JP4532451B2 - Engine starter - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a starting device for an engine mounted on a vehicle.

  A pinion member provided on the rotating shaft of the starter motor is moved to the flywheel side via a shift lever that is swung by a magnetic switch, and the outer teeth of the pinion member are provided on the outer periphery of the flywheel; In an engine starter that drives an engine by driving a starter motor in a meshed state, as described in Patent Document 1, an overrunning one-way operation is performed between a rotation shaft of the starter motor and a pinion member. A clutch is incorporated to transmit rotation from the rotating shaft to the pinion member, and when the rotation speed of the ring gear exceeds the rotation speed of the pinion member, the rotation transmission from the ring gear to the pinion member is cut off. .

JP 2002-98031 A

  By the way, in the engine starting device described in Patent Document 1, when the pinion member is engaged with the ring gear, the one-way clutch is moved in the axial direction together with the pinion member. The movable member has a large mass and requires a large capacity magnetic switch.

  Further, when the pinion member is engaged with the ring gear, when the pinion member collides with the end face of the ring gear, there is a disadvantage that a large impact is generated by a large mass and a large collision sound is generated.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an engine starting device that can use a magnetic switch having a small capacity and can reduce noise during cranking.

  In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, the pinion member provided on the rotating shaft of the starting motor is moved to the flywheel side via a shift lever that is oscillated by a magnetic switch or moved parallel to the rotating shaft. The starter motor is driven in a state where the external teeth of the pinion member mesh with the gear provided on the outer peripheral portion of the flywheel, and the rotation of the rotating shaft of the starter motor is performed via an overrunning one-way clutch. In the engine starting device that transmits to the pinion member and rotates the flywheel, the pinion member has a cylindrical shape, and the pinion member is spline-fitted to the outer periphery of the outer ring of the one-way clutch to prevent the outer ring from rotating And the structure which was movable in the axial direction was adopted.

  Here, the one-way clutch has an inner ring that is prevented from rotating around the rotation shaft of the starter motor, and an outer ring that is provided outside the inner ring. A cylindrical surface is formed on the inner circumference of the outer ring, and A plurality of cam surfaces in which one end in the circumferential direction forms a narrow wedge-shaped space between the cylindrical surfaces and a cylindrical surface continuous to the small diameter end of each cam surface are provided, and between each cam surface and the outer ring cylindrical surface. The assembled roller is held by a cage, and the cage is urged by a switch spring in a direction in which the roller is disposed between the outer ring cylindrical surface and the inner ring cylindrical surface, and the pinion member is axially aligned with the end surface of the outer ring. An opposing flange is provided, an armature that is movable only in the axial direction with respect to the retainer is provided between the flange and the outer ring end face, and the end face of the outer ring is provided by a separation spring that is incorporated between the armature and the retainer. Energize in the direction away from When the configuration is adopted, the inner ring can be idle in both directions in the neutral state where the roller is disposed between the outer ring cylindrical surface and the inner ring cylindrical surface. It can also be used for machine drive.

  In the engine starter that employs the one-way clutch as described above, when the motor runs idle, centrifugal force acts on the roller that rotates with the inner ring, the roller contacts the cylindrical surface of the outer ring, and drag torque is applied to the outer ring. There is a possibility that the outer ring and the pinion member are rotated together. Here, when the pinion member rotates, when the pinion member is moved to the flywheel side and the external teeth are meshed with the gear of the flywheel, the meshing cannot be smoothly performed.

  Therefore, by providing a frictional resistance imparting means for imparting rotational resistance to the pinion member between the bifurcated portion provided at one end of the shift lever and the engaging portion of the engaging groove formed on the outer periphery of the pinion member, the engine is started. It is possible to prevent the outer ring and the pinion member from rotating around when the motor is idling, and the outer teeth of the pinion member can be smoothly meshed with the gear of the flywheel by the movement of the pinion member in the axial direction.

  As the friction resistance applying means, a pinion with a simple configuration can be obtained by incorporating a washer between the bifurcated portion of the shift lever translated in the axial direction of the rotating shaft and the axial engaging portion of the engaging groove of the pinion member. A rotational resistance can be imparted to the member.

  As described above, a cylindrical pinion member is spline-fitted to the outer periphery of the outer ring of the one-way clutch to prevent it from rotating around the outer ring, and is movable in the axial direction. It is only necessary to move the pinion member toward the flywheel. Compared with the conventional engine starter that moves the one-way clutch together, the mass of the movable member is small, and the capacity of the magnetic switch is small. Small ones can be used.

  Also, when the pinion member is moved to the flywheel side by the magnetic switch and the external teeth mesh with the gear, even if the pinion member collides with the end face of the flywheel, the mass is small and the collision sound is also small. Noise reduction during cranking can be achieved.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a one-way clutch 10 is provided on the rotating shaft 2 of the starting motor 1.

  The one-way clutch 10 has an inner ring 11 fitted to the rotating shaft 2 of the starting motor 1 and an outer ring 12 provided outside the inner ring 11, and the inner ring 11 rotates around the rotating shaft 2 by a spline 13. It is stopped and rotates together with the rotating shaft 2.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the outer ring 12 is rotatable relative to the inner ring 11 via a bearing 14 incorporated in one end portion thereof, and a cylindrical surface 15 is formed on the inner periphery thereof. Yes. On the other hand, on the outer periphery of the inner ring 11, a plurality of cam surfaces 16 in which one end in the circumferential direction forms a narrow wedge-shaped space between the outer ring 12 and the cylindrical surface 15, and a cylinder continuous to the small diameter end of each cam surface 16. The surface 17 is provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

  A retainer 18 is incorporated between the inner ring 11 and the outer ring 12, and an inward flange 19 formed at one end of the retainer 18 is freely rotatable to a small diameter cylindrical portion 11 a formed at one end of the inner ring 11. Is prevented from moving in the axial direction by the retaining ring 20 attached to the outer periphery of the small-diameter cylindrical portion 11a and the shoulder portion 11b at one end of the inner ring 11.

  A pocket 21 is formed in the cage 18 at a position facing each cam surface 16 of the inner ring 11, and a roller 22 is incorporated in each pocket 21. The roller 22 engages with the cylindrical surface 15 and the cam surface 16 when the inner ring 11 and the cage 18 are relatively rotated in one direction, and transmits the rotation of the inner ring 11 to the outer ring 12.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a small-diameter cylindrical portion 11c is formed at the other end of the inner ring 11, and a spring accommodating recess 23 is provided in a shoulder 11d formed at the base of the small-diameter cylindrical portion 11c. A switch spring 24 is incorporated in 23.

As shown in FIG. 3, the switch spring 24 is partially cut off in the circumferential direction, and a pair of pressing pieces 24 a formed outward from both ends thereof are cut out portions formed on the peripheral wall of the spring accommodating recess 23. 25 is inserted into a notch 26 provided at the other end of the retainer 18, and the opposite end surfaces in the circumferential direction of the notch 25 and the notch 26 are pressed in opposite directions. As shown, the cage 18 is elastically held in a neutral state where the roller 22 is positioned between the outer ring cylindrical surface 15 and the inner ring cylindrical surface 17.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a cylindrical pinion member 30 is fitted to the outside of the outer ring 12 of the one-way clutch 10. The pinion member 30 is fitted to the outer ring 12 by a spline 31, is prevented from rotating on the outer ring 12, and is movable in the axial direction.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, external teeth 34 that can mesh with a gear 33 provided on the outer peripheral portion of the flywheel 32 are formed on the outer periphery of one end portion of the pinion member 30. The flywheel 32 is provided at the end of a crankshaft (not shown), and the engine is started by rotating the flywheel 32.

  In addition, a circumferential engagement groove 35 is formed on the outer periphery of the other end of the pinion member 30, and a pair of pins 37 provided in the bifurcated portion 36 a at one end of the shift lever 36 are fitted into the engagement groove 35. ing.

  Here, the shift lever 36 is supported so as to be swingable around a fulcrum pin 38 provided at the center in the length direction, and is swinged by a magnetic switch 39 connected to the other end. ing.

  In the embodiment, the shift lever 36 is swingably supported. However, the shift lever 36 is supported so as to be movable in parallel with the rotation shaft 2 of the starter motor 1 and is translated in the axial direction of the rotation shaft 2 by the magnetic switch 39. It may be.

  As shown in FIG. 2, an inward flange 40 that is axially opposed to the end surface of the outer ring 12 is provided at the other end of the pinion member 30, and an armature 41 is incorporated between the flange 40 and the end surface of the outer ring 12. It is.

  The armature 41 is slidably fitted to the small-diameter cylindrical portion 11 c at the other end of the inner ring 11 so as to be movable only in the axial direction with respect to the retainer 18, and a separation spring 42 incorporated between the armature 41 and the retainer 18. Urges the armature 41 in a direction away from the end face of the outer ring 12.

  The engine starter shown in the embodiment has the above-described structure, and when starting the engine, the shift lever 36 is swung by the magnetic switch 39 and the pinion is engaged with the pin 37 and the engagement groove 35 in the axial direction. The starting motor 1 is driven in a state where the member 30 is moved toward the flywheel 32 and the external teeth 34 of the pinion member 30 mesh with the gear 33 of the flywheel 32.

  Here, when the pinion member 30 moves toward the flywheel 32, the flange 40 formed on the pinion member 30 presses the armature 41, and the armature 41 moves toward the end surface of the outer ring 12 by the pressing.

  As shown in FIG. 7, when the pinion member 30 moves to a position where the external teeth 34 of the pinion member 30 mesh with the gear 33 of the flywheel 32, the armature 41 is pressed against the end face of the outer ring 12.

  When the starting motor 1 is driven in this state and the rotary shaft 2 rotates, the frictional resistance acting on the end face of the outer ring 12 and the abutting surface of the armature 41 becomes the rotational resistance of the cage 18, As shown in FIG. 8, the inner ring 11 that rotates integrally with the rotary shaft 2 rotates relatively, and the roller 22 engages with the cylindrical surface 15 of the outer ring 12 and the cam surface 16 of the inner ring 11.

  For this reason, the rotation of the inner ring 11 is transmitted to the outer ring 12 via the roller 22 and is transmitted from the outer ring 12 to the pinion member 30 to rotate the flywheel 32 and the engine is started.

  After the engine is started, when the rotational speed of the flywheel 32 exceeds the rotational speed of the inner ring 11 that rotates integrally with the rotary shaft 2, the outer ring 12 overruns and rotation is not transmitted from the outer ring 12 to the inner ring 11. .

  Here, when the inner ring 11 rotates relative to the cage 18 and the roller 22 engages with the cylindrical surface 15 and the cam surface 16, the switch spring 24 shown in FIG. 3 is elastically deformed. For this reason, the operation of the magnetic switch 39 returns the pinion member 30 via the shift lever 36 to the position where the meshing is released from the gear 33 of the flywheel 32 as shown in FIG. When the armature 41 is separated from the end surface of the outer ring 12, the retainer 18 is rotated by the restoring elasticity of the switch spring 24, and the roller 22 is interposed between the outer ring cylindrical surface 15 and the cylindrical surface 17 of the inner ring 11 as shown in FIG. 6. Return to the neutral position.

  For this reason, even if the starting motor 1 is held in a rotating state, the one-way clutch 10 is not brought into an engaged state by the rotation.

  As described above, when the one-way clutch is held in the neutral position, the one-way clutch is idled in both directions. 1 can be used not only for starting the engine but also for driving auxiliary equipment.

  In the engine starting device shown in the embodiment, as described above, the cylindrical pinion member 30 is spline fitted to the outer periphery of the outer ring 12 of the one-way clutch 10 to prevent the outer ring 12 from rotating, and in the axial direction. Since it is movable, the magnetic switch 39 only needs to move the pinion member 30 toward the flywheel 32 when starting the engine. Therefore, the mass of the movable member is smaller than that of the above-described conventional engine starter that moves the one-way clutch together, and a small-sized magnetic switch 39 having a small capacity can be used.

  Further, when the pinion member 30 is moved to the flywheel 32 side by the magnetic switch 39 and the external teeth 34 are engaged with the gear 33, even if the pinion member 30 collides with the end surface of the flywheel 32, the mass is small. The impact noise is also small and the noise during cranking can be reduced.

  Here, in the engine starter employing the one-way clutch as described above, when the starter motor 1 is idled, centrifugal force acts on the roller 22 that rotates together with the inner ring 11, and the roller is applied to the cylindrical surface 15 of the outer ring 12. There is a possibility that the outer ring 12 and the pinion member 30 are rotated around when the outer ring 12 contacts and the drag torque acts on the outer ring 12. When the pinion member 30 is rotated, when the pinion member 30 is moved to the flywheel 32 side and the external teeth 34 are engaged with the gear 33 of the flywheel 32, the engagement is not possible smoothly.

  Therefore, in FIG. 9, the bifurcated portion 36 a of the shift lever 36 that is translated in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 2 of the starter motor 1 is fitted into the engaging groove 35 of the pinion member 30, and the friction resistance is between the fitting portions. A washer 43 as an imparting means is incorporated, and rotational resistance is imparted to the pinion member 30 by frictional resistance due to contact with the washer 43.

  As described above, by applying rotational resistance to the pinion member 30, it is possible to prevent the outer ring 12 and the pinion member 30 from rotating around when the starter motor 1 is idling, and by the axial movement of the pinion member 30. The outer teeth 34 of the pinion member 30 can be smoothly meshed with the gear 33 of the flywheel 32.

Vertical front view showing an embodiment of an engine starter according to the present invention Cross-sectional plan view of the one-way clutch shown in FIG. Sectional view along line III-III in FIG. Sectional view along line IV-IV in FIG. Sectional drawing which expands and shows a part of FIG. Sectional view along line VI-VI in FIG. Sectional drawing which shows the engagement state of a one way clutch Sectional view along line VIII-VIII in FIG. Sectional drawing which shows an example of the frictional resistance provision means which provides rotational resistance to an outer ring | wheel

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Start motor 2 Rotating shaft 10 One-way clutch 11 Inner ring 12 Outer ring 15 Cylindrical surface 16 Cam surface 17 Cylindrical surface 18 Cage 22 Roller 24 Switch spring 30 Pinion member 32 Flywheel 33 Gear 35 Engaging groove 36 Shift lever 36a Bifurcated part 39 Magnetic switch 40 Flange 41 Armature 42 Release spring 43 Washer

Claims (4)

A pinion member provided on the rotating shaft of the starter motor is moved to the flywheel side through a shift lever that is oscillated by a magnetic switch or moved parallel to the rotating shaft, and the external teeth of the pinion member are moved to the flywheel. The starter motor is driven in a state of meshing with the gear provided on the outer peripheral portion, and the rotation of the rotation shaft of the starter motor is transmitted to the pinion member via the overrunning one-way clutch so as to rotate the flywheel. Engine starter
An engine starter characterized in that the pinion member has a cylindrical shape, the pinion member is spline-fitted to the outer periphery of the outer ring of the one-way clutch to prevent the pinion member from rotating around the outer ring, and is movable in the axial direction.   The one-way clutch has an inner ring that is prevented from rotating around the rotating shaft of the starter motor, and an outer ring that is provided outside the inner ring. A cylindrical surface is formed on the inner periphery of the outer ring, and the cylinder is formed on the outer periphery of the inner ring. A plurality of cam surfaces that form a narrow wedge-shaped space with one end in the circumferential direction between them and a cylindrical surface that continues to the small-diameter end of each cam surface are provided between each cam surface and the outer ring cylindrical surface. The roller is held by a cage, and the cage is urged by a switch spring in a direction in which the roller is disposed between the outer ring cylindrical surface and the inner ring cylindrical surface, and the pinion member faces the end surface of the outer ring in the axial direction. A flange is provided, and an armature that is movable only in the axial direction with respect to the cage is provided between the flange and the end surface of the outer ring, and the armature is separated from the end surface of the outer ring by a separation spring incorporated between the armature and the cage. Is the configuration biased in the direction to Engine starting apparatus according to claim 1 comprising.   A frictional resistance applying means for applying a rotational resistance to the pinion member is provided between a bifurcated portion provided at one end of the shift lever and an engaging portion of an engaging groove formed on the outer periphery of the pinion member. 2. The engine starter according to 2.   The engine starter according to claim 3, wherein the frictional resistance applying means includes a washer incorporated between a bifurcated portion of a shift lever that is translated in the axial direction of the rotating shaft and an engaging portion of the engaging groove.

Images