JP4550011B2 - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4550011B2
JP4550011B2 JP2006155059A JP2006155059A JP4550011B2 JP 4550011 B2 JP4550011 B2 JP 4550011B2 JP 2006155059 A JP2006155059 A JP 2006155059A JP 2006155059 A JP2006155059 A JP 2006155059A JP 4550011 B2 JP4550011 B2 JP 4550011B2
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cooling water
passage
cylinder
starting air
internal combustion
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JP2006342799A (en
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ゼンゲン マチアス
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MAN B&W Diesel GmbH
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MAN B&W Diesel GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/26—Cylinder heads having cooling means
    • F02F1/36—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F02F1/38—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling the cylinder heads being of overhead valve type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/02—Arrangements for cooling cylinders or cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/02—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/02—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means
    • F02F1/10—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/02—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means
    • F02F1/10—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F02F1/14—Cylinders with means for directing, guiding or distributing liquid stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/26—Cylinder heads having cooling means
    • F02F1/36—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F02F1/40—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling cylinder heads with means for directing, guiding, or distributing liquid stream 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2050/00—Applications
    • F01P2050/02—Marine engines
    • F01P2050/06—Marine engines using liquid-to-liquid heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/12—Arrangements for cooling other engine or machine parts
    • F01P3/16—Arrangements for cooling other engine or machine parts for cooling fuel injectors or sparking-plugs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/242—Arrangement of spark plugs or injectors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Description

本発明は請求項１の前文に記載の内燃機関に関する。   The invention relates to an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.

例えば船舶に採用される大形ディーゼルエンジンのような内燃機関は、複数のシリンダ装置を利用している。その各シリンダ装置は、シリンダヘッドとバレルを備える。各シリンダ装置の燃焼室をシリンダヘッドとバレルとの接合個所で密封すべく、シリンダヘッドとバレルとの間にシリンダヘッドシールを形成している。シリンダヘッドには、通常、シリンダ装置に供給すべき燃焼空気に対する入口弁並びにシリンダ装置から排出すべき排気ガスに対する出口弁を一体に組み入れている。各シリンダヘッドには、入口弁並びに出口弁の他に、通常、燃料噴射弁を一体に組み入れている。シリンダ装置を冷却すべく、シリンダ装置に冷却水流を供給し、シリンダ装置の冷却後にそこから冷却水流を排出する必要がある。また、各シリンダ装置の内部で燃料の燃焼を開始させるため、所謂始動空気を内燃機関の各シリンダ装置に供給せねばならない。始動空気を供給しかつ冷却水を供給排出すべく、実際公知の内燃機関の場合、シリンダ装置への多数の構造部品の設置と別個の配管敷設が必要とされている。その結果、内燃機関の構造が高価となっている。   For example, an internal combustion engine such as a large diesel engine employed in a ship uses a plurality of cylinder devices. Each cylinder device includes a cylinder head and a barrel. A cylinder head seal is formed between the cylinder head and the barrel in order to seal the combustion chamber of each cylinder device at the junction between the cylinder head and the barrel. The cylinder head normally incorporates an inlet valve for combustion air to be supplied to the cylinder device and an outlet valve for exhaust gas to be discharged from the cylinder device. In addition to the inlet valve and the outlet valve, each cylinder head usually incorporates a fuel injection valve integrally. In order to cool the cylinder device, it is necessary to supply a cooling water flow to the cylinder device and to discharge the cooling water flow from the cylinder device after cooling. In addition, in order to start combustion of fuel inside each cylinder device, so-called starting air must be supplied to each cylinder device of the internal combustion engine. In order to supply start-up air and supply and discharge cooling water, in the case of an actually known internal combustion engine, it is necessary to install a large number of structural parts in the cylinder device and to install separate pipes. As a result, the structure of the internal combustion engine is expensive.

上述の点から出発して、本発明の課題は、単純な構造を持つ新しい内燃機関を提供することにある。   Starting from the above points, the object of the present invention is to provide a new internal combustion engine having a simple structure.

この課題は請求項１に記載の内燃機関によって解決される。本発明に基づき、各シリンダ装置は、シリンダヘッドおよびバレルの他に、冷却水・始動空気案内装置を有し、この装置は、シリンダヘッドとバレルを、両者が結合されている区域で取り囲み、冷却水・始動空気案内装置とシリンダヘッドおよびバレルは、各シリンダ装置の始動空気入口通路、冷却水入口通路および冷却水排出通路の通路部分を境界づけている。   This problem is solved by the internal combustion engine according to claim 1. In accordance with the present invention, each cylinder device has a cooling water / starting air guide device in addition to the cylinder head and the barrel, which surrounds the cylinder head and the barrel in an area where they are coupled, and cools them. The water / starting air guide device, the cylinder head, and the barrel bound the passage portions of the starting air inlet passage, the cooling water inlet passage, and the cooling water discharge passage of each cylinder device.

本発明は、各シリンダ装置に、シリンダヘッドとバレルの他に、冷却水・始動空気案内装置を設けることを特徴とする。各シリンダ装置の冷却水・始動空気案内装置は、シリンダヘッドとバレルを、各シリンダ装置のシリンダヘッドとバレルが結合している区域ないし箇所で取り囲む。冷却水・始動空気案内装置と、シリンダヘッドおよびバレルとは、各シリンダ装置の始動空気入口通路、冷却水入口通路および冷却水排出通路の通路部分を、個別に或いは組み合わせて境界付ける。この結果、内燃機関のシリンダ装置の極めて単純且つコンパクトな構造が実現する。   The present invention is characterized in that each cylinder device is provided with a cooling water / starting air guide device in addition to the cylinder head and the barrel. The cooling water / starting air guide device of each cylinder device surrounds the cylinder head and the barrel in an area or a place where the cylinder head and the barrel of each cylinder device are coupled. The cooling water / starting air guide device, the cylinder head, and the barrel delimit the starting air inlet passage, the cooling water inlet passage, and the cooling water discharge passage of each cylinder device individually or in combination. As a result, a very simple and compact structure of the cylinder device of the internal combustion engine is realized.

本発明の有利な実施態様を従属請求項および以下の説明から明らかにする。次に図を参照して本発明の実施例を詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。   Advantageous embodiments of the invention emerge from the dependent claims and the following description. Next, examples of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these.

以下図１〜１０を参照し、本発明を詳細に説明する。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

図１は、本発明による内燃機関の、列を成して配置した３つのシリンダ装置２０の範囲を斜視図で示す。各シリンダ２０は、シリンダヘッド２１と、バレル２２と、冷却水・始動空気案内装置２３とを備える。図示の実施例では、各シリンダ２０のシリンダヘッド２１に、燃焼空気用の２つの入口弁２４と、排気ガス用の２つの出口弁２５を組み入れている。入口弁２４と出口弁２５の間で、シリンダヘッド２１に一体に設けた孔２６（図６参照）の範囲で、燃料噴射弁（図示せず）をシリンダ装置２０に組み入れている。各シリンダ装置２０の冷却水・始動空気案内装置２３は、シリンダヘッド２１がバレル２２に結合している区域において、各シリンダ装置２０のシリンダヘッド２１並びにバレル２２を包囲している。これは特に図７〜図１０の断面図から理解できる。   FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the range of three cylinder devices 20 arranged in a row of an internal combustion engine according to the invention. Each cylinder 20 includes a cylinder head 21, a barrel 22, and a cooling water / starting air guide device 23. In the illustrated embodiment, the cylinder head 21 of each cylinder 20 incorporates two inlet valves 24 for combustion air and two outlet valves 25 for exhaust gas. Between the inlet valve 24 and the outlet valve 25, a fuel injection valve (not shown) is incorporated in the cylinder device 20 within a range of a hole 26 (see FIG. 6) provided integrally with the cylinder head 21. The cooling water / starting air guide device 23 of each cylinder device 20 surrounds the cylinder head 21 and the barrel 22 of each cylinder device 20 in an area where the cylinder head 21 is coupled to the barrel 22. This can be understood in particular from the cross-sectional views of FIGS.

以下に詳細に説明する如く、各シリンダ装置２０の冷却水・始動空気案内装置２３と、シリンダヘッド２１およびバレル２２とは、各々別個に又は互いに組み合わせて、各シリンダ装置２０の始動空気入口通路、冷却水入口通路および冷却水排出通路の通路部分を境界づけている。これに伴い、前記通路は、シリンダヘッド２１および／又はバレル２２および／又は冷却水・始動空気案内装置２３の一体構造部分となっている。この結果、本発明に基づく内燃機関のシリンダ装置２０の、特に単純且つコンパクトな構造が実現する。   As will be described in detail below, the cooling water / starting air guide device 23 of each cylinder device 20, the cylinder head 21 and the barrel 22 are separately or in combination with each other, The passage portions of the cooling water inlet passage and the cooling water discharge passage are bounded. Accordingly, the passage is an integral part of the cylinder head 21 and / or the barrel 22 and / or the cooling water / starting air guide device 23. As a result, a particularly simple and compact structure of the cylinder device 20 of the internal combustion engine according to the present invention is realized.

図１から解る如く、各シリンダ装置２０の各冷却水・始動空気案内装置２３は連結要素２７を利用している。その際、互いに隣接するシリンダ装置２０、即ち互いに隣接するシリンダ装置２０の始動空気入口通路、冷却水入口通路および冷却水排出通路を、連結要素２７と、該要素２７と協働する配管２８、２９、３０とを介して連結ないし接続する。図１に示す実施例では、配管２８を始動空気入口通路の連結、配管２９を冷却水入口通路の連結、そして配管３０をシリンダ装置２０の冷却水排出通路の連結に用いる。これら配管２８、２９、３０は、そのために連結要素２７の対応した凹所にはまり込んでいる。   As can be seen from FIG. 1, each coolant / starting air guide device 23 of each cylinder device 20 uses a connecting element 27. At that time, the cylinder devices 20 adjacent to each other, that is, the starting air inlet passage, the cooling water inlet passage and the cooling water discharge passage of the cylinder devices 20 adjacent to each other are connected to the connecting element 27 and the pipes 28 and 29 cooperating with the element 27. , 30 are connected or connected. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the pipe 28 is used for connecting the start air inlet passage, the pipe 29 is used for connecting the cooling water inlet passage, and the pipe 30 is used for connecting the cooling water discharge passage of the cylinder device 20. For this purpose, these pipes 28, 29, 30 fit into corresponding recesses of the connecting element 27.

次に図７〜１０を参照し、シリンダ装置２０の始動空気入口通路、冷却水入口通路および冷却水排出通路の形成、並びにそれら通路部分のシリンダヘッド２１、バレル２２および冷却水・始動空気案内装置２３への組入れによる構造的形成について詳細に説明する。なお図７〜１０では、矢印３１により始動空気の流れ、矢印３２により冷却水の供給、矢印３３により冷却水の排出を各々表示している。   Next, referring to FIGS. 7 to 10, formation of the start air inlet passage, the cooling water inlet passage and the cooling water discharge passage of the cylinder device 20, and the cylinder head 21, the barrel 22, and the cooling water / starting air guide device of these passage portions. The structural formation by incorporation into 23 will be described in detail. 7 to 10, the start air flow is indicated by an arrow 31, the supply of cooling water is indicated by an arrow 32, and the discharge of the cooling water is indicated by an arrow 33.

各シリンダ装置２０の始動空気入口通路は、シリンダ装置２０の周りを延びる環状通路部分３４を有し、該通路部分３４を一方ではバレル２２、他方では冷却水・始動空気案内装置２３により境界づけている。バレル２２の環状通路部分３４の領域を波形に形成し、バレル２２の波形で環状通路部分３４の容積に対する表面積の比を増大し、もって冷却リブ機能を与えている。この様式で、環状通路部分３４内に火炎が生じた際に、その火炎を効果的に消す働きをする火炎防止装置を、特に単純な手段で、シリンダ装置２０に一体に組み入れ得る。始動空気入口通路の環状通路部分３４に、冷却水・始動空気案内装置２３に組み入れた上り通路部分３５が続いている。図示の実施例では、始動空気入口通路の上り通路部分３５は、３つの出口通路部分３６に開口し、該出口通路部分３６は始動空気弁（図示せず）によって開閉される。始動空気入口通路の出口通路部分３６は、シリンダヘッド２１と一体に形成している。始動空気弁（図示せず）はシリンダヘッド２１の内部の孔３７内に設け、該空気弁は電磁弁３８により制御する。電磁弁３８と、電磁弁３８用の制御空気通路３９とは、各シリンダ装置２０のシリンダヘッド２１に一体に形成し、電磁弁３８の制御空気配管３９を、排出空気入口通路の昇り通路部分３５に接続している。その結果、始動空気通路と電磁弁３８用の制御空気通路３９とに同じ圧力がかかる。   The starting air inlet passage of each cylinder device 20 has an annular passage portion 34 extending around the cylinder device 20, bounded by the barrel 22 on the one hand and the cooling water / starting air guide device 23 on the other hand. Yes. The region of the annular passage portion 34 of the barrel 22 is corrugated, and the corrugation of the barrel 22 increases the ratio of the surface area to the volume of the annular passage portion 34, thereby providing a cooling rib function. In this manner, a flame prevention device that serves to effectively extinguish the flame when it occurs in the annular passage portion 34 can be integrated into the cylinder device 20 in a particularly simple manner. The annular passage portion 34 of the starting air inlet passage is followed by an ascending passage portion 35 incorporated in the cooling water / starting air guide device 23. In the illustrated embodiment, the starting air inlet passage upstream passage portion 35 opens into three outlet passage portions 36, which are opened and closed by a starting air valve (not shown). The outlet passage portion 36 of the starting air inlet passage is formed integrally with the cylinder head 21. A starting air valve (not shown) is provided in a hole 37 inside the cylinder head 21, and the air valve is controlled by an electromagnetic valve 38. The solenoid valve 38 and the control air passage 39 for the solenoid valve 38 are formed integrally with the cylinder head 21 of each cylinder device 20, and the control air pipe 39 of the solenoid valve 38 is connected to the ascending passage portion 35 of the discharge air inlet passage. Connected to. As a result, the same pressure is applied to the starting air passage and the control air passage 39 for the solenoid valve 38.

各シリンダ装置２０の冷却水入口通路は、図１０から解る如く、２つの環状通路部分４０、４１を備える。第１の環状通路部分４０はバレル２２と冷却水・始動空気案内装置２３で境界づけ、これに対し第２の環状通路部分４１はシリンダヘッド２１と冷却水・始動空気案内装置２３で境界づけている。第１環状通路部分４０は、環状隙間４２を形成した状態で第２環状通路部分４１に移行している。環状隙間４２の適宜の寸法づけにより、環状通路部分４０から環状通路部分４１への冷却水転流を調整又は測定できる。シリンダヘッド２１と冷却水・始動空気案内装置２３で境界づけた環状通路部分４１は、シリンダヘッド２１の底の底側通路部分４３に移行し、該ヘッド２１の底側通路部分４３は、シリンダヘッド２１で規定された水室ないし空洞４４に開口している。空洞４は、特にシリンダヘッド２１の入口弁２４又は出口弁２５で操作される入口通路４５又は出口通路４６を取り囲み、その際、特に高温排気ガス流を案内する出口通路４６を冷却水で冷却する。   The cooling water inlet passage of each cylinder device 20 includes two annular passage portions 40 and 41 as can be seen from FIG. The first annular passage portion 40 is bounded by the barrel 22 and the cooling water / starting air guide device 23, while the second annular passage portion 41 is bounded by the cylinder head 21 and the cooling water / starting air guide device 23. Yes. The first annular passage portion 40 transitions to the second annular passage portion 41 in a state where the annular gap 42 is formed. By appropriately dimensioning the annular gap 42, the cooling water commutation from the annular passage portion 40 to the annular passage portion 41 can be adjusted or measured. An annular passage portion 41 bounded by the cylinder head 21 and the cooling water / starting air guide device 23 moves to a bottom passage portion 43 at the bottom of the cylinder head 21, and the bottom passage portion 43 of the head 21 is connected to the cylinder head. The water chamber or cavity 44 defined by 21 is opened. The cavity 4 surrounds an inlet passage 45 or outlet passage 46 which is operated in particular by the inlet valve 24 or outlet valve 25 of the cylinder head 21, in which case the outlet passage 46, in particular guiding the hot exhaust gas flow, is cooled with cooling water. .

冷却水は、シリンダヘッド２１が規定する空洞４４の貫流後、冷却水排出通路を経てシリンダ装置２０から流出する。該排出通路は、一方で取り出し通路部分４７、他方で環状通路部分４８により規定されている。取り出し通路部分４７は空洞４４の最高個所で空洞４４に接続している。これは図１０から明らかである。冷却水を取り出し通路部分４７を経て空洞４４から取り出し、冷却水排出通路の環状通路部分４８に導く。冷却水排出通路の環状通路部分４８は、一方でシリンダヘッド２１、他方で冷却水・始動空気案内装置２３により規定され、シリンダ装置２０を取り囲んでいる。シリンダヘッド２１の空洞４４を環状通路部分４８に接続する取り出し通路部分４７は、シリンダヘッド２１に一体に形成している。   The cooling water flows out of the cylinder device 20 through the cooling water discharge passage after flowing through the cavity 44 defined by the cylinder head 21. The discharge passage is defined on the one hand by an extraction passage portion 47 and on the other hand by an annular passage portion 48. The extraction passage portion 47 is connected to the cavity 44 at the highest point of the cavity 44. This is apparent from FIG. The cooling water is taken out from the cavity 44 through the take-out passage portion 47 and led to the annular passage portion 48 of the cooling water discharge passage. An annular passage portion 48 of the cooling water discharge passage is defined by the cylinder head 21 on the one hand and the cooling water / starting air guide device 23 on the other hand, and surrounds the cylinder device 20. A take-out passage portion 47 that connects the cavity 44 of the cylinder head 21 to the annular passage portion 48 is formed integrally with the cylinder head 21.

それに応じて、冷却水・始動空気案内装置２３は、一方ではバレル２２と共に、他方ではシリンダヘッド２１と共に、それぞれ環状通路部分を境界づけている。   Accordingly, the cooling water / starting air guide device 23 borders the annular passage portion with the barrel 22 on the one hand and the cylinder head 21 on the other hand.

即ち、冷却水・始動空気案内装置２３は、バレル２２と共に、始動空気入口通路の環状通路部分３４と冷却水入口通路の第１環状通路部分４０を境界づけている。冷却水・始動空気案内装置２３は、シリンダヘッド２１と共に、冷却水入口通路の第２環状通路部分４１と冷却水排出通路の環状通路部分４８を境界づけている。これら環状通路部分３４、４０、４１、４８は全てそれぞれのシリンダ装置２０の周りを互いに軸方向間隔を隔てて配置され、環状通路部分３４、４０並びに環状通路部分４１、４８は互いに隣接し、相互に密封されている。互いに隣接する環状通路部分４０、４１間には環状隙間４２が形成されている。特に図１０から解るように、始動空気を各シリンダ装置２０に送り、かつ冷却水を各シリンダ装置２０に送りそこから排出すべく、始動空気入口通路、冷却水入口通路および冷却水排出通路の環状通路部分３４、４０、４１、４８を、孔を経て連結要素２７の対応した通路部分に接続している。   That is, the coolant / starting air guide device 23, together with the barrel 22, bounds the annular passage portion 34 of the starting air inlet passage and the first annular passage portion 40 of the cooling water inlet passage. The cooling water / starting air guide device 23, together with the cylinder head 21, borders the second annular passage portion 41 of the cooling water inlet passage and the annular passage portion 48 of the cooling water discharge passage. These annular passage portions 34, 40, 41, 48 are all arranged around the respective cylinder device 20 at an axial distance from each other, and the annular passage portions 34, 40 and the annular passage portions 41, 48 are adjacent to each other, Sealed. An annular gap 42 is formed between the annular passage portions 40 and 41 adjacent to each other. In particular, as shown in FIG. 10, in order to send start air to each cylinder device 20 and send cooling water to each cylinder device 20 and discharge from it, the start air inlet passage, the cooling water inlet passage and the cooling water discharge passage are annular. The passage portions 34, 40, 41, 48 are connected to corresponding passage portions of the coupling element 27 via holes.

本発明に基づく内燃機関は、実際に公知の内燃機関に比べ多数の利点を有している。即ち、内燃機関の各シリンダ装置２０の冷却水・始動空気案内装置２３により、そして始動空気入口通路と冷却水入口通路と冷却水排出通路の一体組入れによって、明らかにコンパクトな構造となる。隣接するシリンダ装置２０の始動空気入口通路、冷却水入口通路並びに冷却水排出通路は、連結要素２７並びに配管２８、２９、３０を介して簡単に接続できる。また、シリンダ装置２０に、火炎防止装置、電磁弁並びに環状隙間が一体に組み込まれ、その場合、各シリンダ装置２０の冷却水入口通路の環状通路部分４０、４１間の環状隙間４２を介して、バレル２２とシリンダヘッド２１との間の規定された冷却水転流、従って一様な温度分布が設定される。シリンダ装置２０への火炎防止装置と電磁弁の一体化により、内燃機関の構造が一層単純化される。空洞４４の最高個所から冷却水を取り出すことで、空洞４４の空気抜きが行え、その結果空洞４４に対する別個の空気抜き装置は不要となる。   The internal combustion engine according to the invention has a number of advantages over known internal combustion engines. In other words, the cooling water / starting air guide device 23 of each cylinder device 20 of the internal combustion engine, and the integration of the starting air inlet passage, the cooling water inlet passage, and the cooling water discharge passage, make the structure clearly compact. The starting air inlet passage, the cooling water inlet passage and the cooling water discharge passage of the adjacent cylinder device 20 can be easily connected via the connecting element 27 and the pipes 28, 29 and 30. Further, a flame prevention device, a solenoid valve, and an annular gap are integrated into the cylinder device 20, and in that case, via the annular gap 42 between the annular passage portions 40, 41 of the cooling water inlet passage of each cylinder device 20, A defined cooling water commutation between the barrel 22 and the cylinder head 21 and thus a uniform temperature distribution is set. By integrating the flame prevention device and the solenoid valve into the cylinder device 20, the structure of the internal combustion engine is further simplified. By removing the cooling water from the highest point of the cavity 44, the cavity 44 can be vented, so that a separate air venting device for the cavity 44 is not required.

シリンダヘッド２１の出口通路４６は、この出口通路４６の範囲で僅かなエネルギ損失しか生じないように、できるだけ短く形成している。この結果、排気駆動過給式内燃機関の燃料消費を減少できる。   The outlet passage 46 of the cylinder head 21 is formed as short as possible so that little energy loss occurs in the range of the outlet passage 46. As a result, the fuel consumption of the exhaust drive supercharged internal combustion engine can be reduced.

本発明に基づく内燃機関の列を成して置かれた３つのシリンダ装置の範囲の斜視図。1 is a perspective view of a range of three cylinder devices placed in a row of an internal combustion engine according to the present invention. 図１の内燃機関のシリンダ装置の斜視図。The perspective view of the cylinder apparatus of the internal combustion engine of FIG. 図２のシリンダ装置のシリンダヘッドの斜視図。The perspective view of the cylinder head of the cylinder apparatus of FIG. 図２のシリンダ装置のバレルの斜視図。The perspective view of the barrel of the cylinder apparatus of FIG. 図２のシリンダ装置の冷却水・始動空気装置の斜視図。FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a cooling water / starting air device of the cylinder device of FIG. 2. 図２のシリンダ装置の平面図。The top view of the cylinder apparatus of FIG. 図６のＶＩＩ−ＶＩＩ線に沿ったシリンダ装置の断面図。Sectional drawing of the cylinder apparatus along the VII-VII line of FIG. 図６のＶＩＩＩ−ＶＩＩＩ線に沿った図２のシリンダ装置の断面図。Sectional drawing of the cylinder apparatus of FIG. 2 along the VIII-VIII line of FIG. 図６のＩＸ−ＩＸ線に沿った図２のシリンダ装置の断面図。Sectional drawing of the cylinder apparatus of FIG. 2 along the IX-IX line of FIG. 図６のＸ−Ｘ線に沿った図２のシリンダ装置の断面図。Sectional drawing of the cylinder apparatus of FIG. 2 along the XX line of FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

２０ シリンダ装置、２１ シリンダヘッド、２２ バレル、２３ 冷却水・始動空気案内装置、２４ 入口弁、２５ 出口弁、２６ 孔、２７ 連結要素、２８〜３０ 配管、３１ 始動空気の流れ、３２ 冷却水流入、３３ 冷却水排出、３４ 環状通路部分、３５ 昇り通路部分、３６ 出口通路部分、３７ 孔、３８ 電磁弁、３９ 制御空気通路、４０、４１ 環状通路部分、４２ 環状隙間、４３ 通路部分、４４ 空洞、４５ 入口通路、４６ 出口通路、４７ 取り出し通路部分、４８ 環状通路部分 20 Cylinder Device, 21 Cylinder Head, 22 Barrel, 23 Cooling Water / Starting Air Guide Device, 24 Inlet Valve, 25 Outlet Valve, 26 Hole, 27 Connecting Element, 28-30 Piping, 31 Start Air Flow, 32 Cooling Water Inflow , 33 Cooling water discharge, 34 Annular passage part, 35 Ascending passage part, 36 Outlet passage part, 37 hole, 38 Solenoid valve, 39 Control air passage, 40, 41 Annular passage part, 42 Annular gap, 43 passage part, 44 cavity 45, inlet passage, 46 outlet passage, 47 take-out passage portion, 48 annular passage portion

Claims (10)

複数のシリンダ装置（２０）を備え、各シリンダ装置（２０）がシリンダヘッド（２１）およびバレル（２２）を有する内燃機関において、各シリンダ装置（２０）が冷却水・始動空気案内装置（２３）を有し、該案内装置（２３）が、シリンダヘッド（２１）およびバレル（２２）を、シリンダヘッド（２１）とバレル（２２）が結合された区域で取り囲み、冷却水・始動空気案内装置（２３）並びにシリンダヘッド（２１）およびバレル（２２）が、各シリンダ装置（２０）の始動空気入口通路、冷却水入口通路および冷却水排出通路の通路部分を境界付けることを特徴とする内燃機関。   In an internal combustion engine including a plurality of cylinder devices (20), each cylinder device (20) having a cylinder head (21) and a barrel (22), each cylinder device (20) is a cooling water / starting air guide device (23). The guide device (23) surrounds the cylinder head (21) and the barrel (22) in an area where the cylinder head (21) and the barrel (22) are coupled, and the cooling water / starting air guide device ( 23) An internal combustion engine in which the cylinder head (21) and the barrel (22) delimit the passage portions of the starting air inlet passage, the cooling water inlet passage and the cooling water discharge passage of each cylinder device (20). 各シリンダ装置（２０）の冷却水・始動空気案内装置（２３）が連結要素（２７）を有し、互いに隣接するシリンダ装置（２０）の始動空気入口通路、冷却水入口通路および冷却水排出通路が、前記連結要素（２７）を介して相互に連結されたことを特徴とする請求項１記載の内燃機関。   The cooling water / starting air guide device (23) of each cylinder device (20) has a connecting element (27), and the starting air inlet passage, the cooling water inlet passage and the cooling water discharge passage of the cylinder devices (20) adjacent to each other. 2. The internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the two are connected to each other via the connecting element (27). 各シリンダ装置（２０）の始動空気入口通路が、冷却水・始動空気案内装置（２３）とバレル（２２）で境界づけられ、かつシリンダ装置（２０）の周りに延びる環状通路部分（３４）を有し、該環状通路部分（３４）に火炎防止装置が一体に組み入れられたことを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載の内燃機関。   The starting air inlet passage of each cylinder device (20) is bounded by a coolant / starting air guide device (23) and a barrel (22) and has an annular passage portion (34) extending around the cylinder device (20). 3. An internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein a flame prevention device is integrally incorporated in the annular passage portion (34). 火炎防止装置がバレル（２２）の波形形成部によって形成されたことを特徴とする請求項３記載の内燃機関。   4. The internal combustion engine according to claim 3, wherein the flame prevention device is formed by a corrugated portion of the barrel. 各シリンダ装置（２０）の始動空気入口通路の環状通路部分（３４）に、始動空気入口通路の上り通路部分（３５）が続き、該上り通路部分（３５）が冷却水・始動空気案内装置（２３）に組み入れられ、始動空気入口通路の少なくとも１つの出口通路部分（３６）に移行し、該出口通路部分（３６）が、シリンダ装置（２０）のシリンダヘッド（２１）に一体に形成され、始動空気弁で開閉されることを特徴とする請求項３又は４記載の内燃機関。   An annular passage portion (34) of the starting air inlet passage of each cylinder device (20) is followed by an ascending passage portion (35) of the starting air inlet passage, and the ascending passage portion (35) serves as a coolant / starting air guide device ( 23) and transition to at least one outlet passage portion (36) of the starting air inlet passage, which is formed integrally with the cylinder head (21) of the cylinder device (20), 5. The internal combustion engine according to claim 3, wherein the internal combustion engine is opened and closed by a starting air valve. 始動空気弁を制御する電磁弁（３８）と、始動空気弁用の制御空気通路（３９）とが、各シリンダ装置（２０）のシリンダヘッド（２１）内で一体に形成されたことを特徴とする請求項１から５の１つに記載の内燃機関。   A solenoid valve (38) for controlling the start air valve and a control air passage (39) for the start air valve are integrally formed in the cylinder head (21) of each cylinder device (20). An internal combustion engine according to claim 1. 各シリンダ装置（２０）の冷却水入口通路が、冷却水・始動空気案内装置（２３）とバレル（２２）で境界づけられてシリンダ装置（２０）の周りを延びる環状通路部分（４０）を有し、該通路部分（４０）が、冷却水・始動空気案内装置（２３）とシリンダヘッド（２１）で境界づけられシリンダ装置（２０）の周りを延びる環状通路部分（４１）に移行し、冷却水入口通路の両環状通路部分（４０、４１）間に環状隙間（４２）が形成され、この環状隙間（４２）により冷却水転流が調整されることを特徴とする請求項１から６の１つに記載の内燃機関。   The cooling water inlet passage of each cylinder device (20) has an annular passage portion (40) bounded by the cooling water / starting air guide device (23) and the barrel (22) and extending around the cylinder device (20). Then, the passage portion (40) is transferred to an annular passage portion (41) which is bounded by the cooling water / starting air guide device (23) and the cylinder head (21) and extends around the cylinder device (20). 7. An annular gap (42) is formed between both annular passage portions (40, 41) of the water inlet passage, and the cooling water commutation is adjusted by the annular gap (42). The internal combustion engine according to one. 冷却水・始動空気案内装置（２３）とシリンダヘッド（２１）で境界づけられた冷却水入口通路の環状通路部分（４１）が、シリンダヘッド（２１）の少なくとも１つの底側通路部分（４３）に移行し、シリンダヘッド（２１）の底側通路部分（４３）が、シリンダヘッド（２１）で規定されシリンダ装置（２０）の排気ガス通路（４６）を取り囲む空洞（４４）に開口していることを特徴とする請求項７記載の内燃機関。   An annular passage portion (41) of the cooling water inlet passage bounded by the cooling water / starting air guide device (23) and the cylinder head (21) is at least one bottom passage portion (43) of the cylinder head (21). The bottom side passage portion (43) of the cylinder head (21) opens to a cavity (44) defined by the cylinder head (21) and surrounding the exhaust gas passage (46) of the cylinder device (20). The internal combustion engine according to claim 7. 各シリンダ装置（２０）の冷却水排出通路が、冷却水・始動空気案内装置（２３）とシリンダヘッド（２１）で境界づけられシリンダ装置（２０）の周りに延びる環状通路部分（４８）を有し、該通路部分（４８）が、シリンダヘッド（２１）に一体形成された取り出し通路部分（４７）を介して、シリンダヘッド（２１）で規定されかつシリンダ装置（２０）の排気ガス通路（４６）を取り囲む空洞（４４）に接続され、各シリンダ装置（２０）の空洞（４４）から冷却水が前記取り出し通路部分（４７）を介して排出されることを特徴とする請求項１から８の１つに記載の内燃機関。   The cooling water discharge passage of each cylinder device (20) has an annular passage portion (48) bounded by the cooling water / starting air guide device (23) and the cylinder head (21) and extending around the cylinder device (20). The passage portion (48) is defined by the cylinder head (21) and the exhaust gas passage (46) of the cylinder device (20) through a take-out passage portion (47) formed integrally with the cylinder head (21). The cooling water is discharged from the cavity (44) of each cylinder device (20) through the take-out passage portion (47). The internal combustion engine according to one. 空洞（４４）の最高個所から冷却水を取り出し、冷却水排出通路を介して各シリンダ装置（２０）から排出するために、取り出し通路部分（４７）が空洞（４４）の最高個所でその空洞（４４）に接続されたことを特徴とする請求項９記載の内燃機関。   In order to take out the cooling water from the highest point of the cavity (44) and discharge it from each cylinder device (20) via the cooling water discharge passage, the take-out passage part (47) is the cavity (44) at the highest point of the cavity (44). 44) The internal combustion engine according to claim 9, wherein the internal combustion engine is connected to 44).
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