JP2007104775A - Energy demanding/supplying method in combined power supply, and energy demanding/supplying apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To deal with a rate selected by a user and a plurality of reduced objects such as a CO2 emission, to calculate a type of a power supply preferentially used and operation time of a plurality of devices for consuming power and hot-water heat on the condition that the reduced objects are minimized, and to control the power supply and the operation time of the devices in accordance with a calculated result. <P>SOLUTION: An energy demanding/supplying apparatus is provided with: an optimal operation time calculating section 14 for calculating the power supply preferentially used and the operation time of the devices per reduced object on the condition that the reduced objects is minimized by changing the power supply preferentially used and the operation time of a plurality of the devices and comparing an increase or decrease in the reduced object; and a power supply switching method determining section 15 for outputting a type of the power supply for the reduced object selected by the user to a power supply selector and outputting optimal operation time to the devices. The apparatus thereby controls the power supply and the operation time of the devices so that the reduced objects is minimized. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an energy supply and demand method for a hybrid system of a cogeneration apparatus that supplies electric power and thermal energy and a solar power generation apparatus.

  As a conventional energy supply and demand method, in a fuel cell, power usage equipment is controlled to balance the power generation amount and the main power amount, which is the power amount of the entire household, or if the amount of hot water stored exceeds the tank capacity, In some cases, the efficiency is improved by controlling the device using the heat so as to use the heat and balancing the demand and supply of the heat (for example, see Patent Document 1). Also, in a system that combines a cogeneration device and a solar power generation device, start and stop the operation of the cogeneration device by comparing the main power, the power generation amount of the solar power generation device, and the power generation amount of the cogeneration device. There is one that effectively uses energy by controlling (for example, see Patent Document 2). Moreover, in the system which combined the cogeneration apparatus and the solar power generation device, there existed what stored the electric power generated by the solar power generation device using a storage battery, and discharged as needed (for example, refer patent document 3).

  FIG. 15 shows a conventional energy supply and demand method described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2.

In FIG. 15, the power switch 104 switches the power so that the power from the solar power generation device is used preferentially among the power supplied from the commercial power source 101, the solar power generation device 102, and the cogeneration device 103. The load predicting unit 108 acquires the main power amount that is the amount of power used by the entire household from the power switch 104 and the main hot water amount that is the amount of hot water used by the entire home from the cogeneration device. The device control unit 109 acquires the power generation amount and the hot water storage amount from the cogeneration apparatus 103, the main power amount from the power switch 104, the predicted power load and the predicted hot water supply load from the load prediction unit 108, and the hot water storage amount Is expected to become full, operate one of the devices 105 that uses hot water supply heat to fill up the hot water storage capacity and generate cogeneration. Deployment apparatus is stopped, had to prevent that the efficiency during operation becomes poor. Further, when the main power is smaller than the minimum power generation of the cogeneration apparatus 103, the device 105 that uses power is operated to increase the efficiency, or when the main power is larger than the maximum power generation, the device 105 Among them, those that use power were stopped to increase efficiency. When there is no device that changes the operation status among the devices 105, the supply from the cogeneration device to the power switch 104 is stopped, and the power is supplied so that power is supplied from the commercial power supply 101 and the solar power generation device 102 to the home. A switching command was output, and a command to stop the operation of the cogeneration apparatus 103 was output.
JP 2001-68126 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 08-086935 JP-A-2005-143218

  However, when changing the operating time of the equipment, the user considers not only energy saving but also economic efficiency. However, the conventional configuration only supports energy saving and considers cost reduction. Therefore, it is not possible to calculate the operating time of equipment when considering economic efficiency. In addition, since the fee is not taken into consideration, it is not possible to cope with a change in the fee system, and it is not possible to calculate the optimum device operation time following the changed fee system.

  In addition, even when trying to calculate the operating time of the device, there is no means for calculating in detail the amount of charge and CO2 emission reduction before and after the change of the operating time, so the optimal device operating time and power switching method cannot be obtained, As a result, the efficiency of charges and CO2 emissions may be deteriorated.

  Furthermore, when switching the power supply used by the power switch, it is a fixed method that gives priority to using the power generated by the solar power generation device, so the efficiency of the cogeneration device and the fee system are comprehensively determined. As a result, the usage method of the power source and the operation time of the device cannot be calculated.

  Further, regarding Patent Document 3, a storage battery is used as a component, but the storage battery may have a problem of physical size during installation and a problem of high introduction cost.

  An object of the present invention is to solve the above-described conventional problems, and to calculate a method of using a power source and an operation time of a device when a reduction target such as a charge or CO2 emission amount selected by a user is minimized. The purpose is to provide an energy supply and demand method.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the energy supply and demand method of the present invention can calculate in detail the method of using the power source and the operation time of the equipment with the lowest cost for a plurality of reduction targets such as charges or CO2 emissions. Using the optimal operating time calculation unit and the reduction target selected by the user, determine the type of power to be used with priority and the operating time of the device, output the power switching method to the power switch, and operate on the device It includes a power supply switching method determination unit that outputs time information and outputs the power load and hot water supply load after changing the operation time of the device to the cogeneration device, and the type of power supply for the reduction target selected by the user, Change the operating time of the device.

  It also has a parameter acquisition unit that periodically acquires charge systems and CO2 emission factors from multiple power supply companies and gas supply companies, and follows changes on the supply side by outputting them to the optimal operation time calculation unit. Can do.

  With this configuration, it is possible to calculate an optimal power supply method and device operation time for a plurality of reduction targets.

  According to the energy supply and demand method of the present invention, for a plurality of reduction targets such as charges or CO2 emissions, it is possible to obtain the power supply method and the operation time of the equipment that can be reduced most, so that energy saving performance and Effective control of the equipment can be performed in each economy.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an energy supply and demand method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  The commercial power source 1 indicates power supplied from a power supply company, the solar power generation device 2 is a device that generates power by receiving sunlight and supplies the generated power, and the cogeneration device 3 is a gas generator. Is a device that supplies electricity and hot water supply heat as fuel. The cogeneration apparatus 3 acquires the shifted power load and the shifted hot water supply load, which are the main power and the main hot water supply amount after changing the operation time of the device 5 from the power supply switching method determination unit 15 to be described later. The operation is controlled in the cogeneration apparatus 3 so that the supply and demand balance is optimized. In addition, for the hot water supply load prediction, the hot water supply amount used in the entire household is output to the load prediction unit 8 as the main hot water supply amount.

  The power switch 4 is a power switch that is a command value indicating which of the power from the photovoltaic power generation device 2 and the power from the cogeneration device 3 is to be used preferentially from the power switching method determination unit 15. A command is acquired, and the supply method to the device 5 in the home is switched according to the magnitude of the main power, which is the total amount of power used in the home. FIG. 2 is a table for explaining a power supply method for each power source to be used with priority. FIG. 2A shows a case where the power source to be preferentially used (hereinafter, priority power source) is the solar power generation device 2, and FIG. 2B shows a case where the priority power source is a cogeneration device. For example, when the priority power source is the solar power generation device 2 and the main power is lower than the power added from the solar power generation device 2 and the cogeneration device 3, the solar power generation device 2 generates power, Electric power that is insufficient for power generation from the photovoltaic power generation apparatus 2 is supplied from the cogeneration apparatus 3, and no power is supplied from the commercial power supply 1. When the priority power source is the cogeneration device 3 and the main power is lower than the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation device 2 and the cogeneration device 3, the power generation amount from the cogeneration device 3 and the cogeneration device 3 Electricity that is insufficient for power generation from the generation device 3 is supplied from the solar power generation device 2 and not supplied from the commercial power source 1. At that time, surplus power generated in the solar power generation device 2 flows backward to the commercial power source 1.

  The device 5 acquires the operation time of the device 5 from the power supply switching method determination unit 15 and starts operation according to the operation time. Also, the amount of power and the amount of hot water to be consumed from time to time are output to the load prediction unit as the amount of power consumed by device and the amount of hot water supplied by device.

  The communication network 6 provides weather information, weather forecasts, and CO2 emission coefficient information provided by public institutions and energy supply companies through the network.

  The solar power generation prediction unit 7 acquires the power generated by the solar power generation device 2 from the power switch 4, acquires the weather forecast of the day and the weather information that is the past weather results from the communication network 6, and is known. Using a neural network that is a technology, the past weather is input, the amount of power generated every 60 minutes is output, and the relationship between the weather and the amount of power generated is learned. Predicted photovoltaic power generation that is quantity data. Thereafter, the predicted predicted photovoltaic power generation power is output to the cogeneration device load calculation unit 12 and the optimum operation time calculation unit 14.

  The load prediction unit 8 acquires the main power amount from the power switch 4, the main hot water supply amount from the cogeneration device 3, the power consumption by device and the hot water supply amount by device for each device 5 from the device 5, and is known Using the neural network or the like, which is the technology of the current day, the predicted power load and the predicted hot water supply load, which are the time series predicted values of the main power amount and the main hot water supply amount for the current day, A predicted power load for each predicted device and a hot water supply load for each predicted device, which are predicted amounts, are calculated. In the present embodiment, a neural network model is constructed with the main power amount, the main hot water supply amount, the device-specific power amount for each device 5 and the device-specific hot water supply amount, and the first day of data every 60 minutes for two consecutive days. The data on the second day is used as the output, and after learning the neural network, the data for every 60 minutes on the day before the prediction is input, and the predicted power load that is the prediction data for every 60 minutes on the current day is input. The predicted hot water supply load, the predicted power load for each predicted device, and the predicted hot water load for each predicted device were calculated.

  Note that the method for obtaining the predicted power load, the predicted hot water supply load, the predicted power load for each predicted device, and the predicted hot water load for each predicted device is not limited to this.

  The information display unit 9 obtains and displays the charge and CO2 emission amount when the daily gas and electricity charges are minimized and the CO2 emission amount is minimized from the optimum operation time calculation unit 14. .

  The user input unit 10 outputs an operable time set by the user for each device 5 and indicating a time range in which the device 5 can be operated to the optimum operating time calculation unit 14, and the user input either the charge input or the CO2 emission amount. The reduction target is output to the power supply switching method determination unit 15.

  The parameter acquisition unit 11 periodically acquires a power charge system, a gas charge system, a gas CO2 emission coefficient, and a purchased CO2 emission coefficient from the communication network, and outputs them to the optimum operation time calculation unit 14. At that time, the number of energy supply companies is acquired from multiple, not just one. In the present embodiment, the power rate system is 27 yen / kWh from 8:00 to 22:00, and 6 kWh from 22:00 to 8:00. It was the same as the unit price, the gas rate was 10.6 yen / kWh, the gas CO2 emission factor was 0.185 kg-CO2 / kWh, and the purchased CO2 emission factor was 0.378 kg-CO2 / kWh.

  When the cogeneration device load calculation unit 12 acquires the predicted photovoltaic power generation from the solar power generation prediction unit 7, acquires the predicted power load and the predicted hot water supply load from the load prediction unit 8, and the priority power source is the solar power generation device And a cogeneration power load that is a power load that the cogeneration apparatus should cover in the case of the cogeneration apparatus. The internal processing is shown in FIG. FIG. 3A shows a case where the priority power source is a solar power generation device. Here, at every predetermined time interval, here, every 60 minutes, the predicted generated power of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus is subtracted from the predicted power load of the day to obtain the cogeneration power load every 60 minutes. FIG. 3B shows a case where the priority power supply is a cogeneration apparatus. In this case, the predicted power load is substituted for the cogeneration load. In the present embodiment, the generated power of the priority power source is assumed to be used 100%. For example, it is assumed that 50% of the power of the solar power generation apparatus is used with priority, and predicted solar power generation that is subtracted from the predicted power load. When the cogeneration power load is determined with the power set to 50%, it is also possible to determine the cogeneration power load corresponding to the use ratio of the generated power to be preferentially powered. The calculated cogeneration power load for each priority power supply is output to the cogeneration apparatus operation prediction unit 13 together with the predicted hot water supply load. FIG. 4 shows an example of a cogeneration power load that is a power load that the cogeneration apparatus 3 should cover when the priority power supply is changed. The data represents the amount of power every 60 minutes for each priority power source.

  The cogeneration device operation prediction unit 13 acquires the power generation amount, hot water supply amount, hot water storage amount, gas usage amount, auxiliary heat source gas usage amount, and power usage amount per minute from the cogeneration device 3, and from the power generation amount and gas usage amount. The power generation efficiency for each specific generated power of the cogeneration system, the hot water supply efficiency for each predetermined power generation of the cogeneration system from the amount of hot water supply and gas usage, and the hot water supply efficiency of the auxiliary heat source from the amount of hot water supply and the auxiliary heat source usage The power generation range of the cogeneration system is determined from the amount, and the maximum hot water storage amount is determined from the hot water storage amount. The power generation efficiency, hot water supply efficiency, power generation range, maximum hot water storage amount, and hot water supply efficiency of the auxiliary heat source for each predetermined generated power of the obtained cogeneration apparatus are cogeneration apparatus information. FIG. 5 shows an example of cogeneration apparatus information. When the generated power in the first column is the power generation efficiency in the second row and the hot water supply efficiency in the third row, the minimum power generation is 300 W, the maximum power is 1000 W, and the maximum hot water storage amount is 120,000 Wh. The auxiliary heat source efficiency is 80%.

  Further, the cogeneration device operation prediction unit 13 receives the cogeneration power load and predicted hot water supply load for each priority power from the cogeneration device load calculation unit 12, and the power charge system, gas charge system, and gas CO2 emission coefficient from the parameter acquisition unit 11. And the power purchase CO2 emission coefficient, and for each priority power, the predicted start / stop time that is the start / stop time of the cogeneration apparatus 3 and the predicted hot water storage amount that is the predicted amount of hot water storage every 60 minutes are given priority. Cogeneration operation information that is a charge for each electric power and CO2 emission amount is obtained. When the priority power source is the solar power generation device 2, the predicted solar power load and the predicted hot water supply load are used, and when the priority power source is the cogeneration device 3, the predicted power load and the predicted hot water supply load are used. As a prediction method, a simulation method of the operation of the cogeneration apparatus 3 is used. In the present embodiment, a simulation is used to predict the operation of the cogeneration apparatus 3, but it may be predicted from a past driving history. FIG. 6 shows an example of cogeneration operation information. In the example shown in FIG. 6, the first line shows information on the priority power source, the second line shows the predicted hot water storage amount that is the amount of hot water stored every 60 minutes, and the cogeneration system is used when the priority power source is the solar power generation device 2. The estimated start / stop time of No. 3 is 16:00 to 23:00, the fuel gas and commercial power generated on the day are 297 yen, and the CO2 emission generated on the day is 13 kg-CO2. Is shown. When the priority power source is the cogeneration device 3, the predicted start / stop time of the cogeneration device 3 is from 6:00 to 23:00, and the price of the gas and commercial power generated per day is 485 yen, 1 day. This indicates that the amount of CO2 emission generated in is 22 kg-CO2.

  The cogeneration device information and cogeneration operation information obtained here are output to the optimum operation time calculation unit 14.

  The optimum operation time calculation unit 14 acquires the predicted photovoltaic power generation from the solar power generation prediction unit 7, acquires the cogeneration device information and cogeneration operation information of the cogeneration device 3 from the cogeneration device operation prediction unit 13, and loads The predicted power load, the predicted hot water supply load, the predicted power load for each predicted device, and the predicted hot water load for each predicted device are acquired from the prediction unit 8, the power charge system and the gas charge system of a plurality of power supply companies are acquired from the parameter acquisition unit 11, And the optimum power information including the priority power source that minimizes CO2 emission, the operation time of the device, and the shifted power load and the shifted hot water supply load when the operation time is changed. Thereafter, the charge and CO2 emission amount corresponding to the combination of the operation times of the device 5 are output to the information display unit 9, and the optimal operation information is output to the power supply switching method determination unit 15.

  FIG. 7 shows a flowchart of the optimum operation time calculation unit 14 and will be described.

  First, in Step 20, the amount of reduction in charge when the operation times of a plurality of devices are changed is repeatedly calculated for the combination of the operation times of a plurality of devices, of which the operation time of the device with the largest amount of charge reduction is Extract the amount of charge reduction.

  Next, in Step 21, the operation time of the device with the lowest charge and its charge are calculated by subtracting the reduction amount of the extracted maximum charge from the charge before the change of the operation time of the device included in the acquired cogeneration operation information. To do. Step 20 and Step 21 also process the CO2 emission amount, and calculate the operation time and the emission amount of the device having the smallest CO2 emission amount.

  Next, in Step 22, the charge calculated for each priority power supply and the CO2 emission amount are compared, and the priority power supply with the smallest charge or CO2 emission amount and the operation time of the device are extracted.

  Finally, in Step 23, in order to output the main power and the main hot water supply load provided by the cogeneration apparatus 3, the shifted power load and the post-shift hot water load when the operation time is changed from the cogeneration power load and the predicted power load. calculate.

  Through a series of processing, it is possible to derive the priority power source that can reduce the charge most and the operation time of the plurality of devices 5, and the priority power source that can reduce the CO2 emission amount and the operation time of the plurality of devices 5 most.

  FIG. 8 shows a flow chart for calculating a charge and a reduction amount of CO2 emission when the operation time of the device 5 is changed in the optimum operation time calculation unit 14, and description will be made based on this. The series of processing shown in FIG. 8 is performed for each priority power source.

  First, at Step 30, the charge reduction amount and the CO2 reduction amount are initialized.

  Next, in Step 31, based on the cogeneration power load, the predicted hot water storage amount, and the predicted start / stop time, the charge, CO2 emission amount, and integrated hot water supply amount for one day before the operation time of the device 5 is changed are calculated. The accumulated hot water supply amount is the sum of the daily hot water supply amounts of the cogeneration system 3, and is calculated to correct the amount of increase and decrease in the charge and the CO2 emission amount.

  Next, the processing from Step 32 to Step 37 in FIG. 8 is repeated as many times as the number of combinations of operation times of the plurality of devices 5. For example, when the operation time change time interval is 60 minutes and the device 5 capable of changing the operation time is a dishwasher, a washing dryer, and a garbage disposal machine, the number of repetitions is 1440/60 cubed. Times (13824 times). However, since the user input unit designates a time zone in which the operation can be started for each device 5, when the time zone of the dishwasher is 21:00 to 6:00, 10 × 24 × 24 = 5760 Times.

  In the repetitive processing, first, when the operation time of the device 5 is changed, it is determined whether or not the amount of hot water stored in the tank of the cogeneration apparatus is full. When the amount of hot water storage is full, it is necessary to stop the cogeneration apparatus or to dissipate the generated hot water supply heat in order to continue operating the cogeneration apparatus, resulting in deterioration in energy saving and economic efficiency. Therefore, in the case of the combination of the operation times of the devices 5 in which the hot water storage amount is full, the subsequent processing is not performed, and the processing is skipped to the combination of the operation times of the next device 5.

  In Step 33, an operation time changed hot water storage amount that is a hot water storage amount after the operation time of the device 5 is changed based on the cogeneration power load is obtained from the predicted hot water storage amount, and a determination is made as to whether the predicted hot water storage amount exceeds the tank capacity. Do. If the hot water storage completion flag is 1 in the processing of Step 33, the subsequent processing is not performed for the combination of operating times being calculated, and the next operating time combination is performed. When the hot water storage completion flag is 0 and the tank is not full, the charge, the CO2 emission amount, and the integrated hot water supply amount after the change of the operation time of the device 5 are calculated in Step 34. As a calculation method, the same method as the method obtained in Step 31 described above is used.

  Next, in Step 35, a charge and a reduction amount of the CO2 emission amount by changing the operation time of the device 5 are obtained.

  Charges and CO2 emission reductions are calculated by the following (Equation 1) and (Equation 2).

  Next, the reduction amount of the charge stored in Step 36 is compared with the reduction amount of the charge when the operation time of the device 5 is changed, and if it is larger, a new operation time combination is stored. Similar processing is performed for CO2 emission.

  Finally, the charge for each priority power supply and the CO2 reduction amount calculated by subtracting the calculated charge for each priority power supply and CO2 emission from the charge for each priority power acquired from the cogeneration apparatus operation prediction unit 13 and the operation time of the device 5 for each priority power supply. Calculate the charge and CO2 emissions when changing. Furthermore, the charge for each priority power supply is compared, the combination of the low-charge power supply and the operation time of the device 5 is the case where the charge is the least, and similarly, the CO2 emission amount for each priority power supply is compared to reduce the CO2 emission The combination of the power source and the operating time of the device 5 is assumed to be the case where the amount of CO2 emission is the smallest.

  Thereby, it is possible to calculate a combination of the priority power source and the operation time of the device 5 when the reduction target is minimized. The charge and CO2 emission amount for each reduction target are output to the information display unit 9. In addition, for each reduction target, the combination of the priority power source and the operation time of the device 5 when the reduction target is the minimum, the main power amount after changing the operation time of the device 5 and the main hot water supply amount and the post-shift power load and the post-shift The optimum operation information that is the hot water supply load is output to the power supply switching method determination unit 15.

  Next, FIG. 9 shows a detailed flow of processing for calculating the charge, CO2 emission amount, and integrated hot water supply amount for one day before the operation time of the device 5 is changed in Step 31 of FIG. The power load in the figure is the cogeneration power load, PV is the predicted solar power generation amount, the power generation amount is the power generation amount of the cogeneration device 3, FC_MIN is the minimum power generation amount of the cogeneration device, and FC_MAX is the power generation amount of the cogeneration device. The maximum power generation is shown respectively. At Step 400, the charge and the CO2 emission amount are initialized, and the next step 401 to Step 425 are repeated every 60 minutes for every time interval to integrate the charge and CO2 emission amount for one day. In the repetitive processing, first, it is determined whether the time interval processed in Step 402 is that the cogeneration apparatus 3 is being activated using the predicted activation stop time. If it is activated, the type of priority power source is determined in Step 403.

  If the priority power source is the solar power generation device 2, the magnitude relationship among the cogeneration power load, the predicted solar power generation amount, the minimum power generation amount and the maximum power generation amount of the cogeneration device 3 is determined in Step 404, Step 405, Step 408, and Step 410. The power purchase amount and the power sale amount for each time interval and the power generation amount of the cogeneration apparatus 3 are obtained.

  Similarly, if the priority power source is the cogeneration device 3, the magnitude relationship between the cogeneration power load, the predicted photovoltaic power generation amount, the minimum power generation amount and the maximum power generation amount of the cogeneration device 3 is expressed as Step 412, Step 414, Step 416, and Step 418. Judgment is made, and the amount of electric power purchased, the amount of electric power sold, and the amount of electric power generated by the cogeneration apparatus 3 are obtained for each time interval.

  Returning to the repetition processing for every time interval, when the cogeneration apparatus 3 is stopped in Step 402, the power generation amount of the cogeneration apparatus 3 is set to 0 in Step 403, and the magnitude relationship between the cogeneration power load and the predicted solar power generation amount Are determined in Step 421 and Step 423, and the amount of power purchased and the amount of power sold for each time interval are obtained.

  Through the above steps, the power generation amount, the power purchase amount, and the power sale amount of the cogeneration apparatus 3 for each time interval are obtained, and the charge and the CO2 emission amount are integrated at Step 425.

  The charge for each time interval, the CO2 emission amount, and the hot water supply amount are obtained using the following (Equation 3) to (Equation 5).

  Here, the power generation amount, power generation efficiency, and hot water supply efficiency indicate the power generation amount, power generation efficiency, and hot water supply efficiency of the cogeneration apparatus 3.

  Next, in FIG. 10, the operation time changed hot water storage amount that is the hot water storage amount after the operation time of the device 5 is changed based on the cogeneration power load is obtained from the predicted hot water storage amount in Step 33 of FIG. A detailed flow of processing for determining whether or not the capacity is exceeded will be described and described.

  First, at Step 500, a hot water storage completion flag is initialized. Next, in order to update the predicted hot water storage amount every 60 minutes, the process for each time interval between Step 501 and Step 509 is repeated. In Step 502, it is determined whether or not the processing time is related to the change of the operating time. If the time is related, the process proceeds to Step 503, and if not related, the subsequent process is not performed, and the process proceeds to Step 509 to perform the process for the next time interval. In Step 503, it is determined whether the cogeneration apparatus 3 is being activated. If it is during stoppage, it is desired to generate hot water, so that the subsequent processing is not performed, and the process proceeds to Step 509 to perform processing at the next time interval. If the cogeneration apparatus 3 is being activated, in step 504, the hot water supply amount before and after the operation time change is calculated.

  FIG. 11 shows a detailed flow of Step 504 for calculating the amount of hot water supply, which will be described. In the figure, PV indicates the predicted solar power generation amount, the power generation amount indicates the power generation amount of the cogeneration device 3, FC_MIN indicates the minimum power generation amount of the cogeneration device, and FC_MAX indicates the maximum power generation amount of the cogeneration device.

  First, the power generation amount is initialized at Step 600. Next, the time interval processed in Step 601 determines whether the cogeneration apparatus 3 is being activated using the predicted activation stop time. If it is activated, the type of priority power source is determined in Step 602.

  If the priority power source is the photovoltaic power generation device 2, the cogeneration power load, the predicted photovoltaic power generation amount, the minimum power generation amount and the maximum power generation amount of the cogeneration device 3 are determined in Step 603, Step 605, and Step 607. The power generation amount of the generation device 3 is obtained.

  Similarly, if the priority power source is the cogeneration device 3, the magnitude relationship between the cogeneration power load, the predicted solar power generation amount, the minimum power generation amount and the maximum power generation amount of the cogeneration device 3 is determined in Step 609, Step 611, and Step 613. The power generation amount of the cogeneration apparatus 3 is obtained.

  When the cogeneration apparatus 3 is stopped at Step 601, the power generation amount is not generated, and thus remains 0.

  Finally, the power generation amount of the cogeneration apparatus 3, Step 615, the charge and the CO2 emission amount are integrated. The amount of hot water supply is obtained by the same equation as in (Equation 5).

  The processing from Step 600 to Step 615 of FIG. 11 which is Step 504 of FIG. 10 is performed before and after the operation time of the device is changed from the cogeneration power load that is the main power that the cogeneration apparatus 3 should cover, before and after the operation time change. Calculate the amount of hot water supply.

  After obtaining the amount of hot water before and after the operation time in Step 504, in Step 505 of FIG. 10, the amount of increase or decrease in the amount of stored hot water is calculated by subtracting the amount of hot water after the change in operation time from before the change in operation time. The increase / decrease amount of the hot water storage amount is added to the hot water storage amount for each time interval from the time t to 1440 minutes when the day ends, and the post-shift hot water storage amount is corrected.

  Next, it is determined whether or not the hot water storage amount after time t exceeds the maximum hot water storage amount of the tank for the post-shift hot water storage amount corrected in Step 507. If exceeded, the hot water storage completion flag is set to 1 in Step 508, and the process is terminated without performing the subsequent hot water storage completion amount check process. If not, the process is repeated for the next time interval, and ends when there are no more time intervals to process.

  FIG. 12 shows an example of the optimum operation information calculated by the optimum operation information calculation unit 14. When the reduction target is shown in the first line and the amount of CO2 emission is the smallest, the priority power source is the solar power generator 2, and the operation time of the equipment is 11:00 for the first time of the dishwasher and 2nd time for the equipment. 22:00, washing machine is 14:00, garbage processing machine is 8:00, and power after shift which is the main power every 60 minutes after changing the operating time of equipment An example of a load and a post-shift hot water supply load that is a main hot water supply load every 60 minutes is shown. When the charge is the lowest, the priority power supply is the cogeneration apparatus 3, and the operation time of the equipment is 14:00 for the first dishwasher, 5:00 for the second time, and 15:00 for the washing machine. This indicates that the garbage processing machine is 10:00, and subsequently, the post-shift power load, which is the main power every 60 minutes after the operation time of the device is changed, and the main hot water supply load every 60 minutes The post-shift hot water supply load is shown.

  FIG. 13 shows an example of the cogeneration load before changing the operating time of the device and the shifted power load after changing the operating time of the device when the CO2 emission amount in the example of FIG. 12 is minimized. Explaining this result, since CO2 is not discharged from the power generation of the solar power generation device 2, the amount of power used at night is shifted to daytime, and the power of the solar power generation device 2 is used as much as possible. .

  FIG. 14 shows the cogeneration load and the shifted power load before changing the operation time of the device when the charge in the example of FIG. 12 is minimized. Explaining this result, since the unit price of the generated power of the solar power generation device 2 is higher than the power generation cost of the cogeneration device 3, the solar power generation device generates power to the extent that the cogeneration device 3 does not exceed the power generation upper limit in the daytime. The power generated in 2 is sold and a profit is gained. In addition, the predicted start / stop time of the cogeneration device is from 6:00 to 23:00, and the cogeneration load before the operation time change is 15:00, which is below the minimum power generation amount of the cogeneration device 3, The operating time of the washing machine is 15:00, indicating that unnecessary power generation is prevented.

  As described above, the optimum operation time calculation unit 14 accurately calculates the operation time of the priority power supply and the plurality of devices for each reduction target, instead of the simulation process with high calculation cost performed by the cogeneration apparatus operation prediction unit 13. Is.

  The power supply switching method determination unit 15 acquires optimal operation information from the optimal operation time calculation unit 14 and acquires a reduction target that is a charge or a CO2 emission amount from the user input unit 10. In accordance with the reduction target, the power supply switching method determination unit 15 determines the priority power supply and the operation time of the plurality of devices 5, outputs a power supply switching command designating the type of priority power supply to the power supply switch 4, and supplies it to the device 5. The operation time is output, and the power load and the post-shift power load and the post-shift hot water supply load that are assumed at the time interval when the operation time of the device 5 is changed to the cogeneration apparatus 3 are changed.

  According to such a configuration, the optimum operating time calculation unit 14 repeatedly changes the operating power of the power source and the operating times of the plurality of devices, thereby preferentially using the power source to minimize the charge and operating time. It is possible to calculate the time when the device is operated, and to improve the efficiency for the reduction target.

  In addition, the optimum operating time calculation unit 14 calculates the power source to be preferentially used when the reduction target such as the charge and the CO2 emission amount is minimized and the operation time of the plurality of devices, and the optimum priority power source for the plurality of reduction targets Since the power supply switching method determination unit 15 acquires the operation time of the device, the user can select a reduction target from a plurality of items, and can efficiently operate the power switch 4, the cogeneration apparatus 3, and the device 5. it can.

  In the present embodiment, the charges to be reduced and the CO2 emission amount are used as the reduction target.

  The energy supply and demand method according to the present invention is useful as a power source for supplying energy and a system for controlling the operation time of equipment for each reduction target such as a charge and CO2 emission when having a plurality of energy supply devices. is there. In addition, the cogeneration system of the present invention is applied to a generator that generates electric power and thermal energy, using a prime mover such as a gas engine or a gas turbine as a drive source, or a fuel cell by electrolysis using gas as fuel. be able to.

Block diagram in an embodiment of the present invention The figure which shows the table | surface explaining the switching method according to power supply of the power switch 4 in embodiment of this invention. Flow diagram of cogeneration apparatus load calculation unit 12 in the embodiment of the present invention The figure which shows an example of the cogeneration electric power load for every priority power supply in embodiment of this invention The figure which shows an example of the cogeneration apparatus information in embodiment of this invention The figure which shows an example of the cogeneration operation | movement information in embodiment of this invention Flow chart of optimum operation time calculation unit 14 in the embodiment of the present invention The flowchart at the time of calculating the reduction amount of the optimal operation time calculating part 14 in embodiment of this invention Flowchart of Step 31 in the flowchart when calculating the reduction amount of the optimum operation time calculation unit 14 in the embodiment of the present invention. Flow chart of Step 33 in the flow chart when calculating the reduction amount of the optimum operation time calculator 14 in the embodiment of the present invention. Flow chart of Step 504 in the flow chart (FIG. 10) for calculating the hot water storage amount in order to calculate the reduction amount of the optimum operation time calculation unit 14 in the embodiment of the present invention. The figure which shows an example of the optimal operation information in embodiment of this invention The figure which shows an example of the prediction electric power load in the case of minimizing CO2 discharge | emission amount in embodiment of this invention, and the electric power load after a shift The figure which shows an example of the prediction electric power load in the case of minimizing the charge in embodiment of this invention, and the electric power load after a shift Block diagram of conventional energy supply and demand method

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Commercial power supply 2 Solar power generation device 3 Cogeneration apparatus 4 Power switch 5 Equipment 6 Communication network 7 Photovoltaic power generation prediction part 8 Load prediction part 9 Information display part 10 User input part 11 Parameter acquisition part 12 Cogeneration apparatus load calculation part 13 Cogeneration device operation prediction unit 14 Optimal operation time calculation unit 15 Power supply switching method determination unit

Claims (9)

It is internally controlled to supply the optimal balance between the commercial power supplied by the power supply company, the generated power from the solar power generator that generates power by receiving sunlight, and the power and hot water supply heat. A power switch that switches the supply amount of the generated power from the cogeneration device according to the main power amount, which is the power consumption amount of the entire home, and supplies it to the home,
Solar power generation that acquires the power generation amount of the solar power generation device from the power switch, acquires weather information from a communication network, and calculates predicted solar power generation power that is the predicted power generation amount of the solar power generation device on the day A predictor;
The main power amount is acquired from the power switch, the main hot water amount is used as the hot water supply heat consumption of the entire household from the cogeneration device, and at least one or more of at least one of electric power and hot water is consumed Obtaining the power consumption amount and the hot water supply heat amount for each device from the device, the predicted power load that is the predicted amount of the main power amount for each predetermined time interval, the predicted hot water supply load that is the predicted amount of the main hot water supply amount, A load prediction unit that calculates a predicted power load for each device that is a predicted amount of power consumption and a predicted hot water load that is a predicted amount of hot water consumption for each device;
Obtaining the predicted photovoltaic power from the photovoltaic power prediction unit, and the predicted power load and the predicted hot water supply load from the load prediction unit;
For each of the case where the priority power source, which is the power source of the power used preferentially, is the solar power generation device and the cogeneration device,
A predicted hot water storage amount that is a predicted amount of hot water storage of the cogeneration device, and
A predicted start / stop time that is a prediction of the start / stop time of the cogeneration device;
A cogeneration device operation prediction unit for calculating a charge generated by gas use within a predetermined time and electric power trading with the commercial power source and CO2 emission amount;
The predicted photovoltaic power from the photovoltaic power generation prediction unit,
The predicted hot water storage amount and the predicted start / stop time from the cogeneration device operation prediction unit,
From the load prediction unit, the predicted power load, the predicted hot water supply load, the device-specific power load, and the device-specific hot water load,
Get the calculation parameters from the communication network,
At least one of the priority power supply and the CO2 emission amount is reduced from the charge and the CO2 emission amount resulting from the change by changing the operating time of the priority power supply and at least one of the devices, respectively. The above operating time of the device,
An optimum operation time calculation unit that calculates optimum operation information including the shifted power load and the shifted hot water supply load that are the main power amount and the main hot water supply amount after changing the operation time;
Obtaining the optimum operation information from the optimum operation time calculation unit,
From the optimum operation information, the priority power source, the operation time, the post-shift power load, and the post-shift hot water supply load that minimize the reduction target that is the charge or the CO2 emission amount selected by the user are extracted. And
Output a power switch command that is information of the priority power to the power switch,
Based on the post-shift power load and the post-shift hot water supply load, the post-shift power load and the post-shift hot water supply load are output to the cogeneration apparatus controlled to supply power and hot water supply heat in an optimal balance,
An energy supply and demand apparatus comprising: a power supply switching method determination unit that outputs an operation time to the device. The energy supply and demand apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an information display unit that acquires and displays a minimum quantity of the reduction target for each of the reduction targets calculated by the optimal operation time calculation unit. The energy supply and demand apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the calculation parameters are an electricity charge system, a gas charge system, a gas CO2 emission coefficient, and a purchased power CO2 emission coefficient. The weather information that the photovoltaic power generation prediction unit acquires from the communication network is the weather forecast of the day and the weather information that is the past weather information, and the solar power generation prediction unit is the past weather information and the amount of power generation The relationship is derived, and the predicted photovoltaic power generation, which is the amount of electric power generated by the photovoltaic power generation device at predetermined time intervals on the day, is calculated based on the weather forecast on the day. The energy supply and demand device described in 1. The cogeneration device operation prediction unit obtains an auxiliary heat source gas usage amount which is a power generation amount, a hot water supply amount, a hot water storage amount, a gas usage amount, a power usage amount and a gas usage amount of an auxiliary heat source from the cogeneration device,
The power generation efficiency for each predetermined power generation interval of the cogeneration device from the power generation amount and the gas usage amount,
From the hot water supply amount, the gas usage amount, and the auxiliary heat source gas usage amount, the hot water supply efficiency for each predetermined generated power interval of the cogeneration device and the hot water supply efficiency of the auxiliary heat source,
From the amount of power generated, the power generation range of the cogeneration system
The energy supply and demand device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a maximum hot water storage amount is obtained from the hot water storage amount. 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a parameter acquisition unit that acquires the calculation parameter from the plurality of power supply companies and the gas supply company for each predetermined period from the communication network and outputs the calculation parameter to the optimum operation time calculation unit. The energy supply and demand apparatus according to claim 1. The user input unit outputs a usage ratio of the generated power of the photovoltaic power generation device and the generated power of the cogeneration device input by the user to the optimum operation time calculation unit, and the optimum operation time calculation unit uses the power to be used Output the power switching command to the power switching device so that the usage ratio obtained is the same, and output to the cogeneration device the power load and hot water supply load provided by the cogeneration device, The energy supply and demand device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the operation time is output to the power source. It is internally controlled to supply the optimal balance between the commercial power supplied by the power supply company, the generated power from the solar power generator that generates power by receiving sunlight, and the power and hot water supply heat. A power source switching step of switching the supply amount according to the main power amount, which is the power consumption amount of the entire home, and supplying the generated power from the cogeneration device to the home,
Solar power generation that acquires the power generation amount of the solar power generation device from the power switch, acquires weather information from a communication network, and calculates predicted solar power generation power that is the predicted power generation amount of the solar power generation device on the day A prediction step;
The main power amount is acquired from the power switch, the main hot water amount that is the amount of hot water supply for the entire household is acquired from the cogeneration device, and at least one of at least one of power and hot water is consumed. The amount of power consumption and the amount of hot water consumption for each device are acquired from the devices of the above, the predicted power load that is the predicted amount of the main power amount for each predetermined time interval, the predicted hot water load that is the predicted amount of the main hot water amount, and the device A load prediction step for calculating a predicted power load for each device that is a predicted amount of another power consumption and a predicted hot water load that is a predicted amount of hot water consumption for each device;
Obtaining the predicted photovoltaic power from the photovoltaic power generation prediction step, and the predicted power load and the predicted hot water supply load from the load prediction step;
For each of the case where the priority power source, which is the power source of the power used preferentially, is the solar power generation device and the cogeneration device,
A predicted hot water storage amount that is a predicted amount of hot water storage of the cogeneration device, and
A predicted start / stop time that is a prediction of the start / stop time of the cogeneration device;
A cogeneration apparatus operation prediction step of calculating a charge generated by gas use within a predetermined time and electric power trading with the commercial power source and a CO2 emission amount;
From the solar power generation prediction step, the predicted solar power generation power,
From the cogeneration apparatus operation prediction step, the predicted hot water storage amount and the predicted start / stop time,
From the load prediction step, the predicted power load, the predicted hot water supply load, the device-specific power load, and the device-specific hot water load,
Get the calculation parameters from the communication network,
At least one of the priority power supply and the CO2 emission amount is reduced from the charge and the CO2 emission amount generated as a result of changing the operation time of the priority power supply and at least one of the devices. The above operating time of the device,
An optimum operation time calculating step for calculating optimum operation information including the shifted power load and the shifted hot water supply load that are the main power amount and the main hot water supply amount after changing the operation time;
Obtaining the optimum operation information from the optimum operation time calculation step,
From the optimum operation information, extract the priority power source and the operation time of at least one or more devices that minimize the reduction target that is the charge or the CO2 emission amount selected by the user,
Output a power switch command that is information of the priority power to the power switch,
Based on the post-shift power load and the post-shift hot water supply load, the post-shift power load and the post-shift hot water supply load are output to the cogeneration apparatus controlled to supply power and hot water supply heat in an optimal balance,
And a power supply switching method determining step for outputting an optimum operating time to the device. It is internally controlled to supply the computer with the optimal balance between the commercial power supplied from the power supply company, the solar power generator that generates power by receiving sunlight, and the power and hot water supply heat. A power supply switcher that switches the supply amount of the generated power from the cogeneration device according to the main power amount, which is the power consumption amount of the entire household, and supplies it to the home,
The power generation amount of the solar power generation device is acquired from the power switch, the weather information is acquired from a communication network such as the Internet, and the predicted solar power generation that is the predicted power generation amount of the solar power generation device on the day is calculated. A photovoltaic power generation prediction unit;
The main power amount is acquired from the power switch, the main hot water amount that is the hot water use amount of the entire household is acquired from the cogeneration device, and at least one or more of at least one of electric power and hot water is consumed Obtaining the power consumption amount and the hot water supply heat amount for each device from the device, the predicted power load that is the predicted amount of the main power amount for each predetermined time interval, the predicted hot water supply load that is the predicted amount of the main hot water supply amount, A load prediction unit that calculates a predicted power load for each device that is a predicted amount of power consumption and a predicted hot water load that is a predicted amount of hot water consumption for each device;
Obtaining the predicted photovoltaic power from the photovoltaic power prediction unit, and the predicted power load and the predicted hot water supply load from the load prediction unit;
For each of the case where the priority power source, which is the power source of the power used preferentially, is the solar power generation device and the cogeneration device,
A predicted hot water storage amount that is a predicted amount of hot water storage of the cogeneration device, and
A predicted start / stop time that is a prediction of the start / stop time of the cogeneration device;
A cogeneration device operation prediction unit for calculating a charge generated by gas use within a predetermined time and electric power trading with the commercial power source and CO2 emission amount;
The predicted photovoltaic power from the photovoltaic power generation prediction unit,
The predicted hot water storage amount and the predicted start / stop time from the cogeneration device operation prediction unit,
From the load prediction unit, the predicted power load, the predicted hot water supply load, the device-specific power load, and the device-specific hot water load,
Get the calculation parameters from the communication network,
At least one of the priority power supply and the CO2 emission amount is reduced from the charge and the CO2 emission amount generated as a result of changing the operation time of the priority power supply and at least one of the devices. The above operating time of the device,
An optimum operation time calculation unit that calculates optimum operation information including the shifted power load and the shifted hot water supply load that are the main power amount and the main hot water supply amount after changing the operation time;
Obtaining the optimum operation information from the optimum operation time calculation unit,
From the optimum operation information, extract the priority power source and the operation time of at least one or more devices that minimize the reduction target that is the charge or the CO2 emission amount selected by the user,
Output a power switch command that is information of the priority power to the power switch,
Based on the post-shift power load and the post-shift hot water supply load, the post-shift power load and the post-shift hot water supply load are output to the cogeneration device controlled to supply power and hot water supply heat in an optimal balance,
A program for functioning as an energy supply and demand device, comprising: a power supply switching method determining unit that outputs an optimum operating time to the device.

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