JP4528904B2 - Vehicle collision accident information notification device - Google Patents

Vehicle collision accident information notification device Download PDF

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JP4528904B2
JP4528904B2 JP2003278193A JP2003278193A JP4528904B2 JP 4528904 B2 JP4528904 B2 JP 4528904B2 JP 2003278193 A JP2003278193 A JP 2003278193A JP 2003278193 A JP2003278193 A JP 2003278193A JP 4528904 B2 JP4528904 B2 JP 4528904B2
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collision
information
time
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danger
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JP2005044167A (en
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次郎 久行
順一 津田
大介 板倉
秀昭 宗像
英治 今井
扶 内藤
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Fujitsu FSAS Inc
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本発明は、車両と車両、車両と人物、車両と物体との衝突事故において、衝突が予測されると事前に運転者に通知することができ、衝突した場合は衝突事故情報を確実に外部に通知することができる車両衝突事故情報通知装置に関する。   The present invention can notify a driver in advance when a collision is predicted in a collision accident between a vehicle and a vehicle, a vehicle and a person, or a vehicle and an object. The present invention relates to a vehicle collision accident information notification device capable of notification.

従来から車両事故が発生したとき、事故情報を通知するシステムが種々提案されている(例えば特許文献1,特許文献2等参照)。
上記特許文献1に記載のものは、車両のエアバックに設けられている衝撃センサが作動すると事故が発生したと判断して、車両番号、発生日時及び場所などの情報を人工衛星を通じて基地局に送るようにしたものである。
また、上記特許文献2に記載のものも同様に、加速度センサ、速度センサ、衝撃センサ等により事故の発生を検出し、衛星経由で事故の発生を基地局サーバに通知するようにしたものである。
また、移動体間の距離を判定し、所定の距離内に近づいた場合に警告信号を発生して、衝突を防止するようにした衝突警報装置は、例えば特許文献3等に開示されている。
Conventionally, various systems for notifying accident information when a vehicle accident occurs have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).
In the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, it is determined that an accident has occurred when an impact sensor provided on the airbag of the vehicle is activated, and information such as the vehicle number, the date and time of occurrence, and the location are transmitted to the base station via an artificial satellite. It is what I sent.
Similarly, the one described in Patent Document 2 detects the occurrence of an accident using an acceleration sensor, a speed sensor, an impact sensor, etc., and notifies the base station server of the occurrence of the accident via a satellite. .
Also, a collision warning device that determines a distance between moving bodies and generates a warning signal when the distance between the moving bodies approaches within a predetermined distance to prevent a collision is disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 3.

特開2001−250189号公報JP 2001-250189 A 特開2002−279591号公報JP 2002-279951 A 特開昭56−135351号公報JP-A-56-135351

上記特許文献1,2に記載される従来技術は、いづれも事故を検出して初めて基地局に事故に関する情報を送信するものであり、事故状況によっては該情報を基地局のサーバに送信できない場合も発生する。また、送信される情報は、車両番号、発生日時及び場所などの情報に限られ、事故発生直前の詳細な情報を送信することができない。
事故状況を解析したり、事故発生原因を解析するには、事故発生の直前の情報が重要であると考えられるが、上記従来技術では、事故発生直前の詳細な情報を送信することができないばかりか、事故状況によっては事故に関する情報を送信できない場合も生ずる。
また、特許文献3に記載されるものは、運転者に衝突の危険があることを通知することができるものの、事故が発生した状況等を送信することはできない。
本発明は上記事情に鑑みなされたものであって、本発明の目的は、車両走行時の衝突危険を予知した段階から、事故解析に必要な情報を収集して基地局等に送信できるようにすることにより、事故解析を容易にするとともに、事故原因や轢き逃げ犯罪の特定等の解析を可能とし、また、事故発生の危険を運転者に通知することができる車両衝突事故情報通知装置を提供することである。
The prior art described in the above Patent Documents 1 and 2 transmits the information about the accident to the base station only after detecting the accident, and the information cannot be transmitted to the base station server depending on the situation of the accident. Also occurs. Further, the information to be transmitted is limited to information such as the vehicle number, the date and time of occurrence, and the location, and detailed information immediately before the occurrence of the accident cannot be transmitted.
In order to analyze the accident situation and the cause of the accident, it is considered that the information immediately before the accident occurs is important. However, the conventional technology described above cannot send detailed information immediately before the accident occurs. Depending on the situation of the accident, information about the accident may not be transmitted.
Moreover, although what is described in Patent Document 3 can notify the driver that there is a danger of a collision, it cannot transmit a situation or the like in which an accident has occurred.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to collect information necessary for accident analysis and transmit it to a base station or the like from the stage of predicting a collision risk during vehicle travel. By providing a vehicle collision accident information notification device that facilitates accident analysis, enables analysis of the cause of an accident and a criminal escape crime, etc., and can notify the driver of the risk of an accident occurring That is.

上記課題を本発明においては、次のように解決する。
(1)車両が物体に相対的に近づく距離を一定時間間隔で測定する距離測定手段と、事故責任を分析する情報としてGPS情報を受信するGPS受信部と、上記距離測定手段の測定結果に基づき、衝突の可能性を予知する衝突可能性/危険予知手段と、上記衝突可能性/危険予知手段により、衝突の危険があると判断されたとき、当該車両の走行情報を収集し、上記GPS情報を走行情報に付加する走行情報収集手段と、上記衝突可能性/危険予知手段が衝突の可能性を予知してから人間の動作で衝突回避行動が取れる限界時間までの間、運転者に危険を通知する危険通知手段と、上記走行情報収集手段により、収集した走行情報を外部に送信する送信手段とを備える。
上記衝突可能性/危険予知手段は、上記距離測定手段で測定した距離情報、時刻情報をもとに、車両が物体に近づく速度を計算する速度計算部と、速度計算部で計算した速度情報をもとに、車両が物体に近づく加速度を計算する加速度計算部と、前記速度情報と加速度情報と距離情報とから衝突までの時間予測を計算する予測時間計算部とを具備する衝突予測時間計算部と、上記衝突予測時間計算部で計算した衝突予測時間の値が、前記人間の動作で衝突回避行動が取れる限界時間の一定時間前の値から人間の動作で衝突回避行動が取れる限界時間までの値であるかを判断する衝突可能性予知判断部と、上記衝突予測時間計算部で計算した時間が、人間の動作で衝突回避行動が取れる限界時間以下の値であるかを判断する危険予知判断部とから構成される。
上記危険通知手段は、衝突可能性予知判断部により、衝突の可能性があると判断されたとき、運転者に危険を通知し、上記走行情報収集手段は、上記危険予知判断部により、人間の動作で衝突回避行動が取れる限界を超えたと判断されたとき、当該車両の走行情報を収集する。
(2)上記(1)において、走行情報収集手段が、事故原因を分析する情報として、車両に搭載されている各種センサー情報と車両特定情報を走行情報として収集する。
In the present invention, the above problem is solved as follows.
(1) Based on distance measurement means for measuring the distance that the vehicle is relatively approaching the object at regular time intervals, a GPS receiver that receives GPS information as information for analyzing accident responsibilities, and the measurement results of the distance measurement means When the collision possibility / danger prediction means for predicting the possibility of a collision and the collision possibility / danger prediction means determine that there is a collision risk, the travel information of the vehicle is collected and the GPS information is collected. The travel information collecting means for adding the information to the travel information, and the possibility of collision / danger prediction means predicting the possibility of the collision until the limit time when the collision avoidance action can be taken by human action. A danger notification means for notifying, and a transmission means for transmitting the traveling information collected by the traveling information collecting means to the outside.
The collision possibility / danger prediction means includes a speed calculation section for calculating a speed at which the vehicle approaches the object based on the distance information and time information measured by the distance measurement means, and speed information calculated by the speed calculation section. A collision prediction time calculation unit comprising: an acceleration calculation unit that calculates the acceleration at which the vehicle approaches the object; and a prediction time calculation unit that calculates a time prediction from the speed information, the acceleration information, and the distance information to the collision. And the value of the collision prediction time calculated by the collision prediction time calculation unit is from a value a certain time before the limit time at which the collision avoidance action can be taken by the human action to the limit time at which the collision avoidance action can be taken by the human action . A collision possibility prediction determination unit that determines whether the value is a value, and a risk prediction determination that determines whether the time calculated by the collision prediction time calculation unit is equal to or less than a limit time during which a collision avoidance action can be taken by human action Department Ru is configured.
The danger notification means notifies the driver of the danger when the collision possibility prediction determination unit determines that there is a possibility of a collision, and the travel information collection means uses the danger prediction determination part to When it is determined that the limit of the collision avoidance action is exceeded, the travel information of the vehicle is collected.
(2) In the above (1), the traveling information collection means collects various sensor information and vehicle identification information mounted on the vehicle as traveling information as information for analyzing the cause of the accident.

本発明においては、上記構成としたので以下の効果を得ることができる。
(1)衝突の危険があると判断されたとき、走行情報収集手段により、当該車両の走行情報を収集し、送信手段により、収集した走行情報を外部の基地局のサーバ等に送信するように構成したので、事故に至るまでの走行情報が確実に残すことができ、事故原因の解析が容易とすることができる。
(2)衝突回避が可能な時間帯に運転者に警告を出すので、その間、回避行動を取れば衝突がさけることができる。
(3)走行情報を車両走行時の衝突危険を予知した段階から、事故解析に必要な情報を収集して送信するようにしたので、上記情報を受信する基地局のサーバ等は、上記情報を必要最小限の時間しか受信せず、事故情報を格納する記憶容量の削減を図ることができる。
In the present invention, since the above configuration is adopted, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) When it is determined that there is a risk of a collision, the travel information collecting means collects the travel information of the vehicle, and the transmission means transmits the collected travel information to an external base station server or the like. Since it comprised, the driving | running | working information until it leads to an accident can remain reliably, and the cause of an accident can be analyzed easily.
(2) Since a warning is issued to the driver during a time when collision avoidance is possible, if the avoidance action is taken during that time, the collision can be avoided.
(3) Since the travel information is collected and transmitted from the stage of predicting the collision risk when the vehicle travels, the base station server or the like that receives the information receives the above information. Only the minimum necessary time is received, and the storage capacity for storing accident information can be reduced.

図1は本発明の第1の実施例の構成を示す図である。
同図において、10は例えば自動車等の車両であり、車両10は、他の車両、ガードレール等の障害物(以下物体という)との距離を測定するレーダ距離測定器等の距離測定手段1と、衝突可能性と衝突の危険を予知する衝突可能性/危険予知手段2とを備える。
さらに、この衝突可能性/危険予知手段2が衝突の危険を予知したとき、車両の走行情報を収集する走行情報収集手段3と、走行情報収集手段3で得た走行情報や車両を特定する情報(車両のナンバー等)や車両の位置を示すGPS情報を送信する送信手段4を備え、これらは制御手段5により制御される。
上記距離測定手段1は、図2(a)に示すように、少なくとも車両の前方、後方にそれぞれ2個設けられ、車両の前後から相対的に近づく物体に対して距離を測定する。なお、図2(b)に示すように車両の両側面にも距離測定手段1を設けて、車両の前後のほか、あらゆる角度から相対的に近づく物体に対して距離の測定ができるようにしてもよい。
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of the first embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, reference numeral 10 denotes a vehicle such as an automobile, and the vehicle 10 is a distance measuring means 1 such as a radar distance measuring device for measuring a distance from another vehicle, an obstacle such as a guardrail (hereinafter referred to as an object), A collision possibility / danger prediction means 2 for predicting the collision possibility and the danger of the collision is provided.
Furthermore, when this collision possibility / danger prediction means 2 predicts the danger of a collision, the travel information collection means 3 that collects vehicle travel information, the travel information obtained by the travel information collection means 3 and the information that identifies the vehicle Transmitting means 4 for transmitting (GPS number etc.) and GPS information indicating the position of the vehicle is provided, and these are controlled by the control means 5.
As shown in FIG. 2A, at least two distance measuring units 1 are provided at the front and the rear of the vehicle, respectively, and measure the distance with respect to an object relatively approaching from the front and rear of the vehicle. As shown in FIG. 2 (b), distance measuring means 1 are provided on both side surfaces of the vehicle so that the distance can be measured with respect to an object relatively approaching from any angle other than the front and rear of the vehicle. Also good.

上記走行情報収集手段3は、車両に設けられた各種センサから得られる情報、例えば速度計からの速度情報、シートベルト着脱情報、ドアの開閉情報等の事故分析等に必要と考えられる各種情報を収集する。また、上記距離測定手段1の測定結果である物体との距離、距離情報を演算することにより求めた相対速度、加速度等を収集する。これらの相対速度、加速度等は、後述するように衝突可能性/危険予知手段2で計算された相対速度、加速度等を用いることができる。
さらに、前記した車両を特定する車両ナンバー等の情報、カーナビ等に備えられたGPS受信器から得られる車両位置を特定するためのGPS情報を収集するようにしてもよい。
なお、複数の距離測定手段1が車両に設置される場合、物体に対する距離、相対速度、加速度等は複数得られ、例えば、移動している他の車両に対する距離、ガードレール等の移動しない物体に対する距離や、これらとの相対速度、相対加速度が得られる。これらの情報は、走行情報として収集され上記送信手段4から送信される。これにより、事故時の車両の動き、他の車両との相対距離、相対速度等を知ることができ、詳細な事故分析を行うことが可能となる。
The travel information collecting means 3 receives information obtained from various sensors provided in the vehicle, such as speed information from a speedometer, seat belt attachment / detachment information, door opening / closing information, etc. collect. Further, the distance from the object, which is the measurement result of the distance measuring means 1, and the relative velocity, acceleration, etc. obtained by calculating the distance information are collected. As these relative speed, acceleration and the like, the relative speed and acceleration calculated by the collision possibility / danger prediction means 2 can be used as will be described later.
Further, information such as a vehicle number for specifying the vehicle described above, and GPS information for specifying a vehicle position obtained from a GPS receiver provided in a car navigation system or the like may be collected.
When a plurality of distance measuring means 1 are installed in a vehicle, a plurality of distances, relative speeds, accelerations, and the like with respect to the object are obtained. For example, a distance with respect to another moving vehicle, a distance with respect to a non-moving object such as a guardrail In addition, relative speed and relative acceleration with these can be obtained. These pieces of information are collected as travel information and transmitted from the transmission means 4. As a result, it is possible to know the movement of the vehicle at the time of the accident, the relative distance from other vehicles, the relative speed, and the like, and to perform a detailed accident analysis.

図3は本発明の第1の実施例の衝突可能性/危険予知手段2の構成を示す図である。同図に示すように、衝突可能性/危険予知手段2は、衝突予測時間計算部2−1と危険予知判断部2−2から構成される。
前記距離測定手段1により測定された距離情報、制御部5の内部時計等から得られる時刻情報は、衝突予測時間計算部2−1の距離情報/時刻情報ファイル2dに格納され、速度計算部2aはこの距離情報、時刻情報から車両が物体に近づく/遠ざかる速度を計算し、速度情報/時刻情報ファイル2eに格納する。加速度計算部2bは、この速度情報と時刻情報から車両が物体に接近する加速度を計算する。
時間計算部2cは、上記速度、加速度、時刻情報から後述するように衝突するまでの予測時間を計算する。
危険予知判断部2−2は、衝突予測時間計算部2−1で計算された衝突予測時間の値が、人間の動作で衝突回避行動が取れる限界の一定時間以下の値であるかを判断し、衝突の危険が予知されたとき、図1に示した制御部5に通知する。これにより、制御部5は走行情報収集手段3に対して走行情報の収集を開始する指示するとともに、送信手段4に対して、収集された走行情報の送信を指示する。
上記人間の動作で衝突回避行動が取れる限界の一定時間(危険回避限界時間)は、危険回避限界時間ファイル2fに格納され、この時間は、経験則等により予め定めてもよいし、例えばシミュレーション等で求めておいてもよい。
なお、上記危険回避限界時間を複数設定しておき、車両の状況等に応じて上記時間を選択して衝突の危険を予知するようにしてもよい。例えば、車両の車輪がロックしたスキッド状態であり、車両のブレーキが操作やハンドル操作では避けられない状況である場合には、上記危険回避限界時間を早めに設定するようにしてもよい。
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of the collision possibility / danger prediction means 2 of the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the collision possibility / danger prediction means 2 includes a collision prediction time calculation unit 2-1 and a danger prediction determination unit 2-2.
The distance information measured by the distance measuring means 1 and the time information obtained from the internal clock of the control unit 5 are stored in the distance information / time information file 2d of the collision prediction time calculation unit 2-1, and the speed calculation unit 2a. Calculates the speed at which the vehicle approaches or moves away from the object from the distance information and time information, and stores it in the speed information / time information file 2e. The acceleration calculation unit 2b calculates the acceleration at which the vehicle approaches the object from the speed information and time information.
The time calculation unit 2c calculates a predicted time until a collision occurs as described later from the speed, acceleration, and time information.
The danger prediction determination unit 2-2 determines whether or not the value of the collision prediction time calculated by the collision prediction time calculation unit 2-1 is a value equal to or less than a certain time limit of the limit at which a collision avoidance action can be taken by human action. When the danger of a collision is predicted, the control unit 5 shown in FIG. 1 is notified. As a result, the control unit 5 instructs the travel information collection unit 3 to start collecting travel information and instructs the transmission unit 4 to transmit the collected travel information.
The fixed time limit (danger avoidance limit time) at which the collision avoidance action can be taken by the human motion is stored in the risk avoidance limit time file 2f, and this time may be determined in advance by an empirical rule or the like, for example, simulation You may ask for it.
Note that a plurality of the danger avoidance limit times may be set, and the danger may be predicted by selecting the time according to the vehicle condition or the like. For example, when the vehicle wheel is in a skid state in which the vehicle wheel is locked and the vehicle brake is unavoidable by operation or steering operation, the danger avoidance limit time may be set earlier.

上記衝突予測時間の計算は次のように行われる。
図4は衝突予測時間を求めるための衝突予測テーブルを示す図である。
図4に示すように、前記時刻情報と、前記距離測定手段1により求めた距離情報から、各時刻t1,t2,t3における物体との距離s1,s2,s3が求まると、これから、速度計算部2aは、物体に近づく速度vを求める。例えば、時刻t2における物体に近づく速度v2は以下の式(1)で求めることができる。
v2=|s2−s1|/(t2−t1)…(1)
また、上記のように速度v2が求まると、加速度計算部2bは物体に近づく加速度を求める。例えば、時刻t2における物体に近づく加速度α2は、物体に近づく時刻t1における速度v1と上記速度v2から、次の(2)式で求めることができる。
α2=(v2−v1)/(t2−t1)…(2)
以上のように、速度計算部2a、加速度計算部2bで、各時刻における物体に近づく速度、加速度が求められると、時間計算部2cは、上記速度、加速度により以下の式(3)の解を求めることにより衝突予測時間Tを計算する。
s=vt+(1/2)×αt2 …(3)
例えば、時刻t2における衝突予測時間は、上記v=v2、α=α2として解tを求めることにより得られる。
なお、複数の距離測定手段が設けられ、車両の各方向の物体との距離が求まる場合には、各方向について上記計算を行い、衝突予測時間が最も小さいものを選択するようにしてもよい。
The calculation of the collision prediction time is performed as follows.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a collision prediction table for obtaining the collision prediction time.
As shown in FIG. 4, when the distances s1, s2, and s3 to the object at the respective times t1, t2, and t3 are obtained from the time information and the distance information obtained by the distance measuring means 1, a speed calculation unit is obtained. 2a calculates the speed v approaching the object. For example, the speed v2 approaching the object at time t2 can be obtained by the following equation (1).
v2 = | s2-s1 | / (t2-t1) (1)
Further, when the velocity v2 is obtained as described above, the acceleration calculation unit 2b obtains an acceleration approaching the object. For example, the acceleration α2 approaching the object at time t2 can be obtained from the speed v1 at time t1 approaching the object and the speed v2 by the following equation (2).
α2 = (v2−v1) / (t2−t1) (2)
As described above, when the speed calculation unit 2a and the acceleration calculation unit 2b obtain the speed and acceleration approaching the object at each time, the time calculation unit 2c solves the following equation (3) using the speed and acceleration. By calculating, the collision prediction time T is calculated.
s = vt + (1/2) × αt 2 (3)
For example, the predicted collision time at time t2 can be obtained by obtaining the solution t with v = v2 and α = α2.
When a plurality of distance measuring means are provided and the distance to the object in each direction of the vehicle is obtained, the above calculation may be performed for each direction, and the one with the shortest collision prediction time may be selected.

図5は本実施例の動作を示す動作フローである。
距離測定手段1で車両と物体の距離が測定され、時刻情報とともに距離情報/時刻情報ファイル2dに格納される。衝突可能性/危険予知手段2は、上記距離情報、時刻情報から前記したように、衝突予測時間を求める。そして、危険回避限界時間ファイル2fに格納された危険回避限界時間と比較し、衝突の危険がない正常範囲にあるか、衝突を回避できない危険範囲にあるかを判断する。
正常範囲であれば上記動作を繰り返す。また、危険範囲に入ると、走行情報収集手段3は、前記各種センサや距離測定手段1から求めた走行情報、車両の位置を示すGPS情報、さらに車両を特定する情報等を収集する。
送信手段4は収集された走行情報等を基地局のサーバ等の送信する。以上の動作を、衝突により、機器等が壊れ送信できなくなるまで繰り返す。
FIG. 5 is an operation flow showing the operation of this embodiment.
The distance between the vehicle and the object is measured by the distance measuring means 1 and stored in the distance information / time information file 2d together with the time information. The collision possibility / danger prediction means 2 determines the collision prediction time from the distance information and time information as described above. Then, it is compared with the risk avoidance limit time stored in the risk avoidance limit time file 2f, and it is determined whether it is in the normal range where there is no risk of collision or in the risk range where the collision cannot be avoided.
If it is within the normal range, the above operation is repeated. When entering the danger range, the travel information collecting means 3 collects travel information obtained from the various sensors and distance measuring means 1, GPS information indicating the position of the vehicle, information for identifying the vehicle, and the like.
The transmission means 4 transmits the collected traveling information and the like to the server of the base station. The above operation is repeated until the device is broken due to a collision and cannot be transmitted.

図6は本発明の第2の実施例の構成を示す図である。
本実施例は、前記図1に示したものに加えて危険通知手段6を設け、衝突可能性/危険予知手段2において、衝突の可能性が予知されたとき(まだこの段階では衝突の回避は可能であるとする)、上記危険通知手段6に通知して、運転者に警告を発するように構成したものであり、その他の構成は前記図1に示したものと同様である。
図7は本実施例において、上記危険通知手段6による運転者への危険通知と、送信手段4による走行情報送信の時間関係を示すタイムチャートである。
同図に示すように、車両が、他の車両、ガードレール等の障害物等の物体に近づき、衝突の可能性が起こると、上記危険通知手段6により運転者に対して危険通知を行う。なお、この段階ではハンドル操作、ブレーキ操作等により衝突の回避が可能であとする(この範囲を衝突回避可能範囲と言う)。
上記警告にも係わらず回避行動が適切に行われず、衝突の危険が予知されると、前記したように、走行情報収集手段3により走行情報等が収集され、送信手段4による基地局等への走行情報等の送信が行われる(この範囲を衝突回避不可能範囲と言う)。
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the configuration of the second embodiment of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, a danger notification means 6 is provided in addition to the one shown in FIG. 1, and when the possibility of collision is predicted by the collision possibility / danger prediction means 2, the collision avoidance is still not possible at this stage. It is configured to notify the danger notification means 6 and issue a warning to the driver, and the other configuration is the same as that shown in FIG.
FIG. 7 is a time chart showing the time relationship between the danger notice to the driver by the danger notice means 6 and the travel information transmission by the transmission means 4 in this embodiment.
As shown in the figure, when the vehicle approaches another vehicle, an object such as an obstacle such as a guard rail, and the possibility of a collision occurs, the danger notification means 6 notifies the driver of the danger. At this stage, it is assumed that a collision can be avoided by operating a steering wheel, a brake, etc. (this range is referred to as a collision avoidable range).
If the avoidance action is not properly performed in spite of the warning and the risk of collision is predicted, the traveling information is collected by the traveling information collecting means 3 as described above, and the transmission means 4 sends the information to the base station or the like. Driving information or the like is transmitted (this range is referred to as a collision avoidance range).

図8は本実施例における衝突可能性/危険予知手段2の構成を示す図である。同図に示すように、本実施例の衝突可能性/危険予知手段2は、衝突予測時間計算部2−1と危険予知判断部2−2と衝突可能性予知判断部2−3から構成される。
本実施例の衝突予測時間計算部2−1は、前記図3に示したものと同様、速度計算部2aと加速度計算部2bと時間計算部2cを備え、速度、加速度、時刻情報から前記したように衝突するまでの予測時間を計算し、求めた予測時間を衝突可能性予知判断部2−3と、危険予知判断部2−2に送る。
衝突可能性予知判断部2−3は、上記衝突するまでの予測時間と、予め設定され衝突回避可能時間設定ファイル2gに格納された衝突回避可能時間とを比較し、衝突の可能性が予知されると(前記図7に示した衝突回避可能範囲内に入ると)、図6に示した制御部5に通知する。これにより、制御部5は、危険通知手段6に警告を発生するように通知し、危険通知手段6は、音、ランプの点滅等により、運転者に衝突の可能性があることを通知する。
また、危険予知判断部2−2は、前記したように、衝突予測時間の値が、人間の動作で衝突回避行動が取れる限界の一定時間以下の値であるかを判断し、衝突の危険が予知されると(前記図7に示した衝突回避不可能範囲内に入ると)、図6に示した制御部5に通知する。これにより、制御部5は走行情報収集手段3に対して走行情報の収集を開始する指示するとともに、送信手段4に対して、収集された走行情報の送信を指示する。
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the configuration of the collision possibility / danger prediction means 2 in this embodiment. As shown in the figure, the collision possibility / danger prediction means 2 of the present embodiment comprises a collision prediction time calculation unit 2-1, a danger prediction determination unit 2-2, and a collision possibility prediction determination unit 2-3. The
The collision prediction time calculation unit 2-1 of this embodiment includes a speed calculation unit 2a, an acceleration calculation unit 2b, and a time calculation unit 2c, similar to the one shown in FIG. 3, and has been described above from the speed, acceleration, and time information. Thus, the predicted time until the collision is calculated, and the obtained predicted time is sent to the collision possibility prediction determining unit 2-3 and the danger prediction determining unit 2-2.
The collision possibility prediction determining unit 2-3 compares the predicted time until the collision with the collision avoidance time set in advance in the collision avoidance time setting file 2g, and the possibility of collision is predicted. Then (when entering the collision avoidable range shown in FIG. 7), the control unit 5 shown in FIG. 6 is notified. Thereby, the control unit 5 notifies the danger notifying unit 6 so as to generate a warning, and the danger notifying unit 6 notifies the driver that there is a possibility of a collision by sound, blinking of a lamp or the like.
In addition, as described above, the danger prediction determination unit 2-2 determines whether the value of the collision prediction time is a value that is equal to or less than a certain time that is a limit of the time when the collision avoidance action can be taken by human action. When it is predicted (when it falls within the collision avoidance range shown in FIG. 7), it notifies the control unit 5 shown in FIG. As a result, the control unit 5 instructs the travel information collection unit 3 to start collecting travel information and instructs the transmission unit 4 to transmit the collected travel information.

図9は本実施例の動作を示す動作フローである。
距離測定手段1で車両と物体の距離が測定され、時刻情報とともに距離情報/時刻情報ファイル2dに格納される。衝突可能性/危険予知手段2は、上記距離情報、時刻情報から前記したように、衝突予測時間を求める。そして、衝突回避可能時間設定ファイル2gに格納された衝突可能性予知時間と比較し、衝突の可能性が予知されると、危険通知手段6に通知し、危険通知手段6は運転者に警告を発して衝突の可能性があること知らせる。 さらに、衝突予測時間と危険回避限界時間ファイル2fに格納された危険回避限界時間と比較し、衝突を回避できない衝突回避不可能範囲内にあるかを判断する。
そして、衝突回避不可能範囲内に入ると、走行情報収集手段3は、前記各種センサや距離測定手段1から求めた走行情報、車両の位置を示すGPS情報、さらに車両を特定する情報等を収集する。
送信手段4は収集された走行情報等を基地局のサーバ等の送信する。以上の動作を、衝突により、機器等が壊れ送信できなくなるまで繰り返す。
なお、上記第1、第2の実施例では、衝突予測時間の値が衝突回避不可能範囲内に入ったとき、走行情報を収集して送信しているが、衝突予測時間の値が衝突回避可能範囲に入った場合等、衝突の可能性が予知されたとき、走行情報を収集して送信するようにしてもよい。
FIG. 9 is an operation flow showing the operation of this embodiment.
The distance between the vehicle and the object is measured by the distance measuring means 1 and stored in the distance information / time information file 2d together with the time information. The collision possibility / danger prediction means 2 determines the collision prediction time from the distance information and time information as described above. Then, it is compared with the collision possibility prediction time stored in the collision avoidance possible time setting file 2g, and when the possibility of collision is predicted, the danger notification means 6 is notified, and the danger notification means 6 warns the driver. Let them know that there is a possibility of a collision. Further, the collision prediction time is compared with the danger avoidance limit time stored in the danger avoidance limit time file 2f, and it is determined whether the collision avoidance range is within a range where the collision cannot be avoided.
When the vehicle enters the collision-impossible range, the travel information collecting unit 3 collects the travel information obtained from the various sensors and the distance measuring unit 1, GPS information indicating the position of the vehicle, and information for identifying the vehicle. To do.
The transmission means 4 transmits the collected traveling information and the like to the server of the base station. The above operation is repeated until the device is broken due to a collision and cannot be transmitted.
In the first and second embodiments, the travel information is collected and transmitted when the value of the collision prediction time is within the collision avoidance range, but the value of the collision prediction time is the collision avoidance value. When the possibility of a collision is predicted, such as when entering a possible range, traveling information may be collected and transmitted.

本発明の第1の実施例の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the 1st Example of this invention. 距離測定手段の配置例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the example of arrangement | positioning of a distance measurement means. 第1の実施例の衝突可能性/危険予知手段2の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the collision possibility / danger prediction means 2 of a 1st Example. 衝突予測テーブルを示す図である。It is a figure which shows a collision prediction table. 本発明の第1の実施例の動作を示す動作フローである。It is an operation | movement flow which shows operation | movement of the 1st Example of this invention. 本発明の第2の実施例の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the 2nd Example of this invention. 危険通知と走行情報送信の時間関係を示すタイムチャートである。It is a time chart which shows the time relationship between danger notification and driving | running | working information transmission. 第2の本実施例の衝突可能性/危険予知手段の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the collision possibility / danger prediction means of the 2nd present Example. 本発明の第2の実施例の動作を示す動作フローである。It is an operation | movement flow which shows operation | movement of the 2nd Example of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 距離測定手段
2 衝突危険/可能性予知手段
2−1 衝突予測時間計算部
2−2 危険予知判断部
2−3 衝突可能性予知判断部
3 走行情報収集手段
4 送信手段
5 制御手段
6 危険通知手段
10 車両
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Distance measuring means 2 Collision danger / possibility prediction means 2-1 Collision prediction time calculation part 2-2 Risk prediction judgment part 2-3 Collision possibility prediction judgment part 3 Travel information collection means 4 Transmission means 5 Control means 6 Risk notification Means 10 Vehicle

Claims (2)

車両が物体に相対的に近づく距離を一定時間間隔で測定する距離測定手段と、事故責任を分析する情報としてGPS情報を受信するGPS受信部と、
上記距離測定手段の測定結果に基づき、衝突の可能性を予知する衝突可能性/危険予知手段と、
上記衝突可能性/危険予知手段により、衝突の危険があると判断されたとき、当該車両の走行情報を収集し、上記GPS情報を走行情報に付加する走行情報収集手段と、上記衝突可能性/危険予知手段が衝突の可能性を予知してから人間の動作で衝突回避行動が取れる限界時間までの間、運転者に危険を通知する危険通知手段と、上記走行情報収集手段により、収集した走行情報を外部に送信する送信手段とを備え、
上記衝突可能性/危険予知手段は、
上記距離測定手段で測定した距離情報、時刻情報をもとに、車両が物体に近づく速度を計算する速度計算部と、速度計算部で計算した速度情報をもとに、車両が物体に近づく加速度を計算する加速度計算部と、前記速度情報と加速度情報と距離情報とから衝突までの時間予測を計算する予測時間計算部とを具備する衝突予測時間計算部と、
上記衝突予測時間計算部で計算した衝突予測時間の値が、前記人間の動作で衝突回避行動が取れる限界時間の一定時間前の値から人間の動作で衝突回避行動が取れる限界時間までの値であるかを判断する衝突可能性予知判断部と、
上記衝突予測時間計算部で計算した時間が、人間の動作で衝突回避行動が取れる限界時間以下の値であるかを判断する危険予知判断部とから構成され、
上記危険通知手段は、衝突可能性予知判断部により、衝突の可能性があると判断されたとき、運転者に危険を通知し、
上記走行情報収集手段は、上記危険予知判断部により、人間の動作で衝突回避行動が取れる限界を超えたと判断されたとき、当該車両の走行情報を収集する
ことを特徴とする車両衝突事故通知装置。
Distance measuring means for measuring the distance that the vehicle is relatively approaching the object at regular time intervals, a GPS receiving unit that receives GPS information as information for analyzing accident responsibilities,
A collision possibility / danger prediction means for predicting the possibility of a collision based on the measurement result of the distance measuring means;
When the collision possibility / danger prediction means determines that there is a collision risk, the vehicle information is collected, and the GPS information is added to the traveling information. From the time when the danger prediction means predicts the possibility of collision until the limit time when the collision avoidance action can be taken by human action, the danger information means that notifies the driver of the danger, and the travel information collected by the travel information collection means Transmission means for transmitting information to the outside,
The collision possibility / danger prediction means are:
A speed calculator that calculates the speed at which the vehicle approaches the object based on the distance information and time information measured by the distance measuring means, and an acceleration at which the vehicle approaches the object based on the speed information calculated by the speed calculator A collision prediction time calculation unit comprising: an acceleration calculation unit that calculates a time prediction until a collision is calculated from the speed information, acceleration information, and distance information;
The value of the collision prediction time calculated by the collision prediction time calculation unit is a value from a value that is a certain time before the limit time at which the collision avoidance action can be taken by the human motion to a limit time at which the collision avoidance action can be taken by the human motion. A collision possibility prediction judging section for judging whether there is,
The time calculated by the collision prediction time calculation unit is composed of a risk prediction determination unit that determines whether the time is equal to or less than a limit time at which a collision avoidance action can be taken by human action ,
The danger notification means notifies the driver of the danger when the collision possibility prediction determination unit determines that there is a possibility of collision,
The traveling information collection means collects traveling information of the vehicle when it is determined by the danger prediction determination unit that the limit of the collision avoidance action can be taken by human action. .
上記走行情報収集手段は、事故原因を分析する情報として、車両に搭載されている各種センサー情報と車両特定情報を走行情報として収集する
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の車両衝突事故通知装置。
2. The vehicle collision accident notification device according to claim 1, wherein the traveling information collection means collects various sensor information and vehicle identification information mounted on the vehicle as traveling information as information for analyzing the cause of the accident. .
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