JP4519053B2 - Manufacturing method of high strength nut - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of high strength nut Download PDFInfo
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- JP4519053B2 JP4519053B2 JP2005298319A JP2005298319A JP4519053B2 JP 4519053 B2 JP4519053 B2 JP 4519053B2 JP 2005298319 A JP2005298319 A JP 2005298319A JP 2005298319 A JP2005298319 A JP 2005298319A JP 4519053 B2 JP4519053 B2 JP 4519053B2
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は高強度ナットの製造方法に関し、特にコストアップを招来することなく、高い強度を有するオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼製のナットの製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a high-strength nut, and particularly to a method for manufacturing a nut made of austenitic stainless steel having high strength without incurring an increase in cost.
例えば、部材を締結する場合、部材をボルトの頭部とナットとによって挟み、ボルト・ナットを相対的に螺進させて締め付ける方式が広く採用されている。 For example, when fastening a member, a method is widely adopted in which the member is sandwiched between a bolt head and a nut, and the bolt and nut are relatively screwed and tightened.
通常、ナットには炭素鋼、ステンレス鋼、低合金鋼などの各種の材料が用いられるが、耐食性を要求される用途にはステンレス鋼製ナットを用いることが多い。この種のステンレス鋼製ナットを製造する場合、熱間圧延された素材からナットブランクを削り出し、酸洗した後、ねじ立て加工を行い、あるいは熱間圧造されたナットブランクを酸洗した後、ねじ立て加工を行う、という方法が利用される（特許文献１）。 Normally, various materials such as carbon steel, stainless steel, and low alloy steel are used for the nut, but stainless steel nuts are often used for applications that require corrosion resistance. When manufacturing this kind of stainless steel nut, after cutting the nut blank from the hot-rolled material, pickling, after tapping, or pickling the hot forged nut blank, A method of tapping is used (Patent Document 1).
しかし、オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼製ナットの場合、上述の方法で製造されると、耐力が低く、わずかな応力で永久変形してしまうおそれがあり、強度を要求される用途には使用しにくい。 However, in the case of an austenitic stainless steel nut, if it is manufactured by the above-described method, the yield strength is low, and there is a risk of permanent deformation with a slight stress, which makes it difficult to use for applications that require strength.
その為、強度を要する用途には、冷間圧造されたブランク、あるいは冷間引抜した六角鋼材からナットを削り出す、という方法で製造したナットがよく利用されている。 For this reason, for applications requiring strength, a cold-forged blank or a nut manufactured by a method of cutting a nut from a cold-drawn hexagonal steel material is often used.
しかし、冷間圧造法では冷間で異形六角形状に引き抜くのに高価で大型の設備を必要とし、又冷間加工によって素材が加工硬化し、切断性や切削性が悪く、ねじ立て工程で使用するタップの原単価が高くなるなど、コストアップを招来する。 However, the cold heading method requires expensive and large-scale equipment for cold drawing into a deformed hexagonal shape, and the work is hardened by cold working, resulting in poor cutting and cutting properties, and is used in the tapping process. Incurs an increase in costs, such as an increase in the unit price of taps to be performed.
本発明はかかる問題点に鑑み、コストアップを招来することなく、高い強度を有する高強度ナットの製造方法を提供することを課題とする。 This invention makes it a subject to provide the manufacturing method of the high intensity | strength nut which has high intensity | strength without inviting a cost increase in view of this problem.
そこで、本発明に係る高強度ナットの製造方法は、ステンレス鋼製の高強度ナットを製造するにあたり、オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼の素材を塑性加工又は切削加工でナットブランクに加工し、加工したナットブランクの外表面に冷間加工を施すことによりナットブランクの外表面から少なくとも０．２ｍｍの深さに表面硬化層を形成し、ナットブランクにねじ加工を行い、保証荷重応力７００Ｎ／ｍｍ2以上の強度を有するナットを製造するようにしたことを特徴とする。 Therefore, the manufacturing method of the high-strength nut according to the present invention is to manufacture a high-strength nut made of stainless steel by processing an austenitic stainless steel material into a nut blank by plastic working or cutting, and processing the processed nut blank. By cold working the outer surface, a hardened surface layer is formed at a depth of at least 0.2 mm from the outer surface of the nut blank, and the nut blank is threaded to have a strength of guaranteed load stress of 700 N / mm 2 or more. It is characterized by producing a nut having the same.
本発明の特徴の１つはオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼を素材とし、塑性加工又は切削加工したナットブランクの外表面に冷間加工を行ってナットブランクの外表面から少なくとも０．２ｍｍの深さに表面硬化層を形成するようにした点にある。 One of the features of the present invention is that austenitic stainless steel is used as a raw material, and the outer surface of the nut blank that has been plastic-worked or machined is cold-worked so that the surface is hardened to a depth of at least 0.2 mm from the outer surface of the nut blank. The point is that a layer is formed.
これにより、保証荷重応力７００Ｎ／ｍｍ2以上の強度を有する高強度のナットを製造することができる。しかも、従来の製造方法に比して、ナットブランクの外表面への冷間加工を行うだけであるので、従来の製造方法に比してコスト高となることもない。 Thereby, a high-strength nut having a strength of guaranteed load stress of 700 N / mm 2 or more can be manufactured. Moreover, since only the cold working is performed on the outer surface of the nut blank as compared with the conventional manufacturing method, the cost is not increased as compared with the conventional manufacturing method.
上記では素材をナットブランクに塑性加工又は切削加工するようにしたが、予め塑性加工又は切削加工したナットブランクを用い、外表面に冷間加工を行うようにしても同様の高強度ナットが得られる。 In the above, the raw material is plastically processed or cut into a nut blank, but the same high-strength nut can be obtained even if a cold blanking is performed on the outer surface using a plastic blank or a previously cut nut blank. .
即ち、本発明に係る高強度ナットの製造方法は、ステンレス鋼製の高強度ナットを製造するにあたり、オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼製のナットブランクの外表面に冷間加工を施すことによりナットブランクの外表面から少なくとも０．２ｍｍの深さに表面硬化層を形成した後、ナットブランクにねじ加工を行い、保証荷重応力７００Ｎ／ｍｍ2以上の強度を有するナットを製造するようにしたことを特徴とする。 That is, the manufacturing method of the high-strength nut according to the present invention provides the outer surface of the nut blank by cold-working the outer surface of the nut blank made of austenitic stainless steel in manufacturing the high-strength nut made of stainless steel. After forming a hardened surface layer to a depth of at least 0.2 mm, the nut blank is threaded to produce a nut having a guaranteed load stress of 700 N / mm 2 or more.
保証荷重強度とは保証荷重試験（ＪＩＳ Ｂ １０５２ ８．１）によって試験され、ねじの呼び径が５Ｍ以上のナットの場合に満たすことが要求される強度をいう。 The guaranteed load strength is a strength required to be satisfied when a nut having a nominal screw diameter of 5M or more is tested by a guaranteed load test (JIS B 1052 8.1).
オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼には各種の組成のものを用いることができるが、本件発明者らの試験によれば、ＳＵＳ３０４（Ｃ：０．０８％以下、Ｓｉ：１．００％以下、Ｍｏ：２．００％以下、Ｐ：０．０４５％以下、Ｓ：０．０３０％以下、Ｎｉ：８．００〜１０．５０％、Ｃｒ：１８．００〜２０．００％）及びＳＵＳ３１６（Ｃ：０．０８％以下、Ｓｉ：１．００％以下、Ｍｏ：２．００％以下、Ｐ：０．０４５％以下、Ｓ：０．０３０％以下、Ｎｉ：１０．００〜１４．００％、Ｃｒ：１６．００〜１８．００％、Ｍｏ：２．００〜３．００％）が優れた効果を奏することが確認された。 As the austenitic stainless steel, those having various compositions can be used. According to the tests by the present inventors, SUS304 (C: 0.08% or less, Si: 1.00% or less, Mo: 2. 00% or less, P: 0.045% or less, S: 0.030% or less, Ni: 8.00 to 10.50%, Cr: 18.00 to 20.00%) and SUS316 (C: 0.08) %: Si: 1.00% or less, Mo: 2.00% or less, P: 0.045% or less, S: 0.030% or less, Ni: 10.00 to 14.00%, Cr: 16. 00 to 18.00%, Mo: 2.00 to 3.00%) were confirmed to have excellent effects.
冷間加工はナットブランクの外表面に表面硬化層を形成できればどのような加工方法でもよく、例えばナットブランクの外表面と硬質粒体との衝突によって冷間加工を行うことができる。この場合、衝突速度はそれほど高速でなくてよく、本件発明者らの実験によれば硬質粒体とナットブランクとをバレルに入れて共回転させて衝突させる程度の衝突でよいことが確認された。 The cold working may be performed by any working method as long as a hardened surface layer can be formed on the outer surface of the nut blank. For example, the cold working can be performed by collision between the outer surface of the nut blank and the hard particles. In this case, the collision speed need not be so high, and according to the experiments by the present inventors, it has been confirmed that the collision may be such that the hard particles and the nut blank are co-rotated and collided. .
また、冷却液を吹き付けるなどすることにより、硬質粒体の衝突によってナットブランクの表面温度が余り上昇しないようにするのがよいことも確認された。硬質粒体には例えば鋼粒やセラミック粒などを用いることができる。 Moreover, it was also confirmed that the surface temperature of the nut blank should not be excessively increased by the collision of hard particles by spraying a coolant. For example, steel grains or ceramic grains can be used as the hard grains.
ここで、塑性加工、切削加工、ねじ立て加工など、ナットブランクの外表面への冷間加工以外の工程は従来の製造方法と同様である。 Here, processes other than the cold working on the outer surface of the nut blank, such as plastic working, cutting, and tapping, are the same as in the conventional manufacturing method.
塑性加工、例えば熱間圧造は１０００°Ｃ〜１３００°Ｃの範囲内の温度で、３０トン〜２００トンの範囲内の荷重を用いて行うことができる。また、圧造設備は公知のナットフォーマ（ナット圧造機）を用いる。ナットブランクはナット外形状をなし、挿通穴を穿設したもので、雌ねじを加工する前の素形材をいう。 Plastic working, such as hot forging, can be performed at a temperature in the range of 1000 ° C. to 1300 ° C. with a load in the range of 30 to 200 tons. The forging equipment uses a known nut former (nut forging machine). A nut blank has an outer shape of a nut and has an insertion hole, and is a shape material before processing an internal thread.
また、オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼の素材又はナットブランクには必要に応じて熱処理を行うことができる。例えば、鋼中の析出物を固溶体中に溶け込ませることを目的として約１１００°Ｃの温度から急冷する、ＪＩＳ Ｇ ０２０１ ３１３２番に規定する固溶化熱処理を施すことができる。 In addition, the austenitic stainless steel material or the nut blank can be heat-treated as necessary. For example, a solution heat treatment as defined in JIS G 0201 3132, which is rapidly cooled from a temperature of about 1100 ° C. for the purpose of dissolving precipitates in steel into the solid solution, can be performed.
また、本発明によれば、オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼を素材とし、外表面から少なくとも０．２ｍｍの深さに表面硬化層が形成され、挿通穴内面に雌ねじが形成されており、保証荷重応力７００Ｎ／ｍｍ2以上の強度を有することを特徴とする高強度ナットを提供することができる。 In addition, according to the present invention, an austenitic stainless steel is used as a raw material, a hardened surface layer is formed at a depth of at least 0.2 mm from the outer surface, an internal thread is formed on the inner surface of the insertion hole, and a guaranteed load stress of 700 N / A high-strength nut characterized by having a strength of mm 2 or more can be provided.
以下、本発明を図面に示す具体例に基づいて詳細に説明する。図１及び図２は本発明に係る高強度ナットの製造方法を模式的に示す。本例ではオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼ＳＵＳ３０４を素材として用い、ナット圧造機を用い、１２００°Ｃの温度で荷重３０〜４０トンの条件でナット外形状に挿通穴１１を有するナットブランク１０を圧造した（ステップＳ１１）。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on specific examples shown in the drawings. 1 and 2 schematically show a method for producing a high-strength nut according to the present invention. In this example, austenitic stainless steel SUS304 was used as a raw material, and a nut blanking machine was used to forge a nut blank 10 having an
次に、圧造したナットブランク１０を１１００°Ｃで固溶化熱処理を行い、脱スケールのための酸洗後（ステップＳ１２、Ｓ１３）、水洗して酸液を除去し、ナットブランク１０を鋼粒とともにバレル研磨槽に投入し、ナットブランク１０の外表面に冷間加工を行い（ステップＳ１４）、水洗し湯洗した後、乾燥した。 Next, the forged nut blank 10 is subjected to a solution heat treatment at 1100 ° C., pickled for descaling (steps S12 and S13), washed with water to remove the acid solution, and the nut blank 10 together with the steel grains It put into the barrel polishing tank, cold worked on the outer surface of the nut blank 10 (step S14), washed with water, washed with hot water, and then dried.
最後に、ナットブラケットの挿通穴にタップを用いてねじ立て加工を行って雌ねじ２１を形成し（ステップＳ１５）、ナット製品２０を得た。
Finally, tapping was performed on the insertion hole of the nut bracket using a tap to form the internal thread 21 (step S15), and the
得られたナット製品（サイズＭ２０及びＭ２４）の外表面から中心に向かって４．０ｍｍまでの硬度を測定した。同様に、冷間加工を行わないナットについて外表面から中心に向かって４．５ｍｍまでの硬度を測定した。測定はＪＩＳ Ｚ ２２４４の規定に従い、荷重３００ｇｆとしてマイクロビッカース硬さを測定した。測定結果を図３及び図４に示す。図３及び図４から、冷間加工を行ったナット製品の場合、外表面から０．３ｍｍまでに硬化層が形成されていることが確認された。 The hardness of the obtained nut products (sizes M20 and M24) from the outer surface to the center was measured up to 4.0 mm. Similarly, the hardness up to 4.5 mm from the outer surface toward the center was measured for a nut that was not cold worked. The measurement was performed according to JIS Z 2244, and the micro Vickers hardness was measured with a load of 300 gf. The measurement results are shown in FIGS. From FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, it was confirmed that a hardened layer was formed from the outer surface to 0.3 mm in the case of a nut product that was cold worked.
次に、最大引張荷重試験を行った。試験結果を表１及び表２に示す。表１及び表２から、冷間加工を行ったナット製品は行わないナットに比して最大引張荷重が大きいことが確認された。 Next, a maximum tensile load test was performed. The test results are shown in Tables 1 and 2. From Table 1 and Table 2, it was confirmed that the nut product that was cold worked had a larger maximum tensile load than the nut that was not.
表１
冷間加工あり 冷間加工なし
荷重（ＫＮ） 応力（Ｎ／ｍｍ2） 荷重（ＫＮ） 応力（Ｎ／ｍｍ2）
試料１ ２７１ ７６８ ２５３ ７１７
試料２ ２６６ ７５３ ２５３ ７１７
試料３ ２６９ ７６２ ２４７ ７００
試料４ ２６５ ７５０ ２５０ ７０８
試料５ ２６０ ７３６ ２４９ ７０５
平均 ２６６．２ ７５４ ２５０．４ ７０９
但し、材料ＳＵＳ３０４、 サイズＭ２４（有効断面積３５３ｍｍ2）である。
Table 1
With cold working Without cold working
Load (KN) Stress (N / mm 2 ) Load (KN) Stress (N / mm 2 )
Sample 1 271 768 253 717
Sample 2 266 753 253 717
Sample 3 269 762 247 700
Sample 4 265 750 250 708
Sample 5 260 736 249 705
Average 266.2 754 250.4 709
However, the material is SUS304, and the size is M24 (effective cross-sectional area 353 mm 2 ).
表２
冷間加工あり 冷間加工なし
荷重（ＫＮ） 応力（Ｎ／ｍｍ2） 荷重（ＫＮ） 応力（Ｎ／ｍｍ2）
試料１ １８７ ７６３ １７１ ６９７
試料２ １８２ ７４３ １７５ ７１４
試料３ １８１ ７３８ １７６ ７１８
試料４ １８０ ７３５ １７７ ７２２
試料５ １８４ ７５１ １７１ ６９８
平均 １８２．８ ７４６ １７４．０ ７１０
但し、材料ＳＵＳ３０４、 サイズＭ２０（有効断面積２４５ｍｍ2）である。
Table 2
With cold working Without cold working
Load (KN) Stress (N / mm 2 ) Load (KN) Stress (N / mm 2 )
Sample 1 187 763 171 697
Sample 2 182 743 175 714
Sample 3 181 738 176 718
Sample 4 180 735 177 722
Sample 5 184 751 171 698
Average 182.8 746 174.0 710
However, it is material SUS304 and size M20 (effective cross-sectional area 245 mm < 2 >).
また、ＪＩＳ Ｂ １０５２ ８．１に規定の保証荷重試験を行ったところ、７００Ｎ／ｍｍ2以上の保証荷重応力があることが確認された。 Further, when a proof load test specified in JIS B 1052 8.1 was performed, it was confirmed that there was a proof load stress of 700 N / mm 2 or more.
同様に、熱間圧造された後固溶体化処理され酸洗されたＳＵＳ３０４のナットブランクを用い、これに第１の実施形態と同様に冷間加工を行った後、ねじ立て加工を行ってナット製品を得た。 Similarly, a SUS304 nut blank that has been hot forged and then subjected to solid solution treatment and pickling was subjected to cold working in the same manner as in the first embodiment, followed by tapping to obtain a nut product. Got.
このナット製品も第１の実施形態と同等の機械的特性を有することが確認された。 It was confirmed that this nut product also has the same mechanical characteristics as the first embodiment.
１０ ナットブランク
１１ ナット本体
１２ 挿通穴
２０ ナット製品
２１ 雌ねじ
10
Claims (3)
オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼の素材を塑性加工又は切削加工でナットブランクに加工し、固溶化熱処理、脱スケールを施し、次いで、ナットブランクの外表面に硬質粒体との衝突によって冷間加工を施すことによりナットブランクの外表面から少なくとも０．２ｍｍの深さに表面硬化層を形成し、ナットブランクにねじ加工を行い、保証荷重応力７００Ｎ／ｍｍ2以上の強度を有するナットを製造するようにしたことを特徴とする高強度ナットの製造方法。 In producing high strength nuts made of stainless steel,
By processing austenitic stainless steel material into a nut blank by plastic working or cutting, solution heat treatment, descaling, and then cold working the outer surface of the nut blank by collision with hard particles A surface hardened layer is formed at a depth of at least 0.2 mm from the outer surface of the nut blank, and the nut blank is threaded to produce a nut having a strength of guaranteed load stress of 700 N / mm 2 or more. A manufacturing method of a high-strength nut characterized.
熱間圧造されたオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼製のナットブランクに固溶化熱処理、脱スケールを施し、次いで、ナットブランクの外表面に硬質粒体との衝突によって冷間加工を施すことによりナットブランクの外表面から少なくとも０．２ｍｍの深さに表面硬化層を形成した後、ナットブランクにねじ加工を行い、保証荷重応力７００Ｎ／ｍｍ2以上の強度を有するナットを製造するようにしたことを特徴とする高強度ナットの製造方法。 In producing high strength nuts made of stainless steel,
The outer surface of the nut blank is subjected to solution heat treatment and descaling to a nut blank made of austenitic stainless steel that has been hot forged , and then cold-worked by collision with hard particles on the outer surface of the nut blank. After forming a hardened surface layer to a depth of at least 0.2 mm from the screw, the nut blank is threaded to produce a nut having a guaranteed load stress of 700 N / mm 2 or more. Strength nut manufacturing method.
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| JP5588110B2 (en) * | 2009-01-15 | 2014-09-10 | 濱中ナット株式会社 | Female thread parts |
| JP5396089B2 (en) * | 2009-01-15 | 2014-01-22 | 濱中ナット株式会社 | Hot forged stainless nut |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5510383A (en) * | 1978-07-11 | 1980-01-24 | Hamanaka Natsuto Kk | Manufacture of polished nut by hot nut former |
| JPS59162224A (en) * | 1983-03-07 | 1984-09-13 | Toyo Seisen Kk | Production of stainless steel bolt and nut and its product |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5510383A (en) * | 1978-07-11 | 1980-01-24 | Hamanaka Natsuto Kk | Manufacture of polished nut by hot nut former |
| JPS59162224A (en) * | 1983-03-07 | 1984-09-13 | Toyo Seisen Kk | Production of stainless steel bolt and nut and its product |
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