JP4472710B2 - クロスフロー風力タービン - Google Patents
クロスフロー風力タービン Download PDFInfo
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- JP4472710B2 JP4472710B2 JP2006551656A JP2006551656A JP4472710B2 JP 4472710 B2 JP4472710 B2 JP 4472710B2 JP 2006551656 A JP2006551656 A JP 2006551656A JP 2006551656 A JP2006551656 A JP 2006551656A JP 4472710 B2 JP4472710 B2 JP 4472710B2
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D3/04—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor having stationary wind-guiding means, e.g. with shrouds or channels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D3/04—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor having stationary wind-guiding means, e.g. with shrouds or channels
- F03D3/0409—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor having stationary wind-guiding means, e.g. with shrouds or channels surrounding the rotor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D3/04—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor having stationary wind-guiding means, e.g. with shrouds or channels
- F03D3/0427—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor having stationary wind-guiding means, e.g. with shrouds or channels with converging inlets, i.e. the guiding means intercepting an area greater than the effective rotor area
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D15/00—Transmission of mechanical power
- F03D15/10—Transmission of mechanical power using gearing not limited to rotary motion, e.g. with oscillating or reciprocating members
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/10—Stators
- F05B2240/12—Fluid guiding means, e.g. vanes
- F05B2240/121—Baffles or ribs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/10—Stators
- F05B2240/13—Stators to collect or cause flow towards or away from turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/20—Rotors
- F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
- F05B2240/211—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis
- F05B2240/213—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis of the Savonius type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/20—Rotors
- F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S415/00—Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps
- Y10S415/905—Natural fluid current motor
- Y10S415/907—Vertical runner axis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S416/00—Fluid reaction surfaces, i.e. impellers
- Y10S416/04—Fluid current motor and generator
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S416/00—Fluid reaction surfaces, i.e. impellers
- Y10S416/09—Savonius
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Description
本発明は、効率が大幅に向上したクロスフロー風力タービンを提供することにより、従来技術の短所および限界を克服する。
qrefは基準フローヘッドである。
pは空気密度であり、Urefはロータの中間の高さで計測した上流速度である。
Pw=1/2pAS3[Watts]
Pwは風から得られる電力であり、pは空気密度(kg/m3)=1.225kg/m3(海水面上)であり、Aはロータ掃動面積(m2)=ロータの高さ×ロータの直径 であり、Sは風速(m/s)である。
Pt=ロータのトルク(Nm)×回転速度(rad/sec) [Watts]
タービン効率
%効率=(Pt/Pw)×100
一旦タービンの効率が決まると、タービン電力もまた、以下の式から計算し得る。
図5は、風の流れの方向およびその強度を示す風速風向図である。図5に示すように、風は、エアフォイルステータ102の表面118上で風を加速させるエアフォイルステータ102のエアフロー特性の結果、エアフォイルステータ102とロータブレード110との間で加速する。図5における矢印の長さは、風の速度の大きさを示す。図5に示すように、ロータブレード120の前面に沿って、ロータ112の後面に向かう速度の大きな風が生成される。ロータブレード110の前面の表面に沿って風の速度が大きくなることにより、負の圧力が生成され、その一方で、ロータ112の後面に吹き付ける風が正の圧力を生成する。さらに、ステータ104は、風がロータブレード110の後面に当たるように風の向きを変える。
このように、垂直に直接接続することにより、直角ギアボックス2702および可変速度ギアボックス2804が原因で生じる機械的損失が無くなる。回転シャフト2712は、直結駆動発電機に直接接続されてもよい。この構成により、ギアボックスを全て無くしてしまうことにより、ギアボックスが原因で生じるいかなる機械的損失も無くなる。当業者に公知のさまざまな電気技術を用いて、電気グリッドに印加可能な60サイクルの信号を生成することができる。
Claims (6)
- 広範な風速範囲に亘って高効率で風エネルギを捕捉できるクロスフロー風力タービンシステムであって、
2つの半円形のロータブレードを有するロータと、
エアフォイルステータのエアフォイル表面上を流れる風を捕捉して加速し、且つ、前記ロータブレードが仕事行程の間に前記エアフォイル表面とすれ違うと前記ロータブレードの前面上に負の圧力領域が形成されるような所定のサイズを有するギャップを、前記ロータブレードと前記エアフォイル表面との間に設けるように配置され且つ反り曲がった断面を有するエアフォイルステータと、
前記仕事行程の反対行程である戻りサイクルの間に前記ロータブレードの前面上で妨害しないように風を実質的にブロックし、仕事行程の間、ブロッキングステータによってブロックされた風を前記ロータブレードの後面に向けて方向転換することで、前記仕事行程の間、前記ロータブレードの前面と前記ロータブレードの後面との間に圧力差が生じ、この圧力差が前記ロータブレードを効率的な様態で回転させる動力を生成するように配置されたブロッキングステータとを含むことを特徴とするクロスフロー風力タービンシステム。 - 風から機械エネルギを生成するクロスフロー風力タービンであって、
ロータブレードのロータ軸回りの回転のうちの少なくともある期間の間、前記ロータブレードの前面と前記ロータ軸との間にギャップが形成されるように、前記ロータ回りに対称に配置された複数のロータブレードを有するロータと、
前記ロータブレードが前記風によって駆動される駆動空間と、前記ロータブレードが前記駆動空間に戻る戻り空間とを有する、前記ロータブレードが通過する容積空間内に形成されるロータ空間と、
実質的に二方向式のクロスフロー風力タービンを提供するように前記ロータ回りに非対称に配置され、風を前記駆動空間へと向け且つ風を前記戻り空間から離れるように向けて、前記ロータを回転させて前記機械的エネルギを生成させ且つ反り曲がった断面を有する複数のエアフォイルとを含むことを特徴とするクロスフロー風力タービン。 - 請求項2に記載のクロスフロー風力タービンにおいて、
前記ロータ軸が非円形の断面を有することを特徴とするクロスフロー風力タービン。 - 請求項2に記載のクロスフロー風力タービンにおいて、
前記ロータブレードは、前記風が、前記駆動空間において前記ロータブレード上を流れ、前記ギャップを通過し、そして前記ロータ空間の前記戻り空間内へと至るように、前記ロータに配置されていることを特徴とするクロスフロー風力タービン。 - 請求項3に記載のクロスフロー風力タービンにおいて、
前記ロータブレードは、前記風が、前記駆動空間において前記ロータブレード上を流れ、前記ギャップを通過し、そして前記ロータ空間の前記戻り空間内へと至るように、前記ロータに配置されていることを特徴とするクロスフロー風力タービン。 - 請求項2に記載のクロスフロー風力タービンにおいて、
前記ロータ軸は鉛直方向に延び、前記エアフォイルは少なくとも部分的にベース上に延在し、前記ベースおよび前記エアフォイルが前記クロスフロー風力タービンの下側部分に沿って流れる風を捕捉し、前記クロスフロー風力タービンの前記下側部分からの風を方向転換することを特徴とするクロスフロー風力タービン。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US63944804P | 2004-12-23 | 2004-12-23 | |
US11/284,774 US7189050B2 (en) | 2003-04-30 | 2005-11-21 | Cross-flow wind turbine |
PCT/US2005/046645 WO2006071738A2 (en) | 2004-12-23 | 2005-12-22 | Cross-flow wind turbine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2007518934A JP2007518934A (ja) | 2007-07-12 |
JP4472710B2 true JP4472710B2 (ja) | 2010-06-02 |
Family
ID=36615429
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006551656A Active JP4472710B2 (ja) | 2004-12-23 | 2005-12-22 | クロスフロー風力タービン |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7189050B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1831572A2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4472710B2 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2005322181A1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2577738A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006071738A2 (ja) |
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-
2005
- 2005-11-21 US US11/284,774 patent/US7189050B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-12-22 CA CA002577738A patent/CA2577738A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-12-22 EP EP05855239A patent/EP1831572A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-12-22 JP JP2006551656A patent/JP4472710B2/ja active Active
- 2005-12-22 WO PCT/US2005/046645 patent/WO2006071738A2/en active Application Filing
- 2005-12-22 AU AU2005322181A patent/AU2005322181A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2007
- 2007-03-13 US US11/685,365 patent/US7347660B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2006071738A2 (en) | 2006-07-06 |
JP2007518934A (ja) | 2007-07-12 |
CA2577738A1 (en) | 2006-07-06 |
EP1831572A2 (en) | 2007-09-12 |
AU2005322181A1 (en) | 2006-07-06 |
US7347660B2 (en) | 2008-03-25 |
US7189050B2 (en) | 2007-03-13 |
WO2006071738A3 (en) | 2007-01-04 |
US20070154299A1 (en) | 2007-07-05 |
US20060110243A1 (en) | 2006-05-25 |
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