JP4531600B2 - Optical device with dustproof function - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an optical device with a dustproof function capable of removing dust adhering to the inside of an electronic imaging device such as a digital camera system.

  In recent years, as an example of a technique related to a dustproof function of an optical device, a technique has been proposed in which dust that adheres to glass is removed by vibrating a protective glass that protects an image sensor. As an example, according to Patent Document 1, a piezoelectric element is used as means for vibrating a glass plate. The piezoelectric element expands and contracts in response to an applied voltage to vibrate the glass plate at a predetermined cycle.

JP 2004-48665 A

  However, in an example such as Patent Document 1 in which dust attached to the dust-proof glass is wiped off by vibrating a protective glass (dust-proof glass) that protects the image sensor with the piezoelectric element, there are the following problems.

  Generally, since a digital camera or the like is held or placed by an operator in various postures, the dust-proof glass for protecting the image sensor is also in a normal sideways state, a downward or upward state. To do. Here, when the direction of the dust-adhering surface of the dust-proof glass is vertically downward or horizontal, the adhered dust is more easily dropped and removed by the action of gravity, but when it is vertically upward, the dust falls. Difficult to remove. Moreover, when the direction of the dust adhering surface of the dustproof glass is a vertically downward direction, it is easier to remove the dust than in the horizontal direction.

  The conventional ones such as Patent Document 1 do not take into consideration such a difference in characteristics regarding the effectiveness of dust removal operation, and drive control of the piezoelectric element for vibrating the dust-proof glass is uniformly performed. For example, there is a problem that the drive control is not always appropriate in terms of power consumption.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, and uses the difference in characteristics according to the attitude of the dust-proof optical element regarding the effectiveness of the dust-dropping operation to perform appropriate drive control of the vibration means. An object is to provide an optical device with a dustproof function that can be performed.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, an optical device with a dustproof function according to claim 1 includes a photoelectric conversion element that receives an optical image formed by an imaging optical system and converts it into an electrical signal. , A dust-proof optical element disposed on the optical path preceding the photoelectric conversion element, a vibration means for vibrating the optical element at a predetermined frequency, and detecting the posture of the optical device with the dust-proof function And a drive control means for drivingly controlling the vibration means according to the attitude of the optical element based on the detection result of the attitude detection means.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an optical device having a dustproof function, which is disposed on an optical path upstream of a photoelectric conversion element that receives an optical image formed by an imaging optical system and converts it into an electrical signal. A plurality of optical means each having a dustproof optical element and a vibration means for vibrating the optical element at a predetermined frequency, a posture detecting means for detecting the posture of the optical device with the dustproof function, Drive control means for drivingly controlling each of the excitation means according to the attitude of each optical element based on the detection result of the attitude detection means.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the optical device with a dustproof function according to the above aspect, wherein the drive control means drives the plurality of vibration means included in the plurality of optical means individually at a predetermined drive frequency. And control means for controlling the operation of these driving means.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the optical device with a dustproof function according to the above invention, wherein the drive control means includes switching means for selectively driving the vibration means included in the plurality of optical means. A single drive means for driving the vibration means at a predetermined drive frequency and a control means for controlling the operation of the drive means are provided.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the optical device with a dustproof function according to the first aspect, the drive control unit is configured to vibrate by the vibration unit according to a direction of a dust adhesion surface of the optical element based on a detection result of the posture detection unit. The operation time of the product is variably controlled.

  The optical device with a dustproof function according to claim 6 is the above invention, wherein the drive control means is configured such that the dust adhesion surface direction of the optical element based on the detection result of the posture detection means approaches the vertical downward direction from the horizontal direction. Control is performed to shorten the operation time of the vibration operation by the vibration means.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the optical device with a dustproof function, in the above invention, the drive control unit is configured so that the dust adhesion surface direction of the optical element based on the detection result of the posture detection unit approaches the vertical upward direction from the horizontal direction. Control is performed to lengthen the operation time of the vibration operation by the vibration means.

  The optical device with a dustproof function according to claim 8 is the above invention, wherein the drive control means applies an applied voltage to the vibration means according to the direction of the dust adhesion surface of the optical element based on the detection result of the posture detection means. Is variably controlled.

  The optical device with a dustproof function according to a ninth aspect is the above invention, wherein the drive control means is configured such that the dust adhesion surface direction of the optical element based on the detection result of the posture detection means approaches the vertical downward direction from the horizontal direction. Control is performed to reduce the voltage applied to the vibration means.

  According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the optical device with a dustproof function, in the above invention, the drive control unit is configured so that the dust adhesion surface direction of the optical element based on the detection result of the posture detection unit approaches the vertical upward direction from the horizontal direction. Control is performed to increase the voltage applied to the vibration means.

  The optical device with a dustproof function according to claim 11 is the above invention, wherein the drive control means is oscillated by the vibration means according to the direction of the dust adhesion surface of the optical element based on the detection result of the posture detection means. The frequency scanning range of the operation is variably controlled.

  The optical device with a dustproof function according to a twelfth aspect of the present invention is the above invention, wherein the drive control means is configured such that the direction of the optical element dust adhering surface based on the detection result of the posture detection means approaches the vertical downward direction from a horizontal direction. Control is performed to narrow the width of the frequency scanning range of the excitation operation by the vibration means.

  According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the optical device with a dustproof function according to the above invention, wherein the drive control means is oscillated by the vibration means according to the direction of the dust adhesion surface of the optical element based on the detection result of the posture detection means. It is characterized by controlling whether or not to perform an operation.

  According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the optical device with a dustproof function according to the above-mentioned invention, wherein the drive control means is configured such that the optical element dust adhering surface direction based on the detection result of the posture detection means approaches the vertical downward direction from the horizontal direction. Control is performed so as not to perform the vibration operation by the vibration means.

  According to the optical device with a dustproof function according to the present invention, the posture of the optical device with the dustproof function is detected, and the vibration means is applied according to the posture of the optical element for dustproof based on the detection result, that is, the direction of the dust adhesion surface. By using the difference in characteristics according to the attitude of the optical element for dust prevention regarding the effectiveness of dust removal operation, for example, the dust adhesion surface direction is close to the vertical upward direction, and dust is dropped. If it is difficult, the dust removal effect will not be obtained even if the vibration operation is performed, so the vibration operation is not performed to prevent wasteful power consumption, or the dust adhesion surface direction is set vertically downward. In the case of a posture that tends to drop dust nearby, power consumption can be reduced by controlling the operation time to be short, the applied voltage to be low, or the width of the frequency scanning range to be narrowed, Near vertical upward direction In the case of a posture that makes it difficult to drop dust, it is possible to perform appropriate drive control of the vibration means such as increasing the operation time or increasing the applied voltage to increase the dust-dropping effect. There is an effect that can be done.

  Hereinafter, a digital camera system having a photoelectric conversion element as an optical device with a dustproof function of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings based on a plurality of embodiments.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a configuration example of a main part in consideration of a practical optical arrangement of a digital camera system as an optical device with a dustproof function of the first embodiment. This optical device with a dustproof function is first a photoelectric conversion element that receives an optical image of a subject imaged by an imaging optical system 302 as an imaging optical system mainly composed of a photographing lens 301 and converts it into an electrical signal. The imaging optical unit 304 is provided as one of the optical means including the CCD unit 303.

  In addition, the optical device with a dustproof function is selectively branched by a quick turn mirror 305 after passing through an imaging lens 301 and connected by a finder optical system 308 as an imaging optical system mainly composed of a pentaprism 306 and a half mirror 307. A finder optical unit 310 is provided as one of optical means including a finder CCD unit 309 as a photoelectric conversion element that receives an optical image to be imaged and converts it into an electrical signal.

  Further, the dust-proof optical device receives the reflected light beam from the sub-mirror 311 behind the quick turn mirror 305 after passing through the imaging lens 301, and detects AF as an imaging optical system for detecting the focus state of the imaging lens 301. An AF detection optical unit 314 as one of optical means including an AF sensor unit 313 as a photoelectric conversion element that receives an optical image formed by a system (focus detection optical system) 312 and converts it into an electrical signal. I have.

  The imaging optical unit 304 includes a dust-proof glass 321 as a dust-proof optical element disposed on the optical path upstream of the CCD unit 303 and a piezoelectric element 322 as a vibration means for vibrating the dust-proof glass 321. And. Similarly, the finder optical unit 310 is a dust-proof glass 323 as a dust-proof optical element disposed on the optical path upstream of the finder CCD unit 309, and a vibration unit for vibrating the dust-proof glass 323. The piezoelectric element 324 is provided. Further, the AF detection optical unit 314 includes a dust-proof glass 325 as a dust-proof optical element disposed on the optical path upstream of the AF sensor unit 313 and the AF detection optical system 312, and the dust-proof glass 325. And a piezoelectric element 326 as vibration means for vibrating. That is, in the present embodiment, piezoelectric elements 322, 324, and 326 using piezoelectric ceramics that are electromechanical conversion elements are used as the vibration means, but the dust-proof glasses 321, 323, and 325 are appropriately vibrated. Any means can be used.

  Further, the optical device with a dustproof function of the first embodiment is responsible for various operation controls of the device, and drives and controls the plurality of piezoelectric elements 322, 324, and 326 included in the optical units 304, 310, and 314. A drive control unit 331 is provided as drive control means. The drive control unit 331 includes drive circuits 332A, 332B as a plurality of drive units that vibrate the dust-proof glasses 321, 323, and 325 by individually driving the piezoelectric elements 322, 324, and 326 at a predetermined drive frequency. A dust-proof glass drive circuit 332 having 332C and a control unit 333 as control means for controlling the operation of each drive circuit 332A, 332B, 332C in the dust-proof glass drive circuit 332 are provided.

  The optical device with a dustproof function according to the first embodiment further includes a posture detection circuit 334 as posture detection means for detecting the posture of the optical device with the dustproof function. The posture detection circuit 334 detects a posture such as whether the optical device with the dustproof function is upward, downward, or lateral, and outputs the detection result to the control unit 333.

  The control unit 333 controls the piezoelectric elements 322 and 324 via the drive circuits 332A, 332B, and 332C in accordance with the postures of the dust-proof glasses 321, 323, and 325 based on the detection result of the posture detection circuit 334, that is, the direction of the dust adhesion surface. , 326 is controlled.

  For example, when the dust-adhering glass 321, 323, 325 has a horizontal direction (sideways state) as the standard direction of dust adhesion, and the posture is such that it is difficult to drop dust in the vertical upward direction, the dust removal effect can be achieved even if the vibration is applied. Is not obtained, so that unnecessary power consumption is prevented by not performing the excitation operation by the piezoelectric elements 322, 324, and 326. On the other hand, in the posture in which dust is easily dropped in the vertically downward direction, the excitation operation is performed. By controlling the operation time to be shorter than the standard operation time, control is performed to suppress power consumption.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram mainly showing a control system corresponding to the main configuration example of the first embodiment as described above shown in FIG. Note that the number of the optical units 304, 310, and 314 is not limited to three, and may be more than three or two. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3, there may be a case where only one optical unit is provided. FIG. 3 shows an example in the case of only the imaging optical unit 304 as an example.

  FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a specific configuration example of a digital camera system in which the optical device with a dustproof function shown in FIG. 1 is mounted. This camera system is mainly composed of a lens unit 10 as an interchangeable lens and a body unit 100 as a camera body. A desired lens unit 10 is attached to and detached from the front surface of the body unit 100 via a mount 207. It is set freely.

  The lens unit 10 is controlled by a lens control microcomputer (hereinafter referred to as “Lucom”) 5. Control of the body unit 100 is performed by the above-described control unit 333 (in the following description, the control unit 333 is referred to as a body control microcomputer (hereinafter referred to as “Bucom”) 333). The Lucom 5 and Bucom 333 are electrically connected to each other via the communication connector 6 when they are combined. As a camera system, the Lucom 5 operates in cooperation with the Bucom 333 in a dependent manner.

  A photographing lens 301 and a diaphragm 3 are provided in the lens unit 10. The photographing lens 301 is driven by a DC motor (not shown) in the lens driving mechanism 2. The diaphragm 3 is driven by a stepping motor (not shown) in the diaphragm driving mechanism 4. Lucom 5 controls each of these motors in accordance with a command from Bucom 333.

  The following structural members are arranged in the body unit 100 as shown in the figure. For example, a single-lens reflex type structural member (quick return mirror 305, pentaprism 306, eyepiece lens 13, submirror 311) as an optical system, a focal plane shutter 15 on the optical axis, and a reflected light beam from the submirror 311 An AF detection optical unit 314 for receiving and automatically measuring the distance is provided. The AF detection optical unit 314 includes a condenser lens 160, a separator lens 161, a separator diaphragm 162, and an AF sensor unit 313 having a line sensor configuration.

  Also, an AF sensor driving circuit 17 for driving and controlling the AF detecting optical unit 314, a mirror driving mechanism 18 for driving and controlling the quick return mirror 305, and a shutter charge for charging a spring for driving the front curtain and the rear curtain of the shutter 15. A mechanism 19, a shutter control circuit 20 that controls the movement of the front curtain and the rear curtain, and a photometric circuit 21 that performs photometric processing based on the light flux from the pentaprism 306 are provided.

  A CCD unit 303 for photoelectrically converting a subject image that has passed through the imaging optical system 302 is provided as a photoelectric conversion element on the optical axis of the photographing lens 301, and further, between the CCD unit 303 and the photographing lens 301. Is provided with a dustproof glass 321, and a piezoelectric element 322 that vibrates the dustproof glass 321 at a predetermined frequency is attached to a peripheral portion of the dustproof glass 321. The piezoelectric element 322 is configured to vibrate the dust-proof glass 321 by the drive circuit 332A in the dust-proof glass drive circuit 332 so as to remove dust adhering to the glass surface. Here, the dust-proof glass 321 is located on the same optical axis as that of the photographing lens 301, and when the camera is in the sideways state, the dust adhesion surface direction is set to be in the horizontal direction (sideways state). .

  On the finder optical axis, a finder CCD unit 309 for photoelectrically converting a subject image that has passed through the finder optical system 308 is provided as a photoelectric conversion element. Further, a half mirror 128 and a finder CCD lens 126 for reflecting a part of the subject image that has passed through the finder optical system 308 and guiding it to the finder CCD unit 309 are arranged.

  An image picked up by the finder CCD unit 309 is displayed on the liquid crystal monitor 24 arranged on the back of the camera body or the like. As a result, it is possible to observe an image to be photographed without looking through the viewfinder. Furthermore, the finder CCD unit 309 is protected by a dustproof glass 323 disposed on the optical path between the finder CCD lens 126 and the finder CCD unit 309. The piezoelectric element 324 that vibrates the dust-proof glass 323 at a predetermined frequency is attached to the periphery of the dust-proof glass 323. The piezoelectric element 324 is configured to vibrate the dust-proof glass 323 by the drive circuit 332B in the dust-proof glass drive circuit 332 so that dust attached to the glass surface can be removed. Here, the dust-proof glass 323 is located on the optical axis orthogonal to the optical axis between the photographing lens 301 and the CCD unit 303, and when the camera is in the horizontal state, the dust-adhering surface direction of the dust-proof glass 323 is vertically downward. The direction is set.

  The AF detection optical unit 314 is protected by a dustproof glass 325 disposed in parallel with the AF sensor unit 313 on the optical path upstream of the AF sensor unit 313 and further the AF detection optical system 312. The dust-proof glass 325 protects the AF detection optical system 312 in a sealed structure. A piezoelectric element 326 that vibrates the dust-proof glass 325 at a predetermined frequency is attached to the periphery of the dust-proof glass 325. The piezoelectric element 324 is configured to vibrate the dust-proof glass 325 by the drive circuit 332C in the dust-proof glass drive circuit 332 so as to remove dust adhering to the glass surface. Here, the dust-proof glass 325 is located on the optical axis orthogonal to the optical axis between the photographing lens 301 and the CCD unit 303, and when the camera is in the horizontal state, the dust-adhering surface direction of the dust-proof glass 325 is vertically upward. The direction is set.

  If the dust-proof glass 325 is not present, dust that has entered from the mount 207 when the lens is attached or detached adheres to the outer surface of the condenser lens 160, and adversely affects AF detection. However, the dust detection glass 325 protects against intrusion dust, and the dust adhering to the outer surface of the dust protection glass 325 is removed by the vibration vibration by the piezoelectric element 326, thereby eliminating the AF detection accuracy.

  Thus, the camera system of the first embodiment as shown in FIG. 4 is an electronic camera having a basic structure belonging to a so-called “camera with dustproof function”.

  A temperature measurement circuit 33 is provided in the vicinity of the dust-proof glasses 321, 323, and 325 in order to measure the temperatures around the CCD unit 303, the finder CCD unit 309, and the AF sensor unit 313.

  The camera system includes a CCD interface circuit 23 connected to the CCD unit 303, a finder CCD interface circuit 127 connected to the finder CCD unit 309, a liquid crystal monitor 24, an SDRAM 25 provided as a storage area, a flash ROM 26, a recording medium 27, and the like. An image processing controller 28 that performs image processing using the electronic imaging function is provided so that an electronic recording display function can be provided together with an electronic imaging function. As the other storage area, a nonvolatile memory 29 made of, for example, an EEPROM for storing predetermined control parameters necessary for camera control is provided so as to be accessible from the Bucom 333.

  Further, the Bucom 333 is provided with an operation display LCD 51 for notifying the user of the operation state of the camera system by display output, and a camera operation SW 52. The camera operation SW 52 is a switch group including operation buttons necessary for operating the camera, such as a release SW, a mode change SW, and a power SW. Further, a battery 54 as a power source and a power circuit 53 for converting the voltage of the power source into a voltage required for each circuit unit constituting the camera system and supplying the same are provided.

  Further, the camera system includes an attitude detection circuit 334. The posture detection circuit 334 is a circuit for detecting the posture of the camera system, and includes, for example, first to third posture detection switches 341, 342, and 343. These posture detection switches 341, 342, and 343 have the same configuration and detection principle. FIGS. 5-1 to 5-3 show an example of the configuration of the posture detection switch 341 as an example, FIG. 5-1 is a plan view, and FIG. 5-2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC in FIG. FIG. 5C is a sectional view taken along the line DD in FIG.

  The posture detection switch 341 includes a switch main body 350 formed of resin. The switch main body 350 is formed with a groove 350 a and is closed by a lid 351. The posture detection switch 341 includes a steel ball 352 that can freely roll in the groove 350a. Here, the groove 350a is formed with a uniform width slightly wider than the diameter of the steel ball 352 as shown in FIG. Further, when viewed in the direction of the CC line cross section, the groove portion 350a is formed in a substantially V shape having a first inclined surface 350b and a second inclined surface 350c, as shown in FIG. In the vicinity of the V-shaped apex portion 350d, a light projecting window 350e for the light emitting diode 353 and a light receiving window 350f for the phototransistor 354 are formed to face each other. The angle of the V-shaped portion of the groove portion 350a is about 90 °.

  For the following explanation of the direction of the posture detection switch 341, the surface below the apex 350d of the V-shaped groove 350a in the switch body 350 is the “A surface”, and the surface on the first inclined surface 350b side among the side surfaces. Is defined as “B-plane” (see FIG. 5-2).

  Next, the detection operation of the attitude detection switch 341 will be described with reference to FIGS. 6-1 and 6-2. 6A is a cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which the B surface of the posture detection switch 341 is turned down, and FIG. 6-2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which the A surface of the posture detection switch 341 is turned down. First, when the posture detection switch 341 is in the state shown in FIG. 6A, the steel ball 352 rolls downward in the groove 350a by gravity. For this reason, the optical path between the light projection window 350e and the light receiving window 350f is not blocked by the steel ball 352.

  On the other hand, when the posture detection switch 341 is in the state shown in FIG. 6-2, the steel ball 352 rolls in the groove 350a downward by gravity, that is, in the direction of the apex 350d. For this reason, the optical path between the light projection window 350e and the light receiving window 350f is blocked by the steel ball 352. In general, when the apex portion 350d is at the lowest position in the groove portion 350a, the steel ball 352 rolls in the vicinity of the apex portion 350d and blocks the optical path between the light projection window 350e and the light receiving window 350f.

  Thereafter, in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6B, a state where the steel ball 352 exists in the vicinity of the apex portion 350d and blocks the optical path between the light emitting diode 353 and the phototransistor 354 is “H”. ”, And the state where the steel ball 352 does not exist in the vicinity of the apex 350d and does not block the optical path between the light emitting diode 353 and the phototransistor 354 as shown in FIG. 6A is expressed as“ L ”. To do.

  Next, an arrangement example of the first to third posture detection switches 341, 342, and 343 with respect to the camera body 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 7A is a front view illustrating an arrangement example of the first to third posture detection switches 341, 342, and 343 when the camera body 1 is viewed from the front, and FIG. It is a side view which shows the example of arrangement | positioning of the 1st-3rd attitude | position detection switches 341,342,343 when seen from the right side.

  The first attitude detection switch 341 is arranged with the A side facing upward from the front of the camera body 1 and the B surface facing the left side of the camera body 1. Similarly, the second posture detection switch 342 is arranged with the A surface facing upward from the front of the camera body 1 and the B surface facing toward the left side of the camera body 1. On the other hand, the third posture detection switch 343 is arranged with the A side facing downward from the front of the camera body 1 and the B surface facing the right side of the camera body 1. The first and second attitude detection switches 341 and 342 and the third attitude detection switch 343 are arranged symmetrically about the aa line.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7B, the first to third posture detection switches 341, 342, and 343 are arranged at an angle θ with respect to the line bb when viewed from the right surface of the camera body 1. Yes. The first attitude detection switch 341 and the second attitude detection switch 342 are arranged symmetrically about the line bb.

  In the camera system configured as described above, each unit operates as follows. The image processing controller 28 controls the CCD interface circuit 23 or the finder CCD interface circuit 127 in accordance with an instruction from the Bucom 333 to capture image data from the CCD unit 303 or the finder CCD unit 309. This image data is converted into a video signal by the image processing controller 28 and output and displayed on the liquid crystal monitor 24. The user can confirm the captured image from the display image on the liquid crystal monitor 24.

  The SDRAM 25 is a memory for temporarily storing image data, and is used as a work area when image data is converted. The image data is set to be stored in the recording medium 27 after being converted into JPEG data.

  The CCD unit 303 is protected by the transparent dustproof glass 321 as described above. A piezoelectric element 322 for oscillating the glass surface is disposed on the periphery of the dust-proof glass 321, and this piezoelectric element 322 is driven by a drive circuit 332A as will be described in detail later. It is more preferable for dust prevention that the CCD unit 303 and the piezoelectric element 322 are housed integrally in a case having the dust-proof glass 321 as one surface and surrounded by a frame as shown by a broken line.

  Also, temperature usually affects the elastic modulus of glass materials and is one of the factors that change its natural frequency. Therefore, the temperature is measured during operation and changes in its natural frequency are taken into account. There must be. It is better to estimate the natural frequency at that time by measuring the temperature change of the dust-proof glass 321 provided to protect the front surface of the CCD unit 303 where the temperature rises rapidly during operation. Therefore, in the case of the first embodiment, a sensor (not shown) connected to the temperature measurement circuit 33 is provided to measure the ambient temperature of the CCD unit 303. The temperature measurement point of the sensor is preferably set very close to the vibration surface of the dust-proof glass 321.

  The finder CCD unit 309 is protected by a transparent dustproof glass 323, similarly to the CCD unit 303. A piezoelectric element 324 for vibrating the glass surface is disposed at the peripheral edge of the dustproof glass 323, and the piezoelectric element 324 is driven by a drive circuit 332B. It is more preferable for dust prevention that the viewfinder CCD unit 309 and the piezoelectric element 324 are integrally housed in a case having a dust-proof glass 323 as one surface and surrounded by a frame as shown by a broken line.

  Further, a sensor (not shown) connected to the temperature measurement circuit 33 is provided to measure the ambient temperature of the finder CCD unit 309 in order to measure the temperature change of the dustproof glass 323 and predict the natural frequency at that time. ing. The temperature measurement point of the sensor is preferably set very close to the vibration surface of the dust-proof glass 323.

  The mirror drive mechanism 18 is a mechanism for driving the quick return mirror 305 to the up position and the down position. When the quick return mirror 305 is in the down position, the light flux from the photographing lens 301 is the AF detecting optical unit 314. Is divided and led to the pentaprism 306 side. The output from the AF sensor unit 313 in the AF detection optical unit 314 is transmitted to the Bucom 333 via the AF sensor driving circuit 17 and a known distance measurement process is performed.

  The eyepiece 13 adjacent to the pentaprism 306 allows the user to see the subject, while part of the light beam that has passed through the pentaprism 306 is guided to a photosensor (not shown) in the photometry circuit 21. A well-known photometric process is performed based on the detected light quantity.

  Next, with reference to FIG.8 and FIG.9, the drive of the dust-proof glass 321,323,325 in this Embodiment 1 and its operation control are demonstrated. FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing an example of the configuration of the drive circuit 332A for the piezoelectric element 322, and FIG. 9 is a time chart showing an example of operation control. The drive circuit 332A exemplified here has a circuit configuration as shown in FIG. 8, and waveform signals (Sig1 to Sig4) shown in the time chart of FIG. 9 are generated in each part, and the next based on these signals is generated. It is controlled as follows. The same applies to the drive circuit 332B for the piezoelectric element 324 and the drive circuit 332C for the piezoelectric element 326.

  That is, the drive circuit 332A includes an N-ary counter 41, a ½ divider circuit 42, an inverter 43, a plurality of MOS transistors (Q00, Q01, Q02) 44a, 44b, 44c, and a transformer 45, as illustrated in FIG. And a resistor (R00) 46.

  It is configured such that a signal (Sig4) having a predetermined period is generated on the secondary side of the transformer 45 by the on / off switching operation of the transistor (Q01) 44b and the transistor (Q02) 44c connected to the primary side of the transformer 45. The piezoelectric element 322 is driven based on the signal of this predetermined period to resonate the dustproof glass 321 (details will be described later).

  The Bucom 333 controls the drive circuit 332A as follows via the two IO ports P_PwCont and IO port D_NCnt provided as control ports and the clock generator 55 existing inside the control unit 333. The clock generator 55 outputs a pulse signal (basic clock signal) to the N-ary counter 41 at a frequency sufficiently faster than the signal frequency applied to the piezoelectric element 322. This output signal is a signal Sig1 having a waveform represented by the time chart in FIG. The basic clock signal is input to the N-ary counter 41.

  The N-ary counter 41 counts this pulse signal and outputs a count end pulse signal every time it reaches a predetermined value “N”. That is, the basic clock signal is divided by 1 / N. This output signal is a signal Sig2 having a waveform represented by the time chart in FIG. In this divided pulse signal, the duty ratio between High and Low is not 1: 1. Therefore, the duty ratio is converted to 1: 1 through the 1/2 frequency divider circuit. The converted pulse signal corresponds to the signal Sig3 having a waveform represented by the time chart in FIG.

  In the high state of the converted pulse signal, the MOS transistor (Q01) 44b to which this signal is input is turned on. On the other hand, this pulse signal is applied to the transistor (Q02) 44c via the inverter 43. Therefore, in the low state of the pulse signal, the transistor (Q02) 44c to which this signal is input is turned on. When the transistor (Q01) 44b and the transistor (Q02) 44c connected to the primary side of the transformer 45 are alternately turned on, a signal having a cycle such as the signal Sig4 in FIG. 9 is generated on the secondary side.

  The winding ratio of the transformer 45 is determined from the output voltage of the power supply circuit 53 and the voltage necessary for driving the piezoelectric element 322. The resistor (R00) 46 is provided to restrict an excessive current from flowing through the transformer 45.

  When driving the piezoelectric element 322, the transistor (Q00) 44a is in an on state, and a voltage must be applied from the unit of the power supply circuit 53 to the center tap of the transformer 45. In the figure, on / off control of the transistor (Q00) 44a is performed via the P_PwCont of the IO port. The set value “N” of the N-ary counter 41 can be set from the IO port D_NCnt. Therefore, the Bucom 333 can arbitrarily change the drive frequency of the piezoelectric element 322 (the same applies to the piezoelectric elements 324 and 326) by appropriately controlling the set value “N”.

At this time, the frequency can be calculated by the following equation (1).
fdrv = fpls / 2N (1)
Here, N: set value to the counter,
fpls: frequency of the output pulse of the clock generator,
fdrv: frequency of a signal applied to the piezoelectric element,
The calculation based on the equation (1) is performed by the CPU of Bucom 333.

  Next, the control performed by the camera body control microcomputer (Bucom) 333 serving as the control unit will be described in detail. FIG. 10 illustrates a main routine of a control program that operates on the Bucom 333. First, when the power SW (not shown) of the camera is turned on, the Bucom 333 starts operating, and in step S000, processing for starting the camera system is executed. The power supply circuit 53 is controlled to supply power to each circuit unit constituting this camera system. Also, initial setting of each circuit is performed.

  Next, in step S001, the posture detection of the camera body 1 is executed. This posture detection is based on the detection outputs of the first to third posture detection switches 341, 342, and 343 included in the posture detection circuit 334, with reference to a table (FIG. 12) described later, the main camera 1 This is executed by discriminating the posture of the camera. The detection result is stored in a flag format (not shown).

  The states of the first to third posture detection switches 341, 342, and 343 corresponding to the postures of the camera body 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 11A, when the camera body 1 is in the horizontal posture (the pentaprism 306 is up), the first posture detection switch 341 is in the “L” state, and the second posture detection switch 342 is “L”. The third posture detection switch 343 is in the “H” state.

  As shown in FIG. 11B, when the camera body 1 is in the horizontal posture (the pentaprism 306 is down), the first posture detection switch 341 is in the “H” state, and the second posture detection switch 342 is “H”. The third posture detection switch 343 is in the “L” state. As shown in FIG. 11C, when the camera body 1 is in the vertical posture, the first to third posture detection switches 341, 342, and 343 are all in the “L” state.

  As shown in FIG. 11-4, when the photographing lens 301 is in the upward posture, the first posture detection switch 341 is in the “L” state, the second posture detection switch 342 is in the “H” state, and the third The posture detection switch 343 is in the “H” state. As shown in FIG. 11-5, when the photographing lens 301 is in the downward posture, the first posture detection switch 341 is in the “H” state, the second posture detection switch 342 is in the “L” state, and the third The posture detection switch 343 is in the “L” state.

  FIG. 12 is a table summarizing the relationship between the H and L level outputs of the first to third posture detection switches 341, 342, and 343 and the posture of the camera body 1, and the first to third postures. By detecting the output of the detection switches 341, 342, and 343 at the H and L levels, the posture of the camera body 1 can be determined. If the posture of the camera body 1 can be determined, the postures of the dust-proof glasses 321, 323, and 325 (the direction of the dust adhesion surface) can be simultaneously determined.

  In step S002, current temperature data of each part is taken in from the temperature measurement circuit 33. This temperature data is necessary information in the subsequent operation routine of step S003. In step S003, the subroutine “dust removal operation” is called and executed. In this subroutine, the dust removal operation is executed by vibrating the dust-proof glasses 321, 323 and 325. By executing this operation when the power is turned on, dust unintentionally adhering to the glass can be removed during a period when the camera is not used for shooting. The detailed operation of the subroutine will be described later.

  Step S004 is a step periodically executed, and is an operation step for detecting the state of the lens unit 10 by performing a communication operation with the Lucom 5. If it is detected in step S005 that the lens unit 10 is attached to the body unit 100, the process proceeds to step S008. On the other hand, when it is detected that the lens unit 10 is detached from the body unit 100, the process proceeds from step S006 to step S007. Then, the control flag F_Lens is reset, and the process proceeds to step S012.

  In step S008, the control flag F_Lens is set. This control flag indicates “1” when the lens unit 10 is attached to the body unit 100 of the camera, and indicates “0” when the lens unit 10 is removed. In step S009, the posture detection of the camera body 1 is executed as in step S001. In step S010, a temperature measurement operation is performed, and in step S011 immediately thereafter, a subroutine “dust removal operation” for removing dust from the dust-proof glass 321, 323, 325 is called and executed. Then, control goes to a step S012.

  Usually, there is a high possibility that dust adheres to the lens, the dust-proof glass 321, 323, 325, etc. during the period when the lens unit 10 is not attached to the camera body. Therefore, it is desirable to execute an operation of dusting at the timing when the mounting of the lens unit 10 is detected. Therefore, it is conceivable to periodically perform the operations of steps S009 to S011, but in this case, the dustproof glasses 321, 323, and 325 are often vibrated in a state where dust is not attached, and wasteful power is consumed. Since there is a high possibility of consumption, it is determined here whether or not there is a lens mounting operation.

  In step S012, the state of the camera operation SW 52 is detected. When a state change of a mode change SW (not shown) that is one of the camera operation SW 52 is detected in step S013, the process proceeds to step S014. In step S014, the operation mode of the camera is changed in conjunction with the SW operation. In step S015, information corresponding to the operation mode is displayed and output on the operation display LCD 51. And it transfers to step S004 again.

  In step S016, 1st. It is determined whether a release SW (not shown) has been operated. If 1st. If the release SW is on, the process proceeds to step S017. If the release SW is off, the process proceeds to step S004 again. In step S 017, the luminance information of the subject is obtained from the photometry circuit 21. Then, the exposure time (Tv value) of the CCD unit 303 and the aperture setting value (Av value) of the photographing lens 1 are calculated from this information.

  In step S018, the detection data of the AF sensor unit 313 is obtained via the AF sensor drive circuit 17. Based on this data, the amount of focus shift is calculated. Here, in step S019, the state of F_Lens is determined. Since “0” means that the lens unit 10 does not exist, the photographing operation after step S020 cannot be executed. Therefore, in this case, the process proceeds to step S004 again. In step S020, the focus shift amount is transmitted to Lucom 5, and the driving of the photographing lens 1 based on this shift amount is instructed.

  In step S021, 2nd. It is determined whether a release SW (not shown) has been operated. This 2nd. When the release SW is on, the process proceeds to step S022, and a predetermined photographing operation is performed. When the release SW is off, the process proceeds to step S004 again.

  From step S022, first, the Av value is transmitted to Lucom 5 to instruct to drive the diaphragm 3, and the quick return mirror 305 is moved to the up position in step S023. In step S024, the front curtain travel of the shutter 15 is started, and in step S025, the image processing controller 28 is instructed to execute an imaging operation. When the exposure to the CCD unit 303 is completed for the time indicated by the Tv value, the rear curtain travel of the shutter 15 is started in step S026, and the quick return mirror 305 is driven to the down position in step S027.

  In parallel with this, the shutter 15 is charged. In step S028, Lucom 5 is instructed to return the aperture 3 to the open position, and in step S029, the image processing controller 28 is instructed to record the captured image data on the recording medium 27. . When the recording of the image data is completed, the process proceeds to step S004 again.

  Here, the support structure and vibration mode of the dust-proof glass 321, 323, 325 will be described. The dust-proof glasses 321, 323, and 325 have the same configuration, and therefore only the dust-proof glass 321 will be described here.

  In the camera system according to the present invention, the shape of the dust-proof glass 321 is assumed to be a disk. Moreover, when the piezoelectric element 322 for vibration is arranged along the circumference of the glass plate of the dustproof glass 30, the glass plate is supported on the circumference. At this time, the glass plate is vibrated in a plurality of vibration modes (vibration modes). In the present invention, two modes are selected from these vibration modes and used separately. FIGS. 13-1, 13-2, 14-1 and 14-2 show the vibration state of the glass plate in the selected vibration mode.

  The dust-proof glass 321 according to the first embodiment shows a vibration mode as illustrated in FIGS. 13-1 and 13-2. That is, when vibration is applied by the piezoelectric element 322 functioning as the vibration means, “nodes” that do not vibrate are generated around the glass plate, but the entire glass surface is generally in the same phase as indicated by the thick arrows. It vibrates by repeating the states of FIGS. 13-1 and 13-2 alternately. Such a vibration mode is hereinafter referred to as “vibration mode 1”.

  Similarly, the dust-proof glass 321 of the first embodiment can vibrate in the form shown in FIGS. 14-1 and 14-2, depending on the frequency of vibration applied. That is, the vibration mode of the dust-proof glass 321 illustrated in FIGS. 14A and 14B is that the glass plate vibrates at a phase shifted by 180 degrees. Specifically, in the illustrated vibration mode, nodes are generated around and inside the glass plate. As shown in the figure, the vibration in the region surrounded by the inner node and the outer region of the inner node (the donut-shaped region) ) Is 180 degrees out of phase. Hereinafter, this is referred to as “vibration mode 2”.

  Next, in the subroutine “dust removal operation sub” shown in FIG. 15, the piezoelectric elements 322, 324, and 326 so that the dust-proof glasses 321, 323, and 325 resonate in these two modes of vibration mode 1 and vibration mode 2. Is set to drive. Generally, the frequency and amplitude at which dust is easily removed vary depending on the characteristics of dust (for example, weight, shape, material, etc.). Therefore, in order to remove dust reliably, the glass plate should be resonated in these two vibration modes. Of course, you may resonate in more than one vibration mode. However, since the time required for the removal operation may also be increased by that amount, an appropriate number should be set in consideration of the degree of the removal effect and the required time.

  The “dust removal operation sub” included in the “dust removal operation” subroutine will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 15 and FIGS. Here, the vibration operation by the piezoelectric elements 322, 324, 326 is basically performed in parallel. First, in step S099, it is determined whether or not there is an excitation operation according to a setting flag described later. If all of the piezoelectric elements 322, 324, and 326 are not excited (step S099: Yes), the process returns.

  In the next step S100, four control parameters (Startoffset, Stopoffset, OSCtime1, OSCtime2) are read from the EEPROM 29. These four control parameters can be read from the “vibration mode 1 temperature correction table” stored in the EEPROM 29 shown in the memory map of FIG.

  FIG. 17A shows the details of the vibration mode 1 compatible temperature correction table. In order to read out the corresponding control parameter from this temperature correction table, temperature information (t) is required. The temperature information (t) is detected and acquired by a temperature sensor (not shown) of the temperature measurement circuit 33 before the execution of this subroutine (see step S002 or step S010 in FIG. 10).

  If the temperature information (t) is 20 ° C., the reading start position (Startoffset) is “3” when the control parameter at this time is read from the portion indicated by * 0 in the vibration mode 1 compatible temperature table of FIG. The read end position (Stopoffset) is “9”, the time interval (OscTime1) is “10”, and the time interval (OscTime2) is “1”. Then, the area of the frequency correction table corresponding to the vibration mode 1 of the EEPROM 29 is defined by the value of “Startoffset” and the value of “Stopoffset”.

Further, the N-ary counter 41 is sequentially set at time intervals (OscTime1, in this case, 10 msec.) Read from this area. That is, the operation time for continuously driving at the frequency is shown. The time required for the dust removal operation (vibration mode 1) at this time is calculated for this case,
10 ms × {(9-3) +1} (times) = 70 ms
It becomes. For vibration mode 2,
10 ms × {(13−5) +1} (times) = 90 ms
It becomes. Therefore, as a camera, the time required for the dust removal operation is 70 + 90 = 160 ms.

  A time interval (OscTime2) shown in FIGS. 17A and 17B indicates a driving time when the operation time is shortened to reduce power consumption, which will be described later. By adopting this time interval (OscTime2) as necessary, the operation time is controlled to be shortened.

  18-1 and 18-2 show frequency correction tables corresponding to these vibration modes, FIG. 18-1 is a frequency correction table corresponding to vibration mode 1, and FIG. 18-2 is a frequency correction table corresponding to vibration mode 2. The frequency correction table corresponding to the vibration mode 1 is calculated on the assumption that the clock generator 55 outputs a pulse signal having a frequency of 40 (MHz).

  The drive frequency can be calculated by applying the formula (1) already described. Based on the values read from the temperature correction table described above, seven preset values in the areas * 1 to * 2 of the vibration mode 1 frequency correction table are sequentially set in the N-ary counter 41. When the relationship between the drive frequencies f1, f2,..., F7 at this time and the amplitude of vibration of the glass plate is plotted as a graph, a curve such as * 3 in FIG.

  In FIG. 19, the relationship between the drive frequency fn and the amplitude of vibration of the glass plate is represented by a characteristic graph curve. The resonance frequency correction range (fc ′ <fc) with the plotted * 3 graph curve as the center. <Fc ″) is shown. In the graph curve of * 3, fc is the resonance frequency. This fc happens to be equal to f4. For example, in the case of a glass plate having characteristics such as * 4, fc ′ is the resonance frequency, and fc ′ is equal to f3. For example, in the case of a glass plate having a characteristic such as * 5, fc ″ is the resonance frequency, and fc ″ is equal to f5.

  Therefore, in consideration of the fact that the resonance frequency varies within the range of Δfc, if the reading start position (Startoffset) and the reading end position (Stopoffset) of the frequency correction table are set, the glass plate is always vibrated at the resonance frequency. Can be realized. Further, even if Δfc varies depending on the temperature, it is clear that the driving can always be performed at the resonance frequency by appropriately setting the temperature correction table corresponding to vibration mode 1 shown in FIG.

  By the way, the dust-proof glasses 321, 323, and 325 have different dimensions because required optical sizes and allowable spaces are different. For example, the viewfinder CCD unit 309 generally does not require a large image sensor as the CCD unit 303 in view of the function as a viewfinder, and uses a slightly smaller image sensor. Further, although the AF sensor unit 313 has recently been enlarged due to the adoption of multi-AF, the optical dimension of the light receiving unit is smaller than that of the CCD unit 303 and the finder CCD unit 309.

  As described above, since the required optical dimensions are different, the finder system and the AF system are required to be smaller in size than the imaging system, so the dimensions of the dust-proof glasses 321, 323, and 325 are different. It must be a thing.

  Since the dust-proof glasses 321, 323, and 325 have different dimensions, their resonance frequencies are basically different. 20A is a graph showing the relationship between the area of the dustproof glass and the resonance frequency, and FIG. 20B is a graph showing the relationship between the thickness of the dustproof glass and the resonance frequency. The resonance frequency of dustproof glass generally has a characteristic that is approximately inversely proportional to the area and approximately proportional to the thickness.

  Therefore, in the first embodiment, in order to use such characteristics and simplify the dustproof drive control and drive circuit, the same area and thickness of these dustproof glasses 321, 323, and 325 are manipulated. The resonance frequency is set.

Specifically, when the area of the dustproof glass 321 is S and the thickness is t, and the area of the dustproof glass 323 is S / 2, the thickness is 2t, and the area of the dustproof glass 325 is If it is S / 3, its thickness is 3t. This
S × t = S / 2 × 2t = S / 3 × 3t
This relationship is established, and the resonance frequencies of the dust-proof glasses 321, 323, and 325 can be made the same.

  Now, the description returns to the flowchart of FIG. If the value of OSCtime is increased, the excitation time in the resonance state can be arbitrarily set. However, it should be noted that the time for the invalid excitation operation (driving at a frequency other than the resonance frequency) also increases. Therefore, in step S101, Address M1 + Startoffset is set as the read start address of the EEPROM 29. Address M1 indicates the head address of the vibration mode 1 frequency correction table. Therefore, Address M1 + Startoffset corresponds to * 1 in FIG. Here, the resonance frequencies of the dust-proof glasses 321, 323, and 325 are all the same, and are set to fc321 = fc323 = fc325 = f4.

  In step S102, a preparatory operation for driving the piezoelectric elements 322, 324, and 326 is performed. The transistor (Q00) 44a is turned on by controlling P_PwCont of the IO port. Further, output of a pulse signal from the clock generator 55 is started. If the data extracted from the table is set in the N-ary counter 41 in this state, the piezoelectric elements 322, 324, and 326 can be driven at a desired frequency.

  In step S103, the preset value (N) is read from the set address. Then, the preset value read from the D_NCnt of the IO port to the N-ary counter 41 is set. In step S104, either OSCtime 1 or 2 is selected as the time interval based on the setting flag. In addition, when there is no vibration operation, the piezoelectric elements 322, 324, and 326 are not operated. In step S105, the selected OSCtime 1 or 2 is set in the timer counter, and the timer count operation is started.

  In step S106, the process waits until the operation of the timer counter is completed. In step S107, it is determined whether the address of the EEPROM 29 is equal to “Address M1 + Stopoffset”. If they are equal, it means that the table data has been read up to * 2 in FIG. That is, the excitation operation at a plurality of scheduled frequencies is completed. Therefore, in this case, a process for stopping the driving operation is performed in step S109. The transistor (Q00) 44a is turned off, and the operation of the clock generator 55 is stopped.

  When the process proceeds from step S107 to step S108, the address of the EEPROM 29 is incremented (+1). In order to drive the piezoelectric elements 322, 324, and 326 at the next frequency, the process proceeds to step S103 again.

  When the driving operation corresponding to the vibration mode 1 is completed, the operations of Steps S200 to S208 are performed for the driving operation corresponding to the vibration mode 2. Control parameters Startoffset, Stopoffset, OSCtime1, OSCtime2 necessary for vibrating the glass plate in vibration mode 2 may be read from the temperature correction table corresponding to vibration mode 2 shown in FIG. The preset value (N) may be read from the frequency correction table corresponding to the vibration mode 2 of the EEPROM 29. Similarly, details of the frequency correction table corresponding to vibration mode 2 are shown in FIG.

  The subsequent operations in steps S200 to S209 are basically the same as the operations in steps S100 to S109 described above. The only difference is that the address of the EEPROM 29 from which the table necessary for control is read is different. Therefore, the description is omitted.

  Thus, when the vibration operation to the dust-proof glass 321, 323, 325 in the two vibration modes of vibration mode 1 and vibration mode 2 is completed, the process returns to a dust removal operation routine shown in FIG.

  It should be noted that it is very difficult to predict variations in the resonance frequency of the glass plate at the design stage of the camera system. Therefore, it should be possible to set control parameters for determining the driving frequency of the piezoelectric elements 322, 324, 326 after the camera system is completed. Therefore, all necessary parameters are stored in the EEPROM 29 so as to be selectable in the present invention as described above.

  Here, the point that the effectiveness of the dust removal operation differs depending on the direction of the dust adhesion surface of each dustproof glass 321, 323, 325 corresponding to the posture of the camera body 1, and the point that the dust removal operation is changed depending on the direction will be described. . That is, when the direction of the dust-adhering surface of the dust-proof glass is vertically downward or horizontal, the adhered dust is more easily dropped and removed by the action of gravity, but when it is vertically upward, the dust is difficult to fall. It is difficult to remove. Further, when the direction of the dust adhesion surface of the dust-proof glass is a vertically downward direction, it is easier to remove the dust than in the horizontal direction.

  Considering the fact that the effectiveness of the dust removal operation differs depending on the direction of the dust adhesion surface of each dustproof glass 321, 323, 325 corresponding to the posture of the camera body 1, in the first embodiment, as described below. The operation of each drive circuit 332A, 332B, 332C is controlled by the Bucom 333 so as to change the contents of the dust removal operation.

  First, when the target dustproof glass is sideways (the direction of the dust adhesion surface is horizontal), a normal dust removal operation is performed. Also, when the target dust-proof glass is facing down (the direction of dust adhering surface is vertically downward), it is easy to remove dust, so the dust removal operation is controlled by controlling the operation time of the excitation operation to be shorter than usual. To do. On the other hand, if the target dust-proof glass is facing upward (the direction of dust adhering surface is vertically upward), the posture is difficult to remove dust and the dust removal effect cannot be obtained. Control so as not to perform vibration for dust removal.

  Here, the dust-proof glasses 321, 323, and 325 included in the camera body 1 of the first embodiment are each dust-free in the camera body 1 in the same posture as can be seen from the configuration of FIGS. Since the adhering surface directions are orthogonal to each other or are opposite to each other, the contents of each dust removal operation are individually different. In FIG. 12, the normal operation is indicated by “◯”, the dust is easily removed and “動作” is indicated when the operation time is short, and “×” is indicated when the dust removal operation is difficult to perform. Shown with a mark.

  With respect to steps S003 and S011 in the main routine, the processing content of the dust removal operation routine taking such points into consideration will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. The posture of the camera body 1 is determined by referring to the flag of the posture detection result of the camera body 1 already executed in step S001 or step S009. In step S301, as the posture determination, it is determined whether or not the posture is vertical. If the camera body 1 is in the vertical position (step S301: Yes), the dust adhering surface direction is horizontal in any of the dustproof glasses 321, 323, 325, and therefore a flag indicating that normal operation is performed is set in step S302. To do.

  In step S303, it is determined whether or not the posture of the camera body 1 is the horizontal posture (the pentaprism 306 upward). If the camera body 1 is in the horizontal posture (upwardly facing the pentaprism 306) (step S303: Yes), the dust adhesion surface direction of the dustproof glass 321 is horizontal, the dust adhesion surface direction of the dustproof glass 323 is vertically downward, and the dustproof glass 325. In step S304, the dust-proof glass 321 is normally operated, the dust-proof glass 323 is operated for a short time, and the dust-proof glass 325 is dust-removed. Set a flag to that effect.

  In step S305, it is determined whether or not the posture of the camera body 1 is the horizontal posture (the pentaprism 306 downward). If the camera body 1 is in the horizontal position (downward of the pentaprism 306) (step S305: Yes), the dust adhesion surface direction of the dust proof glass 321 is horizontal, the dust adhesion surface direction of the dust proof glass 325 is vertically downward, and the dust proof glass 323. In step S306, the dust-adhering surface of the dust-proof glass 321 is normally operated, the dust-proof glass 325 is operated for a short time, and the dust-proof glass 323 is dust-removed. Set a flag to that effect.

  In step S307, it is determined whether or not the posture of the camera body 1 is a lens upward posture. If the camera body 1 is in the lens upward posture (step S307: Yes), the dust adhesion surface direction of the dustproof glass 321 is the vertical upward direction, and the dust adhesion surface direction of the dustproof glasses 323 and 325 is the horizontal direction. A flag indicating that normal operation is not performed on the dustproof glasses 323 and 325 and no dust removal operation is performed on the dustproof glass 321 is set.

  In step S309, it is determined whether or not the posture of the camera body 1 is a lens downward posture. If the camera body 1 is in the lens downward posture (step S309: Yes), the dust adhesion surface direction of the dustproof glass 321 is the vertical downward direction, and the dust adhesion surface direction of the dustproof glasses 323 and 325 is the horizontal direction. A flag indicating that the dustproof glass 321 operates for a short time and the dustproof glasses 323 and 325 perform a normal operation is set. If it is not in any of these postures (step S309: No), a flag indicating that normal operation is performed on any of the dustproof glasses 321, 323, 325 is set in step S311.

  After setting the flag of the dust removal operation content corresponding to the posture for each dustproof glass 321, 323, 325, the dust removal operation described in FIG. 15 shown as “dust removal operation sub” in step S312 is executed. Based on the set flag, the dust removal operation for each of the dust-proof glasses 321, 323, 325 is executed by controlling the drive circuits 332 A, 332 B, 332 C for the piezoelectric elements 322, 324, 326.

  FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram showing a time chart of dust removal operation and a state of power consumption. In the illustrated example, it is assumed that the temperature is 20 ° C. and the camera posture is the horizontal posture (on the penta). In the figure, (a) shows the conventional method, (b) shows the first embodiment, and the shaded portion corresponds to the power consumption.

In the conventional method of (a), the normal operation is uniformly performed for any of the dustproof glasses 321, 323, 325 regardless of the camera posture. On the other hand, in the case of the first embodiment, in the case of the posture, the dust-proof glass 325 is controlled not to perform the dust removal operation, and thus the power saving is “0”. In addition, since the dust-proof glass 323 is operated for a short time using OSCtime2, the operation time of the vibration modes 1 and 2 required for the dust removal operation for the dust-proof glass 323 is as follows.
1 ms × {(9-3) +1} (times) = 7 ms
1 ms × {(13−5) +1} (times) = 9 ms
It becomes. This is less than half the power consumption during normal operation.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, with respect to the dust-proof glasses 321, 323, and 325, the normal dust removal operation is performed when the dust adhesion surface direction is the horizontal direction, and the dust-proof glass 321, 323, and 325 is normal when the dust-proof glass direction is the vertical downward direction. Since the dust removal operation is performed for a shorter period of time and the dust removal operation is controlled not to be performed in the vertically upward direction, the piezoelectric elements 322, 324, and 326 can be prevented from generating wasteful power consumption. Drive control is possible.

  In the above description, the dust removal operation is variably controlled depending on whether the dust adhesion surface direction of the dust-proof glass 321, 323, 325 is a horizontal direction, a vertically downward direction, or a vertically upward direction. The posture detection circuit 334 detects the posture of the camera body 1 and thus the direction of dust adhesion on the dust-proof glass 321, 323, 325 in more detail in more stages, and the direction of dust adhesion is from the horizontal direction to the vertical downward direction or the vertical upward direction. The content of the dust removal operation may be variably controlled step by step as it approaches.

  In the first embodiment, power saving is given the highest priority as appropriate drive control. However, when the dust adhesion surface direction of the dust-proof glass 321, 323, 325 is vertically upward, it is difficult to remove dust. In addition, by controlling the operation time so that the operation time becomes longer than normal, even if the posture is such that it is difficult to remove dust, it may be possible to achieve appropriate drive control by enhancing the dust removal effect.

  In the first embodiment, the operation time is variably controlled as a change in the dust removal operation. However, the voltage applied to the piezoelectric elements 322, 324, and 326 is varied in the drive circuits 332A, 332B, and 332C. The voltage applied to the piezoelectric elements 322, 324, and 326 may be variably controlled by lowering or increasing the voltage applied to the piezoelectric elements 322, 324, and 326 according to the direction of the dust adhesion surface of the dust-proof glass 321, 323, and 325. . In general, the dust removal performance of a piezoelectric element varies depending on its vibration amplitude, and has a characteristic that the vibration amplitude of the piezoelectric element increases in proportion to the applied voltage. Therefore, in a situation where the dust adhering surface direction is downward and dust is likely to be dropped, the power consumption can be suppressed by controlling the applied voltage to be lower than normal. Moreover, in the situation where the direction of dust adhesion is upward and it is difficult to remove dust, the dust removal effect can be enhanced by controlling the applied voltage higher than normal. Alternatively, in a situation where the direction of the dust adhering surface is upward and it is difficult to remove dust, the dust removal operation is not performed and power saving may be prioritized as in the case described above.

  In the first embodiment, the operation time is controlled to be shorter than the normal time as a change in the content of the dust removal operation when the dust adhering surface direction is downward and the dust is likely to be dropped. The width may be variably controlled so as to be narrower than usual. For example, the frequency scanning range of f1 to f7 is normally scanned, but if dust is easily dropped, the frequency scanning range of f3 to f5 may be scanned, for example. According to this, the operation time for the vibration operation can be shortened, and as a result, power saving can be achieved. In the situation where the direction of the dust adhering surface is upward and it is difficult to remove the dust, the dust removal operation should not be performed as in the case described above.

(Embodiment 2)
Next, Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the first embodiment described above, the dust-proof glass drive circuit 332 including the drive circuits 332A, 332B, and 332C is individually provided for each of the piezoelectric elements 322, 324, and 326. However, in the second embodiment, The structural example using the dust-proof glass drive circuit 400 of the single drive circuit structure which drives the piezoelectric elements 322,324,326 at a predetermined drive frequency is shown.

  The dust-proof glass drive circuit 400 has substantially the same configuration as each of the drive circuits 332A, 332B, and 332C, but selectively selects them between the secondary output of the transformer 45 and the piezoelectric elements 322, 324, and 326. The switch 401, 402, 403 by MOSFET etc. is provided as a switching means for driving in the middle. These switches 401, 42, and 403 are on / off controlled by selection signals SEL 1 to SEL 3 from Bucom 333. For example, when the selection signal SEL1 is at the H level, the corresponding switch 401 is turned on so that the secondary side of the transformer 45 and the piezoelectric element 322 are connected (driveable state), and when the selection signal SEL1 is at the L level, the corresponding switch 401 is turned off, and the secondary side of the transformer 45 and the piezoelectric element 322 are separated (incapable of being driven). The same applies to the relationship between the selection signals SEL2 and SEL3 and the switches 402 and 403.

  Also in the configuration of the second embodiment, the Bucom 333 selects the selection signals SEL1 to SEL1 depending on the direction of the dust adhesion surface of each dustproof glass 321, 323, 325 corresponding to the posture of the camera body 1 detected by the posture detection circuit 334. By controlling the SEL3 at the H / L level, the same operation control as in the first embodiment described above can be performed.

  For example, when the dust adhesion surface direction of the dust-proof glass 321 is the horizontal direction, the Bucom 333 controls the corresponding piezoelectric element 322 to normally operate by setting the selection signal SEL1 to the H level and turning on the switch 401. In addition, when the dust adhesion surface direction of the dust-proof glass 321 is in the vertically downward direction and dust is easily dropped, the Bucom 333 sets the selection signal SEL1 to the H level but shortens the time for which the switch 401 is turned on, thereby reducing the corresponding piezoelectricity. The element 322 is controlled to operate for a shorter time than normal. Further, when the dust adhesion surface direction of the dust-proof glass 321 is in the vertically upward direction and it is difficult to remove dust, the Bucom 333 sets the selection signal SEL1 to the L level and keeps the switch 401 off, so that the corresponding piezoelectric element 322 is turned off. Control not to operate. The same applies to the other dustproof glasses 323 and 325.

  Further, it is possible to variably control the width of the scanning range of the drive frequency by controlling the ON timings of the switches 401 to 403 by the selection signals SEL1 to SEL3. Furthermore, the dust-proof glass driving circuit 400 includes an applied voltage variable circuit for varying the applied voltage to the piezoelectric elements 322, 324, and 326, and each of the switches 401 to 403 is controlled by the variable control of the applied voltage and the selection signals SEL1 to SEL3. The applied voltage applied to the piezoelectric elements 322, 324, 326 is variably controlled according to the direction of the dust adhesion surface of the dust-proof glass 321, 323, 325 by time-sharing driving in combination with on-timing control. May be.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

It is a conceptual diagram which shows the structural example which considered practical optical arrangement | positioning of the digital camera system as an optical apparatus with a dustproof function of Embodiment 1 of this invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram mainly showing a control system corresponding to the configuration example of FIG. 1. It is a schematic block diagram which shows mainly the control system in case an optical part is single. It is a block block diagram which shows the specific structural example as a digital camera system carrying the optical apparatus with a dustproof function shown in FIG. It is a top view which shows the structural example of an attitude | position detection switch. It is the CC sectional view taken on the line in FIGS. It is the DD sectional view taken on the line in FIGS. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which turned down the B surface of the attitude | position detection switch. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which faced the A surface of the attitude | position detection switch. It is a front view which shows the example of arrangement | positioning of the 1st-3rd attitude | position detection switch at the time of seeing a camera main body from the front. It is a side view which shows the example of arrangement | positioning of the 1st-3rd attitude | position detection switch 3 when a camera main body is seen from the right side. It is a circuit diagram which shows an example of a structure of the dust-proof glass drive circuit with respect to a piezoelectric element. It is a time chart which shows the example of operation control. It is a flowchart which shows the main routine of a control program. It is a schematic front view which shows the case where a camera main body is a horizontal posture (on a pentagon). It is a schematic front view which shows the case where a camera main body is a horizontal attitude | position (under a pentagon). It is a schematic front view which shows the case where a camera main body is a vertical attitude | position. It is a schematic front view which shows the case where a camera main body is a posture on a lens. It is a schematic front view which shows the case where a camera main body is a lens bottom posture. It is a figure which shows the table | surface which put together the relationship between the output of the 1st-3rd attitude | position detection switch of the H and L level, and the attitude | position of a camera main body. It is explanatory drawing of the one aspect | mode of the vibration mode 1 which shows the vibration form of the dust-proof glass which concerns on this invention, a node generate | occur | produces around a glass plate, and the whole surface vibrates with the same phase. It is explanatory drawing of the different aspect of the vibration mode 1 which shows the vibration form of the dust-proof glass based on this invention, and a node generate | occur | produces around a glass plate and the whole surface vibrates with the same phase. It is explanatory drawing of the one aspect | mode of the vibration mode 2 which shows the vibration form of the dust-proof glass which concerns on this invention, and vibrates with the phase different 180 degrees inside and outside of a glass plate. It is explanatory drawing of the different aspect of the vibration mode 2 which shows the vibration form of the dust-proof glass which concerns on this invention, and vibrates with the phase which the inner side and outer side of a glass plate differ 180 degrees. It is a flowchart showing the detailed procedure of the "dust removal operation sub" contained in the subroutine "dust removal operation" in the flowchart of FIG. It is a memory map which shows the table area | region regarding the correction | amendment occupied to EEPROM. It is a figure which shows the detail of a vibration mode 1 corresponding | compatible temperature correction table. It is a figure which shows the detail of a vibration mode 2 corresponding | compatible temperature correction table. It is a figure which shows the detail of a vibration mode 1 corresponding | compatible frequency correction table. It is a figure which shows the detail of a vibration mode 2 corresponding | compatible frequency correction table. It is a characteristic graph showing the relationship between a drive frequency and the amplitude of the vibration of a glass plate. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the area of dustproof glass, and a resonance frequency. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the thickness of dust-proof glass, and the resonance frequency. It is a flowchart showing the detailed procedure of the subroutine "dust removal operation" in the flowchart of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the time chart of dust removal operation | movement, and the mode of power consumption. It is a schematic circuit diagram which shows the structural example of Embodiment 2 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

302 imaging optical system 303 CCD unit 304 imaging optical unit 308 finder optical system 309 finder CCD unit 310 finder optical unit 312 focus detection optical system 313 AF sensor unit 314 AF detection optical unit 321 dustproof glass 322 piezoelectric element 323 dustproof glass 324 Piezoelectric element 325 Dustproof glass 326 Piezoelectric element 331 Drive control unit 332A to 332C Drive circuit 333 control unit 334 Attitude detection circuit 400 Dustproof glass drive circuit 401 to 403 switch

Claims (14)

A photoelectric conversion element that receives an optical image formed by the imaging optical system and converts it into an electrical signal;
A dust-proof optical element disposed on the optical path preceding the photoelectric conversion element;
Vibration means for vibrating the optical element at a predetermined frequency;
Posture detection means for detecting the posture of the dustproof optical device;
Drive control means for driving and controlling the vibration means according to the attitude of the optical element based on the detection result of the attitude detection means;
An optical device with a dustproof function. A photoelectric conversion element that receives an optical image formed by the imaging optical system and converts it into an electrical signal, a dust-proof optical element disposed on an optical path preceding the photoelectric conversion element, and the optical element A plurality of optical means each having a vibration means for vibrating at a frequency of
Posture detection means for detecting the posture of the dustproof optical device;
Drive control means for driving and controlling each excitation means according to the attitude of each optical element based on the detection result of the attitude detection means;
An optical device with a dustproof function.   The drive control unit includes a plurality of drive units that individually drive the plurality of vibration units included in the plurality of optical units at a predetermined drive frequency, and a control unit that controls operations of these drive units. The optical device with a dustproof function according to claim 2.   The drive control means has a switching means for selectively driving the vibration means included in the plurality of optical means, and has a single drive means for driving the vibration means at a predetermined drive frequency. The optical device with a dustproof function according to claim 2, further comprising: control means for controlling the operation of the driving means.   2. The drive control unit variably controls an operation time of an excitation operation by the excitation unit according to a direction of a dust adhesion surface of the optical element based on a detection result of the posture detection unit. The optical device with a dustproof function according to any one of -4.   The drive control unit performs control to shorten the operation time of the vibration operation by the vibration unit as the dust adhesion surface direction of the optical element approaches the vertical downward direction from the horizontal direction based on the detection result of the posture detection unit. The optical device with a dustproof function according to claim 5.   The drive control unit performs control to lengthen the operation time of the excitation operation by the excitation unit as the dust adhesion surface direction of the optical element approaches the vertical upward direction from the horizontal direction based on the detection result of the posture detection unit. The optical device with a dustproof function according to claim 5 or 6.   The drive control means variably controls the voltage applied to the vibration means according to the direction of the dust adhesion surface of the optical element based on the detection result of the posture detection means. An optical device with a dustproof function according to claim 1.   The drive control means performs control to lower the applied voltage to the vibration means as the dust adhering surface direction of the optical element approaches the vertical downward direction from the horizontal direction based on the detection result of the posture detection means. The optical device with a dustproof function according to claim 8.   The drive control means performs control to increase the applied voltage to the vibration means as the dust adhesion surface direction of the optical element approaches the vertical upward direction from the horizontal direction based on the detection result of the posture detection means. The optical device with a dustproof function according to claim 8 or 9.   The drive control means variably controls the frequency scanning range of the vibration operation by the vibration means according to the direction of the dust adhesion surface of the optical element based on the detection result of the posture detection means. The optical device with a dustproof function according to any one of 1 to 4.   The drive control unit is configured to narrow a width of a frequency scanning range of an excitation operation by the excitation unit as the direction of the optical element dust adhesion surface based on a detection result of the posture detection unit approaches a vertical downward direction from a horizontal direction. The optical device with a dustproof function according to claim 11, wherein:   The drive control means controls whether or not to perform the vibration operation by the vibration means according to the direction of the dust adhesion surface of the optical element based on the detection result of the posture detection means. The optical device with a dustproof function according to any one of 1 to 4.   The drive control means controls the optical element dust adhering surface direction based on the detection result of the posture detection means so as not to perform the vibration operation by the vibration means as it approaches the vertical downward direction from the horizontal direction. An optical device with a dustproof function according to any one of claims 6, 9, 12, or 13.

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