JP4535638B2 - Laminated glass separation and recovery method - Google Patents

Laminated glass separation and recovery method Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4535638B2
JP4535638B2 JP2001133269A JP2001133269A JP4535638B2 JP 4535638 B2 JP4535638 B2 JP 4535638B2 JP 2001133269 A JP2001133269 A JP 2001133269A JP 2001133269 A JP2001133269 A JP 2001133269A JP 4535638 B2 JP4535638 B2 JP 4535638B2
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Prior art keywords
glass
intermediate film
laminated glass
separation
decompression chamber
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JP2002326848A (en
Inventor
博文 木村
一郎 石橋
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/52Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

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  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は自動車のフロントガラス等に用いる合せガラスの分離回収方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
自動車のフロントガラスや建築物の窓ガラスとして合せガラスが用いられている。この合せガラスは外側ガラス(例えば強化ガラス)と内側ガラス(例えば紫外線吸収ガラス)とを中間膜(例えばポリビニルブチラール)にて接合一体化したものである。
【0003】
廃車などの際の資源の有効利用を考えた場合、ガラス(外側ガラスと内側ガラス)と樹脂(中間膜)とを分離回収する必要がある。しかしながら、ガラスを細かく破砕しても中間膜は破砕することはできず、中間膜に細かなガラス片が強固に接合されたままとなり簡単には分離できない。
【0004】
そこで、ポリビニルブチラールの性質、即ち、水に接触すると水を吸って膨潤し接合力が極めて弱くなる性質を利用して分離する技術が特開昭51−46308号公報或いは特開平7−17746号公報に開示される技術が提案されている。
【0005】
特開昭51−46308号公報には、合せガラスに割目を入れた後、水に浸漬するなどして中間膜を膨潤せしめた後、外力を加えて中間膜とガラス片とを分離することが開示され、特開平7−17746号公報には、中間膜を膨潤せしめた後、合せガラスの片側に吸引装置を配置し、強制的に中間膜表面に付着しているガラス片を剥離することが開示されている。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
合せガラスを製造する際には、間に空気が入らないように減圧した状態で中間膜とガラスとを合わせる。したがって、合せガラスを破砕して細かなガラス片とした状態でも図3に示すようにガラス片と中間膜との間は吸着状態となっているため、特開昭51−46308号公報のように単純に中間膜を膨潤させただけでは中間膜に付着したまま残ってしまうガラス片がある。
【0007】
一方、特開平7−17746号公報のように強制的にガラス片を吸引除去する方法にあっては、吸引口よりもガラス片が大きかったり、吸引口にガラス片がかかったりすると、吸引力によってガラス片が中間膜に入り込み接合力が却って強固になってしまうことがある。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するため本発明に係る合せガラスの分離回収方法は、中間膜を介して接合されている合せガラスを破砕し、次いで前記中間膜を含水せしめて膨潤させ、この後ガラスの破片が付着している膨潤した前記中間膜を減圧室に送り込み、この減圧室を出た後若しくは減圧室内で中間膜とガラスの破片とを分離し回収する構成とした。
【0009】
中間膜からガラスの破片を効果的に分離するには、中間膜の一部を掃除機のような減圧手段にて吸引するのではなく、中間膜全体を一定の減圧雰囲気内にセットすることが必要となる。
【0010】
また、極端な減圧雰囲気下に置くと却って中間膜とガラスの破片との密着力が増すため、減圧室内の圧力は−2〜3kg/cm(1気圧よりも〜3kg/cmだけ負圧)とするのが好ましい。
【0011】
また、本発明に係る合せガラスの分離回収システムは、中間膜を介して接合されている合せガラスを破砕する破砕装置と、破砕されたガラス片が付着している中間膜を膨潤させる水槽若しくは蒸気室と、膨潤した中間膜を減圧雰囲気で所定時間保持する減圧室と、この減圧室の下流側または減圧室内に配置され、減圧処理された中間膜からガラス片を分離する分離装置とを備えている。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に本発明の実施の形態を添付図面に基づいて説明する。図1は本発明に係る合せガラスの分離回収方法を適用したシステムの全体図であり、分離回収システム1は合せガラスGを破砕する破砕装置10の下流側に水槽20を連続して配置し、この水槽20の下流側に減圧室30を連続して配置し、この減圧室30の下流側に分離回収装置40を配置している。尚、破砕装置10の近傍にはストッカー2を配置している。
【0013】
破砕装置10は送りローラ11の終端に一対の破砕ローラ12,12を配置している。この破砕ローラ12は表面にスパイク状の突起13を千鳥状に多数植設してなり、破砕ローラ12,12間に送り込まれた合せガラスGを細かく破砕する。尚、中間膜Pは破砕されないので、中間膜Pの表面に破砕された多数のガラス片が付着した状態になる。
【0014】
また、中間膜Pの下面に付着しているガラス片の一部は重力によって分離するため、このガラス片をダクト状のガイド14を介して破砕装置の底部に配置したボックス15に回収するようにしている。
【0015】
破砕装置10に隣接する水槽20内には多数のパレット21が配置され、これらパレット21はチェーン22を駆動することで水槽20内を循環する。水槽20内には常温水若しくは温水を供給している。常温水(0〜20℃)の場合には水槽内に24時間合せガラスWを浸漬しておく必要があるが、温水(80℃)の場合には約1時間で十分に中間膜が膨潤する。したがって、水の温度に応じてパレット21の移動速度を調整する。
なお、図示例では水槽を挙げたが、蒸気室或いはミスト室を用いることも可能である。
【0016】
前記水槽20に隣接する減圧室30内の上部には送りローラ31を設け、底部には搬送中に中間膜Pの下面から落下するガラス片を回収するボックス32を配置し、さらに減圧室30は図示しない真空ポンプなどにつながり、内部の圧力を1気圧よりも2〜3kg/cm2だけ負圧に設定している。
【0017】
また、減圧室30の下流側に隣接して配置される分離回収装置40は、第1の搬送路41と第2の搬送路42を備え、第1の搬送路41は基台43上にスプリング44を介して下流側が若干下方に傾斜するように支持されるとともに、図示しない加振装置に連結し、更に搬送面を金網などのメッシュ材45にて構成している。
【0018】
一方、第2の搬送路42は第1の搬送路41の下流端の下方に配置され、基台46上に上流側が下方に傾斜するように支持されるとともに、図示しない加振装置に連結し、更に搬送面を金網などのメッシュ材47にて構成している。
【0019】
而して、減圧室30から第1の搬送路41のメッシュ材45上に送り出された合せガラスWは振動により徐々に下流側に移動するとともに、中間膜Pの下面に残っているガラス片は下方に振い落され、ガイド48を介してボックス49内に回収される。また、第1の搬送路41から第2の搬送路42に移る際に合せガラスWは反転し、反転して下面となった面に付着していたガラス片がメッシュ材47を通してボックス50内に回収される。また、ガラス片が剥離した中間膜Pはボックス51に回収される。
【0020】
図2は別実施例を示す図1と同様の図であり、この実施例にあっては減圧室30内に分離回収装置40を配置することで、分離回収システム全体をコンパクトなものにしている。
【0021】
【発明の効果】
以上に説明したように本発明によれば、合せガラスを破砕して中間膜とガラスとを分離回収するにあたり、破砕後に減圧室にガラス片が付着した中間膜を送り込むようにしたので、ガラス片と中間膜とが気密に密着している状態を解除でき、容易に中間膜からガラス片を剥離することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明を適用した合せガラスの分離回収システムの全体図
【図2】別実施例を示す図1と同様の図
【図3】中間膜にガラスの破片が付着している状態を説明した図
【符号の説明】
1…分離回収システム、2…ストッカー、10…破砕装置、11…送りローラ、12…破砕ローラ、13…突起、14…ガイド、15…回収ボックス、20…水槽、21…パレット、22…チェーン、30…減圧室、31…送りローラ、32…回収ボックス、40…分離回収装置、41…第1の搬送路、42…第2の搬送路、43…基台、44…スプリング、45…メッシュ材、46…基台、47…メッシュ材、49,50…回収ボックス、G…合せガラス、P…中間膜。
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for separating and collecting laminated glass used for a windshield of an automobile.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Laminated glass is used as a windshield for automobiles and window glass for buildings. This laminated glass is obtained by joining and integrating an outer glass (for example, tempered glass) and an inner glass (for example, ultraviolet absorbing glass) with an intermediate film (for example, polyvinyl butyral).
[0003]
When considering the effective use of resources at the time of scrap cars, it is necessary to separate and recover glass (outer glass and inner glass) and resin (intermediate film). However, even if the glass is crushed finely, the intermediate film cannot be crushed, and fine glass pieces remain firmly joined to the intermediate film and cannot be easily separated.
[0004]
Therefore, a technique for separating using the property of polyvinyl butyral, that is, the property of absorbing and swelling when it comes into contact with water and the bonding force becomes extremely weak is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 51-46308 or Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-17746. Has been proposed.
[0005]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 51-46308 discloses that an interlayer film is swelled by immersing it in water after being split in a laminated glass, and then applying an external force to separate the interlayer film from the glass piece. JP-A-7-17746 discloses that after the interlayer film is swollen, a suction device is arranged on one side of the laminated glass to forcibly peel off the glass piece adhering to the interlayer film surface. Is disclosed.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
When producing a laminated glass, the interlayer film and the glass are combined in a state where the pressure is reduced so that air does not enter between them. Therefore, even when the laminated glass is crushed into fine glass pieces, as shown in FIG. 3, since the glass pieces and the intermediate film are in an adsorbed state, as disclosed in JP-A-51-46308. There is a glass piece that remains attached to the intermediate film simply by swelling the intermediate film.
[0007]
On the other hand, in the method of forcibly removing a glass piece as disclosed in JP-A-7-17746, if the glass piece is larger than the suction port or the glass piece is applied to the suction port, The glass piece may enter the intermediate film and the bonding force may be strengthened instead.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the method for separating and recovering laminated glass according to the present invention crushes laminated glass joined via an intermediate film, then hydrates and swells the intermediate film, and glass fragments thereafter. The adhering swollen interlayer film is fed into a decompression chamber, and after leaving the decompression chamber or in the decompression chamber, the interlayer film and glass fragments are separated and recovered.
[0009]
In order to effectively separate glass fragments from the interlayer film, the entire interlayer film should be set in a constant reduced-pressure atmosphere, rather than sucking a part of the interlayer film with a vacuum means such as a vacuum cleaner. Necessary.
[0010]
Moreover, due to the increased rather when placed under extreme pressure atmosphere adhesion between pieces of the intermediate film and the glass, the pressure in the vacuum chamber -2~ - 3kg / cm 2 (only 2 ~3kg / cm 2 than 1 atmosphere Negative pressure) is preferable.
[0011]
In addition, the laminated glass separation and recovery system according to the present invention includes a crushing device that crushes laminated glass joined via an intermediate film, and a water tank or steam that swells the intermediate film to which the crushed glass pieces are attached. A decompression chamber that holds the swollen interlayer film in a decompressed atmosphere for a predetermined time; and a separation device that is disposed downstream of the decompression chamber or in the decompression chamber and separates the glass pieces from the decompressed interlayer film. Yes.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall view of a system to which the method for separating and collecting laminated glass according to the present invention is applied. The separation and collecting system 1 continuously arranges a water tank 20 on the downstream side of a crushing device 10 for crushing laminated glass G, The decompression chamber 30 is continuously arranged on the downstream side of the water tank 20, and the separation and recovery device 40 is arranged on the downstream side of the decompression chamber 30. A stocker 2 is disposed in the vicinity of the crushing device 10.
[0013]
In the crushing device 10, a pair of crushing rollers 12, 12 are arranged at the end of the feed roller 11. The crushing roller 12 has a large number of spike-like projections 13 planted in a staggered pattern on the surface, and crushes the laminated glass G fed between the crushing rollers 12 and 12 finely. Since the intermediate film P is not crushed, a large number of crushed glass pieces are attached to the surface of the intermediate film P.
[0014]
Further, since a part of the glass piece adhering to the lower surface of the intermediate film P is separated by gravity, the glass piece is collected in the box 15 disposed at the bottom of the crushing device via the duct-shaped guide 14. ing.
[0015]
A number of pallets 21 are arranged in the water tank 20 adjacent to the crushing apparatus 10, and these pallets 21 circulate in the water tank 20 by driving a chain 22. Normal temperature water or warm water is supplied into the water tank 20. In the case of room temperature water (0 to 20 ° C.), it is necessary to immerse the laminated glass W in the water tank for 24 hours, but in the case of warm water (80 ° C.), the intermediate film swells sufficiently in about 1 hour. . Therefore, the moving speed of the pallet 21 is adjusted according to the temperature of water.
In addition, although the water tank was mentioned in the example of illustration, a steam chamber or a mist chamber can also be used.
[0016]
A feed roller 31 is provided in the upper part of the decompression chamber 30 adjacent to the water tank 20, and a box 32 for collecting a glass piece falling from the lower surface of the intermediate film P during transportation is disposed at the bottom. Connected to a vacuum pump (not shown), the internal pressure is set to a negative pressure of 2 to 3 kg / cm 2 rather than 1 atmosphere.
[0017]
The separation / recovery device 40 disposed adjacent to the downstream side of the decompression chamber 30 includes a first transport path 41 and a second transport path 42, and the first transport path 41 is a spring on the base 43. The downstream side is supported so as to be slightly inclined downward via 44, connected to a vibration device (not shown), and the conveying surface is constituted by a mesh material 45 such as a wire mesh.
[0018]
On the other hand, the second conveyance path 42 is disposed below the downstream end of the first conveyance path 41 and is supported on the base 46 so that the upstream side is inclined downward, and is connected to a vibration device (not shown). Further, the conveying surface is constituted by a mesh material 47 such as a wire mesh.
[0019]
Thus, the laminated glass W fed from the decompression chamber 30 onto the mesh material 45 of the first transport path 41 gradually moves to the downstream side by vibration, and the glass pieces remaining on the lower surface of the intermediate film P are It is shaken down and collected in the box 49 via the guide 48. Further, when moving from the first transport path 41 to the second transport path 42, the laminated glass W is reversed, and the glass pieces attached to the surface that is reversed and becomes the lower surface pass through the mesh material 47 into the box 50. Collected. Further, the intermediate film P from which the glass piece has been peeled is collected in the box 51.
[0020]
FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 showing another embodiment. In this embodiment, the separation / recovery system 40 is made compact by disposing the separation / recovery device 40 in the decompression chamber 30. .
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, when the laminated glass is crushed and the intermediate film and the glass are separated and recovered, the intermediate film with the glass piece adhered to the decompression chamber after crushing is sent. And the intermediate film can be released from the airtight state, and the glass piece can be easily peeled from the intermediate film.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall view of a laminated glass separation and recovery system to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 showing another embodiment. FIG. 3 shows a state in which glass fragments adhere to an intermediate film. Figure explained [Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Separation | collection collection system, 2 ... Stocker, 10 ... Crushing device, 11 ... Feed roller, 12 ... Crushing roller, 13 ... Protrusion, 14 ... Guide, 15 ... Collection box, 20 ... Water tank, 21 ... Pallet, 22 ... Chain, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 30 ... Decompression chamber, 31 ... Feed roller, 32 ... Collection | recovery box, 40 ... Separation collection device, 41 ... 1st conveyance path, 42 ... 2nd conveyance path, 43 ... Base, 44 ... Spring, 45 ... Mesh material 46 ... Base, 47 ... Mesh material, 49, 50 ... Collection box, G ... Laminated glass, P ... Intermediate film.

Claims (2)

中間膜を介して接合されている合せガラスを破砕し、次いで前記中間膜を含水せしめて膨潤させ、この後ガラスの破片が付着している膨潤した前記中間膜を減圧室に送り込み、この減圧室を出た後若しくは減圧室内で、膨潤した中間層とガラスの破片とが気密に密着している状態を解除させ、中間膜とガラスの破片とを分離し回収することを特徴とする合せガラスの分離回収方法。The laminated glass bonded through the intermediate film is crushed, then the intermediate film is hydrated and swollen, and then the swelled intermediate film to which glass fragments are attached is sent to the decompression chamber. Of the laminated glass characterized by releasing the state in which the swollen intermediate layer and the glass fragments are in an airtight manner after leaving the glass or in a vacuum chamber, and separating and collecting the intermediate film and the glass fragments. Separation and recovery method. 請求項1に記載の合せガラスの分離回収方法において、前記減圧室内の圧力を−2〜3kg/cmとしたことを特徴とする合せガラスの分離回収方法。In the separation and recovery method of the laminated glass according to claim 1, -2 and pressure of the decompression chamber - 3 kg / cm 2 and then a method of separating and recovering laminated glass, characterized in that the.
JP2001133269A 2001-04-27 2001-04-27 Laminated glass separation and recovery method Expired - Fee Related JP4535638B2 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112060412A (en) * 2020-08-14 2020-12-11 黄格 Full-automatic laminated glass separation system

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0717747A (en) * 1993-06-30 1995-01-20 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Separation of middle layer of laminated glass from glass
JPH09124757A (en) * 1995-10-31 1997-05-13 Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd Forming method for novolak phenol resin

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0717747A (en) * 1993-06-30 1995-01-20 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Separation of middle layer of laminated glass from glass
JPH09124757A (en) * 1995-10-31 1997-05-13 Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd Forming method for novolak phenol resin

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