JP4516341B2 - Seat reservation method and seat reservation system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a seat reservation method and a seat reservation system, and more particularly, to improve seat operation efficiency and passenger convenience when assigning seats for railways, airplanes, theaters, etc. and hotel rooms according to user reservation requests. The present invention relates to a seat reservation method and a seat reservation system that are favorably used to improve the performance.

  As a seat reservation service in a railroad or the like, an Internet reservation for making a reservation by accessing a Web site operated by a railway operator using a personal computer or a mobile phone has become widespread. Each of these seat reservation services needs to designate one train for each reservation. For example, the techniques described in Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, Patent Document 3, and the like are known as conventional techniques related to a flexible reservation system that temporarily reserves seats for a plurality of trains and confirms the reservation by the boarding date. .

However, each of the prior art described in these publications reserves a seat frame for accepting flexible reservations in advance, clearly distinguishes the seat frame from a normal reservation service, and requests for individual provisional reservations. However, it is necessary to secure an actual seat inventory, and it is not possible for another person to make a tentative reservation for a tentatively reserved seat. Therefore, these conventional technologies are concerned that the operating efficiency of the seat will be extremely deteriorated if the seat deadline is allowed until just before boarding, and if the seat operating efficiency is to be improved, the seat deadline is set early. It is necessary and the advantage of flexible reservation service is diminished. As described above, the flexible reservation method according to the related art cannot sufficiently cope with the problem of achieving both the operation efficiency of the seat and the improvement of the convenience of the passenger.
JP 2002-92107 A JP 2002-32647 A JP 2003-281240 A

  In the case of a conventional seat reservation in which one train is specified for each reservation, it takes time to change the reservation to an alternative train when the user's schedule is changed, and in some cases, the reservation is made when the alternative train is full There is a problem that there are things that cannot be done. In this way, the conventional seat reservation system that designates one train for each reservation is sufficient for the user's request to secure a seat when the user's schedule is uncertain. It could not be said.

  In addition, when the user's schedule is changed, there is a case where the user gets on a free seat of an alternative train without changing the reservation (no default). Such a seat that failed to be reserved can be sold again if cancellation processing is performed on the seat reservation system, but the conventional seat reservation system detects the occurrence of reservation failure on the system side, There is no function to perform the cancellation process, and the cancellation process is performed in response to the cancellation request from the user. As a result, it was not possible to resell seats that failed to make reservations, resulting in a decrease in seat operating efficiency due to an increase in non-reservations, which was a factor that reduced the opportunity for railway operators to earn revenue.

  A first object of the present invention is to reserve a plurality of trains at the same time when making a reservation so that a train to be used can be selected in accordance with the convenience of the user. And providing a seat reservation system.

  In addition, the second object of the present invention is to suppress the occurrence of non-reservation by the user, to efficiently manage the seat inventory, to manage the seat inventory, and to provide a seat that is highly profitable for the railway operator. It is to provide a reservation method and a seat reservation system.

  According to the present invention, in the seat reservation method for reserving a seat of a transportation facility at a user's request, when receiving a reservation from a user, a step of receiving a provisional reservation of a plurality of moving means; The step of predicting the individual use probability by the user of the plurality of moving means corresponding to the provisional reservation, the predicted use probability, and the number of reservations that can be accepted for each use section of each moving means generated from the reservation information are used. A step of making a temporary reservation after determining whether or not each mobile means corresponding to the plurality of temporary reservations is possible, and a plurality of temporary reservations at any timing when the user can use the mobile means And a step of assigning a seat of a moving means corresponding to the request and notifying the user of the result when requesting the main reservation for an arbitrary reservation from the above. That.

According to the present invention, for the operators of the railway, etc., for as possible out is possible to enhance the operational efficiency of the seat, it is possible to reduce the probability of non-reserved for reservation request, to confirm the reservation until the ride just before Therefore, it is possible to reduce the number of non-execution of reservations, and it is possible to obtain the effects of saving labor in window handling operations such as changing reserved seats.

  In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to easily secure seats for uncertain schedules for users of railways and the like, and there is an effect that procedures at a window such as reservation change are unnecessary. Can do.

  Embodiments of a seat reservation method and a seat reservation system according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. The embodiment of the present invention described below will be described assuming that the present invention is applied to a railway seat reservation method and a seat reservation system. However, the present invention is not limited to reservations for airplanes, movie theaters, hotels, etc. Can also be applied.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of a seat reservation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  The seat reservation system 1000 includes an inventory management unit 1010 that performs vacancy inquiry and the like, a reservation management unit 1020 that receives user reservation requests, a seat management unit 1030 that allocates seats, a ticket management unit 1040 that issues and settles tickets, A boarding management unit 1050 for managing ticket usage results, an inventory management database (hereinafter referred to as DB) 1060 corresponding to each function unit, a reservation management DB 1070, a seat management DB 1080, a ticket management DB 1090, a boarding management DB 1100, and a train selection A model 1110 and a train selection model management unit 1120 for managing the model 1110 are provided. Each of the functional units described above is connected to various terminal devices for users (vacancy inquiry terminal 1140, seat reservation terminal 1150, seat notification terminal 1160, ticketing terminal 1170, ticket gate 1180) via the communication control unit 1130. At the same time, it is also connected to a payment system 1190 such as a credit system. The vacant seat inquiry terminal 1140, the seat reservation terminal 1150, the seat notification terminal 1160, and the ticket issuing terminal 1170 are user terminals, and may be composed of a single device, for example, a mobile phone connected to the Internet, a personal computer, or a station Or a dedicated terminal installed in a travel agency.

  The above-described seat reservation system 1000 can be configured by an information processing device such as a CPU, an external storage device such as a CPU, a memory, and an HDD, a display device, etc., and a workstation. This can be realized by executing a program corresponding to each function stored in the.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the user terminal. The user terminal includes an input device 2010 such as a keyboard, a mouse, and an electronic pen, an output device 2020 such as a display and a speaker, an arithmetic device 2030, a storage device 2040, a business program 2050, and a power supply device 2060. The business program 2050 is a vacant seat inquiry program, a seat reservation program, a seat notification program, a ticket issuing program, and the like. By these programs, the vacant seat inquiry terminal 1140, the seat reservation terminal 1150, the seat notification terminal 1160, and the ticket issuing terminal 1170 have the same hardware. It can be configured by hardware. When the user terminal is a mobile phone or personal computer connected to the Internet, there are cases where a business program such as vacant seat inquiry is unnecessary in the terminal.

  Next, processing when the user terminal shown in FIG. 2 has a vacant seat inquiry program as the business program 2050 and inquires about vacant seats will be described.

  FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the processing operation of the vacant seat inquiry in the embodiment of the present invention, and the user inquires about the vacant seat status in the procedure described below.

(1) First, the user inputs the train conditions (date, train name, section, number of passengers, etc.) that he / she wants to reserve from a mobile phone or the like that has a function as a vacant seat introduction terminal 1140 connected to the Internet. Then, the vacant seat inquiry request is transmitted to the seat reservation system 1000 together with the previously entered conditions (steps 3010 and 3020).

(2) When the seat reservation system 1000 receives the vacancy inquiry request, the inventory management unit 1020 of the seat reservation system determines the vacancy status by comparing the contents of the received vacancy inquiry request with the inventory management DB 1060, and determines the vacancy status. It transmits to the introduction terminal 1140 (steps 3030, 3040, 3050).

(3) The vacant seat inquiry terminal 1140 receives the vacant seat inquiry result, and displays the vacant seat inquiry result (steps 3060 and 3070).

  The inventory management DB in the conventional seat reservation system is configured to manage the reservation status for each physical seat, but the inventory management DB in the embodiment of the present invention manages the reservation status of the seat. Instead of a method, it takes a configuration that manages the number of reservations that can be accepted for each train / ride section. In the embodiment of the present invention, for convenience, the conventional inventory management method is called real inventory management, and the inventory management method in the present invention is called virtual inventory management.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the comparison between real inventory management and virtual inventory management. When managing the reservation status of five seats from seats A to E, the conventional real inventory management 4010 method uses the reservation status of each seat and each section as shown in FIG. Manage in a two-dimensional matrix. In the example shown in FIG. 4A, the case where all the five seats between Tokyo and Shin-Osaka are vacant is shown. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4B, the method of virtual inventory management 4020 according to the present invention manages the number of vacant seats in which the vacant seat section and the longest reservable section match for all combinations of boarding sections. For example, if all five seats between Tokyo and Shin-Osaka are vacant, in virtual inventory management, there is a vacant section between Tokyo and Osaka, which matches the longest reserved section, so 5 is set for that section. All other riding sections where the vacant seat section and the longest reserved section do not match are set to 0.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the comparison between the real stock and the virtual stock at the time of reservation reception. When reservations for seat A and seat B are accepted from Tokyo to Nagoya, the method of real inventory management 5010 is performed by updating the reservation status of seat A and seat B as shown in FIG. Perform management. On the other hand, when a similar reservation is accepted, the virtual inventory management 5020 method decreases the inventory between Tokyo and Osaka by 2, as shown in FIG. Increase new inventory from Nagoya to Shin-Osaka. In the process of step 3040 described with reference to FIG. 3, the presence or absence of a vacant seat is determined by referring to this virtual inventory management DB and the vacant seat inquiry request.

  The embodiment of the present invention provides a flexible reservation service that makes provisional reservations for a plurality of reservations and determines reservations immediately before boarding. First, a setting method of a train selection model and a train selection rate (a use probability that a user uses the train), which are important in explaining the method of realizing this service, will be described.

  In order to realize a flexible reservation service that allows the reservation deadline until just before boarding, taking into account the convenience of the user, the probability that the reservation will be made for multiple provisionally reserved trains. It is necessary to make a prediction in advance, and increasing the prediction accuracy prevents a reduction in seat operation efficiency. Here, a model for deriving the probability of making a full reservation for a plurality of trains that have made a temporary reservation is called a train selection model.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a train selection model. The simplest example of the train selection model is a uniform distribution model in which the boarding probability is set equally for a plurality of trains. According to the uniform distribution model, for example, when a tentative reservation is made for four trains, the probability of the main reservation for each train is 25%. Such a train selection model is considered to change depending on various factors such as a time zone and a day of the week as well as a use section.

  Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the reservation management DB 1070 for managing the provisional reservation information accumulated by the reservation system and the actual reservation record 6020 corresponding to the reservation management DB 1070 are used as input data, and train selection model generation processing 6030 is performed. A train selection model 6060 under various conditions such as a belt 6040 and a use section 6050 is constructed. In the above, the data of the actual reservation record 6020 is the actual data of how the actual reservation is made for the seats of each train when the seats of a plurality of trains in a certain time zone are provisionally reserved. . And the train selection model 6060 is constructed | assembled based on this performance data. For example, when seats of multiple trains between Tokyo and Nagoya are temporarily reserved between 18:00 and 20:00, the selection rate of the main reservation for each train can be obtained from the actual data, and thereby the train selection model 6060 can be constructed.

  By using the train selection model as described above, a train selection rate (probability of actual reservation) can be set for each of a plurality of temporarily reserved trains.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a method for setting a train selection rate. When a reservation request such as the reservation request 7010 is received, a temporary reservation is made by the train selection rate calculation processing 7030 in comparison with the train selection model 7020 corresponding to the reservation request (equivalent to the train selection model 6060 shown in FIG. 6). A train selection rate 7040 is set for each of a plurality of target trains. In the example illustrated in FIG. 7, the provisional reservation requests are four trains having a boarding section “Tokyo to Nagoya”, the number of people “two adults”, and the train ID for which the provisional reservation is performed is “001 to 004”. The train selection rate at the departure time of each train can be obtained from the train selection model 7020. In this case, since the total train selection rate obtained from the model is not necessarily 100%, in the train selection rate calculation processing 7030, normalization is performed so that the total selection rate of each train is 100%. The train selection rate for each temporarily reserved train is obtained and set. Although the method for setting the train selection rate from the train selection model has been described here, the train selection rate may be set by self-reporting when the user makes a reservation.

  FIG. 8 is a flowchart for explaining the processing operation of the provisional reservation of seats. Next, the provisional reservation processing in the flexible reservation service will be described with reference to this flow.

(1) First, the user identifies the train conditions (date, train name, section, number of people, etc.) and the user who wants to make a tentative reservation from a mobile phone or the like as the seat reservation terminal 1150 connected to the Internet or the like. The user ID is input, and a reservation request is transmitted to the seat reservation system 1000 (steps 8010 and 8020).

(2) When the seat reservation system 1000 receives the reservation request, the seat reservation system 1000 determines whether reservation is possible for each of the plurality of trains by comparing the inventory management DB 1060 of the seat reservation system with the contents of the reservation request. Details of the determination as to whether or not the reservation is possible will be described later (steps 8030 and 8040).

(3) Subsequently, the seat reservation system 1000 transmits a list of trains that can be reserved based on the determination result of the reservation availability to the mobile phone as the seat reservation terminal 1150 (step 8050).

(4) The seat reservation terminal receives and displays a list of trains that can be reserved sent from the seat reservation system 1000 in step 8050. The user selects a train to make a temporary reservation from the displayed list of trains that can be reserved, and transmits a temporary reservation confirmation request to the reservation system (steps 8060, 8070, and 8080).

(5) The seat reservation system 1000 receives the reservation confirmation request sent from the user terminal in the process of step 8080, sets the reservation ID in the reservation confirmation request, and updates the reservation management DB (step 8090, 8100).

(6) Thereafter, the seat reservation system 1000 updates the inventory management DB of the temporary reservation target train, transmits a reservation completion report to the user terminal, and ends the processing in the own system. On the other hand, the user terminal receives the end report from the seat reservation system 1000 and ends the seat processing procedure. Details of the update of the inventory management DB will be described later (steps 8110, 8120, 8130).

  FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining the reservation availability determination process at step 8040 in the flow of FIG. 8, which will be described next.

(1) The seat reservation system 1000 first refers to the reservation conditions, searches and references a train selection model corresponding to the reservation conditions, and then trains each of the temporary reservation target trains based on the train selection model. The selection rate is calculated and set (steps 9010, 9020, 9030).

(2) Next, the seat reservation system 1000 selects one provisional reservation target train for which reservation determination has not been completed, adds up the train selection rate of the train and the number of reservations, and then The virtual inventory quantity of the reserved section is referred from the inventory management DB 1060 (steps 9040, 9050, 9060).

(3) Next, the seat reservation system 1000 compares the integrated value in the process of step 9050 with the virtual inventory quantity to determine whether reservation is possible and determines whether reservation is possible for all temporary reservation target trains. If NO in step 9040, the flow returns to the processing from step 9040 to repeat the processing. If the processing has ended, the determination processing ends (steps 9070 and 9080).

  The basic criteria for determining the reservation is that if the accumulated value> the number of stocks, reservation is not possible, and otherwise the reservation is possible, but the prediction error of the train selection rate by the reservation selection model It is also possible to set the judgment criteria strictly in consideration of, etc., or conversely, to set the judgment criteria loosely in consideration of the occurrence of reservation failure. In the embodiment described here, it is determined that only reservation No. 002 of reservation No. 001, No. 002, No. 003, and No. 004, which is a reservation request object, cannot be reserved by determining whether reservation is possible. The following explanation will be continued.

  FIG. 10 shows the configuration of the reservation management DB 1070 shown in FIG. 1 and also used in the above-described processing. The reservation management DB 1070 is a DB for managing reservation information for which provisional reservation has been received. The user ID 10011, the reservation date 10012, the use section 10013, the number of users 10014, the non-smoking designation flag 10015, the window side designation flag 10016, and the provisional reservation train list 10017 Information such as a reservation confirmation flag 10018 and a book reservation train ID is managed.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining a method for updating the inventory management DB 1060 at the time of provisional reservation reception. Next, with reference to FIG. 11, a method for updating the inventory management DB in step 8110 described with reference to FIG. 8 will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 11A, in the reservation availability determination process, the selection rate 11010 when 4 trains having train IDs 001 to 004 are temporarily reserved has been calculated, but the train ID 002 is temporarily reserved according to the reservation availability determination. Since it becomes impossible, the train selection rate 11020 when the 3 trains that can be reserved again are temporarily reserved is calculated. This calculation is a calculation for normalizing from the selection rate 11010 of 3 trains so that the total selection rate of each train is 100% for 3 trains that can be reserved. Then, an integrated value 11030 obtained by multiplying the calculation result of the selection rate of each train by the number of reservations is obtained. This integrated value is a value obtained by stochastically quantifying the number of reservations for each temporary reservation target train, and this value is reflected in the inventory management DB 1060. Here, FIG. 11B will be described as an example of updating the inventory management DB of the train ID001. By accepting this provisional reservation, it is predicted that 0.67 people will newly make a real reservation for train ID001 from Tokyo to Nagoya. In addition, since the virtual inventory number of train ID001 from Tokyo to Nagoya is zero, the inventory from Tokyo to Nagoya is allocated using the virtual inventory of 5 seats from Tokyo to Shin-Osaka. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 11 (b), the stock quantity from Tokyo to Nagoya is 4.33 seats, which is 0.67 seats down from 5 seats, which adds 0.67 seats from Nagoya to Shin-Osaka stock. Is done.

  FIG. 12 is a flowchart for explaining the processing in the case of making a final reservation (seat confirmation) at a later date for the train that has made the provisional reservation described above, and this will be described next. Through this process, the user can confirm the reservation and the seat ID.

(1) A user first inputs a reservation request and a user ID for identifying the user from a mobile phone connected to the Internet or the like, and transmits the reservation request to the seat reservation system 1000 (step) 12010, 12020).

(2) When the seat reservation system 1000 receives a main reservation request from the user, the seat reservation system 1000 refers to the reservation information in which the user is temporarily reserved from the reservation management DB 1070 using the user ID as a search key. Then, the temporary reservation information of the user is transmitted to a mobile phone or the like as the user terminal (steps 12030, 12040, 12050).

(3) The user terminal receives and displays a train list that has been provisionally reserved by the user sent from the seat reservation system 1000. Next, the user designates one of the trains in the provisional reservation that he / she wants to make a main reservation, and transmits the request for the main reservation together with the designated train ID to the seat reservation system (steps 12060, 12070, and 12080).

(4) When the seat reservation system 1000 receives the actual reservation request from the user, the seat reservation system 1000 refers to the conditions (seat ID, number of reserved persons, smoking cessation / smoking, window / passage) regarding the seat assignment from the reservation management DB 1070, Then, the seats satisfying the conditions are assigned, and the reservation information (train name, boarding section, departure time, seat number, etc.) is transmitted to the user terminal (steps 12090, 12100, 12110, 12120).

(5) The user terminal receives the main reservation information sent from the seat reservation system 1000, displays the main reservation information, and ends the processing here (steps 12160 and 12170).

(6) The seat reservation system 1000 transmits the actual reservation information to the user terminal in the process of step 12120, registers the assignment result in the seat management DB 1080, and then reserves the reservation confirmation flag in the reservation management DB 1070. And the number of reservations set as a probabilistic value in the inventory management DB 1060 is updated with the real value of the actual reservation, and the processing here ends (steps 12130, 12140, and 12150).

  FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the configuration of the seat management DB 1080. The seat management DB 1080 is a DB that manages the seat assignment status of each train, and manages seats by setting a reservation ID in a two-dimensional matrix composed of a seat ID and each boarding section for each train ID. It is.

  FIG. 14 is a flowchart for explaining the ticket issuing process for the train that has made the main reservation described above. Next, this will be described. The user can receive a ticket for the train that has made the reservation through this processing.

(1) First, a user inputs a ticket issuing request and a user ID for identifying the user from a mobile phone connected to the Internet or a terminal installed at a station or a travel agency, and issues a ticket. The request is transmitted to the seat reservation system 1000 (steps 14010 and 14020).

(2) Upon receiving a ticketing request from a user, the seat reservation system 1000 refers to the reservation information that the user is making a reservation from the reservation management DB using the user ID as a search key, and The reservation information is transmitted to the user terminal (steps 14030, 14040, 14050).

(3) The user terminal receives and displays the train list that has been reserved by the user sent from the seat reservation system 1000. The user designates the book reservation to be issued from the displayed list, and transmits a ticket issue request together with the designated reservation ID to the seat reservation system 1000 (steps 14060, 14070, and 14080).

(4) Upon receiving a ticketing request from the user, the seat reservation system 1000 refers to the seat management DB 1080 and creates ticketing information such as ticket IDs and ticket printing information for managing individual ticket information and ticketing information. Next, the seat reservation system 1000 transmits ticketing information (train name, boarding section, departure time, seat number, etc.) to the ticketing machine or the user terminal (steps 14090, 14100, 14110, 14120).

(5) When the ticket issuing machine or the user terminal receives the ticket issuing information sent from the seat reservation system 1000, the ticket is printed out from the ticket issuing machine. When the user terminal is a mobile phone, the ticket information is stored inside. The ticketing process is performed by storing or the like, and the process here is terminated (steps 14150 and 14160).

(6) The seat reservation system 1000 transmits the ticket issuing information to the user terminal in the process of step 14120, registers the ticket issuing information in the ticket management DB 1090, and then sends it to an external settlement system 1190 such as a credit system. Then, the user ID information and the payment amount are transmitted to request a payment procedure, and the processing here is terminated (steps 14030 and 14040).

  FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the configuration of the ticket management DB 1090. The ticket management DB 1090 is a DB that manages ticket information that has been issued, and manages information such as a user ID 15011, a use section 15012, a train ID 15013, a seat ID 15014, a ticket issue date 15015, a fare 15016, and an expiration date 15017. It is.

  Each processing in the above-described embodiment of the present invention can be configured as a processing program, and this processing program is stored in a recording medium such as HD, DAT, FD, MO, DVD-ROM, and CD-ROM and provided. can do.

  In addition, although the embodiment of the present invention described above has been described as provisionally reserving seats of a plurality of trains in the same boarding section and at different times on the same day, the present invention provides a plurality of different boarding sections and different times on different days. This can also be applied to a case where a train seat is temporarily reserved.

  According to the embodiment of the present invention described above, for operators such as railways, the operating efficiency of seats can be improved, so the probability that reservations cannot be made for reservation requests can be reduced, and until just before boarding. Since the reservation can be finalized, it is possible to reduce the number of non-performing reservations and to save labor in the window handling work such as changing the reserved seat.

  In addition, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, it is possible for a user such as a railroad to easily secure a seat even for an uncertain schedule, and a procedure at a window such as a reservation change becomes unnecessary. The effect that can be obtained.

1 is a block diagram illustrating an overall configuration of a seat reservation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of a user terminal. It is a flowchart explaining the processing operation | movement of the vacant seat inquiry in embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining contrasting real stock management and virtual stock management. It is a figure explaining a real inventory at the time of reservation reception, and a virtual inventory in contrast. It is a figure explaining a train selection model. It is a figure explaining the setting method of a train selection rate. It is a flowchart explaining the processing operation of the temporary reservation of a seat. It is a flowchart explaining the process of the reservation decision | availability determination in the flow of FIG. It is a figure which shows the structure of reservation management DB. It is a figure explaining the update method of inventory management DB at the time of temporary reservation reception. It is a flowchart explaining the process in the case of performing the main reservation (seat confirmation) of the train which performed provisional reservation. It is a figure which shows the structure of seat management DB. It is a flowchart explaining the process of ticket issuing of the train which performed this reservation. It is a figure which shows the structure of ticket management DB.

Explanation of symbols

1000 seat reservation system 1010 inventory management unit 1020 reservation management unit 1030 seat management unit 1040 ticket management unit 1050 boarding management unit 1060 inventory management DB
1070 Reservation management DB
1080 Seat management DB
1090 Ticket management DB
1100 Ride Management DB
1110 Train selection model 1120 Train selection model management unit 1130 Communication control unit 1140 Vacant seat inquiry terminal 1150 Seat reservation terminal 1160 Seat notification terminal 1170 Ticket issuing terminal 1180 Ticket gate 1190 Payment system 1190
2010 input device 2020 output device 2030 arithmetic device 2040 storage device 2050 business program 2060 power supply device

Claims (14)

  In a seat reservation method for reserving a seat of a transportation facility according to a user's request, when receiving a reservation from a user, a step of receiving a temporary reservation of a plurality of moving means, and a plurality of moving means corresponding to the plurality of temporary reservations Corresponding to the plurality of provisional reservations using the step of predicting the individual use probability by the user, the predicted use probability, and the number of reservations available for each use section of each moving means generated from the reservation information A step of making a tentative reservation after determining whether or not a tentative reservation for each moving means is possible, and for any reservation from a plurality of tentative reservations at any timing when the user can use the moving means A seat reservation method comprising: a step of assigning a seat of a moving unit corresponding to the request and notifying the user of the result when the reservation is requested.   When assigning a seat in response to a request for a main reservation by the user, the method includes a step of creating ticket information for using the moving means and a step of issuing a ticket based on the ticket information. The seat reservation method according to claim 1.   The individual use probability of the plurality of moving means is predicted by a step of obtaining from the history of temporary reservation information accumulated by the system and this reservation information, or a step of obtaining from the information related to the boarding probability inputted by the user at the time of temporary reservation. The seat reservation method according to claim 1.   Judgment as to whether or not provisional reservation is possible in the step of performing provisional reservation is based on the step of obtaining an integrated value of the use probability of the moving means and the number of reserved persons, and the actual value of the integrated value and the use probability of each moving means. 2. The seat according to claim 1, wherein the seat is compared with the obtained virtual inventory number and a step of determining that provisional reservation is possible when the virtual inventory number is larger than the integrated value as a result of the comparison. Reservation method.   4. The seat reservation method according to claim 3, further comprising the step of updating the number of receivable reservations of a plurality of temporarily reserved moving means for each use section using the use probability prediction result.   When the request for the main reservation is received, the predicted value of the use probability of each moving means stored as the predicted value when the user makes a temporary reservation is replaced with the actual value, and this result is replaced by the corresponding moving means. 2. The seat reservation method according to claim 1, further comprising a step of reflecting the number of reservations that can be accepted in a table for managing the number of reservations. The step of accepting provisional reservations of the plurality of moving means accepts, as provisional reservations, use sections designated by the user in a plurality of use sections for each of the plurality of movement means. The seat reservation method described. In a seat reservation system for reserving a seat of a transportation facility according to a user's request, when accepting a reservation from a user, a means for accepting a provisional reservation of a plurality of transportation means, and a plurality of transportation means corresponding to the plurality of provisional reservations Corresponding to the plurality of provisional reservations using means for predicting individual use probabilities by the user, the predicted use probabilities, and the number of reservations available for each use section of each moving means generated from the reservation information A means for making a tentative reservation after determining whether or not a provisional reservation can be made for each moving means, and for any reservation from a plurality of tentative reservations at any timing when the user can use the means A seat reservation system comprising: means for allocating a seat of a moving unit corresponding to the request and notifying a user of the result when the reservation is requested . When seats are allocated in response to the user's request for a reservation, it has means for creating ticket information for using the moving means and means for issuing a ticket based on the ticket information. The seat reservation system according to claim 8 . Individual use probabilities of the plurality of moving means are predicted by means obtained from the history of temporary reservation information accumulated by the system and the actual reservation information, or means obtained from information relating to the boarding probability input by the user at the time of temporary reservation. The seat reservation system according to claim 8 . The means for making a tentative reservation is a means for determining whether or not a tentative reservation is possible, a means for obtaining an integrated value of the use probability of the moving means and the number of reserved persons, and a record of the integrated value and the use probability for each moving means. 9. The seat according to claim 8, further comprising: means for comparing the virtual inventory quantity obtained from the above; and means for determining that provisional reservation is possible when the virtual inventory quantity is larger than the integrated value as a result of comparison. Reservation system. 11. The seat reservation system according to claim 10, further comprising means for updating the number of receivable reservations of a plurality of temporarily reserved moving means for each use section using the prediction result of the use probability . When the request for the main reservation is received, the predicted value of the use probability of each moving means stored as the predicted value when the user makes a temporary reservation is replaced with the actual value, and this result is replaced by the corresponding moving means. 9. The seat reservation system according to claim 8, further comprising means for reflecting the number of reservations that can be accepted in a table for managing . 9. The means for accepting provisional reservations of the plurality of movement means accepts, as provisional reservations, use sections designated by the user in a plurality of use sections for each of the plurality of movement means. The listed seat reservation system.

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