JP4545869B2 - Method for measuring physiologically active sample substance using porous filter - Google Patents

Method for measuring physiologically active sample substance using porous filter Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4545869B2
JP4545869B2 JP2000045380A JP2000045380A JP4545869B2 JP 4545869 B2 JP4545869 B2 JP 4545869B2 JP 2000045380 A JP2000045380 A JP 2000045380A JP 2000045380 A JP2000045380 A JP 2000045380A JP 4545869 B2 JP4545869 B2 JP 4545869B2
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solution
ligand
substance
antibody
physiologically active
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JP2000045380A
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JP2001235471A (en
JP2001235471A5 (en
Inventor
淳郷 丹生
義徳 鈴木
敏男 田島
恒男 羽生
勝 種部
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Nippon Chemiphar Co Ltd
Toyobo Co Ltd
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Nippon Chemiphar Co Ltd
Toyobo Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2000045380A priority Critical patent/JP4545869B2/en
Priority to PCT/JP2001/001196 priority patent/WO2001063283A1/en
Priority to AU2001232350A priority patent/AU2001232350A1/en
Priority to KR1020027010881A priority patent/KR20020086558A/en
Priority to TW090118884A priority patent/TWI275796B/en
Publication of JP2001235471A publication Critical patent/JP2001235471A/en
Publication of JP2001235471A5 publication Critical patent/JP2001235471A5/ja
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/53Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
    • G01N33/536Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with immune complex formed in liquid phase
    • G01N33/537Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with immune complex formed in liquid phase with separation of immune complex from unbound antigen or antibody
    • G01N33/538Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with immune complex formed in liquid phase with separation of immune complex from unbound antigen or antibody by sorbent column, particles or resin strip, i.e. sorbent materials
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/53Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
    • G01N33/543Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/53Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
    • G01N33/543Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
    • G01N33/54306Solid-phase reaction mechanisms

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、固相担体として多孔性フィルタを用い、免疫学的測定法に基づく生理活性を有する試料物質の量の測定方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
固相免疫測定法においては、測定対象とする抗原あるいは抗体に応じて、あらかじめ該当する抗原に対応する固定化抗体固相あるいは該当する抗体に対する固定化抗原固相を調製し、測定の都度、対象とする物質に対応した当該固相を選択する方法が従来では一般的であった。このような方法では、測定対象物質ごとに必要とされる固相の種類は無数となるため、固相の調製が煩雑を極め、かつ、測定操作も機械的あるいは用手法に関わらず、測定対象物質に応じて適当な固相ごとに選択しなければならないという煩雑さが重なっていた。
【0003】
上記の問題を解決しようとする試みはすでになされている。例えば、一種類のリガンド捕捉剤固定化固相を用い、測定対象物質に応じたリガンド標識生理活性物質を選択して、リガンド捕捉剤固定化固相上で測定時に必要とするリガンド標識生理活性物質、即ち、リガンド標識抗原あるいは抗体を固相に捕捉することに基づく方法が知られている。また、必要な固相を調製するか、あるいは、試料中の測定対象の抗原あるいは測定対象抗体とリガンド標識抗体もしくはリガンド標識抗原をリガンド捕捉剤固定化固相上に添加し、捕捉することにより、免疫的に測定される任意の測定対象物質の測定を可能にする方法も知られている。これらの方法は、たとえば、特公平4−49657号公報及び特開平2−145967号公報に記載されている。
【0004】
しかしながら、公知の方法では、極めて短い時間で、1mL当たりナノグラム量のレベルでの測定感度を得ることはできなかった。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明が解決しようとする課題は、汎用性の高い測定具を用いて、従来の免疫学的測定法に要する時間よりも極めて短い時間にて、1mL当たりナノグラム量のレベルでの測定感度を得ることのできる免疫学的測定法に基づく生理活性を持つ試料物質の測定方法を提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、生理活性を有する測定試料物質を含む試料溶液と、該測定試料物質に特異的に結合する第一の生理活性物質にビオチンであるリガンドが結合された結合体を含む溶液とを、それらの溶液の容量比が1:1乃至20:1(好ましくは、2:1以上であり、また10:1以下である)となるように接触させて、リガンドに結合した生理活性物質と測定試料物質との複合体を溶液中にて形成する工程;該複合体を含む溶液を、上記リガンドの補捉剤である抗ビオチン抗体もしくはストレプトアビジンが、それぞれに対応して抗ビオチン抗体に対する抗体もしくは抗ストレプトアビジン抗体であるスペーサを介して結合された、透過した溶液を吸収することができる吸収体を下部に備えた多孔性のグラスフィルタの表面に滴下し、透過させて、該複合体のリガンド部分を、該リガンド補捉剤に結合させる工程;該多孔性フィルタの表面に、上記測定試料物質に特異的に結合する、酵素で標識された第二の生理活性物質の溶液を滴下し、透過させて、この酵素標識を持つ第二の生理活性物質を、リガンド補捉剤とリガンド部分とを介して多孔性フィルタに結合している第一の生理活性物質と測定試料物質との複合体に結合させる工程;多孔性フィルタを洗浄することにより未結合の酵素標識第二生理活性物質を除去する工程;そして多孔性フィルタに結合した酵素の活性を測定する工程からなることを特徴とする、多孔性フィルタを用いる生理活性を有する試料物質の測定方法にある。
【0008】
本発明の試料物質の測定方法の好ましい態様を次に記す。
(1)リガンドとしてビオチンを用いること。
(2)リガンド補捉剤として抗ビオチン抗体を用いること。
(3)リガンド補捉剤が抗ビオチン抗体で、スペーサが抗ビオチン抗体に対する抗体であること。
(4)第一の生理活性物質にリガンドが結合された結合体としてビオチン化アレルゲンを用いること。
【0009】
(5)リガンド補捉剤がスペーサを介して結合している繊維質多孔性フィルタを用いること。
(6)リガンド捕捉剤がストレプトアビジンであること。
(7)リガンド捕捉剤がストレプトアビジンで、スペーサが抗ストレプトアビジン抗体であること。
(8)リガンド捕捉剤がストレプトアビジンで、スペーサが抗ストレプトアビジン抗体に対する抗体に抗ストレプトアビジン抗体を重層したものであること。
(9)繊維質多孔性フィルタの下部に吸収体が備えられていること。
【0010】
(10)繊維質多孔性フィルタを固相担体とし、リガンドを捕捉するリガンド捕捉剤をこの固相担体上に担持し、測定試料物質に特異的に結合する第一の生理活性物質にリガンドが結合された物質と、測定試料物質を含む試料とを液中で混合攪拌し反応させたのち、その反応液の一定量を、リガンド捕捉剤が結合している固相担体上に直接滴下し、その後、該滴下部分に、測定試料物質に特異的に結合する、酵素で標識された第二の生理活性物質を含む溶液を滴下して反応させ、その反応液がフィルタの縦方向に浸透後、洗浄液を滴下して、次いで、繊維質多孔性フィルタ上の酵素活性の量を測定することによって、測定試料物質の量を測定する繊維質多孔性フィルタ免疫測定方法において、測定試料物質を含む試料と測定試料物質に特異的に結合する生理活性物質にリガンドが結合された物質との液中での比率が20:1〜1:1までの範囲、好ましくは10:1〜2:1、さらに好ましくは10:1〜4:1の範囲で測定すること。
【0011】
(11)測定試料物質に特異的に結合する第一の生理活性物質にリガンドが結合された物質と測定試料物質を含む試料との溶液中での結合反応の後、該反応液を適当な希釈液で希釈した後、その一定量をとり、固相担体上に滴下すること。
(12)酵素反応後の信号量の測定方法として、積分球を使用して反射率を測定すること。
【0012】
(13)上記信号量の測定に際して、信号強度の初速度を測定すること。
(14)固相担体上に結合した酵素活性の信号強度の初速度を測定し終わるまでの時間が、リガンド捕捉剤が結合している繊維質多孔性フィルタ上に直接、溶液を滴下後、15分以内、好ましくは8分以内に反応を終了させること。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の多孔性フィルタを用いる生理活性試料物質の量や生理活性の測定法において、多孔性フィルタとしてはグラスファイバーフィルタを用いることが好ましい。リガンドとしては、ビオチンを用いることが好ましく、また多孔性フィルタに結合させるリガンド補捉剤としては、抗ビオチン抗体もしくはストレプトアビジンを用いることが好ましい。
【0014】
リガンド補捉剤は、多孔性フィルタにスペーサを介して結合されている。たとえば、リガンドとしてビオチンを用いるときは、スペーサとしてリガンド捕捉剤に対する抗体、すなわち抗ビオチン抗体に対する抗体に抗ビオチン抗体を重層することが好ましい。また、スペーサとして抗ストレプトアビジン抗体を用いるか、あるいは抗ストレプトアビジンに対する抗体に抗ストレプトアビジンを重層するかして用いることもできる。
【0015】
次に、本発明の多孔性フィルタを用いる生理活性試料物質の測定方法を、抗体(アレルゲン特異的IgE抗体)を測定対象の生理活性物質とし、第一の生理活性物質として抗原(アレルゲン)を用い、酵素標識された第二の生理活性物質として、酵素標識された第二抗体(抗ヒトIgE抗体)を用いる場合において、そして上記の好ましい多孔性フィルタ、リガンド、リガンド補捉剤を利用する系を例にとって、さらに詳しく説明する。
【0016】
本発明の測定方法では、多孔性フィルタを固相担体として用いて、測定物質に特異的に結合する生理活性物質にリガンドが結合された結合体、例えば、リガンド標識抗原、あるいはリガンド標識抗体を含む溶液と測定試料物質を含む試料溶液とを、予め液中で反応させ、その後、この反応液をリガンド捕捉剤が結合している多孔性フィルタ固相上に直接滴下し、滴下した反応液がフィルタの縦方向に浸透した後、測定試料物質に特異的に結合する第二の生理活性物質であって、酵素で標識されたもの、たとえば、酵素標識抗体あるいは酵素標識抗原を滴下して反応させ、次いで洗浄液を滴下して未反応物を除去した後、繊維質多孔性フィルタ上の酵素活性の量を測定することにより、測定物質の量を測定することができるが、本発明の測定法においては、測定試料物質を含む試料溶液と、測定試料物質に特異的に結合する第一の生理活性物質にリガンドが結合された結合体とを、容量比で20:1〜1:1までの範囲、好ましくは10:1〜2:1の範囲とすることにより、たとえば、15分以下の短時間で、ng/mLレベルの微量の測定が可能になった。
【0017】
多孔性フィルタ(固相担体)の下部には、溶液の通過を迅速ならしめるための吸収体を設置することも好ましい。具体的には、固相担体として、例えば特開平4−318462号公報あるいは特開平7−218438号公報に記載されているごとく、通液性に優れ、蛋白質や糖蛋白質を物理的あるいは化学的に固定化する能力に優れ、適度な物理的強度を有するグラスファイバーを用い、その下部に固相担体を通過した溶液を吸収するためのセルロースから成る吸収層とを組み合わせた免疫学的測定用の反応容器(すなわち、ブロット装置)を用いることが好ましい。
【0018】
スペーサあるいはリガンド捕捉剤の固相担体への固定化方法は、物理的固定化法としては、当該固相担体の上部から、順次、湿潤用緩衝液、ビオチンを特異的に認識する蛋白質溶液(リガンド捕捉剤溶液)、測定目的物質以外の夾雑物質の非特的吸着を防止するためのブロッキング溶液及び安定化剤を含む緩衝液を添加し、凍結乾燥してリガンド捕捉剤固定化固相担体を調製する方法を利用することができる。また、化学的固定化法としては、グラスファイバー担体を、例えば、石川らの方法(酵素免疫測定法:医学書院、p94,1978)に従って、アミノアルキルシラン−グルタールアルデヒドで処理した後、吸収層と組み合わせてブロット装置を作成し、前記の物理的固定化法と同様の溶液を、同様の順序で添加、凍結乾燥して、リガンド捕捉剤固定化固相を作製することができる。
【0019】
本発明の測定方法において、リガンド捕捉剤として、抗ビオチン抗体もしくはストレプトアビジンを用いることができるが、直接これらの蛋白質をグラスファイバー固相担体に固定化するよりも、以下に述べるスペーサーを介して固定化したとき、より高感度が得られる。即ち、望ましくは、固相担体に抗ビオチン抗体に対する抗体を介して抗ビオチン抗体を固定化し、若しくは、固相担体に抗ストレプトアビジン抗体を介してストレプトアビジンを固定化、あるいは、抗ストレプトアビジン抗体に対する抗体に抗ストレプトアビジン抗体を重層した固相にストレプトアビジンを固定化して作製した固相は、本発明の測定法の有利さをさらに増すことができる。
【0020】
本発明の測定方法では、免疫学的測定法において多種類の測定対象物質を迅速、高感度、特異的、高精度で測定するために、リガンド捕捉剤固定化固相が効果的に利用できる。
【0021】
試料中の測定対象物質(測定試料物質)と免疫学的に特異的に反応するリガンド標識抗原あるいはリガンド標識抗体のリガンドとして、小分子のビオチンを用いることが好ましい。ビオチン標識抗原あるいはビオチン標識抗体は、それ自身の免疫学的活性を損なうことなく測定対象物質と速やかに反応するため、測定時間の短縮が可能となる。ビオチン標識により、抗原あるいは抗体の活性の変化が認められる場合には、ビオチン化試薬の側鎖長を変更したり、抗原あるいは抗体の末端糖鎖を酸化後ビオチン標識にする方法などを利用することができる。
【0022】
本発明の測定方法において、リガンド捕捉剤固定化固相担体及びリガンド標識体を用いて試料中の測定対象物質を測定するとき、測定対象物質の検出に必要とされる測定感度あるいは測定対象物質とリガンド標識体との反応に応じて、測定対象の生理活性物質の溶液とリガンド標識体を含む溶液との容量比を変え、リガンド標識物質の濃度を上げ、測定対象物質の濃度を維持されるような容量比、即ち、リガンド標識体溶液:測定対象物質溶液を1:20から1:1、好ましくは1:10〜1:2の範囲で反応させることにより、高感度、短時間の測定が可能になったものである。なお、感度がレンジオーバーした場合には適当な希釈液で測定試料を希釈後、リガンド標識体と混合することも可能であり、また測定試料とリガンド標識体を混合後、適当な希釈液で希釈し、その後にその一定量を検体量として使用することも可能である。
【0024】
本発明の測定方法において、測定対象となる試料物質としては、アレルゲン特異的IgE抗体、非特異的IgE、肝炎ウイルス(A、B、C、D、E型)、ウイルス性感染症(HIV、HTLV、ヘルペス、ロタ、ルベラなど)、原虫性感染症(トキソプラズマ、スピロヘータなど)、真菌性感染症(クラミジア、カンジダ、トリコモナスなど)など各種感染症マーカー、CEA、AFP、PSA、CA19−9,CA125,フェリチン、DUPANIIなどの腫瘍マーカー、CRP、ASO、RFなどの炎症マーカー、トロポニンI、トロポニンT、ミオグロビンなどの心筋梗塞マーカーなどを例示することができる。
【0025】
次に本発明の実施例と比較例とを示す。
【0026】
【実施例】
[実施例1]
(1)物理的固定化法による抗ビオチン抗体固定化多孔性固相の作製
1)抗ビオチン抗体ヤギIgG抗体固定化固相の作製
グラスフィルターと吸収層とを組み込んだブロット装置(特開平7−218438号公報の記載参照)に、そのフィルター上部から室温で10mMリン酸塩−生理食塩水緩衝液(湿潤液:pH7.4)を添加、次いで1〜1000μg/mLの抗ビオチン抗体ヤギIgG溶液(100mMクエン酸緩衝液:pH3〜4、あるいは10mMリン酸塩−生理食塩水緩衝液:pH7.4)を添加、10〜30分間放置した後、ブロックエース(大日本製薬(株)製)を含有するブロッキング剤と防腐剤とを含有する安定化剤混合液を添加した。前記ブロット装置を一昼夜凍結乾燥して、抗ビオチン抗体固定化固相を作製した。
【0027】
2)抗ヤギ抗体ウサギIgGに抗ビオチン抗体ヤギIgGを重層した固相の作製
グラスフィルターを組み込んだブロット装置に、室温でフィルター上部から湿潤液を添加、次いで1〜100μg/mLの抗ヤギ抗体ウサギIgG溶液(100mMクエン酸緩衝液:pH3〜4、あるいは10mMリン酸塩−生理食塩水緩衝液:pH7.4)を添加して、10〜30分間放置した。ついで、1〜1000μg/mLの抗ビオチン抗体ヤギIgG溶液(10mMリン酸塩−生理食塩水緩衝液:pH7.4)を添加し、さらに10〜30分間放置し、次いでブロッキング剤と安定化剤混合液を添加した。一昼夜凍結乾燥して、重層抗ビオチン抗体固定化固相を作製した。
【0028】
(2)標準IgEを使用した検出感度比較
上記の2)で作製した抗ビオチン抗体固定化固相担体を組み込んだブロット装置にブロックエースと防腐剤とを含有するブロック液を各50μL添加し、次いで、予めヒトIgE抗体標品50μLに抗ヒトIgEモノクローナル抗体をビオチン化試薬で標識した試薬5μLを加え、5分間37℃で加温混合した液50μLを滴下した。2分間37℃で加温後、ペルオキシダーゼで標識した抗ヒトIgEモノクローナル抗体を20μL滴下し、37℃2分間加温後、0.5%の非イオン界面活性剤(Tween−20)を含有する緩衝化生理食塩水から成る洗浄液80μL、2回をそれぞれが完全に吸収された後滴下し、フィルター固相担体に残った過剰の標識抗体を除去した。次に、西洋ワサビペルオキシダーゼの基質であるテトラメチルベンジジン(TMBZ)溶液をそれぞれ40μLづつ添加して37℃で反応させ、670nmのレーザー光を光源とする積分球検出器で固相担体表面の青色の色調の反射率(ΔK/S)を測定した。測定に際しては、ブロット装置に液を滴下後6分以内で酵素反応の初速度を測定し終えた。基質の添加時からa、b秒後の反射率をそれぞれ(K/S)a、(K/S)bとすると、初速度(ΔK/S)は、下記の式で表わされる。
ΔK/S = ((K/S)b−(K/S)a)×60/(b−a)
【0029】
上記の本発明の測定方法で用いる固相との比較のために、未感作のガラス繊維を打ち抜いて組み上げたブロット装置を用いて、フィルター上部から室温で10mMリン酸塩−生理食塩水緩衝液(湿潤液:pH7.4)を添加、次いで1〜100μg/mLの抗ヒトIgEモノクローナル抗体溶液(100mMクエン酸緩衝液:pH3〜4、あるいは10mMリン酸塩−生理食塩水緩衝液:pH7.4)50μLを添加、10〜30分間放置した後、ブロックエースを含有するブロッキング剤と防腐剤を含有する安定化剤混合液を添加した。前記ブロット装置を一昼夜凍結乾燥して、抗ヒトIgEモノクローナル抗体固定化固相を作製した。この固相担体を用い、測定操作に際して、希釈液と検体を1:1で混ぜ合わせ、検体として50μLを使用し、上記の本発明方法と同様な操作をしてヒトIgE標品を測定し、測定値を求めた(比較例1)。
測定結果を表1に示す。
【0030】
【表1】

Figure 0004545869
【0031】
表1の結果から、本発明に従う測定法では、比較例に比べて、30倍〜40倍測定感度が高いことが確認された。
【0032】
(3)患者血清中のアレルゲン特異的IgEの測定
前記の(1)−2)で作製した抗ビオチン抗体固定化固相を組み込んだブロット装置を5個×3名分計15個準備した。各々の上部からブロックエースを含有するブロッキング剤と防腐剤を含有するブロック液を各50μLを添加し、次いで、ビオチン化ハウスダスト2・アレルゲン液(H2)、ビオチン化コナヒョウダニ・アレルゲン液(D2)、ビオチン化カモガヤ花粉・アレルゲン液(G3)、ビオチン化ブタクサ花粉・アレルゲン液(W1)、ビオチン化アルテルナリア・アレルゲン液(M6)の各々5μLに患者血清を各50μL加え37℃で5分間加温した。
【0033】
これらを各々のブロット装置に、50μLずつ添加して37℃で2分間加温した後、それぞれのブロット装置に西洋ワサビペルオキシダーゼ標識抗ヒトIgEマウスモノクローナル抗体溶液を各々20μLずつ加えて、37℃で2分間加温した。各々のブロット装置を0.5%Tween−20を含有する緩衝化生理食塩水から成る洗浄液80μLを2回、直前に供給した溶液が完全に吸収された後供給し、フィルター固相に残った過剰の標識抗体を除去し、西洋ワサビペルオキシダーゼの基質であるテトラメチルベンジジン(TMBZ)溶液をそれぞれ40μLずつ添加して37℃で反応させ、次いで、670nmのレーザー光を光源とする積分球検出器で固相表面の青色の色調の反射率(ΔK/S)を測定した。測定に際しては、ブロット装置に液を滴下後6分以内で酵素反応の初速度を測定し終えた。その結果を表2に示す。
【0034】
比較のために、各種のアレルゲン液(1〜5μmg/mL濃度)を用いて、グラスフィルターと吸収層とを組み込んだブロット装置に、フィルター上部から室温で10mMリン酸塩−生理食塩水緩衝液(湿潤液:pH7.4)50μmを添加、次いで1〜5μg/mLのアレルゲン液100mMクエン酸緩衝液:pH3〜4、あるいは10mMリン酸塩−生理食塩水緩衝液(湿潤液:pH7.4)100μmを添加し、10〜30分間放置した後、ブロックエースを含有するブロッキング剤と防腐剤を含有する安定化剤混合液50μLを添加した。前記ブロット装置を一昼夜凍結乾燥してアレルゲン固定化固相を得た。
【0035】
上記の固相を使用し、ブロック液を添加後、患者血清を各25μLに希釈液25μLを加え混合した後、ブロット装置に50μLずつ添加して、37℃で2分間加温した後、それぞれのブロット装置に西洋ワサビペルオキシダーゼ標識抗ヒトIgE抗体マウスモノクローナル抗体溶液を各々20μLずつ加えて、37℃で2分間加温した。各々のブロット装置を0.5%Tween−20を含有する緩衝化生理食塩水から成る洗浄液80μLを2回、直前に供給した溶液が完全に吸収された後供給し、フィルター固相に残った過剰の標識抗体を除去した。次いで、西洋ワサビペルオキシダーゼの基質であるテトラメチルベンジジン(TMBZ)溶液をそれぞれ40μLずつ添加して37℃で反応させた。そののち、670nmのレーザー光を光源とする積分球検出器で固相表面の青色の色調の反射率(ΔK/S)を測定した(比較例2)。その結果を表2に示す。
【0036】
【表2】
Figure 0004545869
【0037】
上記の結果から、比較例の測定操作(比較例2)に比して本発明に従う測定操作では測定感度(即ちΔK/Sの値)が二倍以上であり、比較例に比して、低い値(患者C)でも、本発明方法では感度よく測定され、判定が容易であることが明らかである。
【0038】
[実施例2]
(1)物理的固定化法によるストレプトアビジン固定化多孔性固相の作製
1)ストレプトアビジン固定化固相の作製
グラスフィルターを組み込んだブロット装置に、室温でそのフィルター上部から湿潤液を添加、次いで1〜1000μg/mLのストレプトアビジン溶液(100mMクエン酸緩衝液:pH3〜4、あるいは10mMリン酸塩−生理食塩水緩衝液:pH7.4)を添加、10〜30分間放置した後、ブロッキング剤と安定化剤混合溶液を添加した。一昼夜凍結乾燥して、ストレプトアビジン固定化固相を作製した。
【0039】
2)抗ストレプトアビジン抗体ヤギIgGにストレプトアビジンを重層した固相の作製
グラスフィルターを組み込んだブロット装置に、室温でフィルター上部から湿潤液を添加、次いで1〜100μg/mLの抗ストレプトアビジン抗体ヤギIgG溶液(100mMクエン酸緩衝液:pH3〜4、あるいは10mMリン酸塩−生理食塩水緩衝液:pH7.4)を添加、10〜30分間放置した後、1〜1000μg/mLのストレプトアビジン溶液(10mMリン酸塩−生理食塩水緩衝液:pH7.4)を添加し、10〜30分簡放置した後、ブロッキング剤と安定化剤混合溶液を添加した。一昼夜凍結乾燥して、重層ストレプトアビジン固定化固相を作製した。
【0040】
比較例として、実施例1に記載の比較例2(アレルゲンを直接固相上に結合させたもの)をそのまま使用し、上記の2)の固相を使用して、実施例1と同じ方法で患者血清のアレルゲン特異的IgEを測定した場合も、実施例1とほぼ同じ値が得られ、感度として、二倍くらいの高感度を示した。即ち、固相をストレプトアビジンに変えても同じ結果が得られることが確認された。
【0041】
[実施例3]
(1)化学的固定化法による抗ビオチン抗体固定化多孔性固相の作製
直径8mmに打ち抜いたグラスフィルターを、2%の3−アミノプロピルエトキシシラン−アセトン溶液に45℃で一昼夜浸漬した後、アセトンで洗浄して乾燥した。次いで、これを1%グルタールアルデヒド(GA)水溶液に室温で1時間浸漬した後、0.25Mリン酸塩緩衝液(pH7.4)を用いてグルタールアルデヒド臭が消えるまで洗浄して、グルタールアルデヒド活性化フィルターを調製した。これをブロット装置に組み込み、室温でフィルター上部から、1〜100μg/mLの抗ヤギ抗体ウサギIgG溶液(10mMリン酸塩−生理食塩水緩衝液:pH7.4)を添加、室温で10〜30分間放置した後、1〜1000μg/mLの抗ビオチン抗体ヤギIgG溶液(10mMリン酸塩−生理食塩水緩衝液:pH7.4)を添加して、室温で10〜30分間放置した。次いで、ブロッキング剤と安定化混合溶液を上から加え、一昼夜凍結乾燥して重層抗ビオチン抗体固定化固相を作製した。
上記で得られた固相を用いて、実施例1と同じ方法で検出感度を求めた結果、実施例1と同様な結果が得られることが確認された。
【0042】
[実施例4]
(1)重層抗ビオチン抗体固相を用いた患者血清中のアレルゲン特異的IgEの測定
サンプルカップを8個×8名分計64個用意し、各々に、ビオチン化ギョウギシバ花粉・アレルゲン液(G2)、ビオチン化オオアワガエリ花粉・アレルゲン液(G6)、ビオチン化アキノキリンソウ花粉・アレルゲン液(W12)、ビオチン化シラカンバ花粉・アレルゲン液(T3)、ビオチン化ペニシリウム(M1)・アレルゲン液、ビオチン化クラドスポリウム・アレルゲン液(M2)、ビオチン化ピーナッツアレルゲン液(F13)、ビオチン化卵黄・アレルゲン液(F75)を各々5μL分取し、これに患者血清を各々50μLずつ添加して37℃で5分間加温した。即ち、ビオチン化アレルゲン液1容量に対して被検試料液10容量を用いた。予めブロック液50μLを添加して湿潤させた実施例1の(1)−2)で作製したブロット装置の各々のフィルター上部から、これらの反応混合液をそれぞれ50μL加えて、2分間37℃で加温した。加温後、各々のブロット装置の上部から西洋ワサビペルオキシダーゼ標識抗ヒトIgEマウスモノクローナル抗体溶液を20μLずつ加えて37℃で2分間加温した。次いで、各々のブロット装置の上部から洗浄液100μLを2回ずつ加えて過剰の標識抗体を除去した後、TMBZ溶液を各々40μLずつ添加し、37℃で反応させ、積分球検出器で固相担体表面に呈する青色の反射率(ΔK/S)を測定した。全反応時間は10分間で終わった。予め同様な操作法でヒトIgE抗体標品を用いて作製した検量線から、8名の患者血清中の各々8種類のアレルゲン特異的IgE抗体濃度を算出した。結果を表3に示した。
【0043】
【表3】
Figure 0004545869
【0044】
表3の結果から、本発明に従う測定方法によれば、各種のアレルゲン特異的IgEを感度よく測定することが可能であることが確認された。
【0045】
[実施例5]
(1)アレルゲン特異的IgE濃度の相関
抗ビオチン抗体固定化固相を用いて、実施例4と同じ方法にて、5名の患者について28種のアレルゲン特異的IgE(H1:ハウスダスト、H2:ハウスダスト2、D1:ヤケヒョウダニ、D2:コナヒョウダニ、E1:ネコ上皮、E2:イヌ上皮、E5:イヌ皮屑、G1:ハルガヤ、G3:カモガヤ、G6:オオアワガエリ、W1:ブタクサ、W6:ヨモギ、W12:アキノキリンソウ、T17:スギ、F1:卵白、F2:牛乳、F4:小麦、F9:米、F11:ソバ、F14:大豆、F23:カニ、F24:エビ、F75:卵黄、M1:ペニシリウム、M2:クラドスポリウム、M3:アスペルギルス、M5:カンジダ、M6:アルテルナリア)を測定した。市販のファルマシア・アップジョン社のアレルゲン特異的IgE測定試薬(比較)を用いて同じ検体を測定し、本発明の測定方法(発明)と相関を求めた。結果を表4と表5に示した。
【0046】
【表4】
Figure 0004545869
【0047】
【表5】
Figure 0004545869
【0048】
アレルゲンスコアは表6に従って分類した。
【0049】
【表6】
Figure 0004545869
【0050】
表4及び表5に示された比較用の市販アレルゲン特異的IgE測定試薬を用いた場合と本発明方法を用いた場合との相関は、次の通りである。
測定総数n=140、アレルゲン特異的IgE単位(iu/mL)では
Y=0.911X+1.769(r=0.9542)、
アレルゲンスコアでは
Y=0.978X−0.123(r=0.8668)。
従って、両測定法の相関は良好であることが確認された。
【0051】
[実施例6]
試料物質溶液とリガンド結合体溶液との混合の際の容量比の影響の検討
1)試料物質溶液(標準IgE溶液:100iu/mL)とリガンド結合体溶液(ビオチン化抗ヒトIgE溶液(LW)とを用いて、その混合比(容量比)の測定感度への影響を、実施例1−1)で作成した抗ビオチン抗体ヤギIgG抗体固定化固相担体を用いて同様な方法での測定を行なって調べた。その測定と結果を表7に示す。
【0052】
【表7】
Figure 0004545869
【0053】
表7の結果から、試料物質溶液とリガンド結合体溶液との混合の際の容量比の測定感度に与える影響が大きく、前者/後者の比で、1/1以上であることが望ましいこと、そして感度上昇は、約5/1でほぼ飽和状態となることが分る。
【0054】
2)各種の試料物質溶液(アレルゲン陽性血清)とそれに対応するリガンド結合体溶液(ビオチン化アレルゲン溶液)とを用いて、その混合比(容量比)の測定感度への影響を混合比5/1(混合系A)と混合比1/1(混合系B)について、測定時のサンプリング量を共に50μLとして、実施例1−1)で作成した抗ビオチン抗体ヤギIgG抗体固定化固相を用いて同様な方法での測定を行なって調べた。その測定と結果を表8に示す。
【0055】
【表8】
Figure 0004545869
【0056】
表8の結果から、アレルゲン測定に際しても、前処理した繊維質多孔性固相を用いての測定において予め行なうアレルゲン溶液/ビオチン化アレルゲン溶液の混合比の増加が感度の明らかな向上をもたらすことが分る。
【0057】
3)試料物質溶液(IgE溶液)の濃度を種々変え、IgE溶液(試料溶液)とビオチン化抗ヒトIgE液の混合比(容量比)の測定感度への影響を混合比5/1(混合系A)と混合比1/1(混合系B)について、測定時のサンプリング量を共に50μLとして、前記1)と同様な実験を行なった(検量線の作成)。
その結果を表9に示す。
【0058】
【表9】
Figure 0004545869
【0059】
表9の結果から、検量線の感度も試料物質溶液とリガンド結合体溶液との混合の際の混合比の増加により明らかな向上が現れることが分る。
【0065】
【発明の効果】
本発明の生理活性物質の存在量や感度の測定方法によれば、免疫学的測定法を利用して、測定対象物質に応じた別々の固相を調製・設置することなく単一のリガンド捕捉剤固定化固相を用いて、多種類の測定対象物質を簡便、迅速、高感度、かつ高精度で測定することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for measuring the amount of a sample substance having physiological activity based on an immunological measurement method using a porous filter as a solid phase carrier.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the solid phase immunoassay method, depending on the antigen or antibody to be measured, an immobilized antibody solid phase corresponding to the relevant antigen or an immobilized antigen solid phase corresponding to the relevant antibody is prepared in advance, and the target is measured each time. Conventionally, a method of selecting the solid phase corresponding to the substance to be used has been common. In such a method, the number of types of solid phase required for each substance to be measured is innumerable, so the preparation of the solid phase is extremely complicated, and the measurement target is irrespective of the mechanical operation or the method used. The complication of having to select for each appropriate solid phase depending on the substance was overlaid.
[0003]
Attempts have already been made to solve the above problems. For example, using one type of ligand capture agent-immobilized solid phase, selecting a ligand-labeled physiologically active substance according to the substance to be measured, and ligand-labeled physiologically active substance required for measurement on the ligand capture agent-immobilized solid phase That is, a method based on capturing a ligand-labeled antigen or antibody on a solid phase is known. In addition, by preparing the necessary solid phase, or by adding the antigen to be measured in the sample or the antibody to be measured and the ligand-labeled antibody or ligand-labeled antigen on the ligand-captured agent-immobilized solid phase and capturing them, A method that enables measurement of any substance to be measured that is measured immunologically is also known. These methods are described in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-49657 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-145967.
[0004]
However, with the known method, measurement sensitivity at the level of nanogram amount per mL could not be obtained in a very short time.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The problem to be solved by the present invention is to obtain measurement sensitivity at the level of nanogram per mL in a time extremely shorter than the time required for the conventional immunoassay using a highly versatile measuring instrument. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring a sample substance having physiological activity based on an immunological measurement method.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention provides a sample solution containing a measurement sample substance having physiological activity and a first physiologically active substance that specifically binds to the measurement sample substance. Biotin The solution containing the ligand-bound conjugate is such that the volume ratio of these solutions is 1: 1 to 20: 1 (preferably 2: 1 or more and 10: 1 or less). A step of forming a complex of a physiologically active substance bound to the ligand and the measurement sample substance in a solution by contacting the solution; The anti-biotin antibody or streptavidin is an antibody against anti-biotin antibody or anti-streptavidin antibody corresponding to each Porous with an absorber at the bottom, bonded through a spacer, capable of absorbing the permeated solution Glass filter A step of allowing the ligand portion of the complex to bind to the ligand-trapping agent; and labeling with an enzyme that specifically binds to the measurement sample substance on the surface of the porous filter. The second bioactive substance having the enzyme label is bound to the porous filter via the ligand-trapping agent and the ligand part by dropping and allowing the second bioactive substance solution to pass through. Binding to the complex of the first physiologically active substance and the measurement sample substance; removing the unbound enzyme-labeled second physiologically active substance by washing the porous filter; and the enzyme bound to the porous filter A method for measuring a physiologically active sample substance using a porous filter.
[0008]
A preferred embodiment of the method for measuring a sample substance of the present invention is described below.
(1) Use biotin as a ligand.
(2) Use an anti-biotin antibody as a ligand-trapping agent.
(3) The ligand scavenger is an anti-biotin antibody and the spacer is an antibody against the anti-biotin antibody.
(4) Use a biotinylated allergen as a conjugate in which a ligand is bound to the first physiologically active substance.
[0009]
(5) Use a fibrous porous filter in which a ligand-trapping agent is bound via a spacer.
(6) The ligand capture agent is streptavidin.
(7) The ligand capture agent is streptavidin and the spacer is an anti-streptavidin antibody.
(8) The ligand capture agent is streptavidin, and the spacer is an anti-streptavidin antibody layered with an anti-streptavidin antibody layer.
(9) An absorber is provided in the lower part of the fibrous porous filter.
[0010]
(10) A fibrous porous filter is used as a solid phase carrier, a ligand capture agent for capturing the ligand is supported on the solid phase carrier, and the ligand binds to the first physiologically active substance that specifically binds to the measurement sample substance. After the prepared substance and the sample containing the measurement sample substance are mixed and stirred in the liquid and reacted, a certain amount of the reaction liquid is directly dropped onto the solid phase carrier to which the ligand capture agent is bound, and then Then, a solution containing a second physiologically active substance labeled with an enzyme that specifically binds to the sample material to be measured is dropped into the dropping portion to cause a reaction, and the reaction solution permeates in the vertical direction of the filter, and then the washing solution In the fibrous porous filter immunoassay method for measuring the amount of measurement sample substance by measuring the amount of enzyme activity on the fibrous porous filter, and measuring the sample containing the measurement sample substance Specific to sample material The ratio of the physiologically active substance to be bound to the substance to which the ligand is bound in the liquid is in the range of 20: 1 to 1: 1, preferably 10: 1 to 2: 1, more preferably 10: 1 to 4: Measure in the range of 1.
[0011]
(11) After the binding reaction in the solution of the substance having the ligand bound to the first physiologically active substance that specifically binds to the measurement sample substance and the sample containing the measurement sample substance, the reaction solution is appropriately diluted. After diluting with liquid, take a fixed amount and drop it onto the solid support.
(12) As a method for measuring the signal amount after the enzyme reaction, the reflectance is measured using an integrating sphere.
[0012]
(13) Measure the initial velocity of the signal strength when measuring the signal amount.
(14) The time until the initial velocity of the signal intensity of the enzyme activity bound on the solid phase carrier is measured is 15 after the solution is dropped directly on the fibrous porous filter to which the ligand scavenger is bound. Terminate the reaction within minutes, preferably within 8 minutes.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the method for measuring the amount of physiologically active sample substance and physiological activity using the porous filter of the present invention, it is preferable to use a glass fiber filter as the porous filter. Biotin is preferably used as the ligand, and anti-biotin antibody or streptavidin is preferably used as the ligand-trapping agent to be bound to the porous filter.
[0014]
The ligand scavenger is bound to the porous filter via a spacer. For example, when using biotin as a ligand Is It is preferable to overlay an anti-biotin antibody on an antibody against a ligand capture agent, that is, an antibody against an anti-biotin antibody as a spacer. In addition, an anti-streptavidin antibody can be used as a spacer, or an anti-streptavidin antibody can be used as an overlay on an anti-streptavidin antibody.
[0015]
Next, in the method for measuring a physiologically active sample substance using the porous filter of the present invention, an antibody (allergen-specific IgE antibody) is used as a measurement target physiologically active substance, and an antigen (allergen) is used as the first physiologically active substance. In the case of using an enzyme-labeled second antibody (anti-human IgE antibody) as the enzyme-labeled second physiologically active substance, and a system using the above-described preferred porous filter, ligand, and ligand-trapping agent For example, it will be described in more detail.
[0016]
The measurement method of the present invention includes a conjugate in which a ligand is bound to a physiologically active substance that specifically binds to a measurement substance, for example, a ligand-labeled antigen or a ligand-labeled antibody, using a porous filter as a solid phase carrier. The solution and the sample solution containing the measurement sample substance are reacted in advance in the liquid, and then this reaction liquid is directly dropped onto the porous filter solid phase to which the ligand scavenger is bound, and the dropped reaction liquid is filtered. The second physiologically active substance that specifically binds to the sample material to be measured after penetrating in the vertical direction, and labeled with an enzyme, for example, an enzyme-labeled antibody or enzyme-labeled antigen is dropped and reacted, Next, the amount of the measurement substance can be measured by measuring the amount of the enzyme activity on the fibrous porous filter after dropping the washing solution to remove unreacted substances. In this case, the sample solution containing the measurement sample substance and the conjugate in which the ligand is bound to the first physiologically active substance that specifically binds to the measurement sample substance, in a volume ratio of 20: 1 to 1: 1. In the range of 10: 1 to 2: 1, for example, a trace amount of ng / mL level can be measured in a short time of 15 minutes or less.
[0017]
It is also preferable to install an absorber for facilitating the passage of the solution below the porous filter (solid phase carrier). Specifically, as described in JP-A-4-318462 or JP-A-7-218438, for example, as a solid phase carrier, it is excellent in liquid permeability and protein or glycoprotein is physically or chemically. Reaction for immunological measurement using a glass fiber with an excellent ability to immobilize and moderate physical strength, combined with an absorbent layer made of cellulose to absorb the solution that has passed through the solid support at the bottom. It is preferred to use a container (ie, a blot device).
[0018]
The method for immobilizing the spacer or the ligand capture agent on the solid phase carrier is as follows. From the upper part of the solid phase carrier, a wet buffer and a protein solution that specifically recognizes biotin (ligand) Capture agent solution), blocking solution to prevent non-specific adsorption of contaminants other than the target substance to be measured, and a buffer containing a stabilizer, and freeze-dry to prepare a ligand capture agent-immobilized solid phase carrier The method can be used. Further, as a chemical immobilization method, a glass fiber carrier is treated with an aminoalkylsilane-glutaraldehyde in accordance with, for example, the method of Ishikawa et al. (Enzyme Immunoassay: Medical School, p94, 1978), and then an absorbent layer. And a solution similar to the above-described physical immobilization method are added in the same order and freeze-dried to prepare a ligand capture agent-immobilized solid phase.
[0019]
In the measurement method of the present invention, an anti-biotin antibody or streptavidin can be used as a ligand capture agent, but these proteins are immobilized via a spacer described below rather than directly immobilized on a glass fiber solid phase carrier. Higher sensitivity can be obtained. That is, preferably, the anti-biotin antibody is immobilized on the solid phase carrier via an antibody against the anti-biotin antibody, or the streptavidin is immobilized on the solid phase carrier via an anti-streptavidin antibody, or the anti-streptavidin antibody is immobilized. A solid phase prepared by immobilizing streptavidin on a solid phase in which an anti-streptavidin antibody is overlaid on an antibody can further increase the advantages of the measurement method of the present invention.
[0020]
In the measurement method of the present invention, a ligand capture agent-immobilized solid phase can be effectively used in order to measure various types of measurement target substances quickly, with high sensitivity, specificity, and high accuracy in an immunological measurement method.
[0021]
As a ligand of a ligand-labeled antigen or ligand-labeled antibody that immunologically specifically reacts with a substance to be measured (measurement sample substance) in a sample, it is preferable to use biotin as a small molecule. Since the biotin-labeled antigen or biotin-labeled antibody reacts quickly with the substance to be measured without impairing its own immunological activity, the measurement time can be shortened. If biotin labeling shows a change in the activity of the antigen or antibody, use a method such as changing the side chain length of the biotinylation reagent or oxidizing the terminal sugar chain of the antigen or antibody to biotin labeling. Can do.
[0022]
In the measurement method of the present invention, when measuring a measurement target substance in a sample using a ligand capture agent-immobilized solid phase carrier and a ligand label, the measurement sensitivity or measurement target substance required for detection of the measurement target substance and Depending on the reaction with the ligand-labeled substance, change the volume ratio between the physiologically active substance solution to be measured and the solution containing the ligand-labeled substance, increase the concentration of the ligand-labeled substance, and maintain the concentration of the measured substance High-sensitivity and short-time measurement is possible by reacting a large volume ratio, that is, a ligand-labeled body solution: a measurement substance solution in a range of 1:20 to 1: 1, preferably 1:10 to 1: 2. It has become. If the sensitivity is over the range, it is possible to dilute the measurement sample with an appropriate diluent and then mix it with the ligand-labeled substance. After mixing the measurement sample and the ligand-labeled substance, dilute with the appropriate diluent. After that, it is possible to use the fixed amount as the sample amount.
[0024]
In the measurement method of the present invention, the sample substances to be measured include allergen-specific IgE antibody, non-specific IgE, hepatitis virus (A, B, C, D, E type), viral infection (HIV, HTLV) , Herpes, rota, rubella, etc.), protozoal infections (toxoplasma, spirochetes, etc.), fungal infections (chlamydia, candida, trichomonas, etc.), various infectious disease markers, CEA, AFP, PSA, CA19-9, CA125, Examples include tumor markers such as ferritin and DUPANII, inflammation markers such as CRP, ASO and RF, and myocardial infarction markers such as troponin I, troponin T and myoglobin.
[0025]
Next, examples of the present invention and comparative examples will be shown.
[0026]
【Example】
[Example 1]
(1) Preparation of anti-biotin antibody-immobilized porous solid phase by physical immobilization method
1) Preparation of anti-biotin antibody goat IgG antibody immobilized solid phase
A 10 mM phosphate-saline buffer solution (wet solution: pH 7.4) is added to a blotting apparatus (see description of JP-A-7-218438) incorporating a glass filter and an absorption layer at room temperature from the top of the filter. Addition, and then add 1-1000 μg / mL anti-biotin antibody goat IgG solution (100 mM citrate buffer: pH 3-4, or 10 mM phosphate-saline buffer: pH 7.4) and leave for 10-30 minutes After that, a stabilizer mixed solution containing a blocking agent containing Block Ace (manufactured by Dainippon Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and a preservative was added. The blot apparatus was lyophilized overnight to prepare an anti-biotin antibody-immobilized solid phase.
[0027]
2) Preparation of solid phase with anti-goat antibody rabbit IgG layered with anti-biotin antibody goat IgG
Wetting solution is added to the blotting apparatus incorporating the glass filter from the top of the filter at room temperature, and then 1-100 μg / mL anti-goat antibody rabbit IgG solution (100 mM citrate buffer: pH 3-4, or 10 mM phosphate-physiology) Saline buffer: pH 7.4) was added and allowed to stand for 10-30 minutes. Subsequently, 1-1000 μg / mL anti-biotin antibody goat IgG solution (10 mM phosphate-saline buffer solution: pH 7.4) is added, and the mixture is further left for 10 to 30 minutes, and then mixed with blocking agent and stabilizer. The liquid was added. The solid anti-biotin antibody-immobilized solid phase was prepared by lyophilization overnight.
[0028]
(2) Comparison of detection sensitivity using standard IgE
50 μL each of block solution containing Block Ace and preservative was added to the blot apparatus incorporating the anti-biotin antibody-immobilized solid phase carrier prepared in 2) above, and then anti-human was previously added to 50 μL of human IgE antibody preparation in advance. 5 μL of a reagent obtained by labeling an IgE monoclonal antibody with a biotinylation reagent was added, and 50 μL of a solution mixed by heating at 37 ° C. for 5 minutes was added dropwise. After heating at 37 ° C. for 2 minutes, 20 μL of peroxidase-labeled anti-human IgE monoclonal antibody was dropped, and after heating at 37 ° C. for 2 minutes, a buffer containing 0.5% nonionic surfactant (Tween-20) Washing solution 80 μL consisting of chlorinated physiological saline, 2 times after each was completely absorbed, was added dropwise to remove excess labeled antibody remaining on the filter solid phase carrier. Next, 40 μL each of a horseradish peroxidase substrate tetramethylbenzidine (TMBZ) solution was added and reacted at 37 ° C., and the blue solid on the surface of the solid support was detected with an integrating sphere detector using 670 nm laser light as a light source. The color reflectance (ΔK / S) was measured. In the measurement, the initial rate of the enzyme reaction was measured within 6 minutes after dropping the solution into the blotting apparatus. Assuming that the reflectances after a and b seconds from the addition of the substrate are (K / S) a and (K / S) b, respectively, the initial velocity (ΔK / S) is expressed by the following equation.
ΔK / S = ((K / S) b− (K / S) a) × 60 / (b−a)
[0029]
For comparison with the solid phase used in the above-described measurement method of the present invention, a 10 mM phosphate-saline buffer solution at room temperature from the top of the filter is used by using a blotting device in which unsensitized glass fibers are punched and assembled. (Wetting solution: pH 7.4) was added, and then 1-100 μg / mL anti-human IgE monoclonal antibody solution (100 mM citrate buffer: pH 3-4, or 10 mM phosphate-saline buffer: pH 7.4) 50 μL was added and allowed to stand for 10 to 30 minutes, and then a blocking agent containing block ace and a stabilizer mixed solution containing preservatives were added. The blot apparatus was freeze-dried overnight to prepare an anti-human IgE monoclonal antibody-immobilized solid phase. Using this solid phase carrier, in the measurement operation, the diluted solution and the sample were mixed at a ratio of 1: 1, 50 μL was used as the sample, and the human IgE preparation was measured by the same operation as the method of the present invention described above. The measured value was determined (Comparative Example 1).
The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
[0030]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004545869
[0031]
From the results in Table 1, it was confirmed that the measurement method according to the present invention has 30 to 40 times higher measurement sensitivity than the comparative example.
[0032]
(3) Measurement of allergen-specific IgE in patient serum
A total of 15 blotting devices for 5 × 3 persons, each incorporating the anti-biotin antibody-immobilized solid phase prepared in (1) -2) above, were prepared. 50 μL each of block solution containing blocking agent and preservative containing block ace and preservative was added from the top of each, then biotinylated house dust 2 allergen solution (H2), biotinylated house dust mite allergen solution (D2), 50 μL each of patient serum was added to 5 μL each of biotinylated camomile pollen / allergen solution (G3), biotinylated ragweed pollen / allergen solution (W1), and biotinylated alternaria allergen solution (M6), and heated at 37 ° C. for 5 minutes. .
[0033]
50 μL of each of these was added to each blotting apparatus and heated at 37 ° C. for 2 minutes, and then 20 μL of each horseradish peroxidase-labeled anti-human IgE mouse monoclonal antibody solution was added to each blotting apparatus. Warmed for minutes. Each blot apparatus was fed twice with 80 μL of a wash solution consisting of buffered saline containing 0.5% Tween-20, after the solution just supplied was completely absorbed, and the excess remaining on the filter solid phase. The labeled antibody was removed, and 40 μL each of tetramethylbenzidine (TMBZ) solution, which is a substrate of horseradish peroxidase, was added, reacted at 37 ° C., and then fixed with an integrating sphere detector using 670 nm laser light as a light source. The reflectance (ΔK / S) of the blue color tone on the phase surface was measured. In the measurement, the initial rate of the enzyme reaction was measured within 6 minutes after dropping the solution into the blotting apparatus. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0034]
For comparison, using various allergen solutions (concentration of 1 to 5 μmg / mL), a blot apparatus incorporating a glass filter and an absorption layer was added to a 10 mM phosphate-saline buffer solution (at room temperature from the top of the filter at room temperature). Wetting solution: pH 7.4) 50 μm added, then 1-5 μg / mL allergen solution 100 mM citrate buffer: pH 3-4, or 10 mM phosphate-saline buffer (wetting solution: pH 7.4) 100 μm After leaving for 10 to 30 minutes, 50 μL of a mixture of a blocking agent containing block ace and a stabilizer containing a preservative was added. The blot apparatus was lyophilized overnight to obtain an allergen-immobilized solid phase.
[0035]
After using the above solid phase and adding the blocking solution, add 25 μL of the patient serum to each 25 μL and mix, then add 50 μL each to the blotter and warm at 37 ° C. for 2 minutes. 20 μL each of horseradish peroxidase-labeled anti-human IgE antibody mouse monoclonal antibody solution was added to the blotting apparatus and heated at 37 ° C. for 2 minutes. Each blot apparatus was fed twice with 80 μL of a wash solution consisting of buffered saline containing 0.5% Tween-20, after the solution just supplied was completely absorbed, and the excess remaining on the filter solid phase. The labeled antibody was removed. Next, 40 μL each of tetramethylbenzidine (TMBZ) solution, which is a substrate of horseradish peroxidase, was added and reacted at 37 ° C. After that, the reflectivity (ΔK / S) of the blue color tone of the solid surface was measured with an integrating sphere detector using a 670 nm laser beam as a light source (Comparative Example 2). The results are shown in Table 2.
[0036]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004545869
[0037]
From the above results, the measurement sensitivity according to the present invention (that is, the value of ΔK / S) is twice or more compared to the measurement operation of the comparative example (comparative example 2), and is lower than that of the comparative example. The value (patient C) is also measured with high sensitivity by the method of the present invention, and it is clear that the determination is easy.
[0038]
[Example 2]
(1) Preparation of streptavidin-immobilized porous solid phase by physical immobilization method
1) Preparation of streptavidin-immobilized solid phase
A wetting solution is added to the blotting apparatus incorporating a glass filter from the top of the filter at room temperature, and then a 1 to 1000 μg / mL streptavidin solution (100 mM citrate buffer: pH 3 to 4 or 10 mM phosphate-saline). Buffer solution: pH 7.4) was added and allowed to stand for 10 to 30 minutes, and then a blocking agent and stabilizer mixed solution was added. It was freeze-dried overnight to prepare a streptavidin-immobilized solid phase.
[0039]
2) Preparation of a solid phase in which streptavidin is layered on anti-streptavidin antibody goat IgG
Wet solution is added to the blotting apparatus incorporating the glass filter from the top of the filter at room temperature, and then 1-100 μg / mL anti-streptavidin antibody goat IgG solution (100 mM citrate buffer: pH 3-4, or 10 mM phosphate— Saline buffer solution: pH 7.4) was added and allowed to stand for 10-30 minutes, followed by addition of 1-1000 μg / mL streptavidin solution (10 mM phosphate-saline buffer solution: pH 7.4), After allowing to stand for 10 to 30 minutes, a blocking agent and stabilizer mixed solution was added. The solid layer was freeze-dried overnight to prepare a solid streptavidin-immobilized solid phase.
[0040]
As a comparative example, Comparative Example 2 described in Example 1 (allergen directly bound on a solid phase) was used as it was, and the above 2) solid phase was used in the same manner as in Example 1. When the allergen-specific IgE of the patient serum was measured, almost the same value as in Example 1 was obtained, and the sensitivity was about twice as high. That is, it was confirmed that the same result was obtained even when the solid phase was changed to streptavidin.
[0041]
[Example 3]
(1) Preparation of anti-biotin antibody-immobilized porous solid phase by chemical immobilization method
A glass filter punched to a diameter of 8 mm was immersed in a 2% 3-aminopropylethoxysilane-acetone solution at 45 ° C. overnight, washed with acetone and dried. This was then immersed in a 1% aqueous solution of glutaraldehyde (GA) at room temperature for 1 hour, and then washed with 0.25M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) until the glutaraldehyde odor disappeared. A taraldehyde activated filter was prepared. This was incorporated into a blotting apparatus, and 1-100 μg / mL anti-goat antibody rabbit IgG solution (10 mM phosphate-saline buffer: pH 7.4) was added from the top of the filter at room temperature, and at room temperature for 10-30 minutes. After standing, 1 to 1000 μg / mL anti-biotin antibody goat IgG solution (10 mM phosphate-saline buffer solution: pH 7.4) was added and left at room temperature for 10 to 30 minutes. Next, a blocking agent and a stabilized mixed solution were added from above and freeze-dried overnight to prepare a multilayer anti-biotin antibody-immobilized solid phase.
As a result of obtaining the detection sensitivity by the same method as in Example 1 using the solid phase obtained above, it was confirmed that the same result as in Example 1 was obtained.
[0042]
[Example 4]
(1) Measurement of allergen-specific IgE in patient serum using a multilayer anti-biotin antibody solid phase
Prepare a total of 64 sample cups (8 x 8), each containing biotinylated pollen allergen (G2), biotized pollen allergen (G6), biotinylated pollen allergen (W12) Biotinylated white birch pollen / allergen solution (T3), biotinylated penicillium (M1) / allergen solution, biotinylated Cladosporium allergen solution (M2), biotinylated peanut allergen solution (F13), biotinylated egg yolk / allergen solution ( F75) was dispensed at 5 μL each, and 50 μL each of patient serum was added thereto and heated at 37 ° C. for 5 minutes. That is, 10 volumes of the test sample solution was used for 1 volume of the biotinylated allergen solution. 50 μL of each of these reaction mixtures was added from the top of each filter of the blotting device prepared in (1) -2) of Example 1 that had been wetted by adding 50 μL of the blocking solution in advance, and added at 37 ° C. for 2 minutes. Warm up. After warming, 20 μL of a horseradish peroxidase-labeled anti-human IgE mouse monoclonal antibody solution was added from the upper part of each blotting apparatus and heated at 37 ° C. for 2 minutes. Next, 100 μL of the washing solution was added twice from the upper part of each blotting device to remove excess labeled antibody, and then 40 μL of TMBZ solution was added, reacted at 37 ° C., and the surface of the solid phase carrier was detected with an integrating sphere detector. The blue reflectance (ΔK / S) exhibited in the sample was measured. The total reaction time ended in 10 minutes. Eight allergen-specific IgE antibody concentrations in the serum of eight patients were calculated from a calibration curve prepared in advance using a human IgE antibody sample by the same operation method. The results are shown in Table 3.
[0043]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004545869
[0044]
From the results in Table 3, it was confirmed that according to the measurement method according to the present invention, various allergen-specific IgEs can be measured with high sensitivity.
[0045]
[Example 5]
(1) Correlation of allergen-specific IgE concentration
In the same manner as in Example 4 using anti-biotin antibody-immobilized solid phase, 28 types of allergen-specific IgE (H1: house dust, H2: house dust 2, D1: house dust mite, D2: Dermatophagoides, E1: Cat epithelium, E2: Dog epithelium, E5: Dog skin waste, G1: Hargaya, G3: Camellia, G6: Blue wagtail, W1: Ragweed, W6: Artemisia, W12: Duckweed, T17: Japanese cedar, F1: Egg white, F2: milk, F4: wheat, F9: rice, F11: buckwheat, F14: soybean, F23: crab, F24: shrimp, F75: egg yolk, M1: penicillium, M2: cladosporium, M3: Aspergillus, M5: Candida, M6: Alternaria) was measured. The same specimen was measured using a commercially available Pharmacia Upjohn allergen-specific IgE measuring reagent (comparative), and the correlation with the measuring method (invention) of the present invention was determined. The results are shown in Tables 4 and 5.
[0046]
[Table 4]
Figure 0004545869
[0047]
[Table 5]
Figure 0004545869
[0048]
Allergen scores were classified according to Table 6.
[0049]
[Table 6]
Figure 0004545869
[0050]
The correlation between the case where the comparative commercially available allergen-specific IgE measuring reagents shown in Table 4 and Table 5 are used and the case where the method of the present invention is used is as follows.
Total number of measurements n = 140, allergen-specific IgE units (iu / mL)
Y = 0.911X + 1.769 (r = 0.9542),
In the allergen score
Y = 0.978X-0.123 (r = 0.8668).
Therefore, it was confirmed that the correlation between both measurement methods was good.
[0051]
[Example 6]
Examination of effect of volume ratio on mixing of sample substance solution and ligand conjugate solution
1) Using a sample substance solution (standard IgE solution: 100 iu / mL) and a ligand conjugate solution (biotinylated anti-human IgE solution (LW)), the effect of the mixing ratio (volume ratio) on the measurement sensitivity was performed. The measurement was conducted in the same manner using the anti-biotin antibody goat IgG antibody-immobilized solid phase carrier prepared in Example 1-1). Table 7 shows the measurement and results.
[0052]
[Table 7]
Figure 0004545869
[0053]
From the results in Table 7, it is desirable that the volume ratio has a great influence on the measurement sensitivity when mixing the sample substance solution and the ligand conjugate solution, and the former / the latter ratio is preferably 1/1 or more, and It can be seen that the sensitivity increase is almost saturated at about 5/1.
[0054]
2) Using various sample substance solutions (allergen positive serum) and the corresponding ligand conjugate solution (biotinylated allergen solution), the effect of the mixture ratio (volume ratio) on the measurement sensitivity is 5/1 For (mixing system A) and mixing ratio 1/1 (mixing system B), the sampling amount at the time of measurement was set to 50 μL, and the anti-biotin antibody goat IgG antibody immobilized solid phase prepared in Example 1-1) was used. The measurement was performed by the same method. Table 8 shows the measurement and results.
[0055]
[Table 8]
Figure 0004545869
[0056]
From the results in Table 8, also in the allergen measurement, the increase in the mixing ratio of the allergen solution / biotinylated allergen solution performed in advance in the measurement using the pretreated fibrous porous solid phase can clearly improve the sensitivity. I understand.
[0057]
3) Varying the concentration of the sample substance solution (IgE solution), the effect of the mixing ratio (volume ratio) of the IgE solution (sample solution) and biotinylated anti-human IgE solution on the measurement sensitivity is 5/1 (mixing system) With respect to A) and a mixing ratio of 1/1 (mixing system B), the same amount of sampling at the time of measurement was set to 50 μL, and the same experiment as in 1) was performed (preparation of a calibration curve).
The results are shown in Table 9.
[0058]
[Table 9]
Figure 0004545869
[0059]
From the results in Table 9, it can be seen that the sensitivity of the calibration curve is also clearly improved by increasing the mixing ratio when mixing the sample substance solution and the ligand conjugate solution.
[0065]
【The invention's effect】
According to the method for measuring the abundance and sensitivity of a physiologically active substance of the present invention, a single ligand can be captured without preparing and installing a separate solid phase according to the substance to be measured using an immunoassay. Using the agent-immobilized solid phase, various types of measurement target substances can be measured simply, rapidly, with high sensitivity, and with high accuracy.

Claims (3)

生理活性を有する測定試料物質を含む試料溶液と、該測定試料物質に特異的に結合する第一の生理活性物質にビオチンであるリガンドが結合された結合体を含む溶液とを、それらの溶液の容量比が1:1乃至20:1となるように接触させて、リガンドに結合した生理活性物質と測定試料物質との複合体を溶液中にて形成する工程;該複合体を含む溶液を、上記リガンドの補捉剤である抗ビオチン抗体もしくはストレプトアビジンが、それぞれに対応して抗ビオチン抗体に対する抗体もしくは抗ストレプトアビジン抗体であるスペーサを介して結合された、透過した溶液を吸収することができる吸収体を下部に備えた多孔性のグラスフィルタの表面に滴下し、透過させて、該複合体のリガンド部分を、該リガンド補捉剤に結合させる工程;該多孔性フィルタの表面に、上記測定試料物質に特異的に結合する、酵素で標識された第二の生理活性物質の溶液を滴下し、透過させて、この酵素標識を持つ第二の生理活性物質を、リガンド補捉剤とリガンド部分とを介して多孔性フィルタに結合している第一の生理活性物質と測定試料物質との複合体に結合させる工程;多孔性フィルタを洗浄することにより未結合の酵素標識第二生理活性物質を除去する工程;そして多孔性フィルタに結合した酵素の活性を測定する工程からなることを特徴とする、多孔性フィルタを用いる生理活性を有する試料物質の測定方法。A sample solution containing a measurement sample substance having bioactivity and a solution containing a conjugate in which a ligand that is biotin is bound to a first bioactive substance that specifically binds to the measurement sample substance Contacting with a volume ratio of 1: 1 to 20: 1 to form a complex of a physiologically active substance bound to a ligand and a measurement sample substance in a solution; a solution containing the complex; Anti-biotin antibody or streptavidin, which is the ligand capture agent , can absorb the permeated solution that is bound to the corresponding anti-biotin antibody or spacer that is anti-streptavidin antibody. step absorber was dropped on the surface of the porous glass filter with the bottom, by transmitting, the ligand moiety of the conjugate is bound to said ligand scavenger; the A solution of a second physiologically active substance labeled with an enzyme that specifically binds to the measurement sample substance is dropped onto the surface of the porous filter and allowed to permeate to pass through the second physiologically active substance having the enzyme label. Binding to the complex of the first physiologically active substance and the measurement sample substance that are bound to the porous filter via the ligand scavenger and the ligand moiety; unbound by washing the porous filter A method for measuring a physiologically active sample substance using a porous filter, comprising the steps of: removing the enzyme-labeled second physiologically active substance; and measuring the activity of the enzyme bound to the porous filter. 生理活性を有する測定試料物質がアレルゲン特異的IgE抗体であって、第一の生理活性物質にリガンドが結合された結合体がビオチン化アレルゲンである請求項1に記載の試料物質の測定方法。The method for measuring a sample substance according to claim 1, wherein the measurement sample substance having physiological activity is an allergen-specific IgE antibody, and the conjugate in which a ligand is bound to the first physiologically active substance is a biotinylated allergen. 試料溶液と、測定試料物質に特異的に結合する第一の生理活性物質にリガンドが結合された結合体を含む溶液とを、それらの溶液の容量比が2:1乃至10:1となる量にて接触させることを特徴とする請求項1もしくは2に記載の試料物質の測定方法。  An amount in which the volume ratio of the sample solution and the solution containing the conjugate in which the ligand is bound to the first physiologically active substance that specifically binds to the measurement sample substance is 2: 1 to 10: 1 The method for measuring a sample substance according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the contact is performed by using a method.
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