JP2006288016A - Operation support system of distributed power supply, carbon dioxide emission unit consumption calculation system, and distributed power supply controller - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a support system of distributed power supply for reducing emission of carbon dioxide. <P>SOLUTION: The operation support system 100 of distributed power supply comprises a carbon dioxide emission unit consumption calculation system 60, and a distributed power supply controller 72. The carbon dioxide emission unit consumption calculation system 60 calculates the emission unit consumption of power being supplied from a commercial power system 10 based on the generator output from power-plants 11-13 and transmits the emission unit consumption to the distributed power supply controller 72. The distributed power supply controller controls a distributed power supply 71 such that total emission of carbon dioxide is reduced in the entirety including the commercial power system 10 and the distributed power supply 71 when power is generated. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an operation support system for a distributed power supply, a carbon dioxide emission intensity calculation system, and a distributed power supply control device.

In private power generation, a distributed power supply that generates power by burning fossil fuels such as oil and gas and supplies it to an electric load in a customer premises is often used. These distributed power supply apparatuses are rarely operated completely independently of the commercial power system, and generally have a configuration that receives power from the commercial power system and supplies power to the load. An example of such a distributed power supply apparatus is shown in Patent Document 1.
As a method for operating such a distributed power source, one that gives top priority to economic efficiency is generally used. In other words, since the power supplied from the commercial power system is relatively inexpensive at night, the distributed power supply is stopped and all power consumption is received from the commercial power system. Since the supplied power is relatively expensive, the operation method is to operate the distributed power source to reduce the power received from the commercial power system.

JP 2004-15882 A

  However, in the operation of the conventional distributed power source, there has been a problem that the operation is not performed in consideration of the environmental property in which only economic efficiency is pursued and carbon dioxide emission is suppressed.

  The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and includes a distributed power supply operation support system, a carbon dioxide emission intensity calculation system, and a distributed power supply control device that suppress carbon dioxide emissions. provide.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an operation support system for a distributed power source according to the present invention generates power by burning fossil fuel, and supplies power to an external customer load. A distributed power supply operation support system that includes one or more power plants and supplies power to the customer load according to the status of the external commercial power system, based on the generator output of the power plant Based on the carbon dioxide emission intensity calculation system that calculates the carbon dioxide emission intensity of power supplied from the commercial power system and the generator output of the distributed power supply, carbon dioxide emission of power supplied from the distributed power supply In addition to calculating the basic unit, the consumer load is reduced based on the carbon dioxide emission basic unit of power supplied from the commercial power grid and the carbon dioxide emission basic unit of power supplied from the distributed power source. It calculates a total emission amount of carbon dioxide corresponding to the power to be, so that the total discharge amount becomes less, to control the generator output of the distributed power supply, and a distributed power controller.

  A carbon dioxide emission basic unit calculation system according to the present invention is a carbon dioxide emission basic unit calculation system for calculating a carbon dioxide emission basic unit of electric power fed from a commercial electric power system, the power generation included in the commercial electric power system. Receives information about the generator output of the plant, calculates the CO2 emission intensity of the power supplied from the power plant based on the generator output, and generates the carbon dioxide emission source of the power supplied from the generator output and the power plant. Based on the unit, the unit calculates the carbon dioxide emission intensity of power supplied from the commercial power system, and transmits information on the carbon dioxide emission intensity of power supplied from the commercial power system to the external distributed power control device .

  The distributed power supply control apparatus according to the present invention is a distributed power supply control apparatus that controls an external distributed power supply. The distributed power supply generates power by burning fossil fuels, and external customer loads. The customer load receives information on the carbon dioxide emission intensity of the power supplied from the commercial power system in the distributed power control device that is also supplied from the commercial power system, and the generator output of the distributed power source Based on the above, the CO2 emission intensity of power supplied from the distributed power source is calculated, the CO2 emission intensity of power supplied from the commercial power system, and the CO2 emission intensity of power supplied from the distributed power source. Based on the above, the total discharge amount of carbon dioxide corresponding to the power consumed by the consumer load is calculated, and the generator output of the distributed power source is controlled so that the total discharge amount becomes smaller.

  The distributed power source driving support system, the carbon dioxide emission intensity calculation system, and the distributed power source control device according to the present invention are configured so that the carbon dioxide emission amount is reduced throughout the entire power supply system and the distributed power source. Since the distributed power source is controlled, carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 shows a configuration including a driving support system 100, which is an optimal environmental driving support system for a distributed power source according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
A commercial power system 10 is configured to supply power to consumers. The commercial power system 10 includes one or a combination of a nuclear power plant 11, a thermal power plant 12, and a hydropower plant 13 as power plants. Other power generation methods, that is, a power plant using wind power generation or solar power generation may be included.

In the thermal power plant 12, carbon dioxide is discharged because fossil fuels such as gas and oil are burned for power generation. The amount of carbon dioxide emission per unit of electric power generated by the generator of the thermal power plant 12 is defined as a carbon dioxide emission basic unit α ₁₂ (unit: kg / kWh).

The carbon dioxide emission intensity alpha _12, when the generator output P ₁₂ approaches the rated decreases from the power generation efficiency is enhanced, shows a characteristic example according to the curve shown in (a) (b) of FIG. Curve (a) is a characteristic in the case of steam power generation, and curve (b) is a characteristic in the case of combined cycle power generation. This curve is different for each generator of thermal power plants 12, also, varies depending on the temperature T ₁₂ in the vicinity of the power plant.
Regarding the nuclear power plant 11 and the hydroelectric power plant 13, since carbon dioxide is not normally discharged during power generation, the carbon dioxide emission intensity is regarded as 0 regardless of the generator output. However, if there is something other than the thermal power plant 12 that generates carbon dioxide at the time of power generation, it may be included in the calculation of the carbon dioxide emission intensity as in the thermal power plant 12.
Note that, in the commercial power system 10, the nuclear power plant 11 and the flow-in hydropower plant 13 are normally in rated operation, and the thermal power plant 12 is stopped or the output is reduced at night when power demand decreases. Therefore, the ratio of the output of the nuclear power plant 11 and the flow-in hydropower plant 13 in the total power output of the commercial power system becomes relatively large. Since the nuclear power plant 11 and the inflow-type hydropower plant 13 do not emit carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide emission intensity of power supplied from the entire commercial power system 10 decreases at night and increases during the day.

The commercial power system 10 includes one or a plurality of substations 18. The electric power generated at the power plants 11 to 13 is transported to consumers through a transmission / distribution power network including the substation 18.
A consumer load 80 is connected to the commercial power system 10. This consumer load 80 consumes the electric power supplied from the commercial power system 10 according to the load fluctuation of the consumer.

A distributed power supply 70 that can generate power independently of the commercial power system 10 is connected to the customer load 80. It is conceivable that the consumer load 80 is partly shared from the commercial power system 10 and the distributed power supply 70 or the entire amount is supplied from one side.
The distributed power supply device 70 includes a distributed power supply 71 that generates power and a distributed power supply control device 72 that controls the distributed power supply 71. The distributed power supply device 70 is, for example, a device (monogeneration system) for the purpose of providing only electric power.
The customer load 80 and the distributed power supply 70 are installed on the customer 90 premises.

The distributed power source 71 generates power using the combustion of fossil fuel, and therefore discharges carbon dioxide along with power generation. Like the power carbon dioxide emissions intensity alpha ₁₂ of the thermal power plant 12 described above, it defines a carbon dioxide emission intensity alpha ₇₁ of power in the distributed power supply 71.

On the other hand, the power plants 11 to 13 included in the commercial power system 10 are connected to the power security communication network 51, and each power plant 11 to 13 has an output state of the power generator that it owns toward the power security communication network 51. The operation data which is the information about is transmitted. This operation data includes a generator ID that identifies the generator of the power plant, a value of each generator output P ₁₂ of the power plant, and a temperature T ₁₂ near the power plant.
The power security communication network 51 is further connected to a carbon dioxide emission basic unit calculation system 60 that performs calculations relating to the carbon dioxide emission basic unit. The carbon dioxide emission intensity calculation system 60 is a computer that includes an arithmetic device, a storage device, and an input / output device. The carbon dioxide emission intensity calculation system 60 executes a program to receive the operation data of the power plants 11 to 13 from the power security communication network 51 and the commercial power system 10 based on the received operation data. It has a function of obtaining the carbon dioxide emission intensity of electric power and creating carbon dioxide emission intensity data, and a function of transmitting the carbon dioxide emission intensity data to an external public communication network.

The carbon dioxide emission basic unit calculation system 60 stores information on the characteristics of the carbon dioxide emission basic unit shown in FIG. 3 for all the generators of the thermal power plant 12 as information used in calculating the carbon dioxide emission basic unit. Yes. This information is, for example, a table including various values of P ₁₂ and T ₁₂ and α ₁₂ corresponding to each of the generators of the thermal power plant 12. Further, the generator each thermal power plant 12, alpha _{12 may} be a formula expressed as a function of _{P 12} and _{T 12.}

The carbon dioxide emission intensity calculation system 60 is further connected to the public communication network 52, and transmission of the carbon dioxide emission intensity data is performed toward the public communication network 52.
The above-described distributed power supply device 70 is also connected to the public communication network 52, and the distributed power supply control device 72 receives the carbon dioxide emission intensity data transmitted via the public communication network 52. Moreover, distributed power controller 72, customer load is configured so as to measure the power demand P ₈₀ is a power consumed, distributed according to the power demand P ₈₀ and received carbon dioxide emission intensity data The power supply 71 is controlled.
The above-described carbon dioxide emission intensity calculation system 60 and the distributed power supply control device 72 constitute the driving support system 100.

The distributed power supply control device 72 stores information on the characteristics of the carbon dioxide emission intensity of power shown in FIG. 4 as information used in the calculation of the carbon dioxide emission intensity. This information is, for example, a table containing the value of the temperature T ₇₁ in the vicinity of various generator output P ₇₁ and the generator in a distributed power supply 71, the value of alpha ₇₁ corresponding to each. Also, α ₇₁ may be an expression expressed as a P ₇₁ or T ₇₁ function.

The operation of the driving support system 100 included in the above configuration will be described below.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart for explaining the processing flow of the driving support system 100, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are graphs showing information on the carbon dioxide emission intensity of electric power used in the processing (in the characteristic table). May be).
First, in the flowchart of FIG. 2, the power plants 11 to 13 transmit operation data including respective generator outputs to the carbon dioxide emission intensity calculation system 60 (step S <b> 1). This transmission is performed for a certain period of time, for example, every 5 minutes, but may be shorter or longer. The carbon dioxide emission intensity calculation system 60 receives this operation data (step S2).

Next, the carbon dioxide emission intensity calculation system 60 calculates the carbon dioxide emission intensity α ₁₂ for each generator of the thermal power plant ₁₂ based on the generator output P ₁₂ and the temperature T ₁₂ included in the received operation data. Is performed (step S3). This calculation is performed according to the characteristic curve or characteristic table shown in FIG.
After power carbon dioxide emissions intensity alpha ₁₂ of calculated for each generator thermal power plant 12, carbon dioxide emission intensity calculation system 60, carbon dioxide emissions of the commercial power system 10 overall power to customer load 80 to calculate the intensity alpha ₁₀ (step S4). This calculation is performed using the following equation.

However, alpha _i and P _i are each generator power carbon dioxide emissions per unit and the output of the respective power plant 11 to 13, n is the total number of plants 11 to 13 included in the commercial power system 10, η is a transmission and distribution loss rate (for example, 0.05) of the commercial power system 10. As described above, for the nuclear power plant 11 and the hydroelectric power plant 13, the carbon dioxide emission intensity α _i of electric power is 0.
When the carbon dioxide emission basic unit α _{10 of} the electric power fed from the entire commercial power system 10 is calculated, the carbon dioxide emission basic unit calculation system 60 creates carbon dioxide emission basic unit data including this α ₁₀ , Transmission is performed toward the distributed power supply control device (step S5).

Distributed power controller 72 receives the carbon dioxide emission intensity data, with the value of the carbon dioxide emissions per unit alpha ₁₀ contained therein (step S6), and to further reduce the total emissions of carbon dioxide The value of the generator output P ₇₁ of the distributed power source 71 is calculated (step S7). Specifically, this is performed by calculating a carbon dioxide emission amount corresponding to the demand power P ₈₀ consumed by the customer load 80. That is, when the customer load 80 consumes the demand power P ₈₀ , the power P ₁₀ and P ₇₁ (where P ₁₀ + P ₇₁ = P ₈₀ ) received from the commercial power system 10 and the distributed power source 71 are generated. The sum of the carbon dioxide emissions α ₁₀ P ₁₀ and α ₇₁ P ₇₁ , that is, α ₁₀ P ₁₀ + α ₇₁ P ₇₁ is minimized.

Here, alpha ₁₀ is the value that is received as described above, is regarded as a constant in the step S7. Further, P ₁₀ = P ₈₀ −P ₇₁ , but P ₈₀ is a value measured as described above, and is regarded as a constant in step S7. Further, α ₇₁ is a function of P ₇₁ as shown in FIG. Therefore, if one value of P ₇₁ is selected, the value of the above-mentioned formula α ₁₀ P ₁₀ + α ₇₁ P ₇₁ is determined correspondingly. In this way, the distributed power supply control device 72 has a total carbon dioxide emission α ₁₀ P ₁₀ + α _{71 with} respect to various values of P ₇₁ (for example, in units of 1 kW, from 0 to the maximum generated power of the distributed power supply 71). calculating a P _71, to determine the P ₇₁ to further reduce the total emissions as the optimum value from among them.

Here, P ₁₀ and P ₇₁ each take 0 or a positive value. However, when the demand power P ₈₀ is larger than the contract power contracted with the operator of the commercial power grid, the power is received from the commercial power grid 10. to reduce power _{P 10} below the contracted _{power, P 71} is positive.
Further, according to the above calculation method, qualitatively, in the driving support system 100, the carbon dioxide emission basic unit α ₇₁ of the electric power of the distributed power source 71 is more than the carbon dioxide emission basic unit α ₁₀ of the electric power of the commercial power system 10. Is larger, the control is mainly based on the supply from the grid power, and in the opposite case, the control is mainly based on the supply from the distributed power source.

If further obtain an accurate control may be considered a house power consumption of thermal power plant 12 (such as a driving power of the pump) when calculating the power carbon dioxide emissions intensity alpha ₁₀ of the commercial power system 10 , when calculating carbon dioxide emissions intensity alpha ₇₁ of power distributed power supply 71, the power consumption of the auxiliary machine when driving the distributed power may be considered.

When the optimum value of the generator output P ₇₁ is determined, the distributed power control device 72 controls the generator output P ₇₁ of the distributed power supply 71 to match the value (step S8). Further, this control does not have to completely match the generator output P ₇₁ with the optimum value, and may be any control that changes the value closer to the optimum value, that is, reduces the total discharge amount.
Moreover, when determining an optimal value, you may consider not only the total discharge | emission amount of a carbon dioxide but economical efficiency. That is, as a result of the comparison of power costs, the total amount of carbon dioxide emission is not necessarily the lowest, as long as the total amount of carbon dioxide emission is reduced as a result.
Incidentally, distributed power controller 72, when the power demand P ₈₀ is changed, the newly calculates the optimum value for the value after change. That is, step S7 and step S8 are executed.

  As described above, according to the operation support system 100 for the distributed power supply according to the first embodiment, the distributed power supply 71 is further reduced so as to reduce the carbon dioxide emission throughout the entire commercial power system 10 and the distributed power supply 71. Since this control is performed, carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced. As a result, it becomes possible to operate a distributed power source integrated with system power that can ensure so-called environmental performance, and effects such as prevention of global warming can be obtained.

  In the first embodiment described above, the number of distributed power supply devices 70 is one, but a plurality may be used. Furthermore, a plurality of distributed power supply devices 70 may be connected to one customer load 80, or one distributed power supply device 70 may be connected to a plurality of customer loads 80. In this case, a plurality of distributed power supply control devices 72 are connected to the public communication network 52, and each distributed power supply 71 uses a characteristic curve or a characteristic table of the carbon dioxide emission intensity of the power.

Further, the distributed power control device 72 may follow the instructions of the operator without automatically performing the control in step S8. For example, the distributed power supply control device 72 includes a computer including input / output devices such as a keyboard and a display, and the distributed power supply 71 that reduces the carbon dioxide emission basic unit of the electric power of the commercial power system 10 and the carbon dioxide emission amount. The value of the generator output P ₇₁ may be output, and an instruction input by an operator in accordance with the value may be output.
In this way, the operator or customer can obtain an operational index based on environmentality in addition to an operational index based on economic efficiency. Because it can be changed, flexible operation is possible.

It is a figure which shows the structure containing the driving assistance system 100 of the distributed power supply which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. 4 is a flowchart showing a flow of processing in a configuration including a driving support system 100. In a thermal power plant 12 is a graph showing the relationship between the carbon dioxide emission intensity alpha ₁₂ of the power supplied from the generator output P ₁₂ and generator. In distributed power supply 71 is a graph showing the relationship between the carbon dioxide emission intensity alpha ₇₁ of the power supplied from the generator output P ₇₁ and the generator.

Explanation of symbols

  10 commercial power system, 11 power plant (nuclear power plant), 12 power plant (thermal power plant), 13 power plant (hydropower plant), 60 carbon dioxide emission intensity calculation system, 70 distributed power supply, 71 distributed Power supply, 72 Distributed power controller, 80 Customer load, 100 Distributed power operation support system.

Claims (3)

Operation of an external distributed power source that generates power by burning fossil fuels and supplies power to external customer loads,
A distributed power supply operation support system including one or a plurality of power plants and supplying power to the customer load according to a situation of an external commercial power system,
A carbon dioxide emission basic unit calculation system for calculating a carbon dioxide emission basic unit of electric power fed from the commercial power system based on a generator output of the power plant;
Based on the generator output of the distributed power source, calculate the carbon dioxide emission basic unit of the electric power fed from the distributed power source, the carbon dioxide emission basic unit of the electric power fed from the commercial power system, and the distributed type The total amount of carbon dioxide corresponding to the power consumed by the consumer load is calculated based on the carbon dioxide emission intensity of the power fed from the power source, and the dispersion is performed so that the total amount of emissions is smaller. An operation support system for a distributed power source, comprising: a distributed power source control device that controls the generator output of the power source. A carbon dioxide emission intensity calculation system for calculating a carbon dioxide emission intensity of electric power fed from a commercial power system,
Receiving information relating to the generator output of a power plant included in the commercial power system;
Based on the generator output, calculate the carbon dioxide emission intensity of power supplied from the power plant,
Based on the output of the generator and the carbon dioxide emission intensity of power supplied from the power plant, calculating the carbon dioxide emission intensity of power supplied from the commercial power system,
A carbon dioxide emission intensity calculation system for transmitting information related to a carbon dioxide emission intensity of power supplied from the commercial power system to an external distributed power supply control device. A distributed power supply control device for controlling an external distributed power supply,
The distributed power source generates power by burning fossil fuel, and supplies power to an external customer load.
In the distributed power supply control device, the consumer load is also fed from a commercial power system,
Receiving information on carbon dioxide emission intensity of power fed from the commercial power grid,
Based on the generator output of the distributed power source, calculate the carbon dioxide emission basic unit of the electric power fed from the distributed power source, the carbon dioxide emission basic unit of the electric power fed from the commercial power system, and the distributed type The total amount of carbon dioxide corresponding to the power consumed by the consumer load is calculated based on the carbon dioxide emission intensity of the power fed from the power source, and the dispersion is performed so that the total amount of emissions is smaller. A distributed power supply control device for controlling the generator output of a power supply.

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