JP4550747B2 - Clothes dryer - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a clothes dryer having a heat pump for drying clothes.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, clothes dryers having a heat pump for drying clothes have been attracting attention as having good drying performance and being effective in saving energy. In a clothes dryer equipped with this heat pump, the air in the drying chamber containing the clothes is circulated through the ventilation path in which the evaporator and condenser of the heat pump are arranged, and the air is cooled and dehumidified with the evaporator. The garment is gradually dried by repeatedly heating the air with a condenser, sequentially feeding it into the drying chamber, and passing air deprived of moisture through the air passage.

  Therefore, moisture generated when the clothes are dried is collected by the evaporator, the latent heat absorbed in the folding is converted into a high-temperature refrigerant state by the compressor, and reused as energy for heating the air by the condenser. In this way, the energy can be reused without losing almost any energy except for a slight heat loss outside. Therefore, efficient drying can be realized.

  However, in the heat pump during the drying operation, not only the amount of heat of the air absorbed by the evaporator is added, but also the amount of work given to the refrigerant by compressing the refrigerant by the compressor. In an air conditioner (room air conditioner) that performs normal room cooling in a house, the condenser is installed in the outdoor unit, and heat balance is achieved by cooling with outdoor air. Since it is in the ventilation path and is used for heating circulating air having a temperature higher than that of outdoor air, the amount of heat accumulates. As a result, the temperature of the condenser and the pressure on the high pressure side of the refrigerant exceed the set value, resulting in the need to reduce the work of the compressor (suppress the amount of heat exchange). It will be in the state which cannot obtain high performance.

  On the other hand, there is one that has been considered to provide an exhaust port that leads to the outside of the ventilation path in a portion closer to the drying chamber than a portion where the evaporator of the ventilation path is disposed (for example, see Patent Document 1). In this case, part of the circulating air passing through the ventilation path from the drying chamber is discharged outside the ventilation path from the exhaust port, so that part of the heat held by the circulating air is also released, and the amount of heat is accumulated. Can be avoided. As a result, the temperature of the condenser and the high-pressure side pressure of the refrigerant do not exceed the set value, so there is no need to lower the work of the compressor, the input during the drying operation can be increased, and the drying performance is improved. Obtainable.

  Also, in this case, by discharging a part of the circulating air passing through the ventilation path from the drying chamber to the outside of the ventilation path from the exhaust port, the circulation air takes away from the clothes and part of the retained moisture is also released. Thereby, since the water | moisture content which circulating air has can be decreased, a drying performance can be obtained further higher.

On the other hand, in a clothes dryer equipped with a heat pump for drying clothes, the ventilation path is closed at a portion between the evaporator and the condenser, and air outside the ventilation path is passed through the evaporator (cooler). Some have been considered to cool a space such as a washroom in which a clothes dryer is installed by discharging it outside the machine (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
JP-A-2004-215543 JP-A-9-56992

    However, it was considered to cool a space such as a washroom in which the clothes dryer is installed, and as described above, the ventilation passage is provided to the portion closer to the drying chamber than the portion where the evaporator of the ventilation passage is provided. By providing an exhaust port that leads to the outside of the road, an air flow that is discharged from the outside of the ventilation path without passing through the evaporator (not cooled) can be created by passing through the exhaust port, and a clothes dryer is installed. It presents a problem that it cannot effectively cool a space such as a washroom.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances. Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a heat pump for drying clothes, to obtain high drying performance and to cool a space where a washing / drying machine is installed. The present invention is to provide a clothes dryer that can effectively achieve the above-mentioned structure and can realize it skillfully.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, in the clothes dryer of the present invention, the clothes are dried by circulating the air in the drying chamber through the ventilation path provided with the evaporator and condenser of the heat pump, Opening the discharge path from the ventilation path to the outside of the machine and switching the air outside the ventilation path from the intake port provided in the ventilation path through the evaporator and discharging from the discharge path to the outside of the machine In this embodiment, an exhaust port that communicates with the outside of the ventilation passage is provided in a portion closer to the drying chamber than the portion where the evaporator of the ventilation passage is disposed, and this exhaust opening is closed by the switching damper when the discharge passage is opened. This is characterized in that (Invention of Claim 1).

  According to the above means, a part of the heat held by the circulating air is released as described above by providing an exhaust port that leads to the outside of the ventilation path in a portion closer to the drying chamber than a portion where the evaporator of the ventilation path is disposed. As well as being able to release part of the water retained in the circulating air, high drying performance can be obtained. In addition, the switching damper allows air outside the ventilation path to pass through the evaporator and out of the ventilation path through the evaporator. By switching to discharge, and closing the exhaust port, the space where the washing / drying machine is installed can be effectively cooled, and this can be accomplished with a single switching damper.

Hereinafter, the present invention is applied to a washing and drying machine, and a first example (first embodiment) will be described with reference to FIGS.
First, FIG. 2 shows the overall configuration of a washing / drying machine, especially a drum type (horizontal axis) washing / drying machine. A water tank 2 is arranged inside the outer box 1 and rotated inside the water tank 2. A tank (drum) 3 is provided.

  The water tank 2 and the rotating tank 3 are both cylindrical and have respective openings 4 and 5 at the front end face (left side in the figure). Among these, the opening 5 of the rotating tub 3 is for putting in and out the laundry (clothing), and the opening 4 of the water tub 2 surrounds it. Further, the opening 4 of the water tub 2 is connected to the opening 6 for taking in and out the laundry formed on the front surface of the outer box 1 by a bellows 7 so that the door 8 can be opened and closed at the opening 6 of the outer box 1. Provided.

  The rotating tub 3 is also formed with a hole 9 in the almost entire region of the peripheral side (body) (only a part is shown), and this hole 9 functions as a water passage hole during washing and dehydration. It functions as an air vent when drying. In the water tank 2, a hot air outlet 10 is formed in the upper part of the front end face (a part above the opening 4), and a hot air inlet 11 is formed in the upper part of the rear end face part. In addition, a drain port 12 is formed at the bottom of the bottom of the water tank 2, a drain valve 13 is connected to the drain port 12 outside the water tank 2, and a drain hose 14 is connected to the drain valve 13. Thus, the water in the water tank 2 is discharged out of the apparatus.

  A reinforcing member 15 is attached to the rear surface (rear surface) of the rear end surface portion of the rotating tub 3, and the rotating shaft 16 is attached to the center portion of the rear end surface portion of the rotating tub 3 through the reinforcing member 15. The rotating shaft 16 is attached and protrudes backward from the reinforcing member 15. A large number of hot air introduction holes 17 are formed around the central portion of the end surface portion on the rear side of the rotating tub 3.

  On the other hand, a bearing housing 18 is attached to the center of the rear end surface of the water tank 2, and the rotation shaft 16 is inserted into the center of the bearing housing 18 so that it can be rotated by the bearings 19 and 20. Is supported. Thereby, the rotating tub 3 is coaxially supported by the water tub 2 so as to be rotatable. The water tank 2 is elastically supported on the outer case 1 by a suspension (not shown), and the support form is a horizontal axis in which the axial direction of the water tank 2 is front and rear, and is an upwardly inclined shape. The rotating tank 3 supported by the water tank 2 as described above has the same configuration.

  A stator 22 of a motor 21 is attached to the outer periphery of the bearing housing 18, and a rotor 23 attached to the rear end portion of the rotating shaft 16 is opposed to the stator 22 from the outside. Therefore, the motor 21 is an outer rotor type, and in this case, is a brushless DC motor, and functions as a drive device that rotates the rotating tub 3 around the rotating shaft 16.

  A warm air cover 24 is mounted on the inner side of the rear end surface portion of the water tank 2. On the other hand, the reinforcing member 15 is formed with a plurality of relatively large hot air inlets 25 around the central portion where the rotating shaft 16 is attached, and a seal member 26 is attached to the outer periphery of this portion. The hot air passage 27 that communicates airtightly from the hot air inlet 11 to the hot air inlet 25 is configured by pressing the front edge of the seal member 26 against the front surface of the hot air cover 24.

  A base plate 29 is disposed below the water tank 2 (on the bottom surface of the outer box 1) via a plurality of cushions 28, and a ventilation duct 30 is disposed on the base plate 29. The ventilation duct 30 has an air inlet 31 at the top of the front end, and the hot air outlet 10 of the water tank 2 is connected to the air inlet 31 via a return air duct 32 and a connection hose 33. . The return air duct 32 is piped so as to bypass the left side of the bellows 7.

  On the other hand, a casing 35 of a circulation fan 34 is connected to the rear end of the ventilation duct 30, and an outlet 36 of the casing 35 is connected to the temperature of the water tank 2 via a connection hose 37 and an air supply duct 38. It is connected to the wind inlet 11. The air supply duct 38 is piped so as to bypass the left side of the motor 21.

As a result, the warm air outlet 10 and the warm air inlet 11 of the water tank 2 are connected by the return air duct 32, the connection hose 33, the ventilation duct 30, the casing 35 of the circulation fan 34, the connection hose 37, and the air supply duct 38. A ventilation path 39 is provided in connection.
The circulation blower 34 has a blower fan 40 inside a casing 35, and has a motor 41 that rotates the blower fan 40 outside the casing 35.

  Thus, in the ventilation path 39, the evaporator 42 is disposed at the front and the condenser 43 is disposed at the rear in the ventilation duct 30. Although neither of these evaporators 42 and condensers 43 are shown in detail, they are tube-shaped with fins in which a large number of heat transfer fins are arranged in a fine pitch on the refrigerant distribution pipe, and are excellent in heat exchange. A wind flowing through the ventilation duct 30 as described later passes between the heat transfer fins.

  Further, the evaporator 42 and the condenser 43 constitute a heat pump 46 together with the compressor 44 and the throttle valve (particularly an electronic throttle valve) 45 shown in FIG. 3. In this heat pump 46, a connection pipe 47 is provided. Thus, the compressor 44, the condenser 43, the throttle valve 45, and the evaporator 42 are cycle-connected in this order (refrigeration cycle), and the refrigerant is circulated when the compressor 44 is operated. In addition, the compressor 44 is arranged in parallel outside the ventilation duct 30 as shown in FIG.

  A dehumidified water discharge port is provided at a portion facing the lowest portion 30a of the bottom surface of the ventilation duct 30 between the air suction port 31 and the evaporator 42 in the side surface portion of the ventilation duct 30 having a rectangular tube shape, particularly a rectangular tube shape. 48 is formed, and the dehumidified water discharge port 48 is connected to a drain port 49 formed at a lower portion of the side surface of the outer box 1 by a connection pipe 50. Note that the ventilation duct 30 has an inclined surface that descends toward the dehumidified water discharge port 48 at a portion 30 b located immediately below the evaporator 42 in the bottom surface portion.

  Further, the air discharge path 51 is provided from the front end of the air duct 30 where the air inlet 31, which is a portion between the rotary tank 3 and the evaporator 42, in the air flow path 39 to the front outside the machine. Provided. The air discharge path 51 communicates with the air inlet 31, and a switching damper 52 is provided at the communicating portion.

  As shown in detail in FIG. 4, the switching damper 52 is located on the side of the air discharge path 51, and supported at its upper end portion so as to be pivotable back and forth by the support shaft 53. As shown in FIG. 1, the air suction port 31 of the ventilation duct 30 (the portion between the rotary tank 3 and the evaporator 42 in the ventilation path 39) is closed and opened by being rotated by the power of the drive source. At the same time, the air discharge path 51 is switched between open and closed. Further, a step portion 30c is formed at the lower portion of the inlet portion of the ventilation duct 30 with respect to the switching damper 52, whereby the switching damper when the outlet passage 51 is closed. 52 is received.

  An exhaust port 54 that communicates with the outside of the ventilation path 39 is formed on a portion of the ventilation passage 39 that is closer to the rotary tub 3 than the portion where the evaporator 42 is disposed and that is adjacent to the air suction port 31 of the ventilation duct 30. Is provided. The exhaust port 54 is in a position where the switching damper 52 reaches when the air suction port 31 is closed (when the air discharge path 51 is opened), and is therefore closed by the switching damper 52 when the air suction port 31 is closed. The air intake 31 is opened by the switching damper 52 when the air intake port 31 is opened (when the air discharge path 51 is closed).

  On the other hand, an intake port 55 is formed in the upper wall of the middle portion of the ventilation duct 30, which is a portion between the evaporator 42 and the condenser 43 in the ventilation path 39, and in the ventilation path 51. The discharge fan 56 is provided, and the outlet portion of the air discharge path 51 ahead of the discharge fan 56 has a louver 57 that is directed obliquely upward and communicates with the outside of the apparatus and is inclined in the same direction.

  In addition, a water supply valve 58 is provided at the rear upper part in the outer box 1, and this water supply valve 58 has a plurality of outlets, and these water supply boxes are arranged in the upper part on the front side in the outer box 1. 59 is connected by a connection pipe 60. Further, although not shown in detail, the water supply box 59 has a detergent charging part and a softening agent charging part, and the water supply valve 58 supplies the detergent to the water supply box 59 at the time of washing by selecting the opening of the outlet. The water is supplied into the water tank 2 through a portion, and the water is similarly supplied into the water tank 2 through the soft finish agent input portion of the water supply box 59 at the time of final rinsing.

  Further, an air inlet / outlet port 61 is formed at the upper part of the back surface of the outer box 1, while a control device 62 is provided at the back side of the upper part of the front part of the outer box 1. The control device 62 is composed of, for example, a microcomputer, and functions as control means for controlling the overall operation of the washing / drying machine.

Next, the operation of the washing / drying machine having the above configuration will be described.
In the washing and drying machine having the above configuration, when a standard operation course is started, a washing (washing and rinsing) operation is started first. In this washing operation, an operation of supplying water into the water tub 2 is performed by the water supply valve 58, and then the motor 21 is operated to rotate the rotating tub 3 alternately in both forward and reverse directions at a low speed.

  When the washing operation is completed, the dehydration operation is then started. In this dehydration operation, after the water in the water tank 2 is discharged, an operation of rotating the rotating tank 3 in one direction at a high speed is performed. Thereby, the laundry in the rotating tub 3 is centrifugally dehydrated.

  When the dehydration operation is completed, a drying operation is next performed. In this drying operation, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the switching damper 52 is set so as to open the air inlet 31 and the air outlet 54 of the ventilation duct 30 and close the air discharge path 51. In this state, the motor 41 of the circulation fan 34 is operated while rotating the rotating tub 3 in both forward and reverse directions at a low speed. Then, as shown by arrows in FIGS. 2 and 4, the air in the water tank 2 flows from the hot air outlet 10 through the return air duct 32 and the connection hose 33 to the ventilation duct 30 by the blowing action of the blowing fan 40. Into the inside.

  At this time, the operation of the compressor 44 of the heat pump 46 is started. As a result, the refrigerant sealed in the heat pump 46 is compressed to become a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant, and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows into the condenser 43 and exchanges heat with the air in the ventilation duct 30. As a result, the air in the ventilation duct 30 is heated, and conversely, the temperature of the refrigerant is lowered and liquefied. The liquefied refrigerant then passes through the throttle valve 45 and is decompressed, and then flows into the evaporator 42 and vaporizes. Thereby, the evaporator 42 cools the air in the ventilation duct 30. The refrigerant that has passed through the evaporator 42 returns to the compressor 44.

As a result, the air flowing into the ventilation duct 30 from the water tank 2 is cooled by the evaporator 42 and dehumidified, and then heated by the condenser 43 to be warmed. The hot air is supplied into the water tank 2 from the hot air inlet 11 through the connection hose 37 and the air supply duct 38, and further from the hot air introduction hole 17 through the hot air passage 27 and the hot air inlet 25. It is supplied into the rotary tank 3.
The hot air supplied into the rotary tub 3 deprives the laundry of moisture, and then flows into the ventilation duct 30 from the hot air outlet 10 through the return air duct 32 and the connection hose 33.

  Thus, air circulates between the ventilation duct 30 having the evaporator 42 and the condenser 43 and the rotating tub 3 so that the laundry in the rotating tub 3 is dried. Therefore, in this case, the inside of the rotary tank 3 functions as a drying chamber. During this drying operation, part of the circulating air passing through the ventilation path 39 from the inside of the rotary tub 3 is discharged from the exhaust port 54 to the outside of the ventilation path 39. As a result, part of the heat retained by the circulating air is also released, and accumulation of heat during the cycle of the heat pump 46 can be avoided. As a result, the temperature of the condenser 43 and the high-pressure side pressure of the refrigerant do not become higher than the set value, so that it is not necessary to lower the work of the compressor 44, the input during the drying operation can be increased, and the drying performance Can get higher.

  Further, in this case, a part of the circulating air passing through the ventilation path 39 from the inside of the rotary tub 3 is discharged from the exhaust port 54 to the outside of the ventilation path, so that the circulation air takes away from the clothes and part of the retained moisture is also released. As a result, the moisture held by the circulating air can be reduced, so that a higher drying performance can be obtained.

  At the same time, during the drying operation, the evaporator 42 is cooled and dehumidified with the air passing through the ventilation duct 30 described above, so that condensation is generated on the surface, and the dew drops from the evaporator 42 and passes directly below the ventilation. It flows down the inclined surface 30b of the duct 30 and is discharged from the dehumidified water discharge port 48 through the connection pipe 50 and the drain port 49 to the outside of the machine.

  In contrast, when the space where the washing and drying machine is installed is cooled, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 1, the switching damper 52 opens the air discharge path 51 and the air intake 31 of the ventilation duct 30. In this state, the operation of the compressor 44 of the heat pump 46 is started and the discharge fan 56 is operated.

  Accordingly, as indicated by arrows in FIGS. 5 and 1, the air outside the ventilation duct 30 is sucked into the ventilation duct 30 from the intake port 55 and is cooled through the evaporator 42. Then, the cooled air is discharged to the front outside the machine through the air discharge path 51, and the space where the washing and drying machine is installed is cooled.

Further, in this case, since the switching damper 52 closes the exhaust port 54, it is possible to avoid an air flow discharged outside the apparatus without passing through the evaporator 42 (not cooled) from outside the ventilation path 39. In addition, it is possible to effectively cool a space such as a washroom in which a clothes dryer is installed. Moreover, since it can be simultaneously performed by the switching damper 52 that opens the air discharge path 51, it can be skillfully realized without requiring a separate structure for closing the exhaust port 54.
At this time, air outside the machine is sucked into the outer box 1 (outside the ventilation duct 30) from the air inlet / outlet 61 of the outer box 1.

  At this time, the air flow through the condenser 43 is not actively closed. However, the air path passing through the condenser 43 during the drying operation is connected to the rotary tank 3 via the air supply duct 38 and the like, and further connected to the return air duct 32 from the rotary tank 3. Is almost closed. Therefore, the air intake port 31 is closed by the switching damper 52 during cooling, so that the air path on the condenser 43 side is substantially closed, and the air intake port 55 is interposed between the evaporator 42 and the condenser 43. Even if it exists, no air flow through the condenser 43 actually occurs. Therefore, the switching damper 52 has an effect that only one of them is required for cooling.

  Further, the intake port 55 may remain open during the drying operation. This is because the air passage is totally closed as described above, and even if there is an opening at one place, the air flow is not greatly affected. This is similar to the fact that a liquid in a can is difficult to come out even if there is a hole in one place of the can. Instead, the portion of the ventilation duct 30 where the air inlet 55 is formed is located on the leeward side of the flow of the circulating wind generated by the circulation blower 34 and is a place where the pressure is negative, and there is a slight pressure relief there. By being able to do so, there is even an effect that it is easier to dehumidify the evaporator 42 during the drying operation.

  As described above, in this configuration, the clothes are dried by circulating the air in the rotary tub 3 (drying chamber) through the ventilation path 39 in which the evaporator 42 and the condenser 43 of the heat pump 46 are disposed, and the switching damper is provided. 52 is used to open the air discharge path 51 communicated from the ventilation path 39 to the outside of the machine, and to pass air outside the ventilation path 39 from the intake port 55 provided in the ventilation path 39 through the evaporator 42 and from the air discharge path 51 to the outside of the apparatus. In this case, an exhaust port 54 communicating with the outside of the ventilation passage 39 is provided in a portion closer to the rotary tub 3 (drying chamber side) than a portion where the evaporator 42 of the ventilation passage 39 is disposed. Is closed by the switching damper 52 when the air discharge path 51 is opened, so that high drying performance can be obtained and the space where the washing / drying machine is installed can be effectively cooled. And it Structure can be skillfully realized.

  Further, in the case of this configuration, the exhaust port 54 is adjacent to the portion (the air intake port 31) where the switching damper 52 when the air discharge path 51 is closed opens the air flow path 39, thereby A small and simple switch damper 52 can be used, and the cost can be kept low. Furthermore, in this case, since the ventilation path 39 can be closed by the switching damper 52 when the air discharge path 51 is opened, intake air from the inside of the rotary tank 3 through the return air duct 32 during cooling is avoided. Therefore, a high cooling effect can be obtained with certainty.

6 and 7 show the second embodiment (second embodiment) of the present invention, and the same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted. Only the different parts will be described.
In this case, instead of the exhaust port 54, the exhaust port 71 is replaced with the intake air of the ventilation path 39 even in the portion of the ventilation tank 39 closer to the rotary tank 3 (drying chamber side) than the portion where the evaporator 42 is disposed. It is provided on a surface different from the surface provided with the port 55, and in particular, provided on the lower surface portion farthest from the upper surface portion provided with the air inlet 55 of the ventilation path 39.

Thus, by providing the exhaust port 71 on a surface different from the surface on which the intake port 55 of the ventilation path 39 is provided, a part of the circulating air (heat and moisture) discharged from the exhaust port 71 during the drying operation. Can be prevented from being sucked from the intake port 55 as much as possible, and the drying performance can be further enhanced.
The exhaust port 71 is provided on the lower surface portion farthest from the upper surface portion where the intake port 55 of the ventilation path 39 is provided, so that a part of the circulating air discharged from the exhaust port 71 during the drying operation is taken into the intake port 55. However, even if it is provided on the side surface, a certain effect can be obtained.

Further, in this case, the switching damper 52 supports the lower end portion of the switching damper 52 so as to be pivotable back and forth by the support shaft 72 (in this case as well, depending on the power of a driving source such as a motor or an electromagnet not shown). Thus, the air outlet 51 is closed and opened, and at the same time the air outlet 71 is opened and closed (the air outlet 71 is closed by the switching damper 52 when the air outlet 51 is opened). It has become.
Further, in this case, the switching damper 52 is provided with a step portion 30d at the upper portion of the inlet portion of the air duct 51 of the ventilation duct 30, thereby switching when the air outlet passage 51 is closed. The damper 52 is received.

  In addition, the present invention is not limited only to the embodiment described above and shown in the drawings. In particular, the entire washing / drying machine is not limited to the above-described horizontal axis shape, and the water tank and the rotating tank are formed in a horizontal axis shape. The horizontal axis may have a shape, and is not limited to a washing and drying machine having both functions of washing and drying, but can be applied to a clothes drying machine having only a drying function. May be implemented with appropriate changes.

1 is a longitudinal side view of a main portion showing a first embodiment of the present invention in a cooling operation state. Vertical side view of the entire drying operation Cycle diagram of heat pump Longitudinal side view of the main part during dry operation Vertical side view of the entire cooling operation FIG. 4 equivalent view showing a second embodiment of the present invention. 1 equivalent diagram

Explanation of symbols

  In the drawings, 3 is a rotating tank (drying chamber), 39 is a ventilation path, 42 is an evaporator, 43 is a condenser, 46 is a heat pump, 51 is a discharge path, 52 is a switching damper, 54 is an exhaust port, and 55 is an intake air. A port 71 indicates an exhaust port.

Claims (3)

By drying the air in the drying room through the ventilation path in which the evaporator and condenser of the heat pump are circulated, the clothing is dried, and the switching damper opens the ventilation path from the ventilation path to the outside of the machine. In what is switched so that air outside the ventilation path passes through the evaporator from the intake port provided in the ventilation path and is discharged out of the machine from the discharge path,
An exhaust port communicating with the outside of the ventilation path is provided in a portion closer to the drying chamber than a portion where the evaporator of the ventilation path is disposed, and the exhaust opening is closed by the switching damper when the discharge path is opened. A clothes dryer characterized by that.   2. The clothes dryer according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust opening is adjacent to a portion where the switching damper for closing the air discharge path opens the ventilation path.   The clothes dryer according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust port is provided on a surface different from a surface provided with the air intake port of the ventilation path.

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