JP4510980B2 - Bone mill - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a bone mill for crushing bone (human bone) taken out from a proper position of a living body into a desired sizing.
[0002]
The bone particles crushed by the bone mill are used as artificial bone spacers or the like to be filled in the prosthetic site in the living body.
[0003]
[Prior art]
Bones, especially human bones, which are the morphological elements that make up the vertebrate skeleton, work together with muscles and serve as the basis for each part of the body. It is also the main organ that maintains the body shape.
[0004]
Such bone structurally has a white periosteum on the surface. Nerves and blood vessels pass through the periosteum, and it is left for nutrition and growth. On the other hand, it is well known that the outer layer of bone is dense (hard and solid) and hard, and the inner layer of bone is spongy and has many gaps.
[0005]
By the way, technical progress in surgical medicine is remarkable. In particular, the performance of artificial biomaterials and prosthetic devices has improved day and night, and the number of people taking advantage of the benefits has reached a tremendous number.
[0006]
However, although conventional artificial biomaterials are not toxic or irritating to living organisms, most of them have no ecological affinity. For this reason, if bone cement is used to fix the prosthetic device to the bone or to fill the gap between the prosthetic device and the bone, there is a safety problem such as adverse effects on the living body due to the heat of polymerization of the bone cement and loosening due to aging. There was an aspect of concern.
[0007]
Therefore, conventionally, bone taken out from an appropriate place in a living body is crushed into a desired size (for example, 4 mm square to 10 mm square), and this is used as a spacer or a filler for filling a gap between the prosthetic device and the bone. The method was taken. According to this method, since human bone is used, it has an affinity for bone, and there is no concern about adverse effects on the living body due to polymerization heat or occurrence of loosening due to secular change.
[0008]
However, in order to turn bones collected from a human body into small bone fragments, the collected bones must be crushed using a hammer or a blade, and there is a drawback that it takes skill and time for the work. In particular, bones collected from a living body are extremely tough, but are hard and hard, and blood vessels, various nerves, and the like are included in the periosteum on the surface, so that the crushing operation is difficult. There is also a problem that the size of the crushed bone fragments is not uniform.
[0009]
Against this background, several bone mills are manufactured and marketed. One commercially available bone mill is shown in FIG. In order to pulverize bone with this bone mill, the bone is first pretreated. That is, a bone collected from a living body is cut into a size of about 3 cm square using a bone saw or the like. The cut bone is inserted into the insertion port of the bone mill shown in FIG. 1 (the insertion port provided in the pushing-out part such as a syringe). Next, the inserted bone is pushed in by hand, and the switch for reciprocating the blade for cutting the bone with the other hand is pressed. As a result, nitrogen gas is injected and the blade operates.
[0010]
However, this bone mill requires a prior work of cutting the bone into a predetermined size in advance. In addition, since the size of the crushed bone particles changes depending on how the bone mill is operated, it takes time to get used to it. Furthermore, it takes 3 to 5 minutes to grind the bone.
[0011]
As another bone mill, there is commercially available one having a mechanism in which a projecting blade is provided on a rotating shaft and bone is pressed against the rotating blade to scrape off the bone.
[0012]
However, the bone mill of this mechanism is cumbersome because you must keep pressing the bone with your hand all the time. In addition, the work time needs about 5 minutes.
[0013]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made based on the background as described above, and has as its main object to provide a bone mill having a novel mechanism capable of pulverizing bone into a desired sizing in a short time.
[0014]
Another object of the present invention is to provide a bone mill that is easy to handle and easy to work with.
[0015]
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a bone mill capable of crushing bone without waste.
[0016]
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a bone mill that is easy to clean and sterilize after work.
[0017]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The bone mill of the present invention has a first cutter unit and a second cutter unit that make a pair. Bone to be crushed is taken in between the first cutter unit and the second cutter unit, and the bone passes through the first cutter unit and the second cutter unit, whereby the bone is crushed.
[0018]
Each cutter unit is provided with a plurality of disks arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals. A blade for crushing bone is formed on the peripheral surface of each disk. The disk of the first cutter unit and the disk of the second cutter unit are positioned so as to fit into the gap alternately. The disks of each cutter unit are rotated inward from each other. For this reason, when the bones to be crushed are supplied to both cutter units, the bones are taken in between them by the discs rotated inward, and the blades of the discs bite into the bones to crush the bones. Then, as the bone passes between the disks of the first cutter unit and the second cutter unit, the bone is crushed by the disks positioned so as to be fitted together.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0020]
FIG. 2 is an external perspective view of a bone mill according to one embodiment of the present invention. The bone mill according to this embodiment has a mill case 3 and a gear box 4 provided on a base 2. The mill case 3 and the gear box 4 are adjacent to each other in a connected state. The upper part of the mill case 3 is opened, and a detachable lid 5 is attached thereto. A knob 6 is provided at the upper center of the lid 5. The knob 6 is for grasping by hand when the lid 5 is attached or detached. In this embodiment, as will be described later, the knob 6 is provided with a protrusion protruding inward of the lid 5, so that the bone in the mill case 3 can be pressed downward by the knob 6. .
[0021]
A container 7 that can be pulled out is provided below the mill case 3. The container 7 is for receiving the crushed crushed bone particles. The container 7 is provided with a handle 8 that is used when the container 7 is pulled out.
[0022]
Further, the side wall 9 of the mill case 3 is removable as will be described later. For this reason, the side wall 9 is provided with a handle 10.
[0023]
A reduction gear mechanism, which will be described later, is accommodated in the gear box 4. An input shaft 11 protrudes from the gear box 4 in order to give an external driving force to the reduction gear mechanism.
[0024]
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which the lid 5 of the bone mill 1 is removed and the pair of side walls 9 are opened. As shown in FIG. 3, the pair of opposing side walls 9 constituting the mill case 3 can be opened by rotating the upper side outward with the lower side as the center. Furthermore, the side wall 9 can be removed from the mill case 3 from the state of FIG.
[0025]
In the mill case 3, as will be described later, a pair of cutter units 12 and 13 are provided. The side wall 9 is provided with a duster 14 protruding inward. FIG. 4 is a front view of the bone mill 1, in which the lid 5 and the front side wall 9 are removed, and the cover of the gear box 4 is further removed. FIG. 5 is a plan view of the bone mill 1 in the state shown in FIG.
[0026]
With reference to FIGS. 4 and 5, the bone mill 1 has three parallel support walls 21, 22, and 23 erected on the base 2. The mill case 3 is defined by the left support wall 21 and the center support wall 22 and a pair of front and rear side walls 9 (not shown because the front side wall 9 is removed). A pair of first cutter unit 12 and second cutter unit 13 are accommodated in the mill case 3. Each cutter unit 12, 13 is rotatably supported on both sides by support walls 21, 22. Each cutter unit 12, 13 has a plurality of disks 15 arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval. A plurality of blades 40 are formed on the peripheral surface of each disk 15. The center of each disk 15 is connected to each disk 15 by a shaft 17 extending in the orthogonal direction. Both ends of the shaft 17 are rotatably supported by the support walls 21 and 22. The support walls 21 and 22 support the cutter units 12 and 13 so that a substantial gap does not occur between the inner surface of the support walls 21 and the disk side surfaces of both ends of the cutter units 12 and 13.
[0027]
In each of the first and second cutter units 12 and 13, the shaft 17 is disposed substantially parallel to the horizontal direction. Further, the plurality of disks 15 of the first cutter unit 12 and the plurality of disks 15 of the second cutter unit 13 are positioned so as to alternately fit into the gaps. Then, the first cutter unit 12 and the second cutter unit 13 are rotated inward from each other. For this reason, the bones to be crushed supplied on the first and second cutter units 12 and 13 are below the center of both cutter units 12 and 13 by the blades 40 formed on the disk 15 that is rotated inwardly. And is pulverized by passing between the cutter units 12 and 13 from top to bottom.
[0028]
The pulverized bone particles fall into a container 7 provided below the mill case 3.
[0029]
The central support wall 22 also serves as a boundary wall between the mill case 3 and the gear box 4. A gear box 4 is defined between the central support wall 22 and the right support wall 23. A reduction gear mechanism 30 as a driving force transmission mechanism is provided in the gear box 4. The reduction gear mechanism 30 decelerates the rotational force applied to the input shaft 11 from the outside by a combination of a plurality of gears, increases the rotational torque, and transmits it to the shafts 17 of the first and second cutter units 12 and 13. Is.
[0030]
FIG. 6 is a development view of the reduction gear mechanism 30 and is a view for explaining transmission of rotational force. The external rotational force applied to the input shaft 11 is transmitted from the small diameter first gear 31 to the large diameter second gear 32. A small-diameter third gear 33 is coaxially connected to the second gear 32. A large-diameter fourth gear 34 meshes with the third gear 33. Therefore, the rotational force of the second gear 32 is transmitted to the third gear 33 and the fourth gear 34. A small-diameter fifth gear 35 is coaxially connected to the fourth gear 34. A sixth gear 36 connected to the shaft 17 of the first cutter unit 12 is engaged with the fifth gear 35. The sixth gear 36 meshes with a seventh gear 37 connected to the shaft 17 of the second cutter unit 13. The seventh gear 37 is not meshed with the fifth gear 35. Accordingly, the sixth gear 36 and the first cutter unit 12 are rotated clockwise in the drawing by the rotation of the fifth gear 35. On the other hand, the seventh gear 37 and the second cutter unit 13 rotate counterclockwise in the drawing.
[0031]
In this embodiment, the number of teeth of the sixth gear 36 is different from the number of teeth of the seventh gear 37. For example, the sixth gear 36 has 25 teeth and the seventh gear 37 has 15 teeth. Therefore, the rotational speed of the first cutter unit 12 and the rotational speed of the second cutter unit 13 are different.
[0032]
The gear configuration of the reduction gear mechanism 30 and the number of teeth in this embodiment are merely examples. In short, the rotational force applied to the input shaft 11 is applied to the first and second cutter units 12 and 13, and the first and second cutter units 12 and 13 are rotated inward with respect to each other. May be any gear mechanism (driving force transmission mechanism) whose rotational speed is different.
[0033]
7 is a plan view of the first cutter unit 12, FIG. 8A is a view taken along the arrow A in FIG. 7, and FIG. 8B is a view taken along the arrow B in FIG. For convenience of explanation, the blades are not shown in each disk 15 in FIG. 7, and only one disk is shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B.
[0034]
Referring to FIG. 7, the first cutter unit 12 is entirely composed of a metal, for example, stainless steel. That is, the first cutter unit 12 is formed by machining stainless steel in this embodiment. The reason why the cutter unit 12 is configured as an integral metal is that it is necessary to prevent dirt and blood from entering the gap between the disk 15 and the shaft 17.
[0035]
The cutter unit 12 can be constituted by an integral object such as titanium or ceramic in addition to stainless steel. In addition to machining, it is also possible to manufacture by casting or the like.
[0036]
Between the plurality of disks 15 arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval, the central portion of each disk 15 is connected by a shaft 17 extending in a direction orthogonal to each disk 15. The diameter of the shaft 17 connecting each disk 15 differs depending on the location. The reason is that the disc 15 of the second cutter unit 13 fits in the gap between the discs 15, and the shaft 17 has an outer periphery (rotation trajectory) of the disc 15 of the second cutter unit 13. There are a small-diameter portion 17S and a large-diameter portion 17L.
[0037]
In this embodiment, among the plurality of disks 15, the small diameter disk 15S has a thickness of 4 mm, and the large diameter disk 15L has a thickness of 5 mm. The reason why the large-diameter disk 15L is thicker than the small-diameter disk 15S is to ensure the strength of the large-diameter disk 15L.
[0038]
As shown in FIG. 8A, the large-diameter disk 15L has three biting blades 41 arranged at 120 ° intervals in the circumferential direction and three crushing blades 42 arranged between the biting blades 41. Is formed. The biting blade 41 is a blade that draws a large rotation locus, and the crushing blade 42 is a blade that draws a smaller rotation locus. Both blades 41 and 42 are formed by ridge lines in the thickness direction of the disk 15L. In order to form the biting blade 41, the disc 15L is formed with a scoop portion 43 that is cut from its peripheral surface toward the center of the disc and cut into a concave curve. A ridge line in the disc thickness direction formed by the tip of the rake portion 43 and the disc peripheral surface 44 forms the blade 41. Similarly, the crushing blade 42 is also formed by a ridge line formed by the rake portion 45 and the peripheral surface 46.
[0039]
If the rake portions 43 and 45 are cut from the disk circumferential surface toward the center and cut into a concave curved shape as described above, the crushed bone fragments and bone powder will not accumulate in the rake portions 43 and 45. There are advantages.
[0040]
In addition, by cutting the rear side of the biting blade 41 and forming the biting blade 41 at the tip of a triangular shape having a pointed shape, the biting blade 41 can easily bite into the bone to be crushed. is there.
[0041]
In this embodiment, three biting blades 41 are provided on the disk 15L, and the remaining three are grinding blades 42 that draw a small-diameter rotation locus. Thereby, the number of biting blades 41 is not too large, and the load applied to the disk 15L does not become too large.
[0042]
As shown in FIG. 7, the first cutter unit 12 is provided with two large-diameter disks 15L. The position of each blade on the two large-diameter disks 15L is 20 ° in the rotation direction. The angular position is shifted. Accordingly, the biting blades 41 of the two large-diameter disks 15L bite into the bone at different timings, so that the biting efficiency is good.
[0043]
Next, the small-diameter disk 15S will be described with reference to FIG. 8B. Six crushing blades 47 are formed on the small-diameter disk 15S at intervals of 60 ° in the rotation direction. These crushing blades 47 are also constituted by ridge lines in the thickness direction of the disk 15S. For this reason, a rake portion 48 is formed in association with each crushing blade 47. The rake portion 48 has a shape that is cut from the peripheral surface to the center of the disc and is concavely curved like the rake portions 43 and 45 formed on the large-diameter disc 15L.
[0044]
As shown in FIG. 7, the first cutter unit 12 includes five small-diameter disks 15S. In the five small-diameter disks 15S, the angular positions are changed so that the positions of the pulverizing blades 47 in the small-diameter disks 15S are shifted by 10 ° with respect to the rotation direction from the right side to the left side in FIG.
[0045]
Therefore, in FIG. 7, the crushing blades 47 of the five small-diameter disks 15S arranged from right to left first contribute to the crushing of the bone, and then the second crushing blade 47 of the rightmost disk 15S is the second from the right. The crushing blades 47 of the discs 15S contribute to crushing the bone, and then the crushing blades 47 of the third, fourth, and fifth discs 15S contribute to crushing, respectively. At the same time, instead of contributing to bone crushing, the crushing blades 47 of the plurality of small-diameter disks 15S sequentially contribute to bone crushing. Thereby, when viewed as the cutter unit 12 as a whole, there is an advantage that the load applied at a time is small and the cutter unit 12 can be rotated by a small driving force.
[0046]
9 is a plan view of the second cutter unit 13, FIG. 10A is an arrow view along arrow A in FIG. 9, and FIG. 10B is an arrow view along arrow B in FIG.
[0047]
The second cutter unit 13 includes two large diameter disks 15L and four small diameter disks 15S. The large diameter disk 15L has a thickness of 5 mm, and the small diameter disk 15S has a thickness of 4 mm, which is the same size as the disk of the first cutter unit 12. The shaft 17 also has a small-diameter shaft 17S and a large-diameter shaft 17L in accordance with the outer periphery (rotation locus) of the disc of the first cutter unit 12 that fits into the gap of the disc 15.
[0048]
The shapes and configurations of the large-diameter disk 15L and the small-diameter disk 15S are basically the same as the disks 15L and 15S of the first cutter unit 12 described with reference to FIGS. 8A and 8B. However, when viewed from the same direction, the disk 15 of the first cutter unit 12 and the disk 15 of the second cutter unit 13 are symmetrical. Since the other configurations are the same for both disks 15L and 15S, the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted here.
[0049]
FIG. 11 is a plan view showing the configuration of the side wall 9 and the duster 14 projecting from the inner surface of the side wall 9, and FIG. 12 is a side view thereof. The side wall 9 and duster 14 in FIGS. 11 and 12 are shown on the second cutter unit 13 side. In this embodiment, the side wall 9 and the duster 14 are formed as a single body by machining a stainless steel. This is because, like the cutter units 12 and 13, there are no gaps for blood or the like to enter, and cleaning and sterilization are easy to perform.
[0050]
The role of the duster 14 is to prevent bone particles from entering the gap between the inner surface of the side wall 9 and the cutter units 12, 13, and the crushed pulverized bone particles adhere to the cutter units 12, 13 and rotate. The pulverized bone particles fall downward. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 11, the duster 14 has the unevenness | corrugation which protrudes in a comb-tooth shape in planar view. The unevenness is associated with the disk 15 and the shaft 17 of the second cutter unit 13 and is fitted between the disks 15.
[0051]
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 12, each duster 14 has a substantially isosceles side having an upper side 141 extending from the upper side of the side wall 9 toward the diagonally inward side and a lower side 142 extending from the lower side of the side wall 9 to the diagonally upper side. It has a triangular shape. The apex of the substantially isosceles triangle is an arcuate portion 143 that is recessed so as to face the shaft 17 of the second cutter unit 13. The arcuate portion 143 has an arc recess 143L corresponding to the thick shaft 17L and an arc recess 143S corresponding to the thin shaft 17S.
[0052]
Further, the bottom of the side wall 9 is an engagement recess 51 whose side surface shape is recessed in a semicircular shape. The engagement recess 51 is fitted to a shaft 52 (see FIGS. 4 and 5) provided in the mill case 3, and the side wall 9 and the duster 14 are attached to and detached from the mill case 3 by rotating the entire side wall 9 and duster 14. Is possible.
[0053]
FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the bone X is taken in by the large-diameter disk 15L. FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining how the bone X is crushed by the small-diameter disk 15S. As shown in FIG. 13, the bone X to be pulverized that has been put into the upper part of the mill case 3 is taken into between the pair of cutter units 12 and 13 by the biting blade 41 of the large-diameter disk 15L. At the same time, as shown in FIG. 14, the captured bone X is pulverized by the pulverizing blade 47 of the small-diameter disk 15S that is rotated inward.
[0054]
In this embodiment, the left and right discs are rotated at different rotational speeds, so that the bone X can be easily taken up and pulverized.
[0055]
When the bone X is taken in and crushed, the duster 14 blocks the outside of the first cutter unit 12 and the second cutter unit 13 (the gaps between the cutter units 12 and 13 and the side walls 9). Large bone fragments do not fall down. Further, since the upper side of the duster 14 is inclined downward toward the central part of the two cutter units 12 and 13, the bone X to be crushed is guided to the central part of both the cutter units 12 and 13.
[0056]
In addition, some of the bone particles that have been crushed by passing between the two cutter units 12 and 13 rotate while being attached to the disk 15 or the blade 40 (41, 42, 47). From the sloped bottom and bumps, the crushed bone particles fall without returning upward.
[0057]
Accordingly, the crushed bone particles are not wasted and all fall into the container 7.
[0058]
FIG. 15 is an illustrative view for explaining the configuration of the container 7 and its housing structure. In FIG. 15, the right side is the front of the bone mill 1 and is the direction in which the container 7 can be pulled out.
[0059]
A placement surface 61 for placing the container 7B is provided below the mill case. In addition, the mill case is provided with a pair of rails 610 as another aspect of the mounting surface for locking the container 7A. Each container 7A, 7B can be pulled out as indicated by an arrow A10.
[0060]
In this embodiment, the container 7 includes a main container 7A having a deep bottom and a shallow tray 7B. In general, bone is not pulverized by passing between the first cutter unit 12 and the second cutter unit 13 only once. The pulverized bone particles once pulverized are supplied again between the first cutter unit 12 and the second cutter unit 13, and the pulverization process is performed. By repeating this process several times, bone fragments having a desired sizing can be obtained. Therefore, when the main container 7A having a deep bottom is pulled out and the crushed bone particles dropped into the main container 7A are supplied again from above the mill case 3, the crushed bone particles are dropped from between the cutter units 12 and 13 downward. There is. In order to receive the falling bone particles, a tray 7B is provided. By doing so, the crushed bone can be used without waste.
[0061]
Furthermore, the mounting surface 61 and the rail 610 are given a gentle climbing gradient of an angle θ in the direction in which the container 7 is pulled out. The reason is as follows. When the bone mill 1 is used, vibration is generated. Therefore, when the mounting surface 61 and the rail 610 are kept horizontal, the container 7B placed thereon and the locked container 7A may gradually jump out in the pulling direction due to vibration. In order to prevent this, a lock mechanism that prevents the container 7 from popping out may be provided. However, as a bone mill that is a living surgical tool, a simple structure is preferable in order to facilitate cleaning and sterilization. . Therefore, the mounting surface 61 and the rail 610 are given an ascending slope so that the container 7 does not slide out during use without providing a container 7 pop-out locking mechanism.
[0062]
With reference to FIG. 16, FIG. 17, the locking mechanism as a safety device with which the reduction gear mechanism 30 was equipped is demonstrated. In this embodiment, the cutter units 12 and 13 are rotated only when the lid 5 is attached. For this purpose, there are provided operation pins 72 that are pushed down with the lid 5 attached and displaced upward when the lid 5 is removed. The operation pin 72 is provided in association with the upper opening of the mill case. The operation pin 72 is attached to the end of an operation rod 73 that communicates from the central support wall 22 to the right support wall 23. The operation rod 73 is rotated by the displacement of the operation pin 72. A blade 74 that is fitted to the second gear 32 having a large diameter is fixed to the operation rod 73. When the operation pin 72 is pushed down and the operation rod 73 is rotated counterclockwise, the blade 74 is disengaged from the second gear 32. On the other hand, if no force is applied to the operation pin 72 from the outside, the operation rod 73 is rotated clockwise by the weight of the blade 74. Further, if necessary, as shown schematically, a spring 71 that elastically biases the operating rod 73 in the clockwise direction may be provided, and the operating rod 73 may be rotated by the elastic force of the spring 71. In a state where the operation rod 73 is rotated clockwise and the operation pin 72 is displaced upward, the blade 74 is engaged with the second gear 32. As a result, the second gear 32 is prevented from rotating in the forward direction (counterclockwise). Therefore, only when the mill case 3 is covered with the lid 5 and the cutter units 12 and 13 are not exposed, the cutter units 12 and 13 can be rotated inward from each other.
[0063]
In the state where the blade 74 is fitted to the second gear 32, the second gear 32 cannot rotate counterclockwise, but it is preferable that the blade 74 be rotatable clockwise. Such a configuration can be easily performed by fitting the blade 74 to the second gear 32.
[0064]
Next, with reference to FIGS. 18-22, the usage method of the bone mill 1 is demonstrated.
[0065]
First, as shown in FIG. 18, the lid 5 is removed, and the bone X to be crushed is put into the mill case 3 as shown in FIG. Next, as shown in FIG. 20, the lid 5 is attached. When the knob 6 for pushing down the bone X downward is provided on the lid 5, the bone X may be pushed down by the knob 6.
[0066]
Next, as shown in FIG. 21, a hermetically sealed waterproof electric motor 100 as a power source is connected to the input shaft 11. Then, the input shaft 11 is rotated by the electric motor 100.
[0067]
The reason why the hermetically sealed waterproof electric motor 100 is used is that the bone crushing operation using the bone mill 1 is performed in parallel with the operation in the operating room or the like. Although what is carried to the operating room needs to be sterilized for hygiene purposes, the hermetically sealed waterproof electric motor 100 can be sterilized without adversely affecting the internal mechanism.
[0068]
In the case where the electric motor 100 is not used, as shown in FIG. 22, the hand turning handle 101 may be connected to the input shaft 11 and the bone crushing operation may be performed manually.
[0069]
In the bone mill 1 according to the above-described embodiment, an example in which six blades are formed on each disk is shown. However, one blade may be formed on the disk 15, or an arbitrary plurality of blades may be formed. The number of disks provided in one cutter unit may be any number. The angular intervals of the blades provided on the disk may be equal intervals corresponding to the number of blades, or may be set randomly. When the blades of the disk are provided at random angular intervals, when viewed as the entire cutter unit, the load applied at one time is small, and the cutter unit can be rotated with a small driving force. Since the thickness of the disc is related to the size of the bone to be crushed, if the bone to be crushed is about 10 mm, the thickness of the disc may be about 10 mm.
[0070]
Further, the reduction gear mechanism 30 is not necessarily required, and the reduction gear mechanism can be omitted when an electric motor having a large torque is used as a power source.
[0071]
Furthermore, it is good also as a structure which couple | bonded the electric motor as a drive source integrally with a bone mill.
[0072]
The present invention is not limited to the contents of the embodiments described above, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the claims. The present invention is specified based on the claims.
[0073]
【Example】
Using the bone mill 1 described above, bone crushing was tested as follows.
[0074]
The gear ratio of the reduction gear mechanism 30 of the bone mill 1 is 1/30, and the motor 100 used was an orthostar surgical motor manufactured by Kyocera Corporation.
[0075]
[Example 1]
Method: The cortical bone of the head ball removed from the hip joint of the human body is scraped off and the whole head is crushed.
[0076]
Result: Bone Mill 1 completed bone crushing without ever stopping. The pulverized bone particles had a diameter of about 5 mm and were well-sized. The grinding time was about 30 seconds.
[0077]
[Example 2]
Method: Crush the whole bone head while leaving the cortical bone of the headball resected from the hip joint of the human body.
[0078]
Result: Bone mill 1 completed bone crushing without ever stopping. Bone with a diameter of about 5 mm and a well-aligned size was obtained. The grinding time was about 30 seconds.
[0079]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the first cutter unit and the first cutter unit each having a plurality of discs arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals and having a blade formed on the peripheral surface thereof, and an axis extending in a direction orthogonal to each disc. A bone mill is composed of two cutter units, and a driving force transmission mechanism for rotating the shafts of the first cutter unit and the second cutter unit inwardly. Further, in the bone mill, the shafts of the cutter units are By positioning the plurality of discs of the first cutter unit and the plurality of discs of the second cutter unit, which are arranged in parallel in the substantially horizontal direction, so that they fit alternately into the gap, When the bone to be crushed is supplied, the bones are taken in between by the discs that are rotated inwardly, and the blades of the discs bite into the bones to break the bones It can be milled bone to the desired sizing in a short time.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a commercially available bone mill as a prior art.
FIG. 2 is an external perspective view of a bone mill according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state where a bone mill lid is removed and a pair of side walls are opened.
FIG. 4 is a front view of the bone mill, showing a state where a lid and a front side wall are removed and a cover of a gear box is removed.
FIG. 5 is a plan view of the bone mill in the state shown in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a development view of a reduction gear mechanism.
FIG. 7 is a plan view of the first cutter unit.
FIG. 8A is an arrow view along the arrow A in FIG. 7; B is an arrow view along arrow B in FIG.
FIG. 9 is a plan view of a second cutter unit.
FIG. 10A is an arrow view along arrow A in FIG. B is an arrow view along arrow B in FIG. 9.
FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a configuration of a duster protruding from a side wall and an inner surface of the side wall.
FIG. 12 is a side view showing a configuration of a duster protruding from the side wall and the inner surface of the side wall.
FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a state in which bone is taken in by a large-diameter disk.
FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a state in which bone is crushed by a small-diameter disk.
FIG. 15 is an illustrative view for explaining the configuration of the container and the housing structure thereof.
FIG. 16 is a view for explaining a lock mechanism as a safety device provided in the reduction gear mechanism.
17 is an arrow view along arrow A in FIG. 16;
FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a use procedure for explaining a method of using the bone mill.
FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a use procedure for explaining a method of using the bone mill.
FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a use procedure for explaining how to use the bone mill.
FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a use procedure for explaining how to use the bone mill.
FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a use procedure for explaining a method of using the bone mill.
[Explanation of symbols]
3 Mil case
4 Gearbox
5 lid
9 Side wall
11 Input shaft
12 First cutter unit
13 Second cutter unit
14 Duster
15 discs
17 axes
21, 22, 23 Support wall
30 Reduction gear mechanism (drive force transmission mechanism)
41, 42, 47 blades

Claims (10)

A plurality of discs having a first cutter unit and a second cutter unit that are rotatable, each cutter unit being arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval, and having a blade formed on a peripheral surface thereof;
Connecting the center of each disc, a shaft extending in the direction perpendicular to the disk,
A blade formed in the disk of the first cutter unit, such that the bone to be ground between the second cutter unit disk formed blade is taken, the shaft and the said first cutter unit first A driving force transmission mechanism for rotating the shafts of the two cutter units inward each other ;
A case for accommodating the first cutter unit and the second cutter unit,
The first cutter unit and the second cutter unit have shafts arranged in parallel in a substantially horizontal direction, and the plurality of disks of the first cutter unit and the plurality of disks of the second cutter unit are alternately arranged. Is positioned so as to fit in the gap,
The case is disposed between a pair of support walls rotatably supporting both sides of the shafts of the first cutter unit and the second cutter unit, and to be removable between the support walls in parallel with the shaft of the cutter unit. A pair of side walls,
The pair of support walls and the pair of side walls surround the first cutter unit and the second cutter unit,
Below the case, there is provided a mounting surface on which a container for receiving bone that is crushed and dropped by passing between the two cutter units can be pulled out, and the container includes a main container having a deep bottom, Including a saucer for receiving the main container ,
Bone mill.   The bone mill according to claim 1, wherein each cutter unit includes a plurality of discs and a shaft formed as a single unit. Each cutter unit has a small diameter disk and a large diameter disk,
Large diameter discs are equipped with a blade that draws a large trajectory,
2. The bone mill according to claim 1, wherein the small-diameter disk is provided with a blade for drawing a small rotation locus.   4. The bone mill according to claim 3, wherein the large-diameter disk is thicker than the small-diameter disk. 2. The bone mill according to claim 1, wherein the blades of the adjacent disks of each cutter unit are formed at angular positions shifted in the rotation direction.   2. The bone mill according to claim 1, wherein the driving force transmission mechanism transmits the driving force such that the shaft of the first cutter unit and the shaft of the second cutter unit rotate at different rotational speeds. Each sidewall Bonmiru according claim 1, characterized in that it is detachable from the support wall. Each side wall is provided with a duster that protrudes inward and fits into a gap between a plurality of discs of an opposing cutter unit,
The duster, when viewed parallel to the side wall, has a substantially isosceles triangular shape having an upper side extending obliquely downward from above the side wall inner surface and a lower side extending diagonally upward from below the side wall inner surface. and its apex, Bonmiru of claim 1, wherein the along the axis of the cutter unit facing recessed in an arc shape. 2. The bone mill according to claim 1, wherein the pair of support walls support the cutter unit so that a substantial gap does not occur between the inner surface of the pair of support walls and the disk side surfaces at both ends of the cutter unit. The bone mill according to claim 1 , wherein the placing surface has a gentle climbing slope in a container pulling direction.

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