JP4514901B2 - Purification method for (meth) acrylic acid, etc. - Google Patents

Purification method for (meth) acrylic acid, etc. Download PDF

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JP4514901B2
JP4514901B2 JP2000168001A JP2000168001A JP4514901B2 JP 4514901 B2 JP4514901 B2 JP 4514901B2 JP 2000168001 A JP2000168001 A JP 2000168001A JP 2000168001 A JP2000168001 A JP 2000168001A JP 4514901 B2 JP4514901 B2 JP 4514901B2
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liquid
gas
purification
tower
baffle plate
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JP2001046802A (en
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武 西村
行弘 松本
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Nippon Shokubai Co Ltd
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Nippon Shokubai Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は易閉塞性物質を含む有機化合物の精製方法に関し、詳細にはスラリーや重合物の如き不溶性の固形物(粘稠性物質を含む)を含む液状の有機化合物、例えば(メタ)アクリル酸,(メタ)アクリル酸エステル,フタル酸,マレイン酸等の精製に好適な精製方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
複数成分の混合物から特定成分を精製する際に用いられる精製装置としては、気液接触方法の違いにより、(a) 十字流接触型,(b) 向流接触型,(c) シャワー接触型等のその他の型に分類できる。例えば図1(a)に示す様に、(a) 十字流接触型では、精製装置の内部にダウンカマー3を介してトレイ1が多数段設けられており、各トレイ1には多数の気体貫通用の開孔部1aが形成されると共に、堰2によって被処理液(またはスラリー)の滞留部Rが形成されている。そして、精製装置の上方から被処理液を流下させると共に、下方から気体を上昇流で流すと、上記開孔部1aを通して上昇する気体が、前記滞留部R内に溜まった被処理液中を通過する際に気液接触が行なわれる。また滞留している被処理液は堰2を越えて下段へ溢流する。
【0003】
また(b) 向流接触型では、図1(b)に示す如く、多数の開孔部4aを設けたトレイ4が精製装置の水平方向全面に亘って、且つ上下方向に適当な間隔をあけて多数段配設されており、前記開孔部4aを通して流下する被処理液と同開孔部4aを通して上昇する気体との間で気液接触が行われる。
【0004】
また(c)シャワー接触型では、図1(c)に示す如く、被処理液が上側のバッフル板5から下側のバッフル板6に滝状で流下する際に、該液流を潜って上昇する気体との間で気液接触が行われる。
【0005】
従って、上記(a)〜(c)に示したタイプの精製装置の気液接触効率を比較すると、(a)の十字流接触型が最も優れており、次に(b)の向流接触型が優れていることから、汎用精製装置の殆どはこれら2つの型式のものが採用されている。
【0006】
しかし、精製の対象となる被処理液が易閉塞性物質を含む有機化合物である場合には、トレイ1(またはトレイ4)に開口された前記開孔部1a(または開孔部4a)が該易閉塞性物質によって閉塞されることがあり、こうした開孔部1a(または開孔部4a)の閉塞が起こると、十字流や向流での気液接触効率が低下するばかりでなく、被処理液の流下および気体の上昇が阻害されて連続操業自体が困難になる。従ってこの様な閉塞が生じたときは、運転を中止して精製装置内に蓄積した閉塞物を人為的に取り除くか、或いは薬剤により化学的に除去する等の処置が不可欠となる。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は上記事情に着目してなされたものであり、精製されるべき被処理液が、易閉塞性物質を含む有機化合物の場合であっても、運転を中止することなく長期に亘って連続的に精製を行うことのできる精製方法を提供しようとするものである。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決した本発明の精製方法とは、置内を降下する被処理液と該装置内を上昇する気体との接触により該被処理液の精製を行なうシャワー接触型の精製装置であって、上記精製装置内には、ウインドウ部を有するバッフル板が多数段配設され、且つ該バッフル板には全面に気体貫通用の開孔部が形成されている精製装置を用い、(メタ)アクリル酸,(メタ)アクリル酸エステル,フタル酸,マレイン酸のいずれかを精製することを特徴とする
【0009】
上記開孔部の孔径としては3〜30mmの範囲が好ましく、その開孔部の面積の合計は、バッフル板の上部面積に対し10〜50%の範囲となる様に設計することが望ましく、また前記ウインドウ部の面積は、前記装置の横断面積に対し10%〜70%の範囲とすることが好ましく、更には、前記装置内に配設される上下で隣接するバッフル板で形成されるカーテン部面積は、前記装置の横断面積に対し10%〜120%の範囲となるように設計することが望ましく、この様に設計された精製装置は、装置内での易閉塞性物質による閉塞事故を可及的に抑えることができるので、被処理液として易閉塞性物質を含む有機化合物を使用した場合にその特徴がより効果的に発揮される。
【0010】
上述の様に本発明にかかる精製法とは、上記構成の精製装置を使用し、易閉塞性物質を含む液状の有機化合物、例えば(メタ)アクリル酸や(メタ)アクリル酸エステルを、気液接触により効率よく精製するところに要旨を有している。
【0011】
尚、上記ウインドウ部とは、例えば図2に示す様に、トレイ21と精製装置内壁の間の空間領域28のことであり、即ちバッフル板が形成されていない切欠部である。
【0012】
また上記カーテン部とは、例えば図3に示す様に、上側トレイ21のウインドウ部側端部と下側トレイ22の間に形成される領域29のことであり、灌液流面積である。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明によれば、シャワー接触型の精製装置を基本構成とし、該精製装置内に設けられるバッフル板の構成を前述の様に工夫することにより、易閉塞性物質を含む液状の有機化合物を、閉塞事故を生じることなく長期間に亘って効率よく精製操業を継続することが可能となる。
【0014】
本発明において精製装置とは、例えば精製塔、即ち蒸留塔,吸収塔,放散塔など目的物の精製用いられる各種塔を含む意味であり、これら各塔は円筒形を有する塔であることが望ましい。以下、本発明に係る精製方法を精製塔を用いて説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定される趣旨ではない。
【0015】
本発明の精製塔に導入される被処理液としては、通常の(メタ)アクリル酸,フタル酸,マレイン酸の製造過程における、接触気相酸化で得られた反応ガス凝縮液,溶剤捕集液などが例示されるがこれらに限定されず、被処理液が易閉塞性物質を含む有機化合物であってもよく、例えば(メタ)アクリル酸,(メタ)アクリル酸エステル,フタル酸,マレイン酸などの有機化合物に好適に用いることができる。(メタ)アクリル酸に含まれる易閉塞性物質としてはポリマー,テレフタル酸,フマル酸などの析出物、フタル酸,マレイン酸に含まれる易閉塞性物質としてはアルデヒド重合物やキノン縮合物などのタール状物質が例示される。
【0016】
また本発明の精製塔に導入される気体としてはリボイラ等から発生した蒸気,上記接触気相酸化で得られた反応ガスなどを導入することができ、特に限定されない。
【0017】
図4は、シャワー接触型精製塔内にバッフル板を配設した精製塔の概略説明図であり、精製塔10の上部に設けられた被処理液供給手段(ディストリビュータ)11から、易閉塞性物質を含む被処理液がバッフル板21上に供給される。そして供給された被処理液は、バッフル板22、23、……と、下方のバッフル板に逐次流下しつつ、下方から上昇してくる気体(リボイラより発生した蒸気など)と気液接触することによって精製が行われる。
【0018】
但しシャワー接触型精製塔の場合、前述の如くウインドウ部から滝状で流れる被処理液とその液膜を潜って上昇する気体との間で気液接触するだけであるから、前述した十字流接触型や向流接触型の精製塔に比べると気液接触効率は低い。
【0019】
そこで本発明では、気液接触効率を高めるための手段として、例えば図5に示す如く、塔内に配設されるバッフル板の全面に亘って多数の開孔部30を形成し、該開孔部30を通して上昇する気体を被処理液と気液接触させることによって精製効率を高める。即ち従来のシャワー接触型精製塔(図1(c))では、内部に配設されるバッフル板には開孔部が形成されておらず、前述したウインドウ部から滝状に流下する被処理液膜を気体が通過する際に気液接触が行われるだけであるのに対し、本発明では、こうした滝状液膜を通過する際の気液接触に加えて、各バッフル板に開口された開孔部30を通して流下する被処理液と該開孔部内を上昇する気体との間でも気液接触が行われるので、全体としての気液接触効率は大幅に高められ、精製効率を著しく高めることができる。
【0020】
しかも本発明では、基本的にシャワー接触型を採用しており、各バッフル板に開口された開孔部30が多少閉塞を起こすことがあっても、被処理液の下降流や気体の上昇流は各バッフル板のウインドウ部28によって確保されているので、それらの流れが阻害されたり塔内が閉塞するといった問題は一切生じない。
【0021】
尚、バッフル板の全面に形成される開孔部30は、前述の如く該開孔部30を通過する被処理液と気体を気液接触させる機能を果たすもので、孔径が小さすぎると易閉塞性物質が詰まり易くなるので、直径が3mm程度以上、より好ましくは12mm程度以上にすることが望ましい。しかし、逆に孔径が大きすぎると、ウイーピングが起こり気液接触効率が低下してくるので、30mm程度以下、より好ましくは25mm程度以下とすることが望ましい。
【0022】
尚、この開孔部は全て同一形状、同一サイズであってもよく、或いは異形、易サイズのものであっても構わないが、安定して高い気液接触効率を確保するには同一形状、同一サイズのものを各バッフル板の全面に万遍なく形成しておくことが望ましい。また、閉塞防止の観点からすると真円形のものが最も好ましいが、場合によっては楕円形や卵形、あるいは多角形のものであってもよく、それらの場合の開口サイズは前述した真円の直径相当サイズと考えればよい。
【0023】
また、該開孔部30の総開孔面積がバッフル板の上部面積に対して好ましくは10%以上、より好ましくは20%以上とし、また好ましくは50%以下、より好ましくは40%以下の範囲となる様に各開孔部のサイズと開口数を設計すれば、開孔部内への易閉塞性物質の詰りを抑えつつ気液接触効率を一層効果的に高めることができるので好ましい。
【0024】
被処理液の下降流路および気体の上昇流路を構成する前記ウインドウ部28(一般に切欠部とも呼ばれる:図2の符号28参照)の精製塔横断面積に対する開口面積比率(ウィンドウ面積比率)も、気液接触効率を高める上で重要であり、精製塔の横断面積(内径)に対して通常は10%以上,より好ましくは20%以上、好ましくは70%以下,より好ましくは45%以下の範囲となるように設計することが望ましい。10%未満だとガス通過口が小さすぎ、ガス通過速度が大きくなるためフラッディングを起こし易くなる。また70%超では、ショートパスが起こり易く、効率低下を起こす可能性があり、満足な気液接触効率が得られなくなる。なお、各バッフル板の前記ウィンドウ面積比率は全てが同じであってもよいが(その際は50%以下とすることが望ましい)、異なるウィンドウ部面積比率のバッフル板を組み合わせて(例えば10%と70%等の組合わせで)配設してもよい。
【0025】
更に、上下で隣接するバッフル板で形成されるカーテン部面積(一般に被処理液溢流面積とも呼ばれる:図3の符号29参照)の面積比率は、塔の横断面積に対し10%以上、120%以下の範囲とすることが望ましく、シャワー接触効率を高める上で特に好ましいのは20%以上、110%以下の範囲である。
【0026】
10%未満ではフラッディングを起こしやすく、120%を超えると気液接触効率の向上はそれほど期待できず、装置が大型化するのみで好ましくない。
【0027】
バッフル板の形式は様々であり、図6(a)に示す様なディスク・ドーナッツ式や図6(b)〜6(d)に示す様なセグメンタル・バッフル式などを適宜選択して採用できる。またセグメンタル・バッフル式の具体例としては、図6(c)に示す様なツーフロータイプのものや、図6(d)に示すマルチフロータイプのものを採用しても構わない。いずれの場合も、バッフル板にはその上面に溜り部ができないようウインドウ部の縁に堰を設置しない方が望ましい。但し、バッフルを下方勾配をつけて設置する際には(図7(a))、バッフル上の液ホールドアップが減少するため、ウインドウ部に沿って堰を設置することが望ましい。堰は一般に用いられる直線堰,ノッチ付き堰の何れも適用でき、特に限定されない。また堰の高さも特に限定されないが、堰高さは段間隔に対して好ましくは5%以上、より好ましくは10%以上、最も好ましくは15%以上であり、好ましくは40%以下、より好ましくは35%以下、最も好ましくは30%以下とすることが望ましい。またバッフル板の傾斜は塔横断面に対して10°以下の勾配とすることが好ましい。尚、堰を設けてバッフル板上面に溜り部ができると、その部分に易閉塞性物質が堆積し、当該部分に開口された開孔部を閉塞し易くなるので堰の高さと勾配の関係は図7(c)に示されるが如く、トレイ接合部と堰上面とが同一高さとなる様にすることが望ましい。
【0028】
各バッフル板上面への易閉塞性物質の付着堆積をより確実に抑え、高い気液接触効率を得るには、各バッフル板を少なくとも水平に配設し、しかも液体が上側バッフル板から下側バッフル板に流下し受け止める様に設置することが望ましく、例えば図6(a)〜(d)及び図8(a)〜(c)で示す様に設置することが望ましく、特に上下で隣接するバッフル板の一部が重なり合う様に設置することが推奨される。
【0029】
精製塔の温度は、目的物(即ち(メタ)アクリル酸,フタル酸,或いはマレイン酸)の融点以上で気液接触操作の可能な温度域とすることが推奨される。例えば(メタ)アクリル酸(エステル)の場合、好ましくは20〜150℃,より好ましくは40〜100℃とすることが好ましい。
【0030】
尚、精製装置内に配設するバッフル板の数は精製装置の処理能力など種々の要因に基づいて適宜決定可能な技術事項であり、所望の目的に適合する様にバッフル板の数を決定することができる。
【0031】
本発明は以上の様に構成されており、易閉塞性物質を含む様々の液状有機化合物の精製に有効に活用できる。
【0032】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例によって更に詳細に説明するが、下記実施例は本発明を限定する性質のものではなく、前・後記の趣旨に適合し得る範囲で適当に設計を変更して実施することはいずれも本発明の技術的範囲に含まれる。
【0033】
〔実施例1〕
下記表1に示す構成のバッフル板を設けたシャワー接触型精製塔Aを使用し、テレフタル酸スラリー等の易閉塞性物質を含む下記組成のメタクリル酸水溶液を塔頂部(ディストリビューター11)から12m3/hで供給すると共に、塔底部(ガス入口16)からは重合防止剤として空気を2Nm3/hの速度でリボイラ(図示せず)を通じて供給して上昇流を形成し、塔頂圧力:26700Pa、塔頂温度:68℃、溜出量/フィード量=4%、塔底圧力:28000Paで気液接触させて精製を行った。塔底部(液出口17)から得られる精製物の組成は下記の通りであり、この精製操業を1年間連続して行なったが、精製塔閉塞の問題は全く生じなかった。

Figure 0004514901
【0034】
【表1】
Figure 0004514901
【0035】
〔実施例2〕
上記表1の精製塔Bを使用し、易閉塞性物質を含むメタクリル酸を含むガスの冷却を行なった。供給ガス(メタクリル酸2vol%,メタクロレイン0.6vol%,水12vol%,その他85.4vol%)を、1020Nm3/hでバッフル板に供給し、19m3/hのメタクリル酸19wt%水溶液と塔底液500m3/hとを塔頂よりフィードし、ガスの吸収(冷却)を行なった。尚、操作は塔頂124000KPa,71℃で実施した。その結果、1年間の連続稼動が可能であり、塔底より実施例1のフィード液を得た。
【0036】
〔実施例3〕
上記表1の精製塔Cを使用し、易閉塞性物質を含むメタクリル酸水溶液を塔頂部からの供給量を0.5m3/hに代えた以外は上記実施例1と同様にして精製を行なったところ、やはり1年間の連続稼動が可能であった。
【0037】
〔比較例1〕
開孔部を全く形成していないバッフル板(図1(c)参照)を配置した以外は前記実施例1と全く同様にして精製塔の連続運転を行なった。その結果、1年間の連続稼働は可能であったが、精製効率は下記の通りであり、前記実施例に比べてかなり劣っていることが確認された。
Figure 0004514901
【0038】
〔比較例2〕
前記図1(b)に示した様な向流接触型の精製塔(直径:10mmの開孔部を全面に均一に開口したトレイを配設)を使用し、前記実施例1と同様にして精製塔の連続操業を行なった。その結果、塔底圧力が30700Paまで上昇し、約1週間未満でトレイの開孔部が不溶物で閉塞され、運転を停止せざるを得なかった。
【0039】
【発明の効果】
本発明は以上の様に構成されており、被処理液(被精製液)として、易閉塞性物質を含む有機化合物を使用した場合でも、塔内閉塞を生じることなく長期に亘って精製操業を効率よく連続的に行うことのできる精製法を提供し得ることになった。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】気液接触方法を示す説明図である。
【図2】ウインドウ部の位置の説明図である。
【図3】カーテン開口部の位置の説明図である。
【図4】本発明方法に採用することのできる精製装置を示す概略説明図である。
【図5】本発明装置に好適なバッフル板の代表例を示す説明図である。
【図6】シャワー接触型のトレイ形式を示す説明図である。
【図7】本発明装置に適用可能なバッフル板の変形態様を示す説明図である。
【図8】本発明装置のバッフル板の配設例を示す説明図である。
【符号の説明】
1,4 トレイ
1a 気体貫通用開孔部
4a,30 気液貫通用開孔部
5,6,21,22,23,35 バッフル板
2,36 堰
3 ダウンカマー
10 精製塔
11 ディストリビューター
15 ガス出口
16 ガス入口
17 液出口
27 精製塔本体
28 ウインドウ部
29 カーテン部[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a purification how the organic compound containing an easily occlusive material, liquid organic compound in particular containing solids such as insoluble slurry or polymer (including viscous material), for example, (meth) acrylic acid, to a suitable refining method for the purification of such (meth) acrylic acid esters, phthalic acid, maleic acid.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Depending on the gas-liquid contact method, (a) cross-flow contact type, (b) counter-current contact type, (c) shower contact type, etc. Can be classified into other types. For example, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), in the (a) cross-flow contact type, a plurality of trays 1 are provided inside the purifier through downcomers 3, and each tray 1 has a large number of gas penetrations. 1a is formed, and the stay portion R for the liquid to be treated (or slurry) is formed by the weir 2. Then, when the liquid to be treated is caused to flow down from above the purification apparatus and the gas is caused to flow upward from below, the gas rising through the opening portion 1a passes through the liquid to be treated that has accumulated in the staying portion R. In doing so, gas-liquid contact is performed. The staying liquid to be processed overflows over the weir 2 to the lower stage.
[0003]
Further, (b) in the countercurrent contact type, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), the tray 4 provided with a large number of apertures 4a extends over the entire horizontal direction of the purifier and has an appropriate interval in the vertical direction. The gas-liquid contact is performed between the liquid to be processed flowing down through the opening 4a and the gas rising through the opening 4a.
[0004]
In the (c) shower contact type, as shown in FIG. 1C, when the liquid to be treated flows from the upper baffle plate 5 to the lower baffle plate 6 in a waterfall shape, the liquid flow is submerged and rises. Gas-liquid contact is performed with the gas to be used.
[0005]
Therefore, comparing the gas-liquid contact efficiency of the purification devices of the types shown in (a) to (c) above, the cross-flow contact type of (a) is the best, and then the countercurrent contact type of (b) Therefore, most of the general-purpose purification apparatuses employ these two types.
[0006]
However, when the liquid to be treated is an organic compound containing an easily occlusive substance, the opening 1a (or opening 4a) opened in the tray 1 (or tray 4) When the opening 1a (or the opening 4a) is blocked by the easily occlusive substance, not only the gas-liquid contact efficiency in the cross flow or the counter flow is lowered, but also the object to be processed. The continuous operation itself becomes difficult because the liquid flow and the gas rise are hindered. Therefore, when such a blockage occurs, it is indispensable to discontinue the operation and manually remove the blockage accumulated in the purifier or chemically remove it with a chemical.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made by paying attention to the above circumstances, and even if the liquid to be purified is an organic compound containing an easily occlusive substance, the operation is continued for a long time without stopping the operation. it is intended to provide a purified how that can be performed purified.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
With the purification process of the present invention which solves the above problems, there shower-contact type purification apparatus for performing purification of該被processing solution by contact with a gas to raise the liquid to be treated and within the device for lowering the instrumentation置内In the refining device, a baffle plate having a window portion is arranged in a number of stages, and the baffle plate has a refining device in which an opening for gas penetration is formed on the entire surface. It is characterized by purifying any one of acrylic acid, (meth) acrylic acid ester, phthalic acid, and maleic acid .
[0009]
The hole diameter is preferably in the range of 3 to 30 mm, and the total area of the holes is preferably designed to be in the range of 10 to 50% with respect to the upper area of the baffle plate. The area of the window portion is preferably in the range of 10% to 70% with respect to the cross-sectional area of the device, and further, a curtain portion formed by upper and lower baffle plates arranged in the device. It is desirable to design the area to be in the range of 10% to 120% with respect to the cross-sectional area of the device, and the purification device designed in this way is capable of clogging accidents due to easily occlusive substances in the device. Since it can suppress as much as possible, when the organic compound containing an easily occlusive substance is used as a to-be-processed liquid, the characteristic is exhibited more effectively.
[0010]
As described above , the purification method according to the present invention uses a purification apparatus having the above-described configuration, and a liquid organic compound containing an easily occlusive substance, such as (meth) acrylic acid or (meth) acrylic ester, The main point is that it is purified efficiently by contact.
[0011]
In addition, the said window part is the space area | region 28 between the tray 21 and the refiner | purifier inner wall, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, ie, the notch part in which the baffle board is not formed.
[0012]
Further, the curtain portion is a region 29 formed between the window portion side end portion of the upper tray 21 and the lower tray 22 as shown in FIG.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
According to the present invention, a shower contact-type refining apparatus is used as a basic structure, and by devising the structure of the baffle plate provided in the refining apparatus as described above, a liquid organic compound containing an easily occlusive substance is obtained. It is possible to continue the refining operation efficiently over a long period without causing a clogging accident.
[0014]
In the present invention, the purification apparatus means, for example, a purification tower, that is, a distillation tower, an absorption tower, and various towers used for purification of a target product such as a stripping tower. Each of these towers is preferably a tower having a cylindrical shape. . Hereinafter, will be explained with reference to purifying column engagement Ru refining method according to the present invention, the present invention is not intended to be limited thereto.
[0015]
The liquid to be treated introduced into the purification tower of the present invention includes a reaction gas condensate and a solvent collection liquid obtained by catalytic gas phase oxidation in the production process of ordinary (meth) acrylic acid, phthalic acid and maleic acid. Although not limited to these, the liquid to be treated may be an organic compound containing an easily occlusive substance, such as (meth) acrylic acid, (meth) acrylic acid ester, phthalic acid, maleic acid, etc. It can be suitably used for these organic compounds. The easily occlusive substances contained in (meth) acrylic acid are precipitates such as polymers, terephthalic acid and fumaric acid, and the easily occlusive substances contained in phthalic acid and maleic acid are tars such as aldehyde polymers and quinone condensates. Exemplified substances are exemplified.
[0016]
Further, the gas introduced into the purification tower of the present invention can be, for example, steam generated from a reboiler or the like, reaction gas obtained by the catalytic gas phase oxidation, and the like, and is not particularly limited.
[0017]
FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory view of a purification tower in which a baffle plate is arranged in a shower contact type purification tower. From the liquid supply means (distributor) 11 to be treated provided in the upper part of the purification tower 10, an easily occlusive substance is shown. The liquid to be processed containing the liquid is supplied onto the baffle plate 21. The supplied liquid to be processed is in gas-liquid contact with the baffle plates 22, 23,... And the gas rising from below (such as steam generated from the reboiler) while sequentially flowing down the baffle plate. Purification is carried out by
[0018]
However, in the case of a shower contact type purification tower, as described above, since the liquid to be treated that flows in a waterfall shape from the window portion and the gas that rises in the liquid film are only in gas-liquid contact, the cross-flow contact described above. Gas-liquid contact efficiency is low compared to the type and countercurrent contact type purification towers.
[0019]
Therefore, in the present invention, as means for improving the gas-liquid contact efficiency, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, a large number of apertures 30 are formed over the entire surface of the baffle plate arranged in the tower, Purification efficiency is increased by bringing the gas rising through the unit 30 into gas-liquid contact with the liquid to be treated. That is, in the conventional shower-contact type purification tower (FIG. 1 (c)), the baffle plate disposed in the interior does not have an opening, and the liquid to be treated flows down from the above-mentioned window in a waterfall shape. While gas-liquid contact is only performed when gas passes through the membrane, in the present invention, in addition to such gas-liquid contact when passing through the waterfall-like liquid film, an opening opened in each baffle plate is used. Gas-liquid contact is also performed between the liquid to be treated flowing through the hole 30 and the gas rising in the opening, so that the gas-liquid contact efficiency as a whole can be greatly increased, and the purification efficiency can be significantly increased. it can.
[0020]
In addition, in the present invention, a shower contact type is basically adopted, and even if the opening portion 30 opened in each baffle plate is somewhat clogged, the downflow of the liquid to be processed and the upflow of gas Are secured by the window portion 28 of each baffle plate, there is no problem that their flow is obstructed or the inside of the tower is blocked.
[0021]
The opening 30 formed on the entire surface of the baffle plate functions to bring the liquid to be processed and gas passing through the opening 30 into gas-liquid contact as described above. If the hole diameter is too small, the opening 30 is easily blocked. It is desirable that the diameter is about 3 mm or more, more preferably about 12 mm or more, because the active substance is easily clogged. On the other hand, if the hole diameter is too large, weeping occurs and the gas-liquid contact efficiency decreases. Therefore, it is desirable that the hole diameter is about 30 mm or less, more preferably about 25 mm or less.
[0022]
The apertures may all have the same shape and the same size, or may have a different shape and an easy size, but the same shape, It is desirable to uniformly form the same size on the entire surface of each baffle plate. From the viewpoint of preventing occlusion, a perfect circle is most preferable, but depending on the case, it may be oval, oval, or polygonal, and the opening size in these cases is the diameter of the aforementioned perfect circle. You may think that it is considerable size.
[0023]
Further, the total opening area of the opening 30 is preferably 10% or more, more preferably 20% or more, and preferably 50% or less, more preferably 40% or less with respect to the upper area of the baffle plate. It is preferable to design the size and numerical aperture of each aperture so that the gas-liquid contact efficiency can be more effectively increased while suppressing clogging of easily occlusive substances into the aperture.
[0024]
The opening area ratio (window area ratio) to the purification tower cross-sectional area of the window portion 28 (generally also referred to as a notch portion: see reference numeral 28 in FIG. 2) that constitutes the downflow path of the liquid to be treated and the ascending flow path of the gas, It is important for increasing the gas-liquid contact efficiency, and is usually 10% or more, more preferably 20% or more, preferably 70% or less, more preferably 45% or less with respect to the cross-sectional area (inner diameter) of the purification tower. It is desirable to design so that If it is less than 10%, the gas passage port is too small and the gas passage speed increases, so that flooding is likely to occur. On the other hand, if it exceeds 70%, a short pass is likely to occur and the efficiency may be lowered, and satisfactory gas-liquid contact efficiency cannot be obtained. The window area ratios of the respective baffle plates may all be the same (in this case, preferably 50% or less), but baffle plates having different window area ratios are combined (for example, 10%). (Such as a combination of 70%).
[0025]
Furthermore, the area ratio of the curtain area formed by the baffle plates adjacent to each other at the top and bottom (generally also referred to as the overflow area of the liquid to be treated: see 29 in FIG. 3) is 10% or more and 120% with respect to the cross-sectional area of the tower The following range is desirable, and the range of 20% or more and 110% or less is particularly preferable in increasing the shower contact efficiency.
[0026]
If it is less than 10%, flooding is liable to occur, and if it exceeds 120%, improvement in gas-liquid contact efficiency cannot be expected so much, and it is not preferable because the apparatus is only increased in size.
[0027]
There are various types of baffle plates, and a disc donut type as shown in FIG. 6 (a) or a segmental baffle type as shown in FIGS. 6 (b) to 6 (d) can be appropriately selected and adopted. . As a specific example of the segmental baffle type, a two-flow type as shown in FIG. 6C or a multi-flow type as shown in FIG. 6D may be adopted. In any case, it is desirable not to install a weir at the edge of the window portion so that the baffle plate does not have a reservoir on its upper surface. However, when the baffle is installed with a downward gradient (FIG. 7A), it is desirable to install a weir along the window portion because the liquid hold-up on the baffle decreases. As the weir, either a straight weir generally used or a notched weir can be applied, and it is not particularly limited. The height of the weir is not particularly limited, but the weir height is preferably 5% or more, more preferably 10% or more, most preferably 15% or more, preferably 40% or less, more preferably with respect to the step interval. It is desirable that the content be 35% or less, most preferably 30% or less. The inclination of the baffle plate is preferably 10 ° or less with respect to the tower cross section. In addition, when a weir is provided and a reservoir is formed on the upper surface of the baffle plate, an easily occlusive substance accumulates on the portion, and it becomes easy to close the opening portion opened in the portion, so the relationship between the height of the weir and the gradient is As shown in FIG. 7C, it is desirable that the tray joint and the top surface of the weir are at the same height.
[0028]
In order to more reliably suppress the adhesion and deposition of easily occlusive substances on the upper surface of each baffle plate and to obtain high gas-liquid contact efficiency, each baffle plate is arranged at least horizontally and the liquid flows from the upper baffle plate to the lower baffle. It is desirable to install so as to flow down and receive on the plate, for example, as shown in FIGS. 6 (a) to 6 (d) and 8 (a) to (c). It is recommended to install so that a part of them overlap.
[0029]
It is recommended that the temperature of the purification tower be a temperature range in which the gas-liquid contact operation can be performed at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the target product (that is, (meth) acrylic acid, phthalic acid, or maleic acid). For example, in the case of (meth) acrylic acid (ester), it is preferably 20 to 150 ° C, more preferably 40 to 100 ° C.
[0030]
The number of baffle plates provided in the refining apparatus is a technical matter that can be appropriately determined based on various factors such as the processing capacity of the refining apparatus, and the number of baffle plates is determined so as to meet the desired purpose. be able to.
[0031]
The present invention is configured as described above, and can be effectively used for purification of various liquid organic compounds containing an easily occlusive substance.
[0032]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples. However, the following examples are not intended to limit the present invention, and are implemented by appropriately changing the design within a range that can meet the purpose described above and below. These are all included in the technical scope of the present invention.
[0033]
[Example 1]
Using a shower contact type purification tower A provided with a baffle plate having the structure shown in Table 1 below, an aqueous solution of methacrylic acid having the following composition containing an easily occlusive substance such as terephthalic acid slurry is supplied from the tower top (distributor 11) to 12 m 3. At a rate of 2 Nm 3 / h through a reboiler (not shown) to form an upward flow from the bottom of the column (gas inlet 16) to form an upward flow. Purification was performed by gas-liquid contact at a tower top temperature of 68 ° C., a distillation amount / feed amount of 4%, and a tower bottom pressure of 28000 Pa. The composition of the purified product obtained from the bottom of the column (liquid outlet 17) was as follows, and this purification operation was carried out continuously for one year, but no problem of clogging of the purification column occurred.
Figure 0004514901
[0034]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004514901
[0035]
[Example 2]
Using the purification tower B shown in Table 1 above, the gas containing methacrylic acid containing the easily occlusive substance was cooled. Supply gas (methacrylic acid 2 vol%, methacrolein 0.6 vol%, water 12 vol%, other 85.4 vol%) was supplied to the baffle plate at 1020 Nm 3 / h, 19 m 3 / h 19 wt% methacrylic acid 19 wt% aqueous solution and tower A bottom liquid of 500 m 3 / h was fed from the top of the column to absorb (cool) the gas. The operation was carried out at a tower top of 124,000 KPa and 71 ° C. As a result, continuous operation for one year was possible, and the feed liquid of Example 1 was obtained from the tower bottom.
[0036]
Example 3
Purification was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the purification tower C shown in Table 1 was used, and the amount of methacrylic acid aqueous solution containing an easily occlusive substance was changed to 0.5 m 3 / h from the top of the tower. After all, continuous operation for one year was still possible.
[0037]
[Comparative Example 1]
The purification tower was continuously operated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a baffle plate (see FIG. 1 (c)) in which no aperture was formed was disposed. As a result, continuous operation for one year was possible, but the purification efficiency was as follows, and it was confirmed that it was considerably inferior to the above Examples.
Figure 0004514901
[0038]
[Comparative Example 2]
Using a counter-current contact type purification tower as shown in FIG. 1 (b) (with a tray having a diameter of 10 mm uniformly opened on the entire surface), the same as in Example 1 above. The purification tower was operated continuously. As a result, the tower bottom pressure increased to 30700 Pa, and the opening of the tray was blocked with insoluble matter in less than about one week, and the operation had to be stopped.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention is configured as described above, and even when an organic compound containing an easily plugging substance is used as a liquid to be treated (liquid to be purified), purification operation can be performed for a long time without causing clogging in the tower. It had to be provided to be Ru seminal method for efficiently performed continuously.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a gas-liquid contact method.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a position of a window part.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a position of a curtain opening.
FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory view showing a purification apparatus that can be employed in the method of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a representative example of a baffle plate suitable for the apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a shower contact type tray format.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a deformation mode of a baffle plate applicable to the device of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing an arrangement example of baffle plates of the device of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 4 Tray 1a Gas-penetrating apertures 4a, 30 Gas-liquid penetrating apertures 5, 6, 21, 22, 23, 35 Baffle plates 2, 36 Weir 3 Downcomer 10 Purification tower 11 Distributor 15 Gas outlet 16 Gas inlet 17 Liquid outlet 27 Purification tower body 28 Window part 29 Curtain part

Claims (1)

装置内を降下する被処理液と該装置内を上昇する気体との接触により該被処理液の精製を行なうシャワー接触型の精製装置であって、該精製装置内には、ウインドウ部を有するバッフル板が多段数配設され、且つバッフル板には全面に気液貫通用の開孔部が形成されている製装置を用い、(メタ)アクリル酸,(メタ)アクリル酸エステル,フタル酸,マレイン酸のいずれかを精製することを特徴とする精製方法A purification apparatus for shower contact type that purifies the liquid to be treated by contacting the liquid to be treated that descends in the apparatus and a gas that rises in the apparatus, and a baffle having a window portion in the purification apparatus plate is a multi-stage number provided, and using a refining apparatus openings for gas-liquid through the entire surface is formed in the baffle plate, (meth) acrylic acid, (meth) acrylic acid esters, phthalic acid, A purification method comprising purifying any of maleic acid .
JP2000168001A 1999-06-03 2000-06-05 Purification method for (meth) acrylic acid, etc. Expired - Lifetime JP4514901B2 (en)

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JP6575348B2 (en) * 2015-12-22 2019-09-18 三菱ケミカル株式会社 Gas-liquid contact method
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JPS5365855U (en) * 1976-11-08 1978-06-02
WO1995031278A1 (en) * 1994-05-11 1995-11-23 Urea Casale S.A. Reactor for two-phase reactions, in particular for urea synthesis at high pressure and temperature

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GB763684A (en) * 1954-01-07 1956-12-12 Bataafsche Petroleum Improvements in or relating to gas-liquid contacting columns
JPS5365855U (en) * 1976-11-08 1978-06-02
WO1995031278A1 (en) * 1994-05-11 1995-11-23 Urea Casale S.A. Reactor for two-phase reactions, in particular for urea synthesis at high pressure and temperature

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