the lowest cost or the carbon dioxide is selected. It is determined whether or not the demand of the consumer can be covered with only the energy type with the smallest amount of elementary emissions. A feature is that a small energy type is selected as the selected energy.

(29) In the energy supply method according to any one of (25) to (28), the present invention provides a demand power that is a sum of the received power and the generated power when the unit price of the received power is not the lowest unit price. And a comparison step for comparing the generated power, and a fuel supply step for supplying, to the power generation facility, a fuel of a type with the lowest unit price of power generation among the types of fuel when the demand power is equal to or greater than the generated power It is characterized by providing.

(30) In the energy supply method according to any one of (25) to (28), the collection / calculation step collects a power selling unit price when power is sold to an electricity purchaser . In the energy supply method, the demand power that is the sum of the received power and the generated power is compared with the generated power, and when the unit price of the received power is not the lowest unit price, the demand power If there is the generator power or more, and a fuel supply step of supplying the power plant fuel type cheapest generation cost of fuel in the type, the control step, the power generation by the unit price for each of the fuel of the type Comparing the unit price with the unit price for power sale, if the unit price for power generation by the unit price for each type of fuel is higher than the unit price for power sale, the output of the power generation facility is reduced.

(31) According to the present invention, in the energy supply method according to any one of (25) to (28), the collecting / calculating step also collects a power selling unit price when power is sold to an electricity purchaser . the control step, and controls the power generation facilities in response to the power selling unit price.

(32) The present invention, in any one of the energy supply method (25) from (28), monitors the operation state of the equipment for supplying the selecting energy, the driving efficiency of the equipment in accordance with the operating conditions A monitoring step of updating, wherein the selecting step selects a combination of energy types that makes the total cost the lowest, with reference to the driving efficiency, among the combinations of the energy types.

(33) In the energy supply method according to any one of (25) to (32), the collection / calculation step may collect data for calculating the cost of the energy via a network. It is characterized by that.

(34) In the energy supply method according to any one of (25) to (28), the present invention provides a sum of the received power and the generated power when the amount of carbon dioxide emission of the received power is not the smallest. and some demand power, a comparison step of comparing, said generated power, when the power demand is in the generated power or the power generation fuel most carbon footprint small Kunar type of fuel in the type And a fuel supply step for supplying the equipment.

(35) The present invention, in any one of the energy supply method (25) from (28), monitors the operation state of the equipment for supplying the selecting energy, the driving efficiency of the equipment in accordance with the operating conditions A monitoring step of updating, wherein the selecting step selects a combination of energy types having the smallest total total carbon dioxide emission amount with reference to the driving efficiency among the combinations of the energy types. .

(36) In the energy supply method according to any one of (25) to (28) or (34) to (35) , the collection / calculation step is for calculating the carbon dioxide emission amount of the energy . Data is collected via a network.

As described above, according to the present invention, based on the parameters for selecting the energy type according to the needs of the consumer, the combination of energy types can be calculated without predicting the future burden energy that the consumer will bear in the future. Since it is selected, there is an effect that it is possible to provide an inexpensive combination of energy while selecting the energy desired by the consumer, and in addition, data for calculating the unit price for each energy type is real-time. If the energy combination to be supplied to the consumer is determined according to the unit price collected from the data and calculated from this data , the total energy cost can always be made the lowest.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, referring to FIG. 1, here, it is assumed that the customer 21 uses electric power (commercial power supply) and gas as energy types, and the gas types include LP gas and natural gas (that is, energy). Types include power (commercial power), LP gas, and natural gas).

  The consumer 21 uses a fuel cell which is a kind of generator, and in the illustrated example, it is assumed that two fuel cells 22 and 51 are used (the consumer 21 has at least one fuel cell). Use batteries). In the illustrated example, LP gas and natural gas are selectively supplied to the fuel cell 22 via first and second gas pipes 23 and 24. Similarly, LP gas and natural gas are selectively supplied to the fuel cell 51 via the first and second gas pipes 23 and 24. Note that ethanol, methanol, hydrogen, or the like may be selectively supplied to the fuel cells 22 and 51 as energy.

  The customer 21 has, for example, a load (electric load) of X kW, and the customer 21 is supplied with electric power from the electric power company (electric power company) via the power line 25. Further, the fuel cells 22 and 51 The electric power generated at is supplied to the power line 25. Here, the power generation amount of the fuel cell 22 is controlled in the range of 0 to pkW (the power generation efficiency is c (yen / kW)), and the fuel cell 51 can control the power generation amount in the range of 0 to qkW. (Power generation efficiency is d (yen / kW)).

  On the input side of the fuel cell 22, the first gas pipe 23 is provided with a cutoff device 26 and a gas measuring instrument (gas flow meter) 27, and the second gas pipe 24 is provided with a cutoff device 28 and a gas measuring instrument. 29 is provided. The output side of the fuel cell 22 is provided with a circuit breaker 30 and a power meter (such as a watt hour meter) 31, and the output line of the fuel cell 22 is connected to the power line 25 at the subsequent stage of the power meter 31. (The connection point is represented by reference numeral 32). It should be noted that a circuit breaker is used to interrupt the electric system, and a circuit breaker is used to interrupt the gas system.

  Similarly, on the input side of the fuel cell 51, the first gas pipe 23 is provided with a shut-off device 55 and a gas measuring instrument (gas flow meter) 54, and the second gas pipe 24 is provided with a shut-off device 53 and A gas meter 52 is provided. The output side of the fuel cell 51 is provided with a circuit breaker 58 and a power meter (such as a watt hour meter) 57, and the output line of the fuel cell 51 is connected to the power line 25 at a subsequent stage of the power meter 57. (A connection point is denoted by reference numeral 59).

  On the downstream side of the connection point 32, a power meter 33 is disposed on the power line 25, and power is supplied to the customer 21 via the power meter 33. In addition, a power meter 56 is disposed on the power line 25 on the upstream side of the connection point 59. An optimization controller (microcomputer (energy type selection server)) 34 is connected to the power meters 33 and 56. Further, the received power (demand power + generated power-power sold power) or the like may be measured by installing a measuring instrument for directly measuring the received power or the like at the position of the power measuring instrument 56 shown in FIG. .

  Further, gas measuring instruments 27, 29, 52 and 54 and power measuring instruments 31 and 57 are connected to the optimization control device 34. In the following description, the power measured by the power meter 33 may be referred to as demand power, and the power measured by the power meters 31 and 57 may be referred to as first and second generated power, respectively. Further, the gas flow rates measured by the gas measuring instruments 27 and 29 are referred to as the first LP gas flow rate and the first natural gas flow rate, respectively, and the gas flow rates measured by the gas measuring instruments 54 and 52 are respectively set to the second LP gas flow rate. It may be referred to as the gas flow rate and the second natural gas flow rate.

  Referring to FIG. 2, the optimization control device 34 includes a communication control unit 41, a storage unit 42, first to fourth power metering units 43a to 43d, first to fourth gas metering units 44a to 44d, and cost calculation. Unit 45, shut-off control unit 46, fuel cell (generator) control unit 47, and billing charge calculation unit 48. Collect the unit price in real time from the site that distributes the unit price (for example, collect it at a predetermined time every day).

  The optimization control device 34 is installed by, for example, an electric power company or a service provider of this system, and this installation company charges the supplier for each energy type as a service provider. The optimization control device 34 may directly access the Internet and collect unit price data, etc., but the optimization control device 34 communicates with, for example, a service provider's center server, and the center server supplies each energy supplier. The fluctuation value of the energy unit price may be automatically collected (crawled) periodically from an information source such as a web page, and data may be transmitted to the optimization controller 34.

  Here, referring to FIG. 3 as well, as described above, the communication control unit 41, for example, for each energy type at a predetermined time every day, receives a received electricity unit price (yen / kWh or yen / kW), and sold electricity unit price. (Yen / kWh or Yen / kW), LP gas unit price (yen / liter), and natural gas unit price (yen / liter) are collected and stored as energy unit price in the storage unit 42 (this energy unit price is updated daily). For example, the energy unit price may be collected every hour, and the energy unit price collection interval can be set as appropriate). Further, the power generation efficiencies of the fuel cells 22 and 51 are updated based on the power generation results and stored in the storage unit 42.

  For example, as shown by a broken line block in FIG. 2, the monitor unit 100 may be provided. In this case, the outputs of the first to fourth gas meter reading units 44 a to 44 d and the first and fourth powers. The outputs of the meter reading units 43a and 43d are given to the monitor unit 100, whereby the monitor unit 100 constantly monitors the operating state of the fuel cells 22 and 51. Then, the monitor unit 100 updates the power generation efficiency of each fuel cell 22 and 51 according to the monitored operating state and stores the result in the storage unit 42.

  The first power meter reading unit 43a receives the first generated power p, A / D-converts it, and gives it to the cost calculation unit 45. Similarly, the second power meter reading unit 43b receives the demand power (load) X, performs A / D conversion, and gives it to the cost calculation unit 45. Then, the third power meter reading unit 43c receives the electric power sold and applies it to the cost calculation unit 45 after A / D conversion. The fourth power meter 43d receives the second generated power q, A / D converts it, and gives it to the cost calculator 45. Further, the first, second, third, and fourth gas metering portions 44a, 44b, 44c, and 44d are respectively provided with a first LP gas flow rate, a first natural gas flow rate, a second LP gas flow rate, and The second natural gas flow rate is received, A / D converted, and then supplied to the cost calculation unit 45.

  In the cost calculation unit 45, the output efficiencies (output unit prices) c ′ and d ′ (yen / kW) of the fuel cells 22 and 51 are set based on the power generation performance (this power generation efficiency is updated based on the power generation performance). ). Now, let c ′ and d ′ be the power generation efficiencies when the outputs of the fuel cells 22 and 51 are p ′ (kW) and q ′ (kW), respectively. Further, it is assumed that the amount of power received is A (kW), the unit price is a (yen / kW), the amount of power sold is B (kW), and the unit price is b (yen / kW). The cost calculation unit 45 determines whether or not X ≧ (p + q) (step S1). If X ≧ (p + q), it is determined that there is no power sale, and the power receiving unit price a and the power generation unit prices c ′ and d ′. Are compared (step S2).

  The load X is expressed as X = A + p ′ + q ′, and when X ≧ (p + q), the total cost Y (yen) is expressed as Y = a × A + c ′ × p ′ + d ′ × q ′. Can do. If a ≦ c ′, d ′ in step S <b> 2, the cost calculation unit 45 determines that power purchase is cheaper than power generation, and the fuel cell control unit 47 stops the fuel cells 22 and 51. That is, X = A and Y = a × A = a × X (step S3).

  In step S2, if c ′ ≧ a ≧ d ′, the cost calculation unit 45 assumes that the power generation by the fuel cell 51 is cheaper than the power purchase and the power generation by the fuel cell 22 is higher than the power purchase. The fuel cell 22 is stopped by the unit 47 and the fuel cell 51 is generated up to q. That is, X = q + A and Y = d × q + a × A are set (step S4).

  In step S2, if d ′ ≧ a ≧ c ′, the cost calculation unit 45 assumes that the power generation by the fuel cell 22 is cheaper than the power purchase, and the power generation by the fuel cell 51 is higher than the power purchase. To stop the fuel cell 51 and generate power up to p. That is, X = p + A and Y = c × p + a × A are set (step S5).

  In step S2, if a> d ′, c ′, the cost calculation unit 45 assumes that the power generation is cheaper than the power purchase, and the fuel cell control unit 47 generates the fuel cells 51 and 22 up to q and p, respectively. . That is, X = p + q + A and Y = c × p + d × q + a × A (step S6).

  On the other hand, if X <p + q in step S1, the power receiving unit price a and the power generation unit prices c 'and d' are compared in the same manner (step S7). In step S7, if a> c ′, d ′, the cost calculation unit 45 determines that power generation is cheaper than power purchase, and then compares the relationship between b, c ′, and d ′ (step S8).

  In step S8, if b> c ′, d ′, the cost calculation unit 45 causes the fuel cell control unit 47 to generate power to the fuel cells 22 and 51 to p and q, respectively. That is, X = p + q−B and Y = c × p + d × q−b × B are set (step S9).

  In step S8, if c ′ ≧ d ′ ≧ b, the cost calculation unit 45 loses power and then checks the relationship between X and q (step S10). In step S10, if X ≦ q, the cost calculation unit 45 causes the fuel cell control unit 47 to stop the fuel cell 22 and generate the fuel cell 51 up to X. That is, X = q ′ and Y = d ′ × q ′ are set (step S11). In step S10, if X> q, the cost calculation unit 45 causes the fuel cell control unit 47 to generate the fuel cell 51 up to q, and the fuel cell 22 generates the shortage. That is, X = q + p ′ and Y = c ′ × p ′ + d × q are set (step S12).

  In step S8, if d ′ ≧ c ′ ≧ b, the cost calculation unit 45 determines that the power is lost and then checks the relationship between X and p (step S13). In step S13, if X ≦ p, the cost calculation unit 45 causes the fuel cell control unit 47 to stop the fuel cell 51 and generate power to the fuel cell 22 up to X. That is, X = p ′ and Y = c ′ × p ′ are set (step S14). In step S <b> 13, if X> p, the cost calculation unit 45 causes the fuel cell control unit 47 to generate the fuel cell 22 up to p, and the fuel cell 51 generates the shortage. That is, X = p + q ′ and Y = c × p + d ′ × q ′ are set (step S15).

  In step S8, if c ′ ≧ b ≧ d ′, the cost calculating unit 45 determines that the fuel cell 22 generates power and sells power, and then examines the relationship between X and q (step S8). S16). In step S16, if X ≦ q, the cost calculation unit 45 stops the fuel cell 22 by the fuel cell control unit 47 and generates power to the fuel cell 51 up to q. That is, X = q−B and Y = d × q−b × B are set (step S17). In step S <b> 16, if X> q, the cost calculation unit 45 causes the fuel cell control unit 47 to generate the fuel cell 51 up to q, and the fuel cell 22 generates the shortage. That is, X = p ′ + q and Y = d × q + c ′ × p ′ are set (step S18).

  In step S8, if d ′ ≧ b ≧ c ′, the cost calculation unit 45 generates a loss when the fuel cell 51 generates power and sells power, and then examines the relationship between X and p (step S19). . In step S19, if X ≦ p, the cost calculation unit 45 causes the fuel cell control unit 47 to stop the fuel cell 51 and generate power to the fuel cell 22 up to p. That is, X = p−B and Y = c × p−b × B are set (step S20). In step S <b> 19, if X> p, the cost calculation unit 45 causes the fuel cell control unit 47 to generate the fuel cell 22 up to p, and the fuel cell 51 generates the shortage. That is, X = p + q ′ and Y = c × p + d ′ × q ′ are set (step S21).

  Referring to FIG. 4, in step S7, if a ≦ c ′, d ′, the cost calculation unit 45 assumes that power purchase is cheaper than power generation, and then compares the relationship between b and c ′ and d ′. (Step S22). In step S22, if b ≦ c ′, d ′, the cost calculation unit 45 purchases all X power. That is, the cost calculation unit 45 causes the fuel cell control unit 47 to stop the fuel cells 22 and 51. Then, X = A and Y = a × A = a × X are set (step S23).

  In step S22, if c ′ ≧ b ≧ d ′, the cost calculation unit 45 loses power if the fuel cell 22 sells power, and then checks the relationship between X and q (step S24). In step S24, if X ≧ q, the cost calculation unit 45 purchases all X power. That is, the cost calculation unit 45 causes the fuel cell control unit 47 to stop the fuel cells 22 and 51. Then, X = A and Y = a × A = a × X are set (step S25).

  On the other hand, when X <q in step S24, if q ′> X and a × X> {d ′ × q′−b × (q′−X)} (step S26), the cost calculation unit 45, the fuel cell control unit 47 generates power in the fuel cell 51 so that d ′ × q′−b × (q′−X) is minimized under the condition of q ′> X. That is, X = q′−B and Y = d ′ × q′−b × (q′−X) are set (step S27).

  Further, when X <q in step S24, a × X ≦ {d ′ × q′−b × (q′−X)} or q ′ ≦ X and a × X> {d ′ × q ′. When it is −b × (q′−X)} (step S <b> 28), the cost calculation unit 45 purchases all X power. That is, the cost calculation unit 45 causes the fuel cell control unit 47 to stop the fuel cells 22 and 51. Then, X = A and Y = a × A = a × X are set (step S29).

  If d ′ ≧ b ≧ c ′ in step S22, the cost calculation unit 45 loses power if the fuel cell 51 sells power, and then checks the relationship between X and p (step S30). In step S30, if X ≧ p, the cost calculation unit 45 purchases all X power. That is, the cost calculation unit 45 causes the fuel cell control unit 47 to stop the fuel cells 22 and 51. Then, X = A and Y = a × A = a × X are set (step S31).

  On the other hand, when X <p in step S30 (step S32), p ′> X and a × X> {c ′ × p′−b × (p′−X)} (step S33). ), The cost calculation unit 45 causes the fuel cell control unit 47 to generate power in the fuel cell 22 so that c ′ × p′−b × (p′−X) is minimized under the condition of p ′> X. That is, X = p′−B and Y = c ′ × p′−b × (p′−X) are set (step S34).

  In step S32, when X <p, a × X ≦ {c ′ × p′−b × (p′−X)} or p ′ ≦ X and a × X> {c ′ × p If it is' −b × (p′−X)} (step S35), the cost calculation unit 45 purchases all X power. That is, the cost calculation unit 45 causes the fuel cell control unit 47 to stop the fuel cells 22 and 51. Then, X = A and Y = a × A = a × X are set (step S36).

  In step S22, if b> c ′, d ′, the cost calculation unit 45 obtains a power sale, and (p ′ + q ′)> X and a × X> {c ′ × p If “+ d ′ × q′−b × (p ′ + q′−X)}” (step S37), the cost calculation unit 45 uses the fuel cell control unit 47 under the condition of (p ′ + q ′)> X, The fuel cells 22 and 51 are generated so that c ′ × p ′ + d ′ × q′−b × (p ′ + q′−X) is minimized. That is, X = p ′ + q′−B and Y = c ′ × p ′ + d ′ × q′−b × B are set (step S38).

  On the other hand, when b> c ′, d ′ in step S22, a × X ≦ {c ′ × p ′ + d ′ × q′−b × (p ′ + q′−X)} or (p ′ + q) If “) ≦ X and a × X> {c ′ × p ′ + d ′ × q′−b × (p ′ + q′−X)}” (step S39), the cost calculation unit 45 purchases all X power. Then. That is, the cost calculation unit 45 causes the fuel cell control unit 47 to stop the fuel cells 22 and 51. Then, X = A and Y = a × A = a × X are set (step S40).

  Next, referring to FIG. 5, when c ′ ≧ a ≧ d ′ in step S <b> 7, the cost calculation unit 45 determines that the power generation of the fuel cell 51 is cheaper than the power purchase, and the power generation of the fuel cell 22 is less than the power purchase. Next, the relationship between b and c ′ and d ′ is compared (step S41). In step S41, if b ≦ c ′, d ′, the cost calculation unit 45 checks the relationship between X and q (step S42). In step S42, if X <q, the cost calculation unit 45 generates power to the fuel cell 51 up to X and sets X = q ′ and Y = d ′ × q ′ (step S43). On the other hand, if X ≧ q in step S42, the cost calculation unit 45 generates the fuel cell 51 up to q and purchases the shortage. That is, X = q + A and Y = d × q + a × A are set (step S44).

  If b> c ′, d ′ in step S41, the cost calculation unit 45 checks the relationship between X and q (step S45). In step S45, if X ≦ q, the cost calculation unit 45 generates power to the fuel cells 51 and 22 up to q and p, respectively, and sells the surplus. That is, X = p + q−B and Y = c × p + d × q−b × B are set (step S46).

  On the other hand, in step S45, when X> q, (p ′ + q)> X and {d × q + a × (X−q)}> {d × q + c ′ × p′−b × (q + p′−X) )} (Step S47), the cost calculation unit 45 uses the fuel cell control unit 47 to satisfy {d × q + c ′ × p′−b × (q + p′−X) under the condition (p ′ + q)> X. } Is generated so that the fuel cells 22 and 51 are minimized. That is, X = p ′ + q−B and Y = c ′ × p ′ + d × q−b × B are set (step S48).

  On the other hand, in step S45, when X> q, {d × q + a × (X−q)} ≦ {d × q + c ′ × p′−b × (q + p′−X)} or (p ′ + q) If ≦ X and {d × q + a × (X−q)}> {d × q + c ′ × p′−b × (q + p′−X)} (step S49), the cost calculation unit 45 is a fuel cell control unit. 47, the fuel cell 51 is generated up to q, and the shortage is purchased. That is, X = q + A and Y = d × q + a × A are set (step S50).

  In step S41, if c ′ ≧ b ≧ d ′, the cost calculation unit 45 checks the relationship between X and q (step S51). In step S51, if X ≦ q, the cost calculation unit 45 generates power to the fuel cell 51 up to q and sells the surplus. That is, X = q−B and Y = d × q−b × B are set (step S52). On the other hand, if X> q in step S51, the cost calculation unit 45 generates power to the fuel cell 51 up to q and purchases the shortage. That is, X = q + A and Y = d × q + a × A are set (step S53).

  Subsequently, referring to FIG. 6, in step S7, if d ′ ≧ a ≧ c ′, the cost calculation unit 45 determines that the power generation of the fuel cell 22 is cheaper than the power purchase, and the power generation of the fuel cell 51 is Then, the relationship between b and c ′ and d ′ is compared (step S54). In step S54, if b ≦ c ′, d ′, the cost calculation unit 45 checks the relationship between X and p (step S55). In step S55, if X <p, the cost calculation unit 45 generates power to the fuel cell 22 up to X and sets X = p ′ and Y = c ′ × p ′ (step S56). On the other hand, if X ≧ p in step S55, the cost calculation unit 45 generates power to the fuel cell 22 up to p and purchases the shortage. That is, X = p + A and Y = c × p + a × A are set (step S57).

  If b> c ', d' in step S54, the cost calculation unit 45 checks the relationship between X and p (step S58). In step S58, if X ≦ p, the cost calculation unit 45 generates power to the fuel cells 22 and 51 to p and q, respectively, and sells the surplus. That is, X = p + q−B and Y = c × p + d × q−b × B (step S59).

  On the other hand, when X> q in step S58, (p + q ′)> X and {c × p + a × (X−p)}> {c × p + d ′ × q′−b × (p + q′−X)} (Step S60), the cost calculation unit 45 causes the fuel cell control unit 47 to minimize {c × p + d ′ × q′−b × (p + q′−X)} under the condition (p + q ′)> X. Thus, the fuel cells 22 and 51 are generated. That is, X = p + q′−B and Y = c × p + d ′ × q′−b × B are set (step S61).

  On the other hand, when X> p in step S58, {c × p + a × (X−p)} ≦ {c × p + d ′ × q′−b × (p + q′−X)} or (p + q ′) ≦ X If {c × p + a × (X−p)}> {c × p + d ′ × q′−b × (p + q′−X)} (step S62), the cost calculation unit 45 is controlled by the fuel cell control unit 47. Then, the fuel cell 22 is generated up to q, and the shortage is purchased. That is, X = p + A and Y = c × p + a × A are set (step S63).

  If d ′ ≧ b ≧ c ′ in step S54, the cost calculation unit 45 checks the relationship between X and p (step S64). In step S64, if X ≦ p, the cost calculation unit 45 generates power to the fuel cell 22 up to p and sells the surplus. That is, X = p−B and Y = c × p−b × B are set (step S65). On the other hand, if X> p in step S64, the cost calculation unit 45 generates power to the fuel cell 22 up to p and purchases the shortage. That is, X = p + A and Y = c × p + a × A are set (step S66).

  By the way, as described above, the fuel cells 22 and 51 are subjected to power generation control by the optimization controller 34. The energy supplied to the fuel cells 22 and 51 is selected as follows. The cost calculation unit 45 reads the energy unit price from the storage unit 42 and obtains the LP gas power generation unit price based on the LP gas unit price and the LP gas power generation efficiency. Furthermore, the cost calculation unit 45 obtains a natural gas power generation unit price based on the natural gas unit price and the natural gas power generation efficiency. Subsequently, the cost calculation unit 45 determines whether or not LP gas power generation unit price ≧ natural gas power generation unit price, and if LP gas power generation unit price ≧ natural gas power generation unit price, the fuel cell 22 and / or 55 is supplied with natural gas. Therefore, the cost calculation unit 45 closes the shut-off devices 26 and 55 and opens the shut-off devices 28 and 53 by the shut-off control unit 46.

  On the other hand, if the LP gas power generation unit price is less than the natural gas power generation unit price, the power generation unit price is lower when the LP gas is supplied to the fuel cells 22 and / or 51. And 53 are closed, and the shut-off devices 26 and 55 are opened.

  Further, the cost calculation unit 45 calculates the received power charge (electricity charge A) based on the received power and the received electricity unit price, and further generates the generated power charge (electricity charge D) based on the generated power unit price and the generated power. obtain. Then, a combined value obtained by adding the received power charge and the generated power charge to the sold power charge (electric charge C) obtained based on the sold power and the sold power unit price is sent to the billing charge calculation unit 48. That is, the cost calculation unit 45 sends (electricity charge A + electricity charge D−electricity charge C) to the billing charge calculation unit 48 as a sum value.

  The billing fee calculation unit 48 temporarily stores this sum, for example, integrates it every month and outputs it as a billing fee. The electricity bill C is calculated based on, for example, (generated power-demand power) and the unit price of sold electricity. In this example, all charges are calculated in the form of electricity charges. However, the charges may be calculated as “power purchase charge−power sale charge + natural gas charge + LP gas charge”. Further, the received power (demand power + generated power-power sold power) or the like may be measured by installing a measuring instrument for directly measuring the received power or the like at the position of the power measuring instrument 56 shown in FIG. .

  In the above-described example, the billing fee calculation unit 48 adds the total value, for example, every month and outputs it as a billing fee. However, the cost calculation unit 45 includes the first to fourth power meter reading units 43a to 43d. And the charge for each energy type may be obtained based on the outputs of the first and fourth gas meter reading portions 44a to 44d. In this case, the cost calculation unit 45 sends the fee for each energy type to the billing fee calculation unit 48, and the billing fee calculation unit 48 integrates each month for each energy type and outputs each as a billing fee. Become.

  As described above, in the above-described example, when power is supplied to a consumer according to a plurality of energy types, the energy is collected in real time for each unit price for each type of energy, and which energy is used according to these unit prices Since it is always calculated whether the energy cost is reduced, the power charge can always be reduced. In addition, if the optimization control device 34 calculates the power generation efficiency based on the actual results and updates the power generation efficiency curve, the total cost can be reduced by reflecting the change in characteristics of the generator such as the fuel cell over time. It can be carried out.

  In the above example, the combination of energy types is determined using the cost as a parameter, but the combination of energy types may be selected using a parameter other than the cost. For example, the combination of energy types may be determined using the carbon dioxide emission amount as a parameter. In this case, the method described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 6 is used so that the carbon dioxide emission amount is minimized. To select a combination of energy types.

  When using carbon dioxide emissions as a parameter, in FIG. 2, the communication control unit 41 collects carbon dioxide emissions for each energy type (carbon dioxide emissions per unit usage amount) in real time via the network 35. (For example, collected at a predetermined time every day) and stored in the storage unit 42.

  In this way, if carbon dioxide emissions are used as a parameter, when the consumer has a purpose such as reducing the environmental load rather than the cost, the demand of the consumer is appropriately dealt with. be able to.

  In addition, in the consumer, the parameter for selecting the energy type may be switched. That is, a desired mode may be selected from a plurality of modes according to the needs of consumers. For example, in the case of having the cost priority mode and the environmental load reduction mode, as shown in FIG. 9, the mode switching switch 110 is connected to the optimization control device 34, and the mode switching signal is sent from the mode switching switch 110 to the calculation unit 120. Sent. Note that the calculation unit 120 has the same function as the cost calculation unit 45 (here, the calculation unit 120 is used because the cost and the carbon dioxide emission amount are selectively used as parameters).

  In this case, the unit price for each energy type and the carbon dioxide emission amount for each energy type are stored in the storage unit 42, and when the mode switching signal indicates the cost priority mode, the cost calculation unit 45 The unit price for each energy type is read from the storage unit, and the energy type is selected by the method described with reference to FIGS.

  On the other hand, when the mode switching signal indicates the environmental load reduction mode, the cost calculation unit 45 reads the carbon dioxide emission amount for each energy type from the storage unit, and responds to the method described with reference to FIGS. The energy type will be selected.

  In this way, if the parameters for selecting the energy type are changed according to a plurality of modes, it is possible to perform the operation according to the needs of the consumer.

  Furthermore, in the above-described example, when the cost calculation unit 45 controls the operation of the fuel cells 22 and 51, the current load, that is, the outputs of the first to fourth power metering units 43a to 43d and the first to fourth. The operation of the fuel cells 22 and 51 was controlled based on the outputs of the gas meter reading units 44a to 44d, but the cost calculation unit 45 looks at the load fluctuation of the predetermined time immediately before the current time as a reference time, You may make it perform the prediction of the load fluctuation | variation after the time prescribed | regulated previously from the reference time.

  In this way, by predicting the load fluctuation, it is possible to determine whether the load is increasing or decreasing. Based on the determination result, the increase / decrease in the amount of power generation in the fuel cells 22 and 51 can be determined. Decisions can be taken into account.

  By the way, although the example mentioned above demonstrated the example which a consumer uses only an electrical load as a load, a consumer may use a thermal load. The example shown in FIG. 7 is an example in which a consumer uses an electric load 61 and a heat load 62 as loads. Here, a single generator 63 and a boiler 64 are provided, and the generator 63 and the boiler 64 are provided in the generator 63 and the boiler 64. Is supplied with gas (natural gas or LP gas) via a pipe 70.

  In FIG. 7, a gas flow meter, a circuit breaker, a circuit breaker, an optimization control device, a power meter, and the like are omitted.

  Commercial electric power (A (kW), unit price a (yen / kW)) is supplied to the electric load 61 through the power line. The generator 63 is supplied with H (liter) gas, generates C (kW), and supplies it to the power line 25. Further, the heat D (J) generated by the generator 63 is supplied to the heat load 62. Further, I (liter) gas is supplied to the boiler 64 to generate E (J) heat, and this heat is applied to the heat load 62.

  Further, the maximum power generation amount of the generator 63 is C ′ (kW), and the maximum heat amount is D ′ (J). Then, during C ′ (kW), the generator 63 generates a maximum amount of heat D ′ (J). Furthermore, the generator 63 has a power generation efficiency (conversion efficiency) of α and a heat conversion efficiency of β. The maximum heat quantity of the boiler 64 is E ′ (J), and the conversion efficiency is γ. It is assumed that the electrical load 61 is X (kW) and the thermal load 62 is Q (J).

  If power is not sold now, the total cost Y is Y = a × A + g × G, and the optimization control device controls the generator 63 and the boiler 64 so that the total cost Y is minimized. . Here, X = A + C = A + α × H, G = H + I, Q = β × H + γ × I = D + E (when Q or more generated heat is discarded, Q ≦ β × H + γ × I = D + E). Here, g is the unit price of gas (yen / liter).

  On the other hand, when selling power, Y = −b × B + g × G, and the optimization control device controls the generator 63 and the boiler 64 so that the total cost Y is minimized. Here, b is a power sale unit price (yen / kW), and B is a power sale amount (kW). However, X ≦ C ′, X = −B + α × H, G = H + I, Q = β × H + γ × I = D + E (If the amount of heat generated more than Q is discarded, Q ≦ β × H + γ × I = D + E) It is.

  Next, referring to FIG. 8, FIG. 8 is a system in which a boiler 64 and a thermal load 62 are newly added to the system shown in FIG. 1, and a consumer in FIG. 1 has an electrical load 61 and a thermal load 62. is doing. In FIG. 8, a gas flow meter, a circuit breaker, a circuit breaker, an optimization control device, a power meter, and the like are omitted. In FIG. 8, the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the fuel cells 22 and 51 are denoted as generators 63 and 65.

  Here, a plurality of types of gases (for example, LP gas and natural gas) are selectively supplied to the generators 63 and 65 as described with reference to FIG. In the illustrated example, a plurality of gases are supplied to the boiler 64 at the same time.

  Commercial power (A (kW), unit price a (yen / kW)) is supplied to the electric load (X kW) 61 through the power line 25. Further, as described above, the first and second gases are selectively supplied to the generators 63 and 65 via the pipes 23 and 24. Further, the first and second gases are also selectively supplied to the boiler 64 via the pipes 23 and 24. The electric power generated by the generators 63 and 65 is supplied to the power line 25, and the heat generated by the generators 63 and 65 is supplied to the heat load (Q (J)) 62. The heat generated in the boiler 64 is also given to the heat load 62.

  Here, the electrical conversion efficiency of the generator 63 when the first gas is supplied is c, and the electrical conversion efficiency of the generator 63 when the second gas is supplied is c ′. The maximum output of the generator 63 is P ′. The heat conversion efficiency of the generator 63 when the first gas is supplied is d, and the heat conversion efficiency of the generator 63 when the second gas is supplied is d ′.

  Similarly, let e be the electrical conversion efficiency of the generator 65 when the first gas is supplied, and e 'be the electrical conversion efficiency of the generator 65 when the second gas is supplied. The maximum output of the generator 65 is S ′. The heat conversion efficiency of the generator 65 when the first gas is supplied is f, and the heat conversion efficiency of the generator 65 when the second gas is supplied is f ′. The heat conversion efficiency of the boiler 64 is h for the first gas and h ′ for the second gas.

  When power is not sold, the total cost Y is Y = a × A + g × G + k × K, and the optimization controller controls the generators 63 and 65 and the boiler 64 so that the total cost Y is minimized. Will do. Here, g is the unit price (yen / liter) of the first gas, and G is the flow rate (liter) of the first gas. K is the unit price (yen / liter) of the second gas, and K is the flow rate (liter) of the second gas.

  Note that G = L + M + N and K = L ′ + M ′ + N ′. L is a flow rate of the first gas supplied to the generator 63, and L ′ is a flow rate of the second gas supplied to the generator 63. M is the flow rate of the first gas supplied to the generator 65, and M ′ is the flow rate of the second gas supplied to the generator 65. N is a flow rate of the first gas supplied to the boiler 64, and N ′ is a flow rate of the second gas supplied to the boiler 64.

  Now, when the generators 63 and 65 use the first gas as the gas pattern used by the generators 63 and 65 (first pattern), the generator 63 uses the first gas, When the generator 65 uses the second gas (second pattern), the generator 63 uses the second gas, and the generator 65 uses the first gas (third). Pattern), the generators 63 and 65 may use the second gas (fourth pattern).

  In the first pattern, X = A + c × L + e × M, Q = d × L + f × M + h × N + h ′ × N ′, and in the second pattern, X = A + c × L + e ′ × M ′. Q = d × L + f ′ × M ′ + h × N + h ′ × N ′. In the third pattern, X = A + c ′ × L ′ + e × M, and Q = d ′ × L ′ + f × M + h × N + h ′ × N ′. In the fourth pattern, X = A + c ′ × L ′ + e ′ × M ′, Q = d ′ × L ′ + f ′ × M ′ + h × N + h ′ × N ′. Then, the optimization control apparatus calculates the total cost Y for each of the first to fourth patterns, and selects a pattern that minimizes the total cost Y. In addition, when discarding the generated heat quantity equal to or more than Q, the condition of Q = in the first to fourth patterns is Q ≦.

  On the other hand, when selling power, Y = −b × B + g × G + kK. Here, b is a power sale unit price (yen / kW), and B is a power sale amount (kW). However, X ≦ P ′ + C ′, G = L + M + N, and K = L ′ + M ′ + N ′.

  Also in the case of power sale, when the generators 63 and 65 use the first gas (fifth pattern) as the gas pattern used by the generators 63 and 65, the generator 63 is the first gas pattern. When the gas is used and the generator 65 uses the second gas (sixth pattern), the generator 63 uses the second gas and the generator 65 uses the first gas. In some cases (seventh pattern), the generators 63 and 65 use the second gas (eighth pattern).

  In the fifth pattern, X = −B + c × L + e × M, Q = d × L + f × M + h × N + h ′ × N ′, and in the sixth pattern, X = −B + c × L + e ′ × M ′, Q = d × L + f ′ × M ′ + h × N + h ′ × N ′. In the seventh pattern, X = −B + c ′ × L ′ + e × M, and Q = d ′ × L ′ + f × M + h × N + h ′ × N ′. In the eighth pattern, X = −B + c ′ × L ′ + e ′ × M ′, Q = d ′ × L ′ + f ′ × M ′ + h × N + h ′ × N ′. Then, the optimization control apparatus calculates the total cost Y for each of the fifth to eighth patterns, and selects a pattern that minimizes the total cost Y. In addition, when discarding the generated heat quantity of Q or more, the condition of Q = in the fifth to eighth patterns is Q ≦.

  As described above, the present invention can be applied to a cogeneration system that uses a generator such as a diesel generator instead of a fuel cell and uses heat generated by the generator. That is, as described above, the present invention can be applied not only to electric power but also to hot water supply, air conditioning, and the like by selectively using various types of energy. When selecting multiple energy types and supplying energy to customers, the unit price is collected in real time for each energy type, and the total cost is the lowest for each unit price. If the combination is selected, the total cost can be made the lowest when various energy is selectively used.

As is clear from the above-described embodiment, the optimization control device 34 functions as a collection / calculation unit and a determination unit, and the optimization control device 34, the circuit breaker, the circuit breaker, and the fuel cell function as a supply unit. Will do.

  Incidentally, the heat load 62 includes a water heater, and the water heater may be warmed. In this case, for example, the unit price of the power source is set as the unit price of the power source cost minus the night water heater power, and the total cost is calculated by the above-described method.

  In addition, the possibility that an energy consumer can procure a plurality of energy only by contract with, for example, one service provider of the system is expanded. Furthermore, the service provider can accumulate and analyze the data of the optimization control device 34 to grasp the energy usage tendency in each consumer, and construct an efficient supply facility combining a plurality of energy as a supplier. can do.

It is a figure shown in the example provided with two fuel cells (generator) in the energy supply system by embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows an example of a structure of the optimization control apparatus shown in FIG. It is a flowchart for demonstrating an example of control operation of the optimization control apparatus shown in FIG. It is a flowchart for demonstrating an example of control operation of the optimization control apparatus shown in FIG. It is a flowchart for demonstrating an example of control operation of the optimization control apparatus shown in FIG. It is a flowchart for demonstrating an example of control operation of the optimization control apparatus shown in FIG. It is a block diagram which shows an example which has a thermal load in the energy supply system by embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the other example which has a heat load in the energy supply system by embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the other example of a structure of the optimization control apparatus shown in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating an example of the conventional energy supply system.

21 Customer 22, 51 Fuel cell 23, 24 Gas pipe 25 Power line 26, 28, 53, 55 Shut-off device 27, 29, 52, 54 Gas meter 31, 33, 56, 57 Power meter 30, 58 Circuit breaker 34 Optimization control device 35 Network (Internet)
41 communication control unit 42 storage unit 43a to 43d power meter reading unit 44a to 44d gas meter reading unit 45 cost calculation unit 46 shut-off control unit 47 fuel cell control unit 48 charge fee calculation unit

Claims (36)

A power generation facility installed in the vicinity of a consumer that generates power using one or more energy types selected from a plurality of energy types for power generation facilities;
According to the demand of the consumer from a plurality of energy types including the generated power generated by the power generation facility and received by the consumer, and the received power received by the consumer of the power supplied from the electric utility An optimization controller that selects one or more energies as selection energy;
Supply means for supplying the selected energy to the consumer,
The optimization control device includes:
Collecting data for calculating the received power cost or carbon dioxide emission amount and the generated power cost or carbon dioxide emission amount in real time when using the plurality of energy types , based on the data Collecting / calculating means for calculating the cost of each received power or carbon dioxide emissions, and the cost or carbon dioxide emissions of the generated power;
Of the cost priority mode for reducing the cost borne by the consumer and the environmental load reduction mode for reducing the carbon dioxide emission generated by the consumer, according to the mode selected by the consumer, the collection / calculation means Selection means using the calculated real-time cost or the carbon dioxide emission as a parameter, and selecting a combination of energy types based on the parameter as the selected energy without predicting a load fluctuation of the selected energy When,
An energy supply system comprising: control means for controlling the power generation equipment based on a selection result of the selection means. The energy supply system according to claim 1, wherein the power generation facility includes a multiple fuel power generation apparatus to which a plurality of types of fuel are selectively supplied. The selection means includes a cost of the received power or a carbon dioxide emission amount and a cost of the generated power or a carbon dioxide emission amount when the plurality of types of energy are used, or the carbon dioxide having the lowest cost or carbon dioxide Select the energy type with the least amount of emissions as the selected energy, determine whether the demand of the consumer can be covered only by the energy type with the lowest cost or the least carbon dioxide emissions, and can not cover The energy supply system according to claim 1, wherein when it is determined that the energy type is low, the energy type having a low cost or a small amount of carbon dioxide emission is selected as the selected energy until the demand of the consumer can be met. The power generation facility includes a single fuel power generation device to which a single type of fuel is supplied,
The collection / calculation means includes the received power cost or carbon dioxide emission amount and the generated power cost or carbon dioxide emission amount when the plurality of types of fuel and the single type of fuel are used. Collect data in real time to calculate
The selection means includes, among the plurality of types of fuel and the single type of fuel, the received power cost or carbon dioxide emission amount, and the generated power cost or carbon dioxide emission amount. Whether the energy type with the lowest cost or the lowest carbon dioxide emission is selected as the selected energy, and whether the demand of the consumer can be covered only by the energy type with the lowest cost or the lowest carbon dioxide emission 4. The energy according to claim 3, wherein when the determination is made and it is determined that the demand cannot be met, the energy type having a low cost or a low carbon dioxide emission amount is selected as the selected energy until the demand of the consumer can be met. Supply system. The optimization control device includes:
When the unit price of the received power is not the cheapest unit price , a comparison unit that compares the generated power with the demand power that is the sum of the received power and the generated power;
5. The fuel supply means for supplying the power generation facility with a fuel of a type having the lowest power generation unit price among the types of fuel when the demand power is equal to or greater than the generated power . The energy supply system according to any one of the above. The collection / calculation means collects a power selling unit price when selling power to an electricity purchaser ,
The optimization control device is configured to compare the demand power, which is a sum of the received power and the generated power, with the generated power, and the demand power when the unit price of the received power is not the lowest unit price. A fuel supply means for supplying, to the power generation facility, a fuel of a type with the lowest unit price of power generation among the types of fuel when the power is equal to or greater than the generated power;
Said control means, the output of the said power generation unit cost by the unit price for each fuel type and generation cost by unit price for each of the fuel of the by comparing the power selling unit price type is higher than the power selling unit price power plant The energy supply system according to claim 1, wherein the energy supply system is lowered. The collection / calculation means also collects the power selling unit price when the power is sold to the electricity purchaser ,
The control means, the energy supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the controller controls the power generation facilities in response to the power selling unit price. The optimization controller monitors the operation state of the equipment supplying the selected energy, comprising a monitoring means for updating the driving efficiency of the equipment in accordance with the operating condition,
The said selection means selects the combination of the energy classification from which the total cost becomes the cheapest with reference to the said driving efficiency among the combinations of the said energy classification, The one in any one of Claim 1 to 4 characterized by the above-mentioned. Energy supply system. 9. The energy supply system according to claim 1, wherein the collection / calculation unit calculates data for calculating the cost of the energy via a network. 10. The optimization control device , when the amount of carbon dioxide emission of the received power is not the smallest amount , a comparison means for comparing the generated power with the demand power that is the sum of the received power and the generated power; ,
When the power demand is in the generated power above claims, characterized in that the fuel of most carbon footprint small Kunar type of fuel in the type comprising a fuel supply means for supplying to said power plant The energy supply system according to any one of 1 to 4 . The optimization controller monitors the operation state of the equipment supplying the selected energy, comprising a monitoring means for updating the driving efficiency of the equipment in accordance with the operating condition,
Said selecting means, said one of the combinations of energy types, any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that selecting a combination of the driving efficiency with reference to the least energy type carbon dioxide total emissions of the total The energy supply system according to Crab . The said collection / calculation means collects the data for calculating the carbon dioxide emission amount of the said energy via a network, The any one of Claim 1 to 4 or 10 to 11 characterized by the above-mentioned. Energy supply system. Generated power generated by one or more energy types selected from a plurality of energy types selected from a plurality of energy types for power generation facilities installed in the vicinity of the consumer, and generated power received by the consumer, and supplied from an electric power company When selecting one or more energies as selected energy according to the demand of the consumer from a plurality of energy types including the received power received by the consumer by the consumer, and supplying the selected energy to the consumer An energy type selection server to be used,
Collecting data for calculating the received power cost or carbon dioxide emission amount and the generated power cost or carbon dioxide emission amount in real time when using the plurality of energy types , based on the data Collecting / calculating means for calculating the cost of each received power or carbon dioxide emissions, and the cost or carbon dioxide emissions of the generated power;
Of the cost priority mode for reducing the cost borne by the consumer and the environmental load reduction mode for reducing the carbon dioxide emission generated by the consumer, according to the mode selected by the consumer, the collection / calculation means Selection means using the calculated real-time cost or the carbon dioxide emission as a parameter, and selecting a combination of energy types based on the parameter as the selected energy without predicting a load fluctuation of the selected energy When,
Control means for controlling the power generation equipment based on a selection result of the selection means, and an energy type selection server. The energy type selection server according to claim 13, wherein the power generation facility includes a multiple fuel power generation apparatus to which a plurality of types of fuel are selectively supplied. The selection means includes a cost of the received power or a carbon dioxide emission amount and a cost of the generated power or a carbon dioxide emission amount when the plurality of types of energy are used, or the carbon dioxide having the lowest cost or carbon dioxide Select the energy type with the least amount of emissions as the selected energy, determine whether the demand of the consumer can be covered only by the energy type with the lowest cost or the least carbon dioxide emissions, and can not cover The energy type selection server according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the energy type selection server selects energy types with low costs or low carbon dioxide emissions until the demand of the consumer can be met. The power generation facility includes a single fuel power generation device to which a single type of fuel is supplied,
The collection / calculation means includes the received power cost or carbon dioxide emission amount and the generated power cost or carbon dioxide emission amount when the plurality of types of fuel and the single type of fuel are used. Collect data in real time to calculate
The selection means includes, among the plurality of types of fuel and the single type of fuel, the received power cost or carbon dioxide emission amount, and the generated power cost or carbon dioxide emission amount. Whether the energy type with the lowest cost or the lowest carbon dioxide emission is selected as the selected energy, and whether the demand of the consumer can be covered only by the energy type with the lowest cost or the lowest carbon dioxide emission The energy according to claim 15, wherein when the determination is made and it is determined that it cannot be covered, the energy type having a low cost or a small amount of carbon dioxide emission is selected as the selected energy until the demand of the consumer can be covered. Type selection server. When the unit price of the received power is not the cheapest unit price , a comparison unit that compares the generated power with the demand power that is the sum of the received power and the generated power;
The fuel supply means for supplying to the power generation equipment a fuel of a type with the lowest unit price of power generation among the types of fuel when the demand power is equal to or greater than the generated power . The energy type selection server according to any one of the above. The collection / calculation means collects a power selling unit price when selling power to an electricity purchaser ,
The energy type selection server is configured to compare the demand power, which is the sum of the received power and the generated power, with the generated power, and the demand when the unit price of the received power is not the lowest unit price. A fuel supply means for supplying, to the power generation facility, a fuel of a type with the lowest unit price of power generation among the types of fuel when the power is equal to or greater than the generated power;
Said control means, the output of the said power generation unit cost by the unit price for each fuel type and generation cost by unit price for each of the fuel of the by comparing the power selling unit price type is higher than the power selling unit price power plant It reduces, The energy classification selection server in any one of Claim 13 to 16 characterized by the above-mentioned. The collection / calculation means also collects the power selling unit price when the power is sold to the electricity purchaser ,
The control means, the energy classification selection server according to any one of claims 13 16, wherein the controller controls the power generation facilities in response to the power selling unit price. To monitor the operation state of the equipment supplying the selected energy, comprising a monitoring means for updating the driving efficiency of the equipment in accordance with the operating condition,
The said selection means selects the combination of the energy classification from which the total cost becomes the cheapest with reference to the said driving efficiency among the combinations of the said energy classification, The any one of Claim 13 to 16 characterized by the above-mentioned. Energy type selection server. 21. The energy type selection server according to claim 13, wherein the collection / calculation means collects data for calculating the cost of the energy via a network. Comparison means for comparing the generated power with the demand power that is the sum of the received power and the generated power when the amount of carbon dioxide emission of the received power is not the smallest amount ;
When the power demand is in the generated power above claims, characterized in that the fuel of most carbon footprint small Kunar type of fuel in the type comprising a fuel supply means for supplying to said power plant The energy type selection server according to any one of 13 to 16 . To monitor the operation state of the equipment supplying the selected energy, comprising a monitoring means for updating the driving efficiency of the equipment in accordance with the operating condition,
17. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the selection unit selects a combination of energy types having the smallest total total carbon dioxide emission amount with reference to the driving efficiency among the combinations of the energy types. The energy type selection server described in Crab . The collection and calculation means, wherein the data for calculating the carbon footprint of the energy, to any one of claims 13 to 16 or 22, characterized in that it has to collect via the network 23 Energy type selection server. Generated power generated by one or more energy types selected from a plurality of energy types selected from a plurality of energy types for power generation facilities installed in the vicinity of the consumer, and generated power received by the consumer, and supplied from an electric power company When selecting one or more energies as selected energy according to the demand of the consumer from a plurality of energy types including the received power received by the consumer by the consumer, and supplying the selected energy to the consumer An energy supply method used,
Collecting data for calculating the received power cost or carbon dioxide emission amount and the generated power cost or carbon dioxide emission amount in real time when using the plurality of energy types , based on the data A collection / calculation step for calculating a cost of each received power or carbon dioxide emission, and a cost or carbon dioxide emission of the generated power;
Of the cost priority mode for reducing the cost borne by the consumer and the environmental load reduction mode for reducing the carbon dioxide emission generated by the consumer, according to the mode selected by the consumer, the collection / calculation step A selection step in which the calculated real-time cost or the carbon dioxide emission is used as a parameter, and a combination of energy types is selected based on the parameter and the selected energy is selected without predicting a load fluctuation of the selected energy. When,
A control step of controlling the power generation facility based on a selection result of the selection step. 26. The energy supply method according to claim 25, wherein the power generation facility includes a multiple fuel power generation apparatus to which a plurality of types of fuel are selectively supplied. The selection step includes the cost of the received power or the carbon dioxide emission amount and the cost of the generated power or the carbon dioxide emission amount when using the plurality of types of energy, Select the energy type with the least amount of emissions as the selected energy, determine whether the demand of the consumer can be covered only by the energy type with the lowest cost or the least carbon dioxide emissions, and can not cover 27. The energy supply method according to claim 25 or 26, wherein when it is determined, an energy type having a low cost or a low carbon dioxide emission amount is selected as the selected energy until the demand of the consumer can be covered. The power generation facility includes a single fuel power generation device to which a single type of fuel is supplied,
The collection / calculation step includes the received power cost or carbon dioxide emission amount and the generated power cost or carbon dioxide emission amount when the plurality of types of fuel and the single type of fuel are used. Collect data in real time to calculate
The selection step includes a cost of the received power or a carbon dioxide emission amount and a cost of the generated power or a carbon dioxide emission amount when the plurality of types of fuel and the single type of fuel are used. Whether the energy type with the lowest cost or the lowest carbon dioxide emission is selected as the selected energy, and whether the demand of the consumer can be covered only by the energy type with the lowest cost or the lowest carbon dioxide emission The energy according to claim 27, wherein when the determination is made and it is determined that it cannot be covered, the energy type having a low cost or a small amount of carbon dioxide emission is selected as the selected energy until the demand of the consumer can be covered. Supply method. A comparison step of comparing the generated power with the demand power that is the sum of the received power and the generated power when the unit price of the received power is not the lowest unit price ;
29. A fuel supply step of supplying, to the power generation facility, a fuel of a type having the lowest unit price of power generation among the types of fuel when the demand power is equal to or greater than the generated power . The energy supply method according to any one of the above. The collecting / calculating step collects the power selling unit price when the power is sold to the electricity purchaser ,
In the energy supply method, the demand power that is the sum of the received power and the generated power is compared with the generated power, and when the unit price of the received power is not the lowest unit price, the demand power If there is the generator power or more, and a fuel supply supplying a fuel of the types of cheapest generation cost in power generation facilities of fuel in the type,
The control step compares the power generation unit price by the unit price for each type of fuel and the power sale unit price, and if the power generation unit price by the unit price for each type of fuel is higher than the power sale unit price, the output of the power generation facility is 29. The energy supply method according to claim 25, wherein the energy supply method is lowered. The collection / calculation step also collects the power selling unit price when the power is sold to the electricity purchaser ,
The control step, the energy supply method according to any one of claims 25 to 28, wherein the controller controls the power generation facilities in response to the power selling unit price. To monitor the operation state of the equipment supplying the selected energy, comprising a monitoring step of updating the driving efficiency of the equipment in accordance with the operating condition,
29. The selection step according to any one of claims 25 to 28 , wherein, in the combination of energy types, a combination of energy types with the lowest total cost is selected with reference to the driving efficiency. Energy supply method. 33. The energy supply method according to claim 25, wherein the collection / calculation step collects data for calculating the energy cost via a network. A comparison step of comparing the generated power with the demand power that is the sum of the received power and the generated power when the amount of carbon dioxide emission of the received power is not the smallest amount ;
When the power demand is in the generated power above claims, characterized in that the fuel of most carbon footprint small Kunar type of fuel in the type comprising a fuel supplying step of supplying to said power plant The energy supply method according to any one of 25 to 28 . To monitor the operation state of the equipment supplying the selected energy, comprising a monitoring step of updating the driving efficiency of the equipment in accordance with the operating condition,
29. The method according to any one of claims 25 to 28, wherein the selecting step selects a combination of energy types having the smallest total total carbon dioxide emissions with reference to the driving efficiency among the combinations of energy types. The energy supply method of crab . The collection and calculation step, wherein the data for calculating the carbon footprint of the energy, to any one of claims 25 to 28 or 34, characterized in that it has to collect via the network 35 Energy supply method.

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