JP4523527B2 - Tunnel excavator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator equipped with an erector apparatus suitable for assembling non-circular segments.

  A general shield excavator is configured such that a cutter head is rotatably attached to a front portion of a cylindrical excavator body, and a shield jack and an erector device are attached to a rear portion of the excavator body. Therefore, the excavator body is advanced by the shield jack while the cutter head is swung by the drive motor, so that the ground is excavated and the tunnel is excavated and formed by the erector device on the inner wall surface of the excavated tunnel. You can build a tunnel by assembling segments.

  By the way, in recent years, in the ramp part of the road tunnel, in order to merge the branch shield mine into the machine shield mine in a space-saving manner, the machine shield mine is changed from a normal cross section (circular) to a new cross section (non-circular: for example D type). Various methods have been developed to change (decrease) the width.

  In a tunnel excavator used for such a construction method, it is necessary to assemble a segment having a special shape such as a D-type in the tail by an erector apparatus.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-265795

  However, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, in the conventional erector device, the erector device itself is turnable, the grip device is slidable in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the grip device is the diameter of the tunnel. Since it is only movable in the direction and there is not enough freedom, it cannot be turned around. For example, a segment with a special shape such as D type is passed through the sludge pipe or power unit cable, and the operation range is regulated. Within the narrow tail that was made, it was very difficult to assemble.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel excavator provided with an erector apparatus which has a sufficient degree of freedom and can be easily assembled even with a segment having a special shape such as a D shape.

In order to achieve such an object, a tunnel excavator according to the present invention includes:
A tubular excavator body, a propulsion jack for advancing the excavator body, a cutter head rotatably supported at a front portion of the excavator body, a driving means for rotationally driving the cutter head, and the excavation In a tunnel excavator equipped with an erector device for assembling segments in the tail of the machine body,
The erector apparatus includes a first slide body that is movable in the left-right direction of the excavator body, and a first swing body that is supported by the first slide body so as to be pivotable about a first pivot shaft that extends in a tunnel excavation direction. A first elevating body supported by the first revolving body so as to be capable of ascending and descending, and the first elevating body being capable of revolving around a second revolving axis that is offset from the first revolving shaft in the radial direction of the tunnel. A second swivel body supported, a second lift body supported by the second swivel body so as to be movable up and down, a second slide body supported by the second lift body so as to be movable in the tunnel digging direction, The second slide body has a grip device supported so as to be yawing about a yawing axis extending in the radial direction of the tunnel .

  According to the tunnel excavator of the present invention, it is possible to easily assemble even a segment having a special shape such as a D type by using an erector apparatus having a sufficient degree of freedom, thereby improving workability.

  Hereinafter, a tunnel excavator according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a muddy water type shield excavator showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view of the erector apparatus, FIG. 3 is an enlarged rear view of the erector apparatus, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the D-shaped segment, FIG. 6 is an assembly procedure diagram of the segment piece C1, FIG. 7 is an assembly procedure diagram of the segment piece C1, FIG. 8 is an assembly procedure diagram of the segment piece D1, and FIG. FIG. 10 is an assembly procedure diagram of the segment piece P1, FIG. 11 is an assembly procedure diagram of the segment piece P1, FIG. 12 is an assembly procedure diagram of the segment piece D3, and FIG. 13 is an assembly procedure diagram of the segment piece D3. 14 is an assembly procedure diagram of the segment piece K1, and FIG. 15 is an assembly procedure diagram of the segment piece K1.

  The tunnel excavator described in the present embodiment supplies mud into the face and the chamber, and discharges excavated soil together with mud while facing the earth pressure and the water pressure with the mud pressure while stabilizing the face. It is a muddy water type shield excavator that constructs a tunnel.

  In this muddy water type shield excavator, as shown in FIG. 1, a cutter head 10 is rotatably mounted on a front portion of a cylindrical excavator main body 1. A number of cutter bits 11 are fixed. A ring gear 12 is fixed to the rear portion of the cutter head 10, and a drive motor (drive means) 13 is attached to the excavator body 1, and a drive gear 14 of the drive motor 13 is engaged with the ring gear 12. .

  Accordingly, when the drive motor 13 is driven to drive the drive gear 14 to rotate, the cutter head 10 can be rotated via the ring gear 12.

  A bulkhead 15 is attached to the excavator body 1 at a position behind the cutter head 10, and a chamber 16 is formed between the cutter head 10 and the bulkhead 15. The chamber 16 is open at the other end of the mud pipe 17 and the mud pipe 18 with one end extending to the outside of the mud shield excavator. An agitator (not shown) for agitating and mixing the excavated earth and mud is installed. A copy cutter 20 is provided on the outer periphery of the cutter head 10.

  A plurality of shield jacks (propulsion jacks) 22 are juxtaposed on the rear of the excavator body 1 in the circumferential direction. The shield jacks 22 extend rearward in the excavation direction and are pressed against the existing segment S. The reaction machine can advance the excavator body 1, that is, the entire mud shield excavator.

  Then, two upper and lower erector devices 24 having the same configuration are mounted on the rear portion of the excavator body 1 via a pair of left and right vertical beams 23. Only the lower erector device 24 is shown in the drawing. This erector device 24 has a new segment S (segment pieces A1 to A4, B1, B2, C1, C2, D1 to be described later) in a space between the excavator body 1 advanced by the shield jack 22 and the existing segment S. D4, P1, P2, K1) can be mounted and assembled in a ring shape. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 25 denotes a tail packing for water stop.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the erector device 24 includes a first slide body 30 assembled to the excavator body 1 so as to be movable laterally (left and right), and the first slide body 30 in a vertical plane. A first swivel body 31 assembled so as to be able to swivel, a first elevating body 32 assembled so as to be movable up and down (moving in the radial direction of the excavator main body 1) to the first swivel body 31, and A second swivel body 33 assembled so as to be able to swivel in a vertical plane, a second lift body 34 assembled to the second swivel body 33 so as to be movable up and down (expandable in the radial direction of the tunnel), and the second lift body The main members are a second slide body 35 that is assembled to 34 so as to be movable back and forth (in the tunnel excavation direction), and a grip device 36 that is assembled to the second slide body 35 so as to be capable of yawing (oscillating).

  The first slide body 30 can be laterally moved by a linear guide 41 on a pair of upper and lower slide guides 40 laid between a pair of left and right vertical beams 23, and is attached to the first slide body 30 side. The pinion 43 of the pair of upper and lower laterally moving hydraulic motors 42 and the rack 44 laid on the slide guide 40 side are moved laterally.

  The first swing body 31 is engaged with the gears 46 of the plurality of first swing hydraulic motors 45 mounted on the first slide body 30 side and the first swing bearing 47 mounted on the first swing body 31 side meshes. The first swivel axis a extending in the tunnel excavation direction can be swiveled.

  The first elevating body 32 can be moved up and down (expanded in the radial direction of the tunnel) by being guided by a pair of left and right guide rods 49 by expansion and contraction of a pair of left and right first elevating jacks 48 attached to the first revolving body 31 downward. It has become.

  The second turning body 33 is configured such that the second turning bearing 52 attached to the second turning body 33 side meshes with the gears 51 of the plurality of second turning hydraulic motors 50 attached to the first lifting body 32 side. The first swivel axis a can be swung around a second swivel axis B shifted in the radial direction of the tunnel.

  The second elevating body 34 can be moved up and down (extends and contracts in the radial direction of the tunnel) via a linear guide 53 by an elevating drive means (not shown).

  The second slide body 35 is guided by the pair of left and right guide rods 55 by the expansion and contraction of the pair of left and right slide jacks 54 attached to the second slide body 35 in a forward direction, and can move back and forth (tunnel excavation direction). ing.

  In the grip device 36, a support outer cylinder 58 is swingably fitted to the outer periphery of a support inner cylinder 56 integral with the second slide body 35 via a pair of upper and lower bearings 57. A gear box 59 is fixed to the upper end of the support outer cylinder 58, and a pair of left and right gears 61 that are located in the gear box 59 and mesh with the gear 60 fitted to the upper end of the support inner cylinder 56 are gears. Fixed on the output shaft of a pair of left and right yawing hydraulic motors 62 mounted downward on the upper surface of the box 59. A pair of front and rear brackets 63 are suspended from the lower end of the support outer cylinder 58, and the bracket 63 is engaged with a grip pin 65 detachably attached to the hanging metal fitting 64 of the segment (piece) S, and the grip pin 65. A gripping jack 66 to be removed is assembled. A support jack 67 is attached to the lower part of the support outer cylinder 58 at both the left and right parts of the bracket 63. By pressing the support piece 68 against the segment (piece) S, the segment (piece ) S can be gripped stably.

  Accordingly, in the grip device 36, the pair of left and right yawing hydraulic motors 62 are rotationally driven in synchronization with the same direction, so that the support outer cylinder 58 and the gear box 59 are integrally swung in a predetermined direction and supported. The bracket 63 and the support jack 67 attached to the outer cylinder 58 can be yawed around a yawing axis C extending in the radial direction of the tunnel, for example, at a grip yawing angle (range) shown in FIG.

  Due to such a configuration, when the shield jack 22 is extended by applying a reaction force to the existing segment S while rotating the cutter head 10, the excavator body 1 moves forward and the face is excavated.

  At this time, muddy water is supplied from the mud pipe 17 into the face and the chamber 16, mixed and agitated with the excavated sediment by the agitator, and discharged from the mud pipe 18 to the outside of the muddy shield excavator.

  After that, a new segment (piece) S is attached to the space formed by shrinking the shield jack 22 by the erector device 24 and assembled in a ring shape. Thereafter, by repeating this, a tunnel having a predetermined length is constructed.

  Then, when the muddy water shield excavator reaches the reduced position of the tunnel in the ramp portion of the road tunnel, for example, the non-circular D-shaped segment S as shown in FIG. .

  The D-shaped segment S is composed of segment pieces A1 to A4, B1, B2, C1, C2, D1 to D4, P1, P2, and K1 having various shapes and assembled in a D shape. C1-> A1-> A3-> B2-> D1-> P1-> D3, the lower half segment piece is assembled first, and then C2-> A2-> A4-> B1-> D2-> P2-> D4 and the upper half After the segment pieces are assembled, the reverse taper K1, which is the key segment piece, is finally assembled.

  Here, the segment pieces of A1 to A4, B1, and B2 assembled in a semicircular shape do not require complicated operation (many degrees of freedom) in the erector device 24, and can be easily assembled by a conventional erector device, The description of the assembly procedure is omitted. On the other hand, an example of the assembly procedure of the segment piece of the lower half part of C1, D1, P1, D3 and the segment piece which is a key of K1 which requires complicated operation (many degrees of freedom) based on FIGS. explain. The assembly procedure for the upper half segment pieces of C2, D2, P2, and D4 is the same as the assembly procedure for the lower half segment pieces of C1, D1, P1, and D3. Omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the C1 segment piece is first elongated vertically (in the front-rear direction) while avoiding the installation space 71c (71a, 71b is also the same) such as the feed, sludge pipe and power unit cable. After being transported and gripped by the grip device 36 in this state, it is swung by 90 ° about the yawing axis C (see FIG. 6 (a) → FIG. 6 (b)). In FIG. 6A, the grip device 36 is actually in a state where it is swung by 90 °. However, for convenience of drawing, it is shown in its initial state (the same applies to other drawings to be described later). is there).

  After that, after turning slightly clockwise about the first turning axis A, turning slightly counterclockwise around the second turning axis B, and then further clockwise around the first turning axis A. It is turned to a substantially horizontal state (see (c) of FIG. 6 → (e) of FIG. 6).

  Next, after being moved laterally by a predetermined distance in the right direction in the drawing, it is further turned clockwise around the first turning axis (a) so as to be slightly upward in the left direction ((f) in FIG. 7 → FIG. 7). (See (g)).

  Next, after being lowered downward in two stages, this time, it is moved laterally by a predetermined distance in the left direction in the figure to complete the assembly (see (h) in FIG. 7 → (j) in FIG. 7). .

  As shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, the segment piece of D1 is first transported vertically (in a long state in the front-rear direction) while avoiding the installation space 71c such as the feeding and draining pipe and the power unit cable. Then, after being gripped by the grip device 36 in the initial state, it is swung by 90 ° around the yawing axis C (see (a) of FIG. 8 → (b) of FIG. 8).

  Thereafter, after turning by a predetermined angle clockwise about the first turning axis (a), it is moved slightly to the right in the figure (see (c) of FIG. 8 → (d) of FIG. 8).

  Next, after turning 90 ° clockwise around the second turning axis B, it is lowered downward (see (e) of FIG. 9 → (f) of FIG. 9), and then extended obliquely upward to the left. The assembly is completed (see (f) of FIG. 9 → (g) of FIG. 9).

  As shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, the segment piece of P1 is first transported vertically avoiding the installation space 71c such as the feed / drainage pipe and the power unit cable, and in this state, by the grip device 36 in the initial state. After being gripped, it is swung 90 ° around the yawing axis C (see (a) of FIG. 10 → (b) of FIG. 10).

  After that, after slightly turning clockwise about the first turning axis A, it is laterally moved to the right in the drawing by a predetermined distance, and then turning clockwise about the second turning axis B by a predetermined angle ( FIG. 10 (c) → see FIG. 10 (e)).

  Next, after being lowered slightly, it is further swung clockwise about the second swivel axis B (see FIG. 11 (f) → FIG. 11 (g)).

  Next, after slightly extending to the left in the drawing, it is lowered obliquely downward to complete the assembly (see (h) in FIG. 11 → (i) in FIG. 11).

  As shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, the segment piece of D3 is first transported vertically (in a long state in the front-rear direction) while avoiding the installation space 71c such as the feed / sludge pipe and the power unit cable. After being gripped by the grip device 36 changed from the initial state to a dogleg shape, it is slightly swiveled clockwise about the second swivel axis B, and then lifted diagonally upward to the right ((a of FIG. 12 → See FIG. 12 (c)).

  Thereafter, after turning by a predetermined angle clockwise about the first turning axis a, turning to a vertical state by turning a predetermined angle clockwise about the second turning axis b ((d) in FIG. 12) (See (e) of FIG. 12).

  Next, after swinging 90 ° around the yawing axis C, it is lowered diagonally to the left (see (f) in FIG. 13 → (g) in FIG. 13), and then stretched leftward in the figure. The assembly is completed (see (g) in FIG. 13 → (h) in FIG. 13)).

  As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the segment piece of K1 is first transported vertically (in a long state in the front-rear direction) while avoiding the installation space 71c such as the feed / sludge pipe and the power unit cable. Then, it is horizontally moved to the right in the figure as much as possible while turning largely to the left and obliquely upward in the clockwise direction around the first turning axis a (see (a of FIG. 14). → Refer to FIG. 15 (f)).

  Thereafter, after swinging by 90 ° about the yawing axis C, it is slightly extended obliquely to the left (see (g) in FIG. 15 → (h) in FIG. 15). Next, after turning in the counterclockwise direction around the second turning axis B to make it vertical, it is extended to the left in the figure to complete the assembly ((i) in FIG. 15 → (j in FIG. 15). )reference).

  In this way, in this embodiment, the grip device 36 can turn around the first turning axis A and the second turning axis B, and can swing around the yawing axis C at a predetermined yawing angle. In addition, it can be moved up and down in two stages (extends and contracts in the radial direction of the tunnel) and slides in the front and rear and left and right directions of the tunnel, so installation space for sending, draining pipes, power unit cables, etc. is available with sufficient flexibility. Interference with 71a, 71b, 71c is effectively avoided, and the D-shaped segment S having a complicated shape can be easily assembled.

  Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, instead of the two upper and lower erector devices, one erector device may be provided to be movable up and down. Various motors and jacks may be attached to the member side corresponding to the currently attached member with the coupling relationship reversed. Various hydraulic motors and jacks may be changed to other driving means. Moreover, the number of lifting means may be one. Furthermore, although this invention showed the example using a muddy water type | mold shield excavator, you may use an earth pressure type shield excavator.

It is a sectional side view of a muddy water type shield excavator which shows one Example of this invention. It is an enlarged side view of an erector apparatus. It is an enlarged rear view of an erector apparatus. It is explanatory drawing of a grip yawing angle. It is explanatory drawing of a D-type segment. It is an assembly procedure figure of segment piece C1. It is an assembly procedure figure of segment piece C1. It is an assembly procedure figure of segment piece D1. It is an assembly procedure figure of segment piece D1. It is an assembly procedure figure of segment piece P1. It is an assembly procedure figure of segment piece P1. It is an assembly procedure figure of segment piece D3. It is an assembly procedure figure of segment piece D3. It is an assembly procedure figure of segment piece K1. It is an assembly procedure figure of segment piece K1.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Excavator body 10 Cutter head 11 Cutter bit 12 Ring gear 13 Drive motor 14 Drive gear 15 Bulkhead 16 Chamber 17 Mud pipe 18 Mud pipe 20 Copy cutter 22 Shield jack 23 Vertical beam 24 Elector device 25 Tail packing 30 First slide Body 31 First swing body 32 First lifting body 33 Second swing body 34 Second lift body 35 Second slide body 36 Grip device 40 Slide guide 41 Linear guide 42 Lateral movement hydraulic motor 43 Pinion 44 Rack 45 First swing hydraulic motor 46 gear 47 first swing bearing 48 first lifting jack 49 guide rod 50 second swing hydraulic motor 51 gear 52 second swing bearing 53 linear guide 54 slide jack 55 guide rod 56 supporting inner cylinder 57 Ring 58 Support outer cylinder 59 Gear box 60 Gear 61 A pair of left and right gears 62 A pair of left and right yawing hydraulic motors 63 A pair of front and rear brackets 64 A hanging bracket 65 A gripping pin 66 A gripping jack 67 A support jack 68 A support piece 71a-71c Installation space for cables and power unit cables S Segment A First swivel axis B Second swivel axis C Yawing axis

Claims (1)

A tubular excavator body, a propulsion jack for advancing the excavator body, a cutter head rotatably supported at a front portion of the excavator body, a driving means for rotationally driving the cutter head, and the excavation In a tunnel excavator equipped with an erector device for assembling segments in the tail of the machine body,
The erector apparatus includes a first slide body that is movable in the left-right direction of the excavator body, and a first swing body that is supported by the first slide body so as to be pivotable about a first pivot shaft that extends in a tunnel excavation direction. A first elevating body supported by the first revolving body so as to be capable of ascending and descending, and the first elevating body being capable of revolving around a second revolving axis that is offset from the first revolving shaft in the radial direction of the tunnel. A second swivel body supported, a second lift body supported by the second swivel body so as to be movable up and down, a second slide body supported by the second lift body so as to be movable in the tunnel digging direction, A tunnel excavator comprising: a grip device supported by the second slide body so as to be capable of yawing about a yawing axis extending in a radial direction of the tunnel.

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