JP4542467B2 - Manufacturing method of Nan - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing naan, and more particularly, to a method for producing naan having a good fragrance and taste, and having a peculiar stickiness and a fluffy texture.

In recent years, with the diversification of meals, in addition to Western-style bread such as bread using fermented dough, such as general bread, confectionery bread, and breads rich in fats and oils such as Danish, among Indian bread, Nan, served as a sushi, and tortillas served as a Mexican dish are attracting attention. Among them, Nan is preferred because it has a refreshing texture and can be eaten with dishes as a staple food, but it is fired using a special bowl-shaped baking pot using the wall surface. It was difficult to manufacture.
Usually, when producing bread, etc., all ingredients are mixed, fermented, divided, molded and then fermented and baked. The flavor was not obtained, and mass production was difficult.

Various attempts have been made for the purpose of imparting a touch to bread dough, such as a method of adding a powdered protein material to bread dough (see, for example, Patent Document 1), and egg white powder for bread or confectionery dough. And a method of adding a specific calcium salt and a thickening polysaccharide (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
However, although the method using these additives can improve the texture of the baked bread or confectionery to some extent, it has not yet achieved a feeling of stickiness and goodness unique to Nan.
Further, from the viewpoint of the process, a method for producing breads that can improve the sticky feeling based on the straight method and the medium seed method that are generally used has been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 3). However, according to such a method for producing bread, it is possible to improve only the glutinous feeling, but it has not yet reproduced the peculiar flavor of kiln baked naan.
JP 2002-171897 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-224550 JP-A-10-113115

The object of the present invention in consideration of the above-mentioned problems is the same as Nan baked in a traditional kettle, having a good fragrance and taste, and having a sticky and plump texture. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing Nan, which can be easily produced by an oven which is a general-purpose baking apparatus.

As a result of diligent research, the present inventor has found that the above object can be achieved by adding a specific step of layer folding under specific conditions and stretching it when preparing a dough. completed.
That is, the manufacturing method of Nan according to the present invention comprises (A) a dough preparation step for preparing dough by mixing flour, yeast, fats and water, (B) a dough fermentation step for fermenting the dough, and (C ) After the fermented dough is stretched into a sheet, the sheet-like dough is folded into a plurality of layers to obtain a multi-layer folded fabric, and then a dough layer folding step of further stretching it into a sheet, D) A layer-folded and stretched dough is divided into a predetermined size, and then subjected to final fermentation, followed by firing in an oven .
Here, the dough layer folding process, which is a characteristic process of the present invention, is repeated a plurality of times, and the dough is folded and stretched repeatedly, and then the baking process is performed to provide a more natural texture. Obtainable.
Moreover, in the dough raw material, it is preferable that yeast used in the dough fermentation step is natural yeast and that the flour is a strong flour.
In the production method of the present invention, it is preferable to perform baking at a relatively high temperature for a short time from the viewpoint of reproducing the texture of kiln-baked naan. Specifically, in the baking step, 240 ° C to 400 ° C. It is a preferable aspect to bake for 1 to 4 minutes in an oven in the temperature range.

According to the present invention, a bread having a good fragrance and taste as well as a nan baked in a traditional kettle and having a fluffy and fluffy texture is a general-purpose baking apparatus . A method for producing Nan that can be easily produced by an oven can be provided.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The production method of the present invention comprises: (A) a dough preparation step for preparing dough by mixing flour, yeast, fats and water, (B) a dough fermentation step for fermenting the dough, and (C) the fermented product. After the dough is stretched into a sheet shape, the sheet-like fabric is folded into a plurality of layers to obtain a multi-layer folded fabric, and then a fabric layer folding step for further stretching it into a sheet shape, and (D) layer folding It is characterized by having at least the steps (A) to (D), ie, a baking step of dividing the stretched dough into a predetermined size and then baking in an oven after final fermentation.
Hereinafter, each step will be described in detail.

<(A) Dough preparation process>
Nan dough that can be suitably used in the production method of the present invention includes at least flour, yeast, and fats and oils.
As the yeast, dry yeast, fresh yeast and the like generally used for preparing bread dough can be appropriately selected and used. From the viewpoint of texture, those containing natural yeast are preferable. Yeast is generally contained in the dough material in an amount of about 0.3 to 5% by mass.
As wheat flour, weak flour, strong flour, a mixture of both, and the like can be used, but strong flour is preferred in order to make the resulting Nan strong.

The types of fats and oils that can be used in the present invention are not particularly limited, and usually, fats and oils used for bread production can be arbitrarily selected and used. For example, vegetable fats and oils such as soybean oil, rapeseed oil, rice oil, and cottonseed oil In addition, margarine for bread production obtained by emulsifying vegetable oils and fats, animal oils and fats such as commercially available bakery creams, butters and shortenings can be used, and these can be appropriately selected and used.
From the standpoint of expressing Nan's unique flavor, it is preferable to use vegetable oil and fat and shortening together, and the content ratio of both is preferably about 1: 4 to 1:10.

The blending ratio of the raw material of the Nan dough is not particularly limited and can be set as appropriate. However, the flour is the main component in the dough material and is generally contained in an amount of 50 to 70% by mass, preferably 52 to 67% by mass. More preferably, it is the range of 55-65 mass%.
In addition, other components are usually blended at a ratio of 0.5 to 3.5 parts by weight of yeast, 3 to 10 parts by weight of fat and oil, and 55 to 65 parts by weight of water with respect to 100 parts by weight of flour. It is preferable to do.

In addition, the dough of Nan may contain various materials commonly used in doughs containing flour such as bread, from the viewpoint of improving the texture and improving the handleability of the dough, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. it can. Moreover, the seasoning for adjusting a flavor can be included.
Specific examples include yeast food, dairy products, emulsifiers, vitamin C and the like. As a seasoning, salt, sugar, etc. are used, and various spices, herbs (flavored plants), etc. can be blended for flavoring.
In order to improve the feeling of glutinousness, a thickening polysaccharide mainly composed of mannan or starch, preferably wheat starch, rice starch, etc., dissolved in hot water of more than double amount is used. You can also.
The amount of other materials added is appropriately selected according to the purpose, but usually 0 to 0.1 parts by weight of yeast food and 0 to 0.1 parts by weight of vitamin C as a stabilizer for 100 parts by weight of flour. It is preferable to be in the range. Moreover, 0-2 mass parts of salt as a seasoning and 0-5 mass parts of sugar can be added as desired.

The dough is prepared by uniformly mixing these materials. For mixing (mixing), a known mixing device such as a mixer can be used.
Although it does not specifically limit as a working environment at the time of mixing and preparing dough, It is preferable to carry out by normal temperature about 25-28 degreeC and humidity about 70-75%.
The mixing time is not particularly limited and can be appropriately set according to the amount of raw materials to be mixed, other conditions, etc., but it is usually preferable to perform the low speed for 2 to 5 minutes and the high speed for about 6 to 10 minutes. Here, the low speed means 50 rpm or less, preferably about 40 rpm, and the high speed means stirring under conditions of 60 rpm or more, preferably about 80 rpm. By mixing under such conditions, effects such as improvement of fabric extensibility can be obtained.

When this dough is prepared by mixing, the temperature at the center of the dough is preferably in the range of 15 to 20 ° C, more preferably 17 to 19 ° C. The dough temperature can be measured by a conventional method, for example, using a commercially available thermometer.
The temperature at the center of the dough is measured because the temperature at the center of the dough, which is less influenced by the ambient temperature, reflects the characteristics of the dough more than the temperature at the surface of the dough that is easily affected by the ambient temperature.

<(B) Dough fermentation process>
The step (B) is a step of fermenting the dough prepared in the (A) dough preparation step.
The temperature of the fermentation chamber in the step (B) is preferably in the range of 23 to 40 ° C. From the viewpoint of optimizing the function of the yeast to be used, it is in the range of 25 to 38 ° C, more preferably 37 to 33 ° C. is there.
The fermentation time is not particularly limited as long as it is in the range of 0.5 to 2 hours, and can be appropriately set according to the type of yeast to be used, the composition of the dough, the fermentation temperature, etc., preferably 0.5 ~ 1 hour range.

From the viewpoint of optimizing the function of yeast, the humidity of the fermentation chamber is preferably high humidity, and specifically, the humidity is 60 RH% or more, and more preferably in the range of 70 to 100 RH%.
(B) By making the fermentation chamber conditions in a process into the said range, efficient fermentation of dough is performed.
Although the expansion ratio due to fermentation of the dough is not limited, it is usually preferable to be about 1.5 to 3 times the volume before fermentation.
The temperature at the center of the dough at the end of the fermentation is preferably 25 ° C or higher, more preferably about 30 to 38 ° C.
In addition, the pH of the dough is preferably about 5 to 7, more preferably about 5 to 6. In this pH range, Nan fermentation is carried out efficiently.
The method for measuring the pH of the dough in the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, it is preferable to measure the pH of a suspension obtained by sufficiently suspending 10 g of the dough in 100 g of distilled water. The pH measuring device is not particularly limited, and a commercially available pH meter may be used according to a conventional method.

<(C) Fabric layer folding process>
Next, the (C) fabric layer folding step, which is a characteristic step of the present invention, will be described. In the step (C), after the fermented dough is stretched into a sheet shape, the sheet-like dough is folded into a plurality of layers to obtain a plurality of layers of the folded dough, and then it is further stretched into a sheet shape.
More specifically, after taking the floor time of about 30 minutes to 1 hour for the fermented dough, it is preferably stretched into a sheet of about 1 to 5 mm in thickness, Is folded into 4 to 8 layers to obtain a multi-layered layered fabric, and then it is stretched by applying pressure to form a sheet-shaped fabric having a thickness of preferably 2 to 5 mm. The sheet-like fabric is folded again into a plurality of layers to prepare a layer-folded fabric, which is then stretched to form a sheet-like fabric. That is, by repeating this layer folding process a plurality of times, how many thin layers are formed. It is preferable to prepare a dough obtained by laminating from the viewpoint of improving the texture of naan. When performing this multiple layer folding process, after performing the second and subsequent layer folding, rest the dough for about 3 to 10 minutes, and then stretch to prepare a sheet-like dough having a thickness of about 5 to 20 mm. Is preferred.

As described above, after the dough is stretched into a sheet shape and folded to form a laminated state of a plurality of layers of fabric, the dough layer folding process is further repeated twice or more to form a sheet shape. The layer is also preferably a dough laminated and stretched. For example, by repeating a 6-layer dough layer folding process twice, the obtained dough becomes a state in which 12 layers of thin sheet-like fabrics are laminated, and a thin air layer is formed between thin sheet-like fabrics. There are many layers, and it is thought that by firing this, it was possible to obtain a unique texture similar to that of traditional kiln baked naan.
In this step, the method for stretching and forming the dough into a sheet shape is not particularly limited, and it may be formed into a sheet shape using a rolling pin on a hard table, or a commercially available sheeter may be used.

<(D) Firing step>
In the step (D), the dough having a plurality of thin layers that are folded and stretched is divided into a predetermined size and then baked in an oven through final fermentation.
In step (C), the dough is finally made into a sheet having a thickness of 5 to 20 mm, then the dough is divided and formed into a desired shape, and after final fermentation, it is baked in an oven that is a general-purpose baking apparatus. To do.
The sheet-shaped Nan dough may be shaped into a traditional triangle shape, a triangle with a base of about 5-10 cm and a height of about 10-20 cm. When using for the above, you may shape | mold in the stick form of width 1-3cm and length 8-15cm.

The temperature, humidity, and fermentation time in the final fermentation of the dough after molding into a predetermined shape can be appropriately set according to the type of yeast to be used, the composition of the dough, the capacity (size) after division, etc. The normal temperature is preferably about 20 to 35 ° C, more preferably 26 to 28 ° C. The humidity is preferably about 60 to 90%, more preferably 65 to 75%. The fermentation time is preferably about 30 to 60 minutes.
Here, although the expansion ratio of Nan dough by fermentation is not limited, it may be about 1.5 to 2 times the volume of the dough before fermentation. Although the pH of the dough at the end of fermentation is not particularly limited, it is usually preferably in the range of 5.2 to 5.4, and the temperature at the center of the dough is preferably about 26 to 30 ° C, more preferably 27 to 29. ° C.

The conditions relating to the firing are preferably a firing at a high temperature for a short time from the viewpoint of reproducing the stickiness peculiar to kiln baked naan and realizing the goodness of pulling. Specifically, for example, It is preferable that the temperature is set to 240 to 400 ° C. and the firing time is 1 to 4 minutes. Usually, baking such as bread is performed in an oven at around 200 ° C. for 30 to 35 minutes, but by baking for a short time at a high temperature, the central part is coherent with the composition of the layered fabric. Nan, which has a refreshing and good texture, can be produced using a commonly used general-purpose oven without using a traditional baking pot .

EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. In the following examples, “part” means “part by mass” unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
<(A) Preparation of Nan dough>
100 parts (100 kg) of wheat flour (strong bread flour), 1.7 parts of dry yeast, 50 parts of water, 1 part of salt, fats and oils (mixed at a ratio of 0.5 part of rapeseed oil and 1 part of shortening) 1.5 parts Then, 0.2 part of a thickener (guar gum) was put in a mixer and mixed under conditions of a low speed (40 rpm) for 3 minutes and a high speed (80 rpm) for 10 minutes.
The environment for preparing the dough was a temperature of 24 ° C. and a humidity of 65% RH. The temperature at the center of the dough at the end of mixing was 28 ° C. The temperature was measured using a commercially available thermometer by inserting the sensor part into the middle part of the middle seed dough.

<(B) Dough fermentation process>
Next, the prepared dough was stored at a temperature of 28 ° C. for 1 hour for fermentation. The expansion ratio of the dough due to fermentation as seen with the naked eye was twice. The temperature at the center of the dough at the end of the fermentation was 29 ° C.

<(C) Fabric layer folding process>
The fermented dough was formed into a sheet with a sheeter thickness of 3 mm, and then the sheet was folded into 6 layers, which were further stretched with a sheeter to form a sheet with a thickness of 2.5 mm. This dough was folded again into 6 layers and left in that state for 5 minutes. Then, it compressed with the sheeter and obtained the sheet-like material | dough of thickness 15mm.

<(D) Firing step>
The dough with a thickness of 15 mm was cut into a width of 20 mm and a length of 120 mm with a cutter.
The cut dough was placed in a fermentation chamber at a temperature of 28 ° C. and a humidity of 65% RH for 30 minutes for final fermentation. The expansion ratio of Nan dough by fermentation, which was recognized by the naked eye, was twice. The temperature at the center of the dough at the end of the fermentation was 27 ° C.
After completion of the fermentation, the nan of Example 1 was obtained by baking in an oven at 300 ° C. for 3 minutes.

<Food texture test>
Using the Nan of Example 1 obtained by the method of the present invention, a texture questionnaire by tasting was conducted.
As a target, (C) A kiln fired at 350 ° C. for 45 seconds by sticking Nan fabric obtained in the same manner except that the layer folding process was not performed to the wall surface of a traditional Nan clay pot Baked Nan (Comparative Example 1), (C) Nan obtained in the same manner except that the layer folding step was not performed, and Nan obtained by baking in an oven at 200 ° C. for 30 minutes (Comparative Example 1) Was used.

The questionnaire method was to have 30 questionnaire subjects actually sample the Nan of Example 1 and the Nan of Control Example 1 to determine which taste they prefer, and whether the taste is “existence of stickiness”, “ The “existence of crispness” was assigned to each texture with a five-level evaluation of “yes”, “somewhat”, “normal”, “somewhat not” and “no”.
Moreover, the same questionnaire subject was made to actually sample the Nan of Example 1 and the Nan of Comparative Example 1, and evaluated by the same method as described above. In addition, as for the 2 nans for tasting, both were further cut into 20 mm × 100 mm after baking and plain wrapping so that it was difficult to distinguish by appearance.

The questionnaire was conducted on a total of 30 men and women in their 20s and 50s, and after the tasting, the interview was conducted immediately.
As a result, about the preference of Example 1 and Control Example 1, which is Nan burned in a traditional kettle, 9 people who liked Example 1, 15 people who answered that neither could be said, and Control Example 1 There were no significant differences in taste among the six respondents who liked it.
Moreover, about the preference of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, 18 people who liked Example 1, 8 people who responded that neither could be said, 4 people who responded that they preferred Control Example 1, As for the naan baked in the oven, the majority of the naan obtained by the method of the present invention obtained support.
In addition, the evaluation results for the sticky feeling and the crisp feeling are shown in Table 1 below.

From the results in Table 1, it can be seen that the naan of Example 1 obtained by the method of the present invention provides a texture that is similar to a traditional kiln baked naan such as a tight feeling and a crispy feeling.
On the other hand, even if the same dough is used, the Nan of Comparative Example 1 fired under general firing conditions without performing the characteristic dough layer folding step of the present invention has a feeling of stickiness compared to Example 1, It turned out to be inferior to any of the crispness.

Claims (5)

(A) A dough preparation step for preparing a dough by mixing flour, yeast, fats and water, (B) a dough fermentation step for fermenting the dough, and (C) stretching the fermented dough into a sheet shape Thereafter, the sheet-like fabric is folded into a plurality of layers to obtain a folded fabric of a plurality of layers, and then a fabric layer folding step for further stretching the sheet into a sheet shape; (D) And a baking step of baking in an oven after final fermentation after dividing into sizes.   The method for producing naan according to claim 1, wherein the dough layer folding step is repeated a plurality of times, and then the baking step is performed.   The method for producing naan according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the yeast used in the dough fermentation step is natural yeast.   The method for producing naan according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the flour used in the dough fermentation step is a strong flour.   5. The method for producing naan according to claim 1, wherein in the baking step, baking is performed in an oven in a temperature range of 240 ° C. to 400 ° C. for 1 minute to 4 minutes.