JP4548427B2 - Power line carrier communication equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a power line carrier communication device that performs data transmission using a power line.

  A major feature of the power line carrier communication device is that a home communication network can be constructed immediately by using a power line already in each home as a network transmission path. However, since the power line carrier communication device transmits and receives signals using a power line with a poor balance as a communication medium, leakage power from the power line is large. In addition, in the frequency band necessary for high-speed power line carrier communication, amateur radio, short wave broadcasting, and the like already use the frequency band. Therefore, interference from the power line carrier communication apparatus with respect to these existing communication systems becomes a problem. Various restrictions on items such as the frequency band to be used and allowable electric field strength are added to the items regulated by the Radio Law and Communication Law established in each country, and the frequency band used for communication should be restricted accordingly. Is required. In addition, since various electric devices are connected to a general power line that is a communication medium of a power line carrier communication device, the impedance of the power line that affects communication performance, noise on the power line, signal attenuation during transmission, etc. It differs depending on the wiring state of the power line in each household, changes depending on the electric equipment connected to the power line, and the characteristics vary greatly depending on the frequency.

  As described above, in power line carrier communication using a power line as a communication medium, there are concerns about communication failure due to impedance fluctuation, noise, signal attenuation, etc. of the power line, and interference with other existing communication systems. For this reason, a mechanism for avoiding the use of frequency bands with temporary communication failures and a mechanism for flexibly responding to the laws and regulations of each country, that is, a frequency band used for communication and a frequency band not used are properly distinguished, Furthermore, it is essential that they can be easily changed. Many proposals using a multicarrier transmission method have been made for this problem.

  As a conventional power line carrier communication apparatus using a power line as a communication medium, for example, there is an apparatus described in (Patent Document 1).

  FIG. 25 is a block diagram showing a power line carrier communication device described in (Patent Document 1).

  25, 600 is a power line carrier communication apparatus, 601 is a data divider, 602 is a QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) encoder, 603 is an inverse Fourier transformer, 604 is a parallel-serial converter, 605 is a D / A converter, 606 Is a low-pass filter, 607 is a power line coupling circuit, 608 is a power line, 609 is a low-pass filter, 610 is an A / D converter, 611 series-parallel converter, 612 is a Fourier transformer, 613 is a QAM decoder, and 614 is Data synthesizer.

  As is apparent from the configuration of FIG. 25, the power line carrier communication device described in (Patent Document 1) is an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (hereinafter referred to as “OFDM transmission”) using Fourier transform. Is applied to power line carrier communications.

  Next, the operation of the power line carrier communication apparatus of FIG. 25 will be described.

  Regarding the transmission operation to the power line 608, first, transmission data is input to the data divider 601 and a bit string to be assigned to a plurality of subcarriers is generated. Next, this bit string is converted into a complex signal by the QAM encoder 602, and a frequency sample-multiplexed time sample sequence is generated via an inverse Fourier transformer 603 and a parallel-serial converter 604. This time sample sequence is transmitted to the power line 608 via the D / A converter 605, the low-pass filter 606, and the power line coupling circuit 607. On the contrary, in the reception operation from the power line 608, the A / D converter 610 converts an analog signal (power line communication signal) received through the power line coupling circuit 607 and the low-pass filter 609 into a digital signal. Next, this digital signal is converted into a QAM code for each frequency via a serial-parallel converter 611 and a Fourier transformer 612. Each QAM code is demodulated by a QAM decoder 613 and the demodulated data is synthesized by a data synthesizer 614.

As described above, according to this power line carrier communication apparatus, the transmission signal is configured by a carrier wave (subcarrier) having a plurality of frequency spectrums by the OFDM transmission method, and each of those is determined according to the frequency characteristics of power line noise and attenuation. By adaptively changing the amount of information to be superimposed on the subcarrier, there is an effect that communication can be performed by using the frequency with high efficiency and improving the transmission speed. In addition, by controlling the circuit on the transmission side so that arbitrary subcarriers are not used, communication in a frequency band with a poor transmission path environment is avoided, and multi-values are actively added in a frequency band in which the transmission path condition is good. By performing modulation, stable communication can be performed. Further, this control can output a signal conforming to the laws and regulations of each country.
JP 2000-165304 A

  However, the conventional power line carrier communication apparatus has the following problems. This will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 26 is a graph showing a guard interval mechanism, and FIG. 27 is a graph showing OFDM filter bank characteristics.

  In a conventional power line carrier communication apparatus, OFDM transmission using Fourier transform is performed in communication using a power line. OFDM transmission using Fourier transform is shown in FIG. 26 in order to reduce the influence of multipath. It is necessary to provide such a guard interval section in the signal section. The guard interval section is redundant from the viewpoint of information transmission, and the frequency utilization efficiency is reduced accordingly. Also, the shorter the guard interval interval, the better the transmission efficiency, but it is more susceptible to multipath on the receiving side, leading to a deterioration in error rate characteristics. In the power line communication environment, since the delay time of the delayed wave due to multipath is particularly large, it is necessary to increase the guard interval section, and as a result, the rate at which the transmission speed is sacrificed becomes extremely large. In addition, with respect to avoiding interference with existing systems, the conventional method uses a method in which the amplitude of the signal in the band used by the existing system is theoretically zero by not allocating (masking) data to subcarriers. It is done. FIG. 19 (described later) shows an example in which masking is performed on a band not used in the OFDM system. Although the amplitude of the masked subcarrier does not appear, the attenuation of only about 13 dB can be obtained due to the leakage of the side lobe of the adjacent subcarrier. In the case of OFDM, since a square wave is used as a window function for Fourier transform, as shown in FIG. 27, only about 13 dB attenuation of the side lobe with respect to the main lobe can be obtained. Therefore, the interference with the existing communication system cannot be reduced sufficiently. In particular, in the frequency band used by high-speed power line carrier communication, there are already many radio systems with high reception sensitivity such as amateur radio and short wave broadcasting. In order to avoid the influence on these existing systems, it is necessary not to transmit the band used by the existing system. For this reason, in the conventional method, it is necessary to newly install a band rejection filter. This band rejection filter causes an increase in circuit scale and is necessary to operate at high speed, which is one of the factors that increase power consumption.

  In this power line carrier communication device, communication is possible even if the guard interval that causes the transmission speed deterioration is eliminated, and the frequency band used for communication is limited according to the radio wave regulations of each country, and the circuit scale increases. Therefore, it is required to obtain a sufficient attenuation amount in the use band of the existing system without installing a band rejection filter.

  In order to satisfy such requirements, the present invention allows communication even if the guard interval that causes transmission speed degradation is eliminated, limits the frequency band used for communication according to the radio wave regulations of each country, It is an object of the present invention to provide a power line carrier communication device that can obtain a sufficient amount of attenuation in a band used by an existing system without installing a band rejection filter that causes an increase in scale.

  In order to solve the above problems, a power line carrier communication apparatus of the present invention is a power line carrier communication apparatus that superimposes a signal on a power line and performs transmission using a subcarrier, generates a bit string from the signal, and generates the bit string. Received from a signal point mapping unit that maps to a signal point on the complex region of the subcarrier, a wavelet inverse transformation unit that inversely transforms the signal point mapped by the signal point mapping unit, and another power line carrier communication device And an arrangement control unit that changes the arrangement of the signal points on which the bit string is to be mapped on the complex area based on an error related to the data.

  As a result, communication is possible even if the guard interval that causes transmission speed degradation is eliminated, and the band rejection filter that limits the frequency band used for communication according to the radio wave regulations of each country and causes an increase in circuit scale. Thus, it is possible to obtain a power line carrier communication apparatus that can obtain a sufficient amount of attenuation in the use band of the existing system without installing the.

  Further, it is possible to reduce errors that occur during communication by changing the arrangement of the signal points on which the bit string is to be mapped on the complex area based on errors relating to data received from other power line carrier communication devices. .

The first power line carrier communication device is a power line carrier communication device that superimposes a signal on a power line and performs transmission using a subcarrier, generates a bit string from the signal, and places the bit string on a complex region of the subcarrier. A signal point mapping unit that maps to the signal point, a wavelet inverse transformation unit that inversely transforms the signal point mapped by the signal point mapping unit, and an error relating to data received from another power line carrier communication device A power line carrier communication apparatus comprising: an arrangement control unit that changes an arrangement of the signal points on which the bit string should be mapped on a complex region.

According to the first power line carrier communication apparatus, a redundant signal part called a guard interval, which is necessary in the OFDM transmission method, is not necessary, and it is possible to improve frequency use efficiency and to perform a Fourier operation that requires a complex operation. Since the transformation is realized by wavelet transformation that performs only the computation of the real part, the amount of computation can be reduced, and the circuit scale can be reduced. In addition, communication is possible even if the guard interval that causes transmission speed degradation is eliminated, and the band rejection filter that limits the frequency band used for communication according to the radio wave regulations of each country and causes an increase in circuit scale It is possible to obtain a sufficient attenuation amount in the use band of the existing system without installing.

  Moreover, the error which arises during communication can be reduced by changing arrangement | positioning in the complex area | region of the signal point which should map a bit stream based on the error regarding the data received from the other power line carrier communication apparatus.

The second power line carrier communication device is a power line carrier communication device that receives a signal superimposed on a power line, and a wavelet transform unit that wavelet transforms the signal to a signal point on a complex region, and a signal on the complex region A power line comprising: a signal point inverse mapping unit that inversely maps a point to the bit sequence; and an arrangement control unit that changes an arrangement of the signal points on the complex region of the bit sequence to be inversely mapped based on an error related to the signal A carrier communication device was used.

According to the second power line carrier communication apparatus, a redundant signal part called a guard interval, which is necessary in the OFDM transmission method, is not necessary, and the frequency utilization efficiency can be improved, and Fourier which requires a complex operation is required. Since the transformation is realized by wavelet transformation that performs only the computation of the real part, the amount of computation can be reduced, and the circuit scale can be reduced. In addition, communication is possible even if the guard interval that causes transmission speed degradation is eliminated, and the band rejection filter that limits the frequency band used for communication according to the radio wave regulations of each country and causes an increase in circuit scale It is possible to obtain a sufficient attenuation amount in the use band of the existing system without installing.

  In addition, it is possible to reduce errors that occur during communication by changing the arrangement of the signal points on which the bit string should be reverse-mapped on the complex area based on the error related to the signal superimposed on the power line.

The third power line carrier communication device is further a power line carrier communication device including a notification unit that notifies the other power line carrier communication device of the arrangement of the signal points on the complex region changed by the arrangement control unit.

According to the third power line carrier communication device, the other power line carrier communication device is raised to the power line by notifying the other power line carrier communication device of the arrangement of the signal points changed by the arrangement control unit on the complex region. It is possible to reduce errors that occur when receiving a received signal.

The fourth power line carrier communication apparatus is further a power line carrier communication apparatus provided with a detection unit for detecting the arrangement of the signal points on the complex region of the bit string to be reverse-mapped.

According to the fourth power line carrier communication apparatus, it is possible to reduce errors that occur when a signal superimposed on a power line is received by detecting the arrangement of signal points on which a bit string is to be reverse-mapped in the complex region. .

In a fifth power line carrier communication device , the arrangement control unit is a power line carrier communication device that changes the arrangement of the signal points on the complex region when an error regarding the signal exceeds a predetermined value.

According to the fifth power line carrier communication apparatus, when an error relating to a signal superimposed on the power line exceeds a predetermined value, an error occurring in communication is reduced by changing the arrangement of signal points on the complex region. be able to.

A sixth power line carrier communication device is a power line carrier communication device that superimposes a signal on a power line and performs transmission using a subcarrier, generates a bit string from the signal, and places the bit string on a complex region of the subcarrier. A signal point mapping unit that maps to the signal point, a wavelet inverse transformation unit that inversely transforms the signal point mapped by the signal point mapping unit, and an error relating to data received from another power line carrier communication device And a subcarrier changing unit that changes the subcarrier used in the powerline carrier communication device to another subcarrier.

According to the sixth power line carrier communication apparatus, a redundant signal part called a guard interval, which was necessary in the OFDM transmission method, is not necessary, and the frequency utilization efficiency can be improved, and Fourier which requires complex operation Since the transformation is realized by wavelet transformation that performs only the computation of the real part, the amount of computation can be reduced, and the circuit scale can be reduced. In addition, communication is possible even if the guard interval that causes transmission speed degradation is eliminated, and the band rejection filter that limits the frequency band used for communication according to the radio wave regulations of each country and causes an increase in circuit scale It is possible to obtain a sufficient attenuation amount in the use band of the existing system without installing.

  Moreover, it occurs during communication with another power line carrier communication apparatus by changing a subcarrier used for the power line carrier communication apparatus to another subcarrier based on an error regarding data received from another power line carrier communication apparatus. Errors can be reduced.

The seventh power line carrier communication device is a power line carrier communication device that receives a signal superimposed on a power line using a subcarrier, and a wavelet transform unit that wavelet transforms the signal to a signal point on a complex region, A signal point inverse mapping unit that reversely maps signal points on the complex region to a bit string, and a subcarrier changing unit that changes the subcarrier used for power line carrier communication to another subcarrier based on an error related to the signal; It was set as the power line carrier communication apparatus provided with.

According to the seventh power line carrier communication apparatus, a redundant signal part called a guard interval, which was necessary in the OFDM transmission method, is not necessary, and the frequency utilization efficiency can be improved, and a Fourier which requires a complex operation. Since the transformation is realized by wavelet transformation that performs only the computation of the real part, the amount of computation can be reduced, and the circuit scale can be reduced. In addition, communication is possible even if the guard interval that causes transmission speed degradation is eliminated, and the band rejection filter that limits the frequency band used for communication according to the radio wave regulations of each country and causes an increase in circuit scale It is possible to obtain a sufficient attenuation amount in the use band of the existing system without installing.

  Further, by changing the subcarrier used for power line carrier communication to another subcarrier based on an error related to the signal superimposed on the power line, errors generated when receiving the signal superimposed on the power line are reduced. be able to.

The eighth power line carrier communication device is the power line carrier communication device according to claim 6, further comprising a notification unit for notifying the other power line carrier communication device of the other subcarrier used in the power line carrier communication device. It was set as the power line carrier communication apparatus provided.

According to the eighth power line carrier communication apparatus, the other power line carrier communication apparatus receives a signal superimposed on the power line by notifying the other power line carrier communication apparatus of other subcarriers used for power line carrier communication. Errors that occur can be reduced.

The ninth power line carrier communication device is a power line carrier communication device further comprising a detection unit that detects the other subcarriers used in the power line carrier communication device.

According to the ninth power line carrier communication apparatus, by detecting the other subcarrier used in the power line carrier communication apparatus, it is possible to reduce errors that occur when a signal superimposed on the power line is received.

In a tenth power line carrier communication device , the sub carrier changing unit changes the sub carrier used for power line carrier communication to another sub carrier when an error regarding the signal exceeds a predetermined value. The device.

According to the tenth power line carrier communication apparatus, when the error related to the signal superimposed on the power line exceeds a predetermined value, the subcarrier used for the power line carrier communication is changed to another subcarrier. It is possible to reduce errors that occur in the image.

A first power line carrier communication apparatus is a power line carrier communication apparatus that superimposes a signal on a power line and performs transmission using a subcarrier, generates a bit string from the signal, and converts the bit string into a complex region of the subcarrier. A signal point mapping unit that maps to the upper signal point, a wavelet inverse transformation unit that performs wavelet inverse transformation on the signal point mapped by the signal point mapping unit, and outputs a signal having a predetermined frequency band; and the predetermined point A power line carrier communication device including a frequency changing unit that changes a frequency band.

According to the eleventh power line carrier communication apparatus, a redundant signal part called a guard interval, which was necessary in the OFDM transmission method, is not necessary, and the frequency utilization efficiency can be improved, and a Fourier requiring a complex operation is required. Since the transformation is realized by wavelet transformation that performs only the computation of the real part, the amount of computation can be reduced, and the circuit scale can be reduced. In addition, communication is possible even if the guard interval that causes transmission speed degradation is eliminated, and the band rejection filter that limits the frequency band used for communication according to the radio wave regulations of each country and causes an increase in circuit scale It is possible to obtain a sufficient attenuation amount in the use band of the existing system without installing.

  In addition, since it is possible to change the frequency band of the signal, for example, it is possible to easily cope with the case where the frequency band that can be used in and outside the house is different in each country, and only the baseband transmission method is supported. As a result, the circuit scale can be further reduced.

A twelfth power line carrier communication device is a power line carrier communication device that receives a signal superimposed on a power line and having a predetermined frequency band, the frequency changing unit changing the predetermined frequency band, and the frequency changing unit A power line carrier communication apparatus comprising: a wavelet transform unit that wavelet transforms a signal whose frequency band has been changed by a signal point to a signal point on a complex region; and a signal point inverse mapping unit that inversely maps the signal point on the complex region to a bit string It was.

According to the twelfth power line carrier communication apparatus, a redundant signal part called a guard interval, which is necessary in the OFDM transmission method, is not necessary, and the frequency use efficiency can be improved, and Fourier which requires a complex operation. Since the transformation is realized by wavelet transformation that performs only the computation of the real part, the amount of computation can be reduced, and the circuit scale can be reduced. In addition, communication is possible even if the guard interval that causes transmission speed degradation is eliminated, and the band rejection filter that limits the frequency band used for communication according to the radio wave regulations of each country and causes an increase in circuit scale It is possible to obtain a sufficient attenuation amount in the use band of the existing system without installing.

  In addition, since it is possible to change the frequency band of the signal, for example, it is possible to easily cope with the case where the frequency band that can be used in and outside the house is different in each country, and only the baseband transmission method is supported. As a result, the circuit scale can be further reduced.

In the thirteenth power line carrier communication apparatus , the frequency change unit is a power line carrier communication apparatus which is an SSB modulator.

According to the thirteenth power line carrier communication apparatus, the frequency band of the signal can be changed by using the SSB modulator as the frequency changing unit. Therefore, it is possible to easily cope with different cases, and the circuit scale can be further reduced as compared with the case of using only the baseband transmission method.

In the fourteenth power line carrier communication device , the frequency changing unit is a power line carrier communication device which is a quadrature modulator.

According to the fourteenth power line carrier communication apparatus, the frequency band of the signal can be changed by using the quadrature modulator as the frequency changing unit. Therefore, it is possible to easily cope with different cases, and the circuit scale can be further reduced as compared with the case of using only the baseband transmission method.

In the fifteenth power line carrier communication apparatus , the frequency changing unit is a power line carrier communication apparatus which is an SSB demodulator.

According to the fifteenth power line carrier communication apparatus, the frequency band of the signal can be changed by using the SSB demodulator as the frequency changing unit. Therefore, it is possible to easily cope with different cases, and the circuit scale can be further reduced as compared with the case of using only the baseband transmission method.

In a sixteenth power line carrier communication device , the SSB demodulator is a power line carrier communication device that changes the frequency band to a baseband band.

According to the sixteenth power line carrier communication device, when the frequency band of the signal superimposed on the power line is changed to the baseband by the SSB demodulator, for example, the frequency band that can be used in the house and outside the house is different in each country. The circuit scale can be further reduced as compared with the case where only the baseband transmission method is used.

In the seventeenth power line carrier communication apparatus , the frequency changing unit is a power line carrier communication apparatus which is a quadrature demodulator.

According to the seventeenth power line carrier communication apparatus, the frequency band of the signal can be changed by using the quadrature demodulator as the frequency changing unit. For example, the frequency band that can be used inside and outside the house is different in each country. Different cases can be easily handled, and the circuit scale can be further reduced as compared with the case where only the baseband transmission method is used.

In an eighteenth power line carrier communication device , the quadrature modulator is a power line carrier communication device that changes the frequency band to a baseband band.

According to the eighteenth power line carrier communication apparatus, for example, when the orthogonal demodulator changes the frequency band of the signal superimposed on the power line to the baseband band, for example, the frequency band that can be used inside and outside the house is different in each country. The circuit scale can be further reduced as compared with the case where only the baseband transmission method is used.

In a nineteenth power line carrier communication device , the wavelet inverse transform unit and the wavelet transform unit are power line carrier communication devices having a complete reconstruction or pseudo complete reconstruction overlapped orthogonal transform function or generalized overlapped orthogonal transform function.

According to the nineteenth power line carrier communication apparatus, since all the filters of the filter bank circuit that realizes the wavelet transform can have linear phase characteristics, the number of multipliers required for the filter bank can be halved. And the circuit scale can be reduced. Further, since the frequency characteristics of each subcarrier can be designed steeply around the main lobe, the influence of interference from other subcarriers and noise outside the band can be reduced during reception.

In the twentieth power line carrier communication device , the wavelet inverse transform unit and the wavelet transform unit are power line carrier communication devices having a modulation overlap conversion function or an extended modulation overlap conversion function.

According to the twentieth power line carrier communication apparatus, since the side lobe frequency characteristics of the subcarrier can be designed more steeply with the main lobe as the center, it is conventional for the purpose of preventing the existing system from being affected in the power line carrier communication apparatus. The required band rejection filter is not required, and the influence of interference from other subcarriers and noise outside the band can be reduced during reception.

In the twenty-first power line carrier communication device , the wavelet inverse transform unit and the wavelet transform unit are power line carrier communication devices configured by a polyphase filter bank circuit.

According to the twenty-first power line carrier communication device, the calculation at the time of modulation and demodulation can be performed at a low rate and the operation clock frequency can be lowered, so that the power consumption of the circuit can be reduced. Can be reduced. In addition, since the operation clock frequency can be lowered, the arithmetic unit can be used and the circuit scale can be reduced.

In a twenty-second power line carrier communication device , the wavelet inverse transform unit and the wavelet transform unit are power line carrier communication devices configured by a lattice bank filter bank circuit.

According to the twenty-second power line carrier communication apparatus, the calculation at the time of modulation and demodulation can be performed at a low rate and the operation clock frequency can be lowered, so that the power consumption of the circuit can be reduced. Can be reduced. In addition, since the amount of calculation can be reduced by using a high-speed DCT together, the power consumption and circuit scale of the circuit can be reduced.

The twenty-third power line carrier communication apparatus is a power line carrier communication apparatus further comprising an output control unit that changes the output of the subcarrier based on the signal power versus noise power of the subcarrier.

According to the twenty-third power line carrier communication apparatus, since the output of the subcarrier is changed based on the signal power versus noise power of the subcarrier, the noise level on the power line can be suppressed, and the noise level on the power line is low. When no communication error occurs, the power required for transmission can be suppressed.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

(Embodiment 1)
First, differences between modulation and demodulation by Fourier transform and wavelet transform will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1A is a graph for explaining the concept of the time waveform of the wavelet, and FIG. 1B is a graph for explaining the concept of the frequency spectrum of the wavelet. FIG. 2A is an explanatory diagram showing a data flow in orthogonal transformation, and FIG. 2B is an explanatory diagram showing a data flow in overlapping orthogonal transformation.

  In modulation / demodulation using Fourier transform, each subcarrier is configured by multiplying a plurality of orthogonal functions orthogonal to each other by a rectangular wave window function, and the frequency characteristic at that time is a Sinc function (Sinx / x function). On the other hand, in modulation / demodulation using wavelet transform, each subcarrier is constituted by a plurality of wavelets orthogonal to each other. The wavelet here is a waveform that is localized both in the time domain and in the frequency domain, as shown in FIG.

  In the Fourier transform, as shown in FIG. 2A, the sample values of the input signal are blocked in the transform process without overlapping. In the example in FIG. 2A, the flow of blocking the input signal in the case of the division number 2 is shown. On the other hand, in the wavelet transform, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the sample values of the input signal are overlapped in the form of being shifted by the number of divisions in each transform process to form blocks. The example in FIG. 2B shows the flow of input signal blocking when the number of divisions is 2 and the degree of overlap is 2. From the comparison between the two, it can be seen that the filter length in one conversion process is different even in the same division number. That is, in the Fourier transform, the shape and time length of the subcarrier waveform are uniquely determined with respect to the number of divisions, but in the wavelet transform, the shape and time length can be changed depending on the overlap of input signals. There is a degree.

  FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the power line carrier communication apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  In FIG. 3, 101 is a transmission unit, and 111 is a reception unit. The transmission unit 101 includes a signal point mapper 102, a wavelet inverse transformer 103, a D / A converter 104, a transmission amplifier 105, and a band pass filter 106. The reception unit 111 includes a band pass filter 112, an amplification degree controller 113, an A / D converter 114, a wavelet transformer 115, and a symbol determination unit 116. The power line carrier communication apparatus 100 includes a transmission unit 101, a reception unit 111, a power line coupling circuit 121, and a control unit 122.

  The operation of the power line carrier communication apparatus configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation of the transmission unit 101 of the power line carrier communication device, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation of the reception unit 111 of the power line carrier communication device. Note that the number N of subcarriers and the filter length M in the wavelet transform process have a degree of freedom, the number N of subcarriers is a power of 2, and the filter length M is an integer multiple of the number N of subcarriers. Is possible. However, in this embodiment, in order to simplify the description, a wavelet that divides the used frequency band into four is used. That is, description will be made assuming that the number N of subcarriers used for communication is four. Further, each filter constituting the wavelet has a filter length that is twice the number of subcarriers N, and performs conversion using two signal point data.

  First, the data flow of the transmission unit 101 will be described with reference to FIG.

  First, the signal point mapper 102 generates a plurality of bit strings having appropriate lengths for data to be transmitted (transmission bit series). For example, the data “00011111010110100” is divided into two bits such as “00”, “01”, “11”, “10”, “10”, “11”, “01”, “00”. A bit string to be assigned to each subcarrier is generated. Next, the signal point mapper 102 converts the generated bit sequences of “00”, “01”, “11”, and “10” into “+1”, “+3”, “−3”, “−1”, respectively. These are mapped to signal points corresponding to pulse amplitude modulation (PAM). The PAM signal point data is assigned to the input unit of the wavelet inverse transformer 103 as T1. The wavelet inverse transformer 103 performs wavelet inverse transformation using the two signal point data assigned as in T1, and outputs a sample value of the transmission waveform on the time axis in one symbol period. The D / A converter 104 outputs the time sample value (time waveform series data) at a constant sampling time. The transmission amplifier 105 amplifies this transmission waveform to the transmission signal level, and the band pass filter 106 removes unnecessary frequency components. The power line coupling circuit 121 outputs the signal shaped by the band pass filter 106 to the power line 110 as a power line communication signal. The above is the description of the data flow at the time of transmission.

  Next, the data flow of the reception unit 111 will be described with reference to FIG.

  First, the power line coupling circuit 121 extracts a power line communication signal from the power line 110. The band pass filter 112 removes an out-of-band noise signal from the signal extracted by the power line coupling circuit 121 and outputs it to the amplification degree controller 113. The amplification degree controller 113 adjusts the signal level so as to be within the dynamic range of the A / D converter 114, and the A / D converter 114 samples this signal waveform at the same timing as the sampling timing on the transmission side. And digitize. The wavelet transformer 115 performs wavelet transformation on the waveform data to obtain signal point data for each subcarrier. The symbol determiner 116 reverse-maps this signal point data, restores it to the bit string considered to be the closest, and obtains received data. The above is the description of the data flow at the time of reception.

  In this embodiment, high-speed communication is possible by assigning transmission data to a plurality of subcarriers in order, but more reliable by simultaneously assigning and transmitting the same data to different subcarriers. High-performance data communication is also possible.

  With the above-described configuration, a redundant signal portion called a guard interval that is necessary in the OFDM transmission method is not necessary, and transmission efficiency can be improved. In addition, since the Fourier transform that requires complex computation is realized by wavelet transformation that performs only the computation of the real part, the amount of computation can be reduced and the circuit scale can be reduced.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a power line carrier communication apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In this embodiment, a case will be described in which the baseband signal in Embodiment 1 is extended to a band signal centered on an arbitrary carrier wave.

  In FIG. 6, 101 is a transmission unit, and 111 is a reception unit. The transmission unit 101 includes a signal point mapper 102, a wavelet inverse transformer 103, an SSB (single side band) modulator 107 as a transmission frequency converter, a D / A converter 104, and a transmission An amplifier 105 and a band pass filter 106 are provided. The reception unit 111 includes a band-pass filter 112, an amplification degree controller 113, an A / D converter 114, an SSB demodulator 117 as a reception frequency converter, a wavelet converter 115, and a symbol determiner. 116. The power line carrier communication apparatus 100 includes a transmission unit 101, a reception unit 111, a power line coupling circuit 121, and a control unit 122.

  The operation of the power line carrier communication apparatus configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. In the present embodiment, for the sake of simplicity, it is assumed that the used frequency band is a wavelet divided into four, and each filter constituting the wavelet has a filter length that is twice the number N of subcarriers. The operation in the present embodiment is the same except that the frequency shift of the first embodiment is performed.

  First, the data flow of the transmission unit 101 will be described with reference to FIG. First, the signal point mapper 102 generates a plurality of bit strings having appropriate lengths for data to be transmitted (transmission bit series). For example, the data “00011111010110100” is divided into two bits such as “00”, “01”, “11”, “10”, “10”, “11”, “01”, “00”. A bit string to be assigned to each subcarrier is generated. Next, the signal point mapper 102 converts the generated bit sequences of “00”, “01”, “11”, and “10” into “+1”, “+3”, “−3”, “−1”, respectively. To signal points corresponding to pulse amplitude modulation (PAM). The PAM signal point data is assigned to the input unit of the wavelet inverse transformer 103 as T1. The wavelet inverse transformer 103 performs wavelet inverse transformation using the two signal point data assigned as in T1, and outputs a sample value of the transmission waveform on the time axis in one symbol period. The SSB modulator 107 shifts the frequency of this transmission sample sequence. The D / A converter 104 outputs the frequency-shifted time sample value at a constant sampling time. The transmission amplifier 105 amplifies the transmission waveform to an appropriate level, and the band pass filter 106 removes unnecessary frequency components. The power line coupling circuit 121 outputs the signal shaped by the band pass filter 106 to the power line 110 as a power line communication signal. The above is the description of the data flow at the time of transmission.

  Next, the data flow of the reception unit 111 will be described with reference to FIG.

  First, the power line coupling circuit 121 extracts a power line communication signal from the power line 110. The band pass filter 112 removes an out-of-band noise signal from the signal extracted by the power line coupling circuit 121 and outputs it to the amplification degree controller 113. The amplification degree controller 113 adjusts the signal level so as to be within the dynamic range of the A / D converter 114, and the A / D converter 114 samples this signal waveform at the same timing as the sampling timing on the transmission side. And digitize. The SSB demodulator 117 down-converts this digital signal to the baseband band. The wavelet transformer 115 wavelet transforms this waveform data to obtain signal point data for each subcarrier. The symbol determiner 116 reverse-maps this signal point data, restores it to the bit string considered to be the closest, and obtains received data. The above is the description of the data flow at the time of reception.

  This configuration eliminates the need for redundant signal portions called guard intervals, which are necessary in the OFDM transmission system, as in the first embodiment of the present invention, and improves frequency utilization efficiency. In addition, since the Fourier transform that requires complex computation is realized by wavelet transformation that performs only the computation of the real part, the amount of computation can be reduced and the circuit scale can be reduced. Furthermore, since it is possible to shift to an arbitrary frequency band, for example, it is possible to easily cope with the case where the frequency bands that can be used in and out of the house are different in each country, rather than only using the baseband transmission method. It is possible to further reduce the circuit scale.

(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a power line carrier communication apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

  In FIG. 7, 101 is a transmission unit, and 111 is a reception unit. The transmission unit 101 includes a signal point mapper 102, a wavelet inverse transformer 103, a quadrature modulator 108, a D / A converter 104, a transmission amplifier 105, and a band pass filter 106. The reception unit 111 includes a band pass filter 112, an amplification degree controller 113, an A / D converter 114, an orthogonal demodulator 118, a wavelet transformer 115, and a symbol determination unit 116. The power line carrier communication device 100 includes a transmission unit 101, a reception unit 111, a power line coupling circuit 121, and an overall control unit 122.

  The operation of the power line carrier communication apparatus configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation of the transmission unit 101 of the power line carrier communication device, and FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation of the reception unit 111 of the power line carrier communication device. In this embodiment, for the sake of simplicity, it is assumed that a wavelet that divides a used frequency band into four is used, and each filter constituting the wavelet has a filter length that is twice the number of subcarriers N.

  First, the data flow of the transmission unit 101 will be described with reference to FIG.

  First, the signal point mapper 102 generates a plurality of bit strings having appropriate lengths for data to be transmitted (transmission bit series). For example, the data “00011111010110100” is divided into two bits such as “00”, “01”, “11”, “10”, “10”, “11”, “01”, “00”. A bit string to be assigned to each subcarrier is generated. Next, the signal point mapper 102 converts the generated bit sequences of “00”, “01”, “11”, and “10” into signal points in a complex region corresponding to quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). To map. The QAM signal point data is assigned to the input unit of the wavelet inverse transformer 103 as T2. At this time, the complex signal point data is divided into a real part and an imaginary part. The wavelet inverse transformer 103 performs wavelet inverse transformation on each of the real part and the imaginary part using the two signal point data assigned as T2, and obtains the sample value of the transmission waveform on the time axis in one symbol period. Output. At this time, the sample value of the transmission waveform remains a complex number. The quadrature modulator 108 performs frequency shift to an arbitrary carrier band by performing quadrature modulation on the complex signal. The D / A converter 104 outputs the frequency-shifted time sample value at a constant sampling time. The transmission amplifier 105 amplifies the transmission waveform to an appropriate level, and the band pass filter 106 removes unnecessary frequency components. The power line coupling circuit 121 outputs the signal shaped by the band pass filter 106 to the power line 110 as a power line communication signal. The above is the description of the data flow at the time of transmission.

  Next, the data flow of the reception unit 111 will be described with reference to FIG.

  First, the power line coupling circuit 121 extracts a power line communication signal from the power line 110. The band pass filter 112 removes an out-of-band noise signal from the signal extracted by the power line coupling circuit 121 and outputs it to the amplification degree controller 113. The amplification degree controller 113 adjusts the signal level so as to be within the dynamic range of the A / D converter 114, and the A / D converter 114 samples this signal waveform at the same timing as the sampling timing on the transmission side. And digitize. The quadrature demodulator 118 down-converts the waveform data into a baseband band and converts it into a complex baseband signal. The wavelet transformer 115 performs wavelet transformation on the complex waveform data to obtain complex signal point data for each subcarrier. The symbol determiner 116 reverse-maps this signal point data, restores it to the bit string considered to be the closest, and obtains received data. The above is the description of the data flow at the time of reception.

  This configuration eliminates the need for redundant signal portions called guard intervals, which are necessary in the OFDM transmission system, and improves frequency utilization efficiency. Further, since the signal point data in the complex domain can be used by orthogonal modulation / demodulation, the frequency utilization efficiency is further improved.

(Embodiment 4)
The configuration of the power line carrier communication apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention is the configuration shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 6, or FIG. In the present embodiment, a case will be described in which the wavelet inverse transformer 103 and the wavelet transformer 115 are configured by generalized overlapped orthogonal transform (GLT). GLT is a generalization of the structure of overlapped orthogonal transform (LOT) with respect to the number of taps of a filter.

  FIG. 10A is a graph showing an example of the impulse response of each filter of the filter bank circuit that realizes GLT with four-part perfect reconstruction, and FIG. 10B realizes GLT with four-part perfect reconstruction. It is a graph which shows the example of the frequency response of each filter of the filter bank circuit to do.

  In the present embodiment, the filter bank circuit that realizes the GLT is configured by the FIR filter group, but can also be configured by a polyphase filter or a lattice structure. In addition, although an example of a filter bank circuit that realizes a GLT with complete reconstruction has been shown, a filter bank circuit with pseudo complete reconstruction can also be applied. By employing pseudo-complete reconstruction, it is possible to further reduce the side lobes in each subcarrier than in the case of complete reconstruction.

  By configuring the filter bank circuit as shown in FIG. 10, it is possible to have linear phase characteristics for all the filters of the filter bank circuit that realizes the wavelet transform. Since all the filters have linear phase characteristics, the number of multipliers required for the filter bank can be halved, and the circuit scale can be reduced. Further, since the frequency characteristics of each subcarrier can be designed steeply around the main lobe, it is possible to reduce the influence of interference from other subcarriers and noise outside the band during reception.

(Embodiment 5)
The configuration of the power line carrier communication apparatus according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention is the configuration shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 6, or FIG. In the present embodiment, a case will be described in which the wavelet inverse transformer 103 and the wavelet transformer 115 are configured by an extended modulated overlapped transform (ELT). ELT is a generalized MLT (Modulated Lapped Transform) configuration with respect to the number of filter taps.

  FIG. 11A is a graph showing an example of an impulse response of each filter of the filter bank circuit that realizes the 4-part ELT, and FIG. 11B shows a graph of each filter of the filter bank circuit that realizes the 4-part ELT. It is a graph which shows the example of a frequency response.

  In the present embodiment, the filter bank circuit for realizing ELT is configured by the FIR filter group, but can also be configured by a polyphase filter or a lattice structure.

  By configuring a filter bank circuit having filter coefficients as shown in FIG. 11, the side lobes of each subcarrier can be further reduced as compared with the LOT or GLT described in the fourth embodiment. Since the frequency characteristics of each subcarrier can be designed steeply around the main lobe, the band rejection filter required in the conventional method is not required for the purpose of preventing the existing system from being affected in the power line carrier communication apparatus 100, During reception, it is possible to reduce the influence of interference from other subcarriers and noise outside the band.

(Embodiment 6)
In Embodiment 6 of the present invention, the case where the wavelet inverse transformer 103 and the wavelet transformer 115 constituting the power line carrier communication apparatus 100 of FIGS. 3, 6, and 7 are configured by polyphase filters is shown in FIGS. 13 will be used for explanation. FIG. 12A is a block diagram showing a band synthesis filter bank circuit configured with a general FIR filter, and FIG. 12B is a block diagram showing a band division filter bank circuit configured with a general FIR filter. FIG. 13A is a block diagram showing a band synthesis filter bank circuit constituted by a polyphase filter, and FIG. 13B is a block diagram showing a band division filter bank circuit constituted by a polyphase filter.

  First, the configuration of a filter bank circuit composed of a general FIR filter will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 12, 201 is an upsampler for increasing the sampling rate of a signal N times, 202 is an FIR filter, 203 is an FIR filter group combining a plurality of FIR filters 202 orthogonal to each other, and 204 is a two-input adder. As described above, the band synthesis filter bank circuit 200 as the wavelet inverse transformer 103 is configured.

  Reference numeral 211 denotes an FIR filter, 212 denotes an FIR filter group in which a plurality of FIR filters 211 orthogonal to each other is combined, and 213 denotes a downsampler that makes the sampling rate 1 / N. As described above, the band division filter bank circuit 210 as the wavelet transformer 115 is configured.

  Each of the FIR filters 202 and 211 constituting the FIR filter group 203 of the wavelet inverse transformer 103 and the FIR filter group 212 of the wavelet transformer 115 is an input signal to the wavelet transformer 115 and an output signal of the wavelet transformer 115. Are configured to match except for delay. For example, (Table 1) and (Table 2) are listed as filter coefficients that satisfy this condition.

  The filter coefficients shown in Table 1 and Table 2 are examples of filter bank circuits that divide the band into four. Here, h represents a general FIR filter. The FIR filter has seven delay elements connected in cascade to delay input data, eight multipliers that multiply the output data of the delay elements and the input data by a coefficient, and the output data of the multiplier. It consists of seven adders that add up sequentially from the side to obtain the accumulated value. tap represents the multiplier, and α represents a coefficient of the multiplier. In addition, M of αMN indicates a filter number, and N indicates a tap number.

  Next, a filter bank circuit composed of polyphase filters will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 13, 301 is a polyphase filter, 302 is an upsampler that multiplies the sampling rate of the signal by N, 303 is a two-input adder, and 304 is a delay element (register) that delays by one sampling. As described above, the band synthesis filter bank circuit 300 as the wavelet inverse transformer 103 is configured.

  Reference numeral 311 denotes a delay element that delays by one sampling, 312 denotes a downsampler that makes the sampling rate 1 / N, and 313 denotes a polyphase filter. As described above, the band division filter bank circuit 310 as the wavelet transformer 115 is configured.

  FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing the polyphase filters 301 and 313 in FIG. In FIG. 14, reference numeral 321 denotes a filter, and 322 denotes a two-input adder. The filters constituting the polyphase filter 301 and the polyphase filter 313 are configured such that the input signal to the band synthesis filter bank circuit 300 and the output signal of the band division filter bank circuit 310 match except for delay. ing. For example, each polyphase filter may be configured as shown in (Table 3) to (Table 10) so as to be the same as the calculation results based on the filter coefficients in (Table 1) and (Table 2).

  The difference between the filter bank circuit of FIG. 12 and the filter bank circuit of FIG. 13 is that the sampling rate is changed. In the band synthesis filter bank circuits 200 and 300, in FIG. 12, the signal is up-sampled before being input to the filter, but in FIG. 13, it is up-sampled after the filter operation. On the other hand, in the band division filter bank circuits 210 and 310, downsampling is performed after the filter operation in FIG. 12, and downsampling is performed before the filter operation in FIG. That is, the filter operation in FIG. 13 can be executed at a slower speed than in FIG.

  In this embodiment, the filter output timing control unit of the band synthesis filter bank is configured by using the upsampler 302, the two-input adder 303, and the delay element 304, but can also be configured by a multiplexer.

  Therefore, with this configuration, it is possible to execute the calculation at the time of overlapping orthogonal transformation at the time of modulation and demodulation at a low rate. That is, since the operation clock frequency can be lowered, the power consumption of the circuit can be reduced. In addition, from the viewpoint of reducing the amount of calculation per unit time, this makes it possible to use an arithmetic unit and reduce the circuit scale.

(Embodiment 7)
15A is a block diagram showing a band synthesis filter bank circuit as the wavelet inverse transformer 103 of the power line carrier communication apparatus 100 of FIGS. 3, 6, and 7, and FIG. 15B is a block diagram of FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a band-division filter bank circuit as the wavelet transformer 115 of the power line carrier communication apparatus 100 of FIG. 7, and a lattice structure ELT filter bank circuit is shown as the filter bank circuit. That is, in the present embodiment, a case will be described in which the wavelet inverse transformer 103 and the wavelet transformer 115 are configured by a lattice bank filter bank circuit.

  In FIG. 15, 401 is a type IV discrete cosine transform (DCT) unit, 402 is a delay element that delays by one sampling, 403 is a plane rotation calculator, 404 is a delay element that delays by two samplings, and 405 is An upsampler that multiplies the sampling rate of the signal by N, 406 is a two-input adder, and 407 is a delay element that delays by one sampling. As described above, the band synthesis filter bank circuit 400 is configured. On the other hand, 411 is a delay element that delays by one sampling, 412 is a downsampler that makes the sampling rate 1 / N, 413 is a delay element that delays by two samplings, 414 is a plane rotation calculator, and 415 is delayed by one sampling The delay element 416 is a type IV discrete cosine transformer. As described above, the band division filter bank circuit 410 is configured. The plane rotation calculators 403 and 414 are configured by combining a plurality of plane rotation calculation circuits shown in FIG. FIG. 16 is a functional block diagram showing a plane rotation arithmetic circuit.

  With this configuration, similarly to the case of the polyphase filter described in the sixth embodiment, it is possible to reduce the calculation rate at the time of the orthogonal orthogonal transform at the time of modulation and demodulation. Furthermore, since the amount of calculation can be reduced by using a high-speed DCT together, the power consumption and circuit scale of the circuit can be reduced.

(Embodiment 8)
In the eighth embodiment of the present invention, the wavelet inverse transformer 103 of the power line carrier communication apparatus 100 of FIGS. 3, 6, and 7 and the wavelet transformer 115 of the power line carrier communication apparatus 100 of FIGS. 3, 6, and 7 are used. A method for preparing a plurality of filter coefficients corresponding to the overlap coefficient and changing the filter coefficient will be described.

  First, a plurality of patterns of filter coefficients having different filter lengths corresponding to overlapping coefficients are prepared for the wavelet inverse transformer 103 of the transmission unit 101 and the wavelet transformer 115 of the reception unit 111. Then, the control unit 122 of the transmission unit 101 and the reception unit 111 designates the filter pattern number to the wavelet inverse transformer 103 and the wavelet transformer 115, so that the filter in the filter bank circuit matches the pattern number. Change the coefficient. At this time, the pattern number of the filter needs to be matched between the transmission side and the reception side using a control signal or the like. In addition, as a reference for changing the filter coefficient, a power line communication signal transmitted from the transmission unit 101, a transmission path variation, a reception level, and the like can be considered. For example, when S / N (signal power to noise power ratio) is used, if the S / N is large at the time of reception, the out-of-band noise is small when viewed from each subcarrier. When the S / N is small, a filter coefficient having a large filter length is used to make it less susceptible to noise from other bands.

  With this control, it is possible to reduce the amount of computation when the noise state of the transmission path is good, and it is possible to reduce power consumption during reception. In addition, even when the noise state is poor, stable reception can be performed.

(Embodiment 9)
In the ninth embodiment of the present invention, when the wavelet inverse transformer 103 and the wavelet transformer 115 of FIGS. 3, 6, and 7 are configured in a lattice structure, a plurality of plane rotation angle parameters corresponding to the overlap coefficient are used. A method of preparing and changing the plane rotation angle parameter will be described.

  First, the wavelet inverse transformer 103 of the transmitter 101 and the wavelet transformer 115 of the receiver 111 are configured in a lattice structure as in the seventh embodiment. A plurality of patterns of plane rotation angle parameters corresponding to the overlap coefficient are prepared for the wavelet inverse transformer 103 of the transmission unit 101 and the wavelet transformer 115 of the reception unit 111. Then, by specifying the pattern number of the plane rotation angle parameter to the wavelet inverse transformer 103 and the wavelet transformer 115 from the respective control units 122 of the transmission unit 101 and the reception unit 111, the filter bank is matched to the pattern number. The plane rotation angle parameter in the circuit is changed. At this time, the pattern number of the plane rotation angle parameter needs to be matched between the transmitter and the receiver using a control signal or the like. In addition, as a reference for changing the plane rotation angle parameter, a power line communication signal transmitted from the transmission unit 101, a transmission path variation, a reception level, and the like can be considered. For example, when S / N is used, when S / N is large at the time of reception, since the noise outside the band is small when viewed from each subcarrier, the demodulation operation is performed with the plane rotation angle parameter having a small overlap coefficient. When N is small, a plane rotation angle parameter having a large overlap coefficient is used to make it less susceptible to noise from other bands.

  With this control, it is possible to reduce the amount of calculation when the noise environment of the transmission path is good, and it is possible to reduce power consumption during reception. In addition, even when the noise state is poor, stable reception can be performed. Furthermore, the storage capacity can be reduced compared to the case where a plurality of filter coefficient patterns are prepared as in the eighth embodiment.

(Embodiment 10)
FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a control method of the power line carrier communication apparatus according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention (that is, the operation of the control unit 122 in FIG. 3, FIG. 6 or FIG. 7). Then, the case where only a specific subcarrier is output is demonstrated. For simplicity of explanation, the number of subcarriers is four.

  In FIG. 17, reference numeral 102 denotes a signal point map, 103 denotes a wavelet inverse transformer, and 122 denotes a control unit.

  First, in the signal point mapper 102, the signal point map in the order of “+1”, “+3”, “−3”, “−1”, “+1”, “+3”, “−3”, “−1”. Suppose that the processed data is output. At this time, the control unit 122 designates a subcarrier number that is not used for the signal point mapper 102, so that data is not input to the subcarrier portion of the designated number. That is, zero is inserted. For example, when the first and fourth subcarriers are not output, zero is inserted in the input portion of the filter that outputs the first and fourth subcarriers, and the mapped signal point data is 2 Put in the input part of the 3rd and 3rd subcarriers. Then, the wavelet inverse transformer 103 performs wavelet inverse transformation based on each input data.

  By controlling in this way, it is possible to easily select a subcarrier to be output, and it is possible to output a signal only at a specific frequency. That is, even if the frequency band that can be used varies from country to country due to country-specific laws and regulations, it is possible to easily cope with the problem.

  Further, the effectiveness of the power line carrier communication apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described in an easy-to-understand manner with reference to FIG. 18, FIG. 19, and FIG. 18 is a graph showing an example of a frequency spectrum approved for power line carrier communication, FIG. 19 is a graph showing a transmission frequency spectrum when OFDM transmission is used, and FIG. 20 shows a transmission frequency spectrum of the power line carrier communication apparatus. It is a graph.

  For example, assume that frequency allocation according to the laws and regulations of a certain country is as shown in FIG. A transmission signal by a conventional power line carrier communication apparatus using OFDM is as shown in FIG. 19, and a separate band rejection filter is required to satisfy the regulation of FIG. In other words, it is necessary to prepare filter coefficients for different band rejection filters for each country. On the other hand, the power line carrier communication apparatus according to the present embodiment can obtain a transmission signal spectrum as shown in FIG. 20 only by the operation in the present embodiment, and therefore does not require a band rejection filter. From this, the power line carrier communication apparatus according to the present embodiment can flexibly cope with different laws and regulations in each country.

(Embodiment 11)
FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the control method of the power line carrier communication apparatus of FIG. 3, FIG. 6, and FIG. 7 (that is, the operation of the control unit 122 of the power line carrier communication apparatus according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention). . In the present embodiment, a method for detecting a noise level on a power line will be described.

  In FIG. 21, 115 is a wavelet transformer, 116 is a symbol determiner, and 122 is a control unit.

  Next, the noise level detection operation on the power line will be described.

  First, the wavelet transformer 115 demodulates signal point data for each subcarrier in order to detect the frequency distribution of noise on the power line 110. Next, the symbol determiner 116 measures which signal point is present near the noise component based on the signal point data for each subcarrier. At this time, if there is no noise at all, the signal point data in each subcarrier is all zero. Therefore, the amount of noise is estimated based on how much the value of this data deviates from 0. Then, the symbol determiner 116 determines a subcarrier whose noise is larger than a desired value, notifies the control unit 122 of the subcarrier number, and prevents the control unit 122 from using the subcarrier.

  In the present embodiment, the noise level detection method in a state in which no signal is superimposed on the power line has been described. However, a similar method can be realized even if a known signal is used between transmission and reception. That is, noise detection can be performed even in a communication state.

  By performing such control, the noise state on the power line can be grasped, and usable subcarriers can be selected. By selecting a subcarrier in advance so as to avoid a frequency position where a large noise component exists in the control unit 122, communication with higher reliability is possible.

(Embodiment 12)
As a control method in the power line carrier communication apparatus according to the twelfth embodiment of the present invention, a control method for changing the transmission speed to the designated speed will be described with reference to FIGS.

  First, control section 122 calculates the number of signal points and the number of subcarriers necessary for realizing a transmission rate designated from the outside, and the calculation result and the determination result of usable subcarriers according to the eleventh embodiment. Based on the subcarrier selection. Next, the control unit 122 designates the subcarrier number to be used and the number of signal points to the signal point mapper 102. The signal point mapper 102 associates signal point mapping and data arrangement processing to subcarriers according to the set value.

  For example, it is assumed that a necessary transmission rate is designated from the outside, and the result calculated to match the transmission rate designated by the control unit 122 is 2 carriers and 4 signal points. Furthermore, it is assumed that the number of usable subcarriers is three other than the second subcarrier in the determination according to the eleventh embodiment. At this time, the control unit 122 can select, for example, the first and third subcarriers. Also, other unused subcarriers (fourth carrier in this example) can be used for another communication.

  By controlling in this way, the transmission rate can be easily changed to a designated rate, and subcarriers other than realizing the designated transmission rate can be used for another communication. It is possible to improve the use efficiency of the.

(Embodiment 13)
FIG. 22 is a flowchart showing the operation of the control unit 122 of the power line carrier communication apparatus according to Embodiment 13 of the present invention. In the present embodiment, when an error occurs in received data during normal communication, the power line carrier communication device 1 (for example, the own device) and the power line carrier communication device are shifted while shifting the frequency position for transmission and avoiding the influence of noise. A method for matching communication procedures between two (for example, counterpart devices) will be described. The power line carrier communication device 1 and the power line carrier communication device 2 are configured as shown in FIG.

  In FIG. 22, in the first state (S11, S21), communication between the power line carrier communication device 1 and the power line carrier communication device 2 is performed using the carrier pattern 1. Then, in the power line carrier communication apparatus 1, when the number of errors exceeds a certain threshold (S12), a subcarrier exceeding the certain threshold is detected (S13), and the subcarrier to be changed is detected. A carrier number or position is temporarily set (S14). The carrier pattern changed at this time is referred to as carrier pattern 2. Thereafter, the contents of the set carrier pattern 2 are transmitted to the power line carrier communication apparatus 2 using the carrier pattern 1 used for the current communication (S15). Thereafter, the power line carrier communication apparatus 1 changes its own carrier pattern to the carrier pattern 2. The carrier pattern consists of one subcarrier or a set of subcarriers.

  The power line carrier communication apparatus 2 that has received the contents of the carrier pattern 2 in the carrier pattern 1 determines whether or not the carrier pattern is changed (S22). If not changed, the process returns to the normal process (S21). For example, the frequency position to which overlap orthogonal transformation is applied by the receiving unit 111 is changed to the carrier pattern 2 (S23), and the change of the carrier pattern is further modulated by the carrier pattern 2 and returned to the power line carrier communication apparatus 1 (S24).

  The power line carrier communication apparatus 1 determines that the content of the completion notification has been sent correctly (S16). Therefore, when the change completion notification is correctly received, the process proceeds to the normal processing (S11). However, when the change completion notification is not received, the S / N threshold is changed (S17), and the carrier pattern is again obtained. The process proceeds to the selection process (S13). Then, the carrier pattern change sequence is performed again. This series of sequences is repeated until the number of errors is reduced.

  Here, the sequence can be used not only for normal communication but also for initial installation settings.

  In the present embodiment, the number of reception errors is reduced by changing the subcarrier to be used. However, the number of errors can be reduced by changing the signal point arrangement of the signal point mapper. . For example, as shown in FIG. 23, the quaternary signal point arrangement may be changed to two arrangement methods, and communication consistency can be realized by means similar to the sequence in the present embodiment. Here, FIGS. 23A and 23B are explanatory diagrams showing changes in the number of signal points of the signal point mapper 102 of the power line carrier communication apparatus.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the number of reception errors can be reduced because subcarriers having a low error rate are preferentially used for communication.

(Embodiment 14)
FIG. 24 is a flowchart showing the operation of the power line carrier communication apparatus according to the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention. Based on the reception result of the power line carrier communication apparatus 2 (for example, the counterpart apparatus), the power line carrier communication apparatus 1 (for example, the own apparatus). The operation | movement which changes the transmission output level of is shown. In addition, the structure of the power line carrier communication apparatus 1 and the power line carrier communication apparatus 2 is a structure of FIG.

  In FIG. 24, in the initial state (S31), the power line carrier communication apparatus 1 transmits at a certain output level. The power line carrier communication device 2 receives the signal from the power line carrier communication device 1 (S41), and measures the S / N for each subcarrier (S42). Next, the power line carrier communication device 1 is requested to change the output level based on the average S / N value (S43).

  The power line carrier communication apparatus 1 that has received the S / N value and the change request determines whether or not there is a change request (S32), calculates backward from the S / N value (S33), and determines the output level (S34). Then, it transmits again to the power line carrier communication device 2 at that level.

  With this operation, when the noise level on the power line is low and no communication error occurs, the power required for transmission can be reduced by reducing the output level.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, when the noise level on the power line is low and no communication error occurs, the output level can be lowered, so that the power required for transmission can be reduced.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be suitably used for a modulator, a demodulator that performs power line carrier communication, and an electric device that incorporates them.

(A) Graph for explaining the concept of a time waveform of a wavelet, (b) Graph for explaining the concept of a frequency spectrum of a wavelet (A) Explanatory diagram showing the data flow in orthogonal transformation, (b) Explanatory diagram showing the data flow in overlapping orthogonal transformation 1 is a block diagram showing a power line carrier communication apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Explanatory drawing for demonstrating operation | movement of the transmission part of a power line carrier communication apparatus. Explanatory drawing for demonstrating operation | movement of the receiving part of a power line carrier communication apparatus. Block diagram showing a power line carrier communication apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention Block diagram showing a power line carrier communication apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention Explanatory drawing for demonstrating operation | movement of the transmission part of a power line carrier communication apparatus. Explanatory drawing for demonstrating operation | movement of the receiving part of a power line carrier communication apparatus. (A) a graph showing an example of an impulse response of each filter of a filter bank circuit that realizes a GLT with four-part perfect reconstruction; (b) a graph of each filter of the filter bank circuit that realizes a GLT with four-part perfect reconstruction; Graph showing an example of frequency response (A) A graph showing an example of an impulse response of each filter of a filter bank circuit realizing a 4-division ELT, (b) a graph showing an example of a frequency response of each filter of a filter bank circuit realizing a 4-division ELT (A) Block diagram showing a band synthesis filter bank circuit constituted by a general FIR filter, (b) Block diagram showing a band division filter bank circuit constituted by a general FIR filter (A) Block diagram showing a band synthesis filter bank circuit configured with a polyphase filter, (b) Block diagram showing a band division filter bank circuit configured with a polyphase filter Block diagram showing the polyphase filter of FIG. (A) Block diagram showing a band synthesis filter bank circuit as wavelet inverse transform of the power line carrier communication device of FIGS. 3, 6, and 7. (b) Wavelet of the power line carrier communication device of FIG. 3, FIG. 6, FIG. Block diagram showing band-division filter bank circuit as transform Functional block diagram showing a plane rotation arithmetic circuit Explanatory drawing for demonstrating the control method of the power line carrier communication apparatus by Embodiment 10 of this invention. Graph showing examples of frequency spectrums approved for power line carrier communications Graph showing the transmission frequency spectrum when using OFDM transmission Graph showing transmission frequency spectrum of power line carrier communication device Explanatory drawing for demonstrating the control method of the power line carrier communication apparatus of FIG.3, FIG.6, FIG.7. The flowchart which shows operation | movement of the control part of the power line carrier communication apparatus by Embodiment 13 of this invention. (A) Explanatory diagram showing changes in the signal point map of the signal point mapr of the power line carrier communication device, (b) Explanatory diagram showing changes in the signal point map of the signal point mapr of the power line carrier communication device The flowchart which shows operation | movement of the power line carrier communication apparatus by Embodiment 14 of this invention. The block diagram which shows the power line carrier communication apparatus described in (patent document 1) Graph showing guard interval mechanism Graph showing filter bank characteristics of OFDM

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Power line carrier communication apparatus 101 Transmission part 102 Signal point mapper 103 Wavelet inverse converter 104 D / A converter 105 Transmission amplifier 106,112 Band pass filter 107 SSB modulator 108 Orthogonal modulator 110 Power line 111 Reception part 113 Amplification degree Controller 114 A / D converter 115 Wavelet converter 116 Symbol determiner 117 SSB demodulator 118 Quadrature demodulator 121 Power line coupling circuit 122 Control unit 200, 300, 400 Band synthesis filter bank circuit 201, 302, 405 Upsampler 202 FIR Filter 203 FIR filter group 204, 303, 322, 406 2-input adder 210, 310, 410 Band division filter bank circuit 211 FIR filter 212 FIR filter group 213, 312, 4 2 downsampler 301,313 polyphase filter 304,311,402,407,411,415 delay elements (one sampling period)
321 Filter 401, 416 Discrete cosine transformer 403, 414 Plane rotation calculator 404, 413 Delay element (2 sampling times)

Claims (29)

A power line carrier communication device that performs transmission using subcarriers ,
A signal point mapping unit that generates a bit string from transmission data and maps the bit string to a signal point on a complex region of the subcarrier;
An arrangement control unit that changes the arrangement of the signal points on the complex region to map the bit string, based on an error related to data received from another power line communication device;
Wavelet inverse transform of the signal points mapped by the arrangement control unit, and a wavelet inverse transform unit for generating a signal;
An output unit that outputs the signal to a power line . A power line carrier communication device for receiving a signal carried via a power line,
An extraction unit for extracting the signal from the power line;
A wavelet transform unit that wavelet transforms the signal into signal points on a complex domain;
A signal point inverse mapping unit that inversely maps signal points on the complex region to the bit string;
A power line carrier communication device, comprising: an arrangement control unit that changes an arrangement of the signal points on the complex region of the bit points to be reverse-mapped based on an error relating to the signal. The power line carrier communication device according to claim 1,
The power line carrier communication device further comprising a notification unit that notifies the other power line carrier communication device of the arrangement of the signal points on the complex region changed by the arrangement control unit. A power line carrier communication device according to claim 2,
The power line carrier communication device further comprises a detection unit that detects an arrangement of the signal points on the complex region where the bit string is to be reverse-mapped. The power line carrier communication device according to claim 1 or 2,
The arrangement control unit changes the arrangement of the signal points on a complex region when an error related to the signal exceeds a predetermined value. A power line carrier communication device that performs transmission using subcarriers ,
A signal point mapping unit that generates a bit string from transmission data and maps the bit string to a signal point on a complex region of the subcarrier;
Wavelet inverse transformation of the signal points mapped by the signal point mapping unit to generate a signal ; and
A subcarrier changing unit that changes the subcarrier used for the power line carrier communication device to another subcarrier based on an error regarding data received from another power line carrier communication device;
An output unit that outputs the signal to a power line . A power line carrier communication device for receiving a signal carried using a subcarrier ,
An extraction unit for extracting the signal from the power line;
A wavelet transform unit that wavelet transforms the signal into signal points on a complex domain;
A signal point inverse mapping unit that inversely maps signal points on the complex region to bit strings;
A power line carrier communication apparatus comprising: a subcarrier changing unit that changes the subcarrier used for power line carrier communication to another subcarrier based on an error related to the signal. The power line carrier communication device according to claim 6,
The power line carrier communication apparatus further comprises a notification unit for notifying the other power carrier communication apparatus of the other subcarriers used in the power line carrier communication apparatus. A power line carrier communication device according to claim 7,
The power line carrier communication apparatus further comprises a detection unit for detecting the other subcarrier used in the power line carrier communication apparatus. The power line carrier communication device according to claim 6 or 7,
The said subcarrier change part changes the said subcarrier used for power line carrier communication to another subcarrier, when the error regarding the said signal exceeds predetermined value, The power line carrier communication apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned. A power line carrier communication device that performs transmission using subcarriers ,
A signal point mapping unit that generates a bit string from transmission data and maps the bit string to a signal point on a complex region of the subcarrier;
Wavelet inverse transformation of the signal points mapped by the signal point mapping unit, and a wavelet inverse transformation unit for outputting a signal having a predetermined frequency band;
A frequency changing unit for changing the predetermined frequency band;
An output unit that outputs the signal to a power line . A power line carrier communication device for receiving a signal having a predetermined frequency band ,
An extraction unit for extracting the signal from the power line;
A frequency changing unit for changing the predetermined frequency band;
A wavelet transform unit for wavelet transforming a signal whose frequency band has been changed by the frequency change unit to a signal point on a complex region;
A power line carrier communication device comprising: a signal point inverse mapping unit that inversely maps a signal point on the complex region to a bit string. A power line carrier communication device according to claim 11,
The power line carrier communication apparatus, wherein the frequency changing unit is an SSB modulator. A power line carrier communication device according to claim 11,
The power line carrier communication apparatus, wherein the frequency changing unit is a quadrature modulator. The power line carrier communication device according to claim 12,
The power line carrier communication apparatus, wherein the frequency changing unit is an SSB demodulator. The power line carrier communication device according to claim 15,
The power line carrier communication apparatus, wherein the SSB demodulator changes the frequency band to a baseband band. The power line carrier communication device according to claim 12,
The power line carrier communication apparatus, wherein the frequency changing unit is an orthogonal demodulator. The power line carrier communication device according to claim 17,
The quadrature demodulator changes the frequency band to a baseband band. A power line carrier communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 18,
The power line carrier communication apparatus, wherein the wavelet inverse transform unit and the wavelet transform unit have a complete orthogonal reconstruction function or a pseudo complete reconstruction overlap orthogonal transform function or a generalized overlap orthogonal transform function. A power line carrier communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 18,
The wavelet inverse transform unit and the wavelet transform unit each have a modulation overlap conversion function or an extended modulation overlap conversion function. A power line carrier communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 20,
The power line carrier communication apparatus, wherein the wavelet inverse transform unit and the wavelet transform unit are configured by a polyphase filter bank circuit. A power line carrier communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 20,
The wavelet inverse transform unit and the wavelet transform unit are configured by a lattice bank filter bank circuit. A power line carrier communication device according to any one of claims 1, 6 or 11,
The power line carrier communication apparatus further comprises an output control unit that changes the output of the subcarrier based on the signal power versus noise power of the subcarrier. A circuit used in a power line carrier communication device that performs transmission using subcarriers,
A signal point mapping unit that generates a bit string from transmission data and maps the bit string to a signal point on a complex region of the subcarrier;
An arrangement control unit that changes the arrangement of the signal points on the complex region to map the bit string, based on an error related to data received from another power line communication device;
And a wavelet inverse transform unit that performs wavelet inverse transform on the signal points mapped by the arrangement control unit and generates a signal. A circuit used in a power line carrier communication device that extracts and receives a signal carried through a power line using an extraction unit,
A wavelet transform unit that wavelet transforms the signal into signal points on a complex domain;
A signal point inverse mapping unit that inversely maps signal points on the complex region to the bit string;
And a placement control unit that changes the placement of the signal points on the complex region in the complex region based on an error related to the signal. A circuit used in a power line carrier communication device that performs transmission using subcarriers,
A signal point mapping unit that generates a bit string from transmission data and maps the bit string to a signal point on a complex region of the subcarrier;
Wavelet inverse transformation of the signal points mapped by the signal point mapping unit to generate a signal; and
A circuit comprising: a subcarrier changing unit that changes the subcarrier used in the power line carrier communication device to another subcarrier based on an error related to data received from another power line carrier communication device. A circuit used in a power line carrier communication device that extracts and receives a signal carried on a power line using a subcarrier using an extraction unit,
A wavelet transform unit that wavelet transforms the signal into signal points on a complex domain;
A signal point inverse mapping unit that inversely maps signal points on the complex region to bit strings;
And a subcarrier changing unit that changes the subcarrier used for power line carrier communication to another subcarrier based on an error related to the signal. A circuit used in a power line carrier communication device that performs transmission using subcarriers,
A signal point mapping unit that generates a bit string from transmission data and maps the bit string to a signal point on a complex region of the subcarrier;
Wavelet inverse transformation of the signal points mapped by the signal point mapping unit, and a wavelet inverse transformation unit for outputting a signal having a predetermined frequency band;
And a frequency changing unit that changes the predetermined frequency band. A circuit used in a power line carrier communication device that extracts and receives a signal having a predetermined frequency band carried on a power line using an extraction unit,
A frequency changing unit for changing the predetermined frequency band;
A wavelet transform unit for wavelet transforming a signal whose frequency band has been changed by the frequency change unit to a signal point on a complex region;
And a signal point inverse mapping unit that inversely maps signal points on the complex region to bit strings.

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