JP4463064B2 - Sheet for solar cell encapsulant - Google Patents
Sheet for solar cell encapsulant Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4463064B2 JP4463064B2 JP2004291667A JP2004291667A JP4463064B2 JP 4463064 B2 JP4463064 B2 JP 4463064B2 JP 2004291667 A JP2004291667 A JP 2004291667A JP 2004291667 A JP2004291667 A JP 2004291667A JP 4463064 B2 JP4463064 B2 JP 4463064B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- ethylene
- sheet
- solar cell
- vinyl acetate
- meth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000008393 encapsulating agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 21
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920003067 (meth)acrylic acid ester copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 34
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- -1 butyl peroxyisopropyl carbonate Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(prop-2-enyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound C=CCN1C(=O)N(CC=C)C(=O)N(CC=C)C1=O KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KUDUQBURMYMBIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-prop-2-enoyloxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCOC(=O)C=C KUDUQBURMYMBIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101100389815 Caenorhabditis elegans eva-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZQBAKBUEJOMQEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 ZQBAKBUEJOMQEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert‐butyl hydroperoxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OO CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNFXPOAMRORRJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-octylphenyl) 2-hydroxybenzoate Chemical compound C1=CC(CCCCCCCC)=CC=C1OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O VNFXPOAMRORRJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NALFRYPTRXKZPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-bis(tert-butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CC(C)(C)CC(OOC(C)(C)C)(OOC(C)(C)C)C1 NALFRYPTRXKZPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HSLFISVKRDQEBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-bis(tert-butylperoxy)cyclohexane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC1(OOC(C)(C)C)CCCCC1 HSLFISVKRDQEBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UICXTANXZJJIBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(1-hydroperoxycyclohexyl)peroxycyclohexan-1-ol Chemical compound C1CCCCC1(O)OOC1(OO)CCCCC1 UICXTANXZJJIBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSZYESUNPWGWFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-hydroperoxypropan-2-yl)-4-methylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CCC(C(C)(C)OO)CC1 XSZYESUNPWGWFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MEZZCSHVIGVWFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2'-Dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone Chemical compound OC1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O MEZZCSHVIGVWFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJELTSYBAHKXRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-triallyloxy-1,3,5-triazine Chemical compound C=CCOC1=NC(OCC=C)=NC(OCC=C)=N1 BJELTSYBAHKXRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKTNISGZEGZHIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-$l^{1}-oxidanyloxy-2-methylpropane Chemical group CC(C)(C)O[O] YKTNISGZEGZHIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LHPPDQUVECZQSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-ditert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC(N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)=C1O LHPPDQUVECZQSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IYAZLDLPUNDVAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C(N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)=C1 IYAZLDLPUNDVAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFUGQJXVXHBTEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroperoxy-2-(2-hydroperoxybutan-2-ylperoxy)butane Chemical compound CCC(C)(OO)OOC(C)(CC)OO WFUGQJXVXHBTEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CFVWNXQPGQOHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C=C CFVWNXQPGQOHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromo-1,1,1-trifluorobutane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CCCBr DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FETUUKHOLDNMQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-benzoyl-1-hydroxy-3-methoxycyclohexa-2,4-diene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC(O)(C(O)=O)C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 FETUUKHOLDNMQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QLZINFDMOXMCCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-(7-hydroxyheptylperoxy)heptan-1-ol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCOOCCCCCCCO QLZINFDMOXMCCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004641 Diallyl-phthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101000905241 Mus musculus Heart- and neural crest derivatives-expressed protein 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKKRPWIIYQTPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C(C)=C)COC(=O)C(C)=C OKKRPWIIYQTPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005396 acrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008366 benzophenones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZPOLOEWJWXZUSP-AATRIKPKSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) (e)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)\C=C\C(=O)OCC=C ZPOLOEWJWXZUSP-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZPOLOEWJWXZUSP-WAYWQWQTSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) (z)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCC=C ZPOLOEWJWXZUSP-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC=C QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FSRYENDEMMDKMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N butoxy ethaneperoxoate Chemical group CCCCOOOC(C)=O FSRYENDEMMDKMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UPIWXMRIPODGLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl benzenecarboperoxoate Chemical group CCCCOOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 UPIWXMRIPODGLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RPPBZEBXAAZZJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium telluride Chemical compound [Te]=[Cd] RPPBZEBXAAZZJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- UIPVMGDJUWUZEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;selanylideneindium Chemical compound [Cu].[In]=[Se] UIPVMGDJUWUZEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol dimethacrylate Substances CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005397 methacrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PHQOGHDTIVQXHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCNCCN PHQOGHDTIVQXHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MQWFLKHKWJMCEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[3-[dimethoxy(methyl)silyl]propyl]ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)CCCNCCN MQWFLKHKWJMCEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DXGLGDHPHMLXJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxybenzone Chemical compound OC1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 DXGLGDHPHMLXJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960000969 phenyl salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphite(3-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- PFBLRDXPNUJYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-methylpropaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)C(=O)OOC(C)(C)C PFBLRDXPNUJYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10743—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing acrylate (co)polymers or salts thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10293—Edge features, e.g. inserts or holes
- B32B17/10302—Edge sealing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10697—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer being cross-linked
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10788—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing ethylene vinylacetate
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- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Description
本発明は、太陽電池モジュールにおける太陽電池素子を固定するための太陽電池封止材用シート及び該太陽電池封止材用シートにより太陽電池素子を封止した太陽電池モジュールに関する。さらに詳しくは、透明性、柔軟性、加工性、耐候性、架橋性に優れ、しかも絶縁性に優れた太陽電池封止材用シート及び該シートを使用した太陽電池モジュールに関する。 The present invention relates to a solar cell encapsulant sheet for fixing a solar cell element in a solar cell module and a solar cell module in which the solar cell element is sealed with the solar cell encapsulant sheet. More specifically, the present invention relates to a sheet for a solar cell encapsulant that is excellent in transparency, flexibility, workability, weather resistance, crosslinkability, and excellent in insulation, and a solar cell module using the sheet.
近年の環境問題の高まりを背景に、クリーンなエネルギーとして水力発電、風力発電並びに太陽光発電が脚光を浴びている。このうち太陽光発電は、太陽電池モジュールの発電効率等の性能向上が著しい一方、価格の低下が進んだこと、国や自治体が住宅用太陽光発電システム導入促進事業を進めてきたことから、ここ数年その普及が著しく進んでいる。 Against the background of increasing environmental problems in recent years, hydroelectric power generation, wind power generation and solar power generation are attracting attention as clean energy. Among these, solar power generation is here because the power generation efficiency of solar cell modules has been significantly improved, but the price has declined, and the national and local governments have promoted the introduction of residential solar power generation systems. The spread has been remarkable for several years.
太陽光発電は、シリコンセル半導体（太陽電池素子）を用いて太陽光エネルギーを直接電気エネルギーに変換するが、ここで用いられている太陽電池素子は直接外気と接触するとその機能が低下するため、太陽電池素子を封止材ないし保護膜で挟み、緩衝とともに、異物の混入や水分等の侵入を防いでいる。この封止材には太陽電池の機能安定化を図るため、封止材の耐電圧性能に加え、絶縁性能を向上させ、半導体中の電流リークをできる限り防ぐ必要がある。すなわち封止材の体積抵抗率の増大が、太陽光発電システムの性能向上に重要である。 Photovoltaic power generation converts solar energy directly into electrical energy using a silicon cell semiconductor (solar cell element), but the solar cell element used here has a reduced function when in direct contact with the outside air, The solar cell element is sandwiched between a sealing material or a protective film to prevent foreign matters from entering and moisture and the like from entering together with buffering. In order to stabilize the function of the solar cell, it is necessary for this encapsulant to improve the insulation performance in addition to the withstand voltage performance of the encapsulant and prevent current leakage in the semiconductor as much as possible. That is, an increase in the volume resistivity of the sealing material is important for improving the performance of the photovoltaic power generation system.
この太陽電池封止材用シートとしては、透明性、柔軟性、易成形性、耐久性の面から酢酸ビニル含有量が２５〜３３重量％のエチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体の架橋物の使用が一般的である（例えば特許文献１参照）。ところがエチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体は酢酸ビニル含有量が高いほど体積抵抗率が低く、また吸湿すると体積抵抗率がさらに低下するという問題がある。 As this solar cell encapsulant sheet, use of a cross-linked product of an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer having a vinyl acetate content of 25 to 33% by weight in terms of transparency, flexibility, easy moldability and durability. It is general (see, for example, Patent Document 1). However, the ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer has a problem that the volume resistivity is lower as the vinyl acetate content is higher, and the volume resistivity is further reduced when moisture is absorbed.
これらの対策として、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体の酢酸ビニル含有量を下げることが考えられるが、この場合透明性が低下し、太陽光受光量が減少し、太陽電池としての出力が低下すると共にシートの柔軟性が低下し、太陽電池素子を破損させる虞があった。 As measures against these, it is conceivable to reduce the vinyl acetate content of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. In this case, however, the transparency decreases, the amount of received sunlight decreases, and the output as a solar cell decreases. There was a possibility that the flexibility of the sheet was lowered and the solar cell element was damaged.
上述のように太陽光発電においては、各部分からのコストダウンと性能向上のための研究開発が繰り広げられているが、より一層の普及のためにはさらなるエネルギー変換効率の向上、材料費の削減及び薄膜化が図られている。その中で、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体の体積抵抗率の低さが問題になりつつある。 As described above, in photovoltaic power generation, research and development for cost reduction and performance improvement from each part is being carried out, but for further diffusion, further improvement of energy conversion efficiency and reduction of material costs In addition, the film thickness is reduced. Among them, the low volume resistivity of the ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer is becoming a problem.
そこで本発明の目的は、透明性、柔軟性、加工性、耐候性、架橋性等に優れ、しかも絶縁性が大幅に改善された太陽電池封止材用シート及び該封止材用シートを用いた太陽電池モジュールを提供することにある。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to use a solar cell encapsulant sheet and an encapsulant sheet that are excellent in transparency, flexibility, processability, weather resistance, crosslinkability, etc., and that have significantly improved insulation. It is to provide a solar cell module.
すなわち本発明は、酢酸ビニル含有量が１５〜４０重量％のエチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体を主体とする本体層（Ａ）と（メタ）アクリル酸エステル含有量が１５〜３５重量％のエチレン・（メタ）アクリル酸エステル共重合体を主成分とする封止層（Ｂ）とからなる厚さが０．２〜１．２ｍｍの架橋性積層シートであって、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体及びエチレン・（メタ）アクリル酸エステル共重合体のメルトフローレート（ＪＩＳ Ｋ７２１０−１９９９、１９０℃、２１６０ｇ荷重）が、それぞれ０．５〜１５０ｇ／１０分の範囲にある架橋性積層シートを用いることを特徴とする太陽電池封止材用シートに関する。 That is, the present invention comprises a main body layer (A) mainly composed of an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer having a vinyl acetate content of 15 to 40% by weight and an ethylene / vinyl acetate content of 15 to 35% by weight. A cross-linkable laminated sheet having a thickness of 0.2 to 1.2 mm comprising a sealing layer (B) mainly composed of a (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer , comprising an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer and Use a crosslinkable laminate sheet in which the melt flow rate (JIS K7210-1999, 190 ° C., 2160 g load) of the ethylene / (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer is in the range of 0.5 to 150 g / 10 min. It is related with the sheet | seat for solar cell sealing materials characterized.
本発明はまた、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体を主成分とする本体層（Ａ）、エチレン・（メタ）アクリル酸エステル共重合体を主成分とする封止層（Ｂ）及び太陽電池素子がこの順で積層されてなる太陽電池モジュールの封止構造に関する。 The present invention also provides a main body layer (A) mainly composed of an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer, a sealing layer (B) mainly composed of an ethylene / (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer, and a solar cell element. It is related with the sealing structure of the solar cell module laminated | stacked in this order.
本発明によれば、従来使用されていたエチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体からなる太陽電池封止材用シートに比較して、透明性、加工性、柔軟性、耐候性、架橋特性などは実質的に変わるところがなく、絶縁性が改良された封止材用シートを提供することができ、これを用いた太陽電池モジュールにおいて性能が安定化される。 According to the present invention, transparency, workability, flexibility, weather resistance, cross-linking characteristics, etc. are substantially higher than those of a conventionally used sheet for encapsulating solar cells made of an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer. Thus, a sheet for sealing material with improved insulation can be provided, and the performance of a solar cell module using the same can be stabilized.
本発明の太陽電池封止材用シートにおいては、酢酸ビニル含有量が１５〜４０重量％、好ましくは１８〜３５重量％のエチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体を主成分とする本体層と、太陽電池素子と直接接触する層としての（メタ）アクリル酸エステル含有量が１５〜３５重量％、好ましくは１８〜３０重量％のエチレン・（メタ）アクリル酸エステル共重合体を主成分とする封止層の２層構成となっており、全体の厚みは０．２〜１．２ｍｍの範囲にある。エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体本体層には少量であればエチレン・（メタ）アクリル酸エステル共重合体が含まれていてもよい。エチレン・（メタ）アクリル酸エステル共重合体の封止層においても少量であればエチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体が含有されていてもよい。上記エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体及びエチレン・（メタ）アクリル酸エステル共重合体の１９０℃、２１６０ｇ荷重におけるメルトフローレート（ＪＩＳ Ｋ７２１０−１９９９、以下同じ）は、加工性及び強度の点から０．５〜１５０ｇ／１０分の範囲にあることが好ましい。 In the solar cell encapsulant sheet of the present invention, a main body layer mainly composed of an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer having a vinyl acetate content of 15 to 40% by weight, preferably 18 to 35% by weight, and a solar cell Sealing layer mainly comprising an ethylene / (meth) acrylate copolymer having a (meth) acrylate content of 15 to 35% by weight, preferably 18 to 30% by weight, as a layer in direct contact with the device The total thickness is in the range of 0.2 to 1.2 mm. The ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer main body layer may contain an ethylene / (meth) acrylate copolymer as long as the amount is small. The ethylene / (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer sealing layer may contain an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer as long as the amount is small. The melt flow rate (JIS K7210-1999, hereinafter the same) of the above ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer and ethylene / (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer at 190 ° C. under a load of 2160 g is 0.00 from the viewpoint of workability and strength. It is preferably in the range of 5 to 150 g / 10 minutes.
ここでエチレン・（メタ）アクリル酸エステル共重合体における（メタ）アクリル酸エステルとは、アクリル酸エステル又はメタクリル酸エステルを意味し、通常はアクリル酸又はメタクリル酸の炭素数１〜１０のアルキルエステル、とくに炭素数２〜８のアルキルエステルが好ましい。具体的には、アクリル酸メチル、アクリル酸エチル、アクリル酸イソブチル、アクリル酸ｎ−ブチル、アクリル酸２−エチルヘキシル、メタクリル酸メチル、メタクリル酸ｎ−ブチルなどを例示することができる。 Here, the (meth) acrylic acid ester in the ethylene / (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer means an acrylic acid ester or a methacrylic acid ester, and usually an alkyl ester having 1 to 10 carbon atoms of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid. In particular, alkyl esters having 2 to 8 carbon atoms are preferred. Specific examples include methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, and n-butyl methacrylate.
上記エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体において、酢酸ビニル含有量が前記範囲を下回るものを使用すると、太陽電池封止材用シートの透明性、柔軟性が低下するので好ましくない。また酢酸ビニル含有量が前記範囲を上回るものを使用すると、太陽電池封止材用シートのべた付きが顕著となり、著しく加工性を損なうので好ましくない。また上記エチレン・（メタ）アクリル酸エステル共重合体において、（メタ）アクリル酸エステルの含有量が前記範囲を下回るものを使用すると、太陽電池封止材用シートの透明性、架橋特性が低下するので好ましくない。また（メタ）アクリル酸エステルの含有量が前記範囲を上回るものを使用すると、太陽電池封止材用シートのべた付きが顕著となるので好ましくない。 In the said ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, when the vinyl acetate content is less than the above range, the transparency and flexibility of the solar cell encapsulant sheet are not preferred. Moreover, when a vinyl acetate content exceeding the said range is used, since the stickiness of the sheet | seat for solar cell sealing materials will become remarkable and workability will be impaired remarkably, it is unpreferable. In addition, in the ethylene / (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer, if the content of the (meth) acrylic acid ester is less than the above range, the transparency and cross-linking properties of the solar cell encapsulant sheet are deteriorated. Therefore, it is not preferable. Moreover, when the (meth) acrylic acid ester content exceeds the above range, the stickiness of the solar cell encapsulant sheet becomes remarkable, such being undesirable.
エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体層とエチレン・（メタ）アクリル酸エステル共重合体層とからなる本発明の太陽電池封止材用シートの厚みは０．２〜１．２ｍｍの範囲が好ましい。すなわちシート厚みが０．２ｍｍを下回ると、衝撃等により太陽電池素子が破損する可能性があり好ましくない。一方その厚みが上記範囲を上回るようになると、シートの透明性が低下し、太陽光の受光量が低下し、出力低下の可能性があるため好ましくない。エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体層とエチレン・（メタ）アクリル酸エステル共重合体層の厚み比率は前者５０〜９０、好ましくは６０〜８０に対し、後者５０〜１０、好ましくは４０〜２０程度とするのがよい。こうした特定の積層比率により絶縁性にすぐれ、しかも透明性、柔軟性、架橋性等に優れた太陽電池封止材用シートを容易に得ることができる。 The thickness of the solar cell encapsulant sheet of the present invention comprising an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer layer and an ethylene / (meth) acrylic ester copolymer layer is preferably in the range of 0.2 to 1.2 mm. That is, when the sheet thickness is less than 0.2 mm, the solar cell element may be damaged due to impact or the like, which is not preferable. On the other hand, when the thickness exceeds the above range, the transparency of the sheet decreases, the amount of received sunlight decreases, and output may decrease, which is not preferable. The thickness ratio of the ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer layer and the ethylene / (meth) acrylate copolymer layer is 50 to 90, preferably 60 to 80 for the former, and 50 to 10 for the latter, preferably about 40 to 20 It is good to do. Such a specific lamination ratio makes it possible to easily obtain a sheet for a solar cell encapsulant that is excellent in insulation and that is excellent in transparency, flexibility, crosslinkability, and the like.
本発明の積層太陽電池封止材用シートにおいては、エチレン・（メタ）アクリル酸エステル共重合体層が太陽電池素子に当接するようにして太陽電池モジュールに組み込まれる。またモジュールに組み込まれた状態においては、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体本体層及びエチレン・（メタ）アクリル酸エステル共重合体封止層ともに架橋されていることが好ましい。これにより透明性を維持しつつ、高温での使用時における溶融流れ防止等の耐熱性を付与することができる。そのためには太陽電池封止材用シートとして、両層に架橋剤あるいは架橋剤と架橋助剤が配合されていることが好ましい。 In the sheet | seat for laminated solar cell sealing materials of this invention, an ethylene (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer layer is integrated in a solar cell module so that it may contact | abut to a solar cell element. Moreover, in the state incorporated in the module, it is preferable that both the ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer main body layer and the ethylene / (meth) acrylate copolymer sealing layer are crosslinked. Thereby, heat resistance, such as prevention of a melt flow at the time of use at high temperature, can be provided, maintaining transparency. For that purpose, it is preferable that a cross-linking agent or a cross-linking agent and a cross-linking aid are blended in both layers as the solar cell encapsulant sheet.
架橋剤としては、分解温度（半減期が１時間である温度）が９０〜１８０℃、とくに１００〜１５０℃の有機過酸化物を用いるのが好ましい。このような有機過酸化物として例えば第３ブチルパーオキシイソプロピルカーボネート、第３ブチルパーオキシアセテート、第３ブチルパーオキシベンゾエート、ジクミルパーオキサイド、２，５−ジメチル−２，５−ビス（第３ブチルパーオキシ）ヘキサン、ジ第３ブチルパーオキサイド、２，５−ジメチル−２，５−ビス（第３ブチルパーオキシ）ヘキシン−３、１，１−ビス（第３ブチルパーオキシ）−３，３，５−トリメチルシクロヘキサン、１，１−ビス（第３ブチルパーオキシ）シクロヘキサン、メチルエチルケトンパーオキサイド、２，５−ジメチルヘキシル−２，５−ビスパーオキシベンゾエート、第３ブチルハイドロパーオキサイド、ｐ−メンタンハイドロパーオキサイド、ベンゾイルパーオキサイド、ｐ−クロルベンゾイルパーオキサイド、第３ブチルパーオキシイソブチレート、ヒドロキシヘプチルパーオキサイド、ジクロヘキサノンパーオキサイドなどが挙げられる。 As the crosslinking agent, it is preferable to use an organic peroxide having a decomposition temperature (temperature at which the half-life is 1 hour) of 90 to 180 ° C., particularly 100 to 150 ° C. Examples of such organic peroxides include tertiary butyl peroxyisopropyl carbonate, tertiary butyl peroxyacetate, tertiary butyl peroxybenzoate, dicumyl peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis (third Butylperoxy) hexane, di-tert-butyl peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis (tert-butylperoxy) hexyne-3, 1,1-bis (tert-butylperoxy) -3, 3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, 1,1-bis (tert-butylperoxy) cyclohexane, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, 2,5-dimethylhexyl-2,5-bisperoxybenzoate, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, p- Menthane hydroperoxide, benzoyl peroxide, p-chlorobenzo Peroxide, tert-butylperoxy isobutyrate, hydroxyheptyl peroxide, and di cyclohexanone peroxide.
架橋剤はエチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体又はエチレン・（メタ）アクリル酸エステル共重合体１００重量部に対し、０．１〜５重量部、とくに０．５〜３重量部の割合で配合するのが効果的である。 The crosslinking agent is blended in an amount of 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, particularly 0.5 to 3 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer or ethylene / (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer. Is effective.
また架橋助剤の具体例としては、ポリアリル化合物やポリ（メタ）アクリロキシ化合物のような多不飽和化合物を例示することができる。より具体的には、トリアリルイソシアヌレート、トリアリルシアヌレート、ジアリルフタレート、ジアリルフマレート、ジアリルマレエートのようなポリアリル化合物、エチレングリコールジアクリレート、エチレングリコールジメタクリレート、トリメチロールプロパントリメタクリレートのようなポリ（メタ）アクリロキシ化合物、ジビニルベンゼンなどを挙げることができる。架橋助剤はエチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体又はエチレン・（メタ）アクリル酸エステル共重合体１００重量部に対し、５重量部以下、とくに０．１〜３重量部の割合で配合するのが効果的である。 Specific examples of the crosslinking aid include polyunsaturated compounds such as polyallyl compounds and poly (meth) acryloxy compounds. More specifically, polyallyl compounds such as triallyl isocyanurate, triallyl cyanurate, diallyl phthalate, diallyl fumarate, diallyl maleate, ethylene glycol diacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, etc. Examples include poly (meth) acryloxy compounds and divinylbenzene. It is effective that the crosslinking aid is blended in an amount of 5 parts by weight or less, particularly 0.1 to 3 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer or ethylene / (meth) acrylic ester copolymer. Is.
本発明の封止材用シートの各層には、必要に応じ、その他種々の添加剤を配合することができる。このような添加剤として具体的には、シランカップリング剤、チタンカップリング剤のような接着付与剤、酸化防止剤、光安定剤、紫外線吸収剤、着色剤、光拡散剤、難燃剤、変色防止剤などを例示することができる。着色剤としては、顔料、無機化合物や染料等が挙げられる。とくに白色の着色剤としては、酸化チタンや酸化亜鉛が挙げられる。これら添加剤を太陽電池素子の受光側の封止材に配合する場合は、その透明性を損なうものは好ましくないが、太陽電池素子の受光側と反対面の封止材に配合する場合にはそのような制約を受けない。 Various other additives can be blended in each layer of the sheet for sealing material of the present invention, if necessary. Specific examples of such additives include adhesion imparting agents such as silane coupling agents and titanium coupling agents, antioxidants, light stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers, colorants, light diffusing agents, flame retardants, and discoloration. An inhibitor etc. can be illustrated. Examples of the colorant include pigments, inorganic compounds and dyes. In particular, examples of white colorants include titanium oxide and zinc oxide. When blending these additives into the sealing material on the light-receiving side of the solar cell element, it is not preferable to impair the transparency, but when blending into the sealing material on the surface opposite to the light-receiving side of the solar cell element Not subject to such restrictions.
接着付与剤は、保護材や太陽電池素子等に対する接着性を向上させるのに有用であり、その例としては、アミノ基又はエポキシ基とともに、アルコキシ基のような加水分解可能な基を有するシランカップリング剤やチタンカップリング剤などを挙げることができる。シランカップリング剤として具体的には、Ｎ−（β−アミノエチル）−γ−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、Ｎ−（β−アミノエチル）−γ−アミノプロピルメチルジメトキシシラン、γ−アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、γ−グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ−メタクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシランなどを例示することができる。これら接着付与剤は、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体又はエチレン・（メタ）アクリル酸エステル共重合体１００重量部に対し、５重量部以下、とくに０．０２〜３重量部の割合で配合するのが効果的である。 The adhesion-imparting agent is useful for improving adhesion to a protective material, a solar cell element, and the like. Examples thereof include a silane cup having an amino group or an epoxy group and a hydrolyzable group such as an alkoxy group. Examples thereof include a ring agent and a titanium coupling agent. Specific examples of the silane coupling agent include N- (β-aminoethyl) -γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N- (β-aminoethyl) -γ-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, and γ-aminopropyltriethoxy. Examples include silane, γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and the like. These adhesion-imparting agents are blended in an amount of 5 parts by weight or less, particularly 0.02 to 3 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer or ethylene / (meth) acrylate copolymer. Is effective.
また太陽光線中の紫外線に基づく封止材用シートの劣化を防ぐために、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体層及びエチレン・（メタ）アクリル酸エステル共重合体層のそれぞれに酸化防止剤、光安定剤、紫外線吸収剤の少なくとも一種を配合するのが効果的である。酸化防止剤として各種ヒンダードフェノール系やホスファイト系のものを使用することができる。また光安定剤としては、ヒンダードアミン系のものが好適に使用することができる。また紫外線吸収剤としては例えば２−ヒドロキシ−４−メトキシベンゾフエノン、２，２′−ジヒドロキシ−４−メトキシベンゾフエノン、２−ヒドロキシ−４−メトキシ−２−カルボキシベンゾフエノン、２−ヒドロキシ−４−ｎ−オクトキシベンゾフエノンなどのベンゾフエノン系、２−（２′−ヒドロキシ−３′，５′−ジ第３ブチルフエニル）ベンゾトリアゾール、２−（２′−ヒドロキシ−５−メチルフエニル）ベンゾトリアゾール、２−（２′−ヒドロキシ−５−第３オクチルフエニル）ベンゾトリアゾールなどのベンゾトリアゾール系、フエニルサリチレート、ｐ−オクチルフエニルサリチレートなどのサリチル酸エステル系のものが使用できる。これら、酸化防止剤、光安定剤及び紫外線吸収剤は、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体又はエチレン・（メタ）アクリル酸エステル共重合体の合計１００重量部に対し、それぞれ５重量部以下、とくに０．１〜３重量部の割合で配合するのが効果的である。 In addition, in order to prevent deterioration of the sheet for encapsulant based on ultraviolet rays in sunlight, an antioxidant and a light stabilizer are added to each of the ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer layer and the ethylene / (meth) acrylate copolymer layer. It is effective to blend at least one ultraviolet absorber. Various hindered phenols and phosphites can be used as the antioxidant. Moreover, as a light stabilizer, a hindered amine type thing can be used conveniently. Examples of the ultraviolet absorber include 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-2-carboxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy. Benzophenones such as -4-n-octoxybenzophenone, 2- (2'-hydroxy-3 ', 5'-ditert-butylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) benzo Salicylic acid esters such as triazole, benzotriazole such as 2- (2′-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl) benzotriazole, phenyl salicylate, p-octylphenyl salicylate, and the like can be used. . These antioxidants, light stabilizers and ultraviolet absorbers are each 5 parts by weight or less, particularly 0 parts per 100 parts by weight in total of ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer or ethylene / (meth) acrylate copolymer. It is effective to mix in the proportion of 1-3 parts by weight.
本発明の太陽電池封止材用シートの成形は、多層Ｔ−ダイ押出機、カレンダー成形機、多層インフレーション成形機などを使用する公知の方法によって行なうことができる。例えばエチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体及びエチレン・（メタ）アクリル酸エステル共重合体のそれぞれに、有機過酸化物および必要に応じて添加される架橋助剤、接着付与剤、酸化防止剤、光安定剤、紫外線吸収剤等の添加剤を予めドライブレンドして多層Ｔ−ダイ押出機の主押出機及び従押出機それぞれのホッパーから供給し、有機過酸化物が実質的に分解しない成形温度でシート状に二層押出成形することによって得ることができる。またこのような積層シートを予め作成せずに、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体に有機過酸化物および必要に応じて添加される他の添加剤からなるシートとエチレン・（メタ）アクリル酸エステル共重合体に有機過酸化物および必要に応じて添加される他の添加剤からなるシートを作成しておき、太陽電池モジュールの作成時に保護材と太陽電池素子の間にエチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体のシート、エチレン・（メタ）アクリル酸エステル共重合体のシートを重ね合わせて、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体のシート／エチレン・（メタ）アクリル酸エステル共重合体のシート／太陽電池素子からなる封止構造を形成することもできる。 The sheet | seat for solar cell sealing materials of this invention can be shape | molded by the well-known method using a multilayer T-die extruder, a calendar molding machine, a multilayer inflation molding machine, etc. For example, each of ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer and ethylene / (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer is added with organic peroxide and crosslinking agent, adhesion promoter, antioxidant, light stability Additives such as additives and UV absorbers are dry-blended in advance and supplied from the hoppers of the main and secondary extruders of the multilayer T-die extruder, and the sheet is formed at a molding temperature at which the organic peroxide is not substantially decomposed. Can be obtained by two-layer extrusion molding. In addition, without preparing such a laminated sheet in advance, a sheet made of an organic peroxide and other additives added to the ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer and an ethylene / (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer as needed. A sheet made of an organic peroxide and other additives added to the polymer is prepared, and an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer is formed between the protective material and the solar cell element when the solar cell module is prepared. And an ethylene / (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer sheet, and an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer sheet / ethylene / (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer sheet / solar cell element. A sealing structure can also be formed.
本発明の封止材用シートを用い、太陽電池素子を上下の保護材で固定することにより太陽電池モジュールを製作することができる。このような太陽電池モジュールとしては、種々のタイプのものを例示することができる。例えば上部透明保護材／封止材用シート／太陽電池素子／封止材用シート／下部保護材のように太陽電池素子の両側から封止材で挟む構成のもの、下部基板保護材の内周面上に形成させた太陽電池素子上に封止材用シートと上部透明保護材を形成させるような構成のもの、上部透明保護材の内周面上に形成させた太陽電池素子、例えばフッ素樹脂系シート上にアモルファス太陽電池素子をスパッタリング等で作成したものの上に封止材用シートと下部保護材を形成させるような構成のものなどを挙げることができる。このような構成の太陽電池モジュールにおいて、本発明の封止材用シートのエチレン・（メタ）アクリル酸エステルを主成分とする封止層が太陽電池素子と当接するように積層されている。 A solar cell module can be produced by fixing the solar cell element with upper and lower protective materials using the sheet for sealing material of the present invention. Examples of such solar cell modules include various types. For example, an upper transparent protective material / encapsulant sheet / solar cell element / encapsulant sheet / lower protective material sandwiched between both sides of the solar cell element, the inner circumference of the lower substrate protective material A solar cell element formed on the inner surface of the upper transparent protective material, for example, a fluororesin, having a structure for forming a sealing material sheet and an upper transparent protective material on the solar cell element formed on the surface The thing of the structure which forms the sheet | seat for sealing materials and the lower protective material on what produced the amorphous solar cell element on the system sheet | seat by sputtering etc. can be mentioned. In the solar cell module having such a configuration, the encapsulating layer mainly composed of ethylene / (meth) acrylic acid ester of the encapsulating material sheet of the present invention is laminated so as to contact the solar cell element.
太陽電池素子としては、単結晶シリコン、多結晶シリコン、アモルファスシリコンなどのシリコン系、ガリウムー砒素、銅ーインジウムーセレン、カドミウムーテルルなどのIIIーＶ族やIIーVI族化合物半導体系等の各種太陽電池素子を用いることができる。本発明の封止材用シートはとくにアモルファスシリコン太陽電池素子の封止に有用である。 Solar cell elements include single-crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, and other silicon systems, and gallium-arsenic, copper-indium-selenium, cadmium-tellurium, and other III-V group and II-VI group compound semiconductor systems. Various solar cell elements can be used. The sheet | seat for sealing materials of this invention is especially useful for sealing of an amorphous silicon solar cell element.
太陽電池モジュールを構成する上部保護材としては、ガラス、アクリル樹脂、ポリカーボネート、ポリエステル、フッ素含有樹脂などを例示することができる。また下部保護材としては、金属や各種熱可塑性樹脂フイルムなどの単体もしくは多層のシートであり、例えば、錫、アルミ、ステンレススチールなどの金属、ガラス等の無機材料、ポリエステル、無機物蒸着ポリエステル、フッ素含有樹脂、ポリオレフィンなどの１層もしくは多層のシートを例示することができる。本発明の封止材用シートは、これらの上部又は下部保護材に対して良好な接着性を示す。 Examples of the upper protective material constituting the solar cell module include glass, acrylic resin, polycarbonate, polyester, and fluorine-containing resin. The lower protective material is a single or multi-layer sheet of metal or various thermoplastic resin films, for example, metals such as tin, aluminum, stainless steel, inorganic materials such as glass, polyester, inorganic vapor-deposited polyester, fluorine-containing A single layer or multilayer sheet of resin, polyolefin, etc. can be exemplified. The sheet | seat for sealing materials of this invention shows favorable adhesiveness with respect to these upper or lower protective materials.
太陽電池モジュールの製造は、架橋剤が実質的に分解せず、かつ本発明の封止材用シートが溶融するような温度で、太陽電池素子や保護材に該封止材用シートを仮接着し、次いで昇温して充分な接着と架橋を行なえばよい。最終的には耐熱性良好な太陽電池モジュールを得るために、封止材用シート層におけるエチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体を主成分とする本体層（Ａ）及びエチレン・（メタ）アクリル酸エステル共重合体を主成分とする封止層（Ｂ）の両層のゲル分率（試料１ｇをキシレン１００ｍｌに浸漬し、１１０℃、２４時間加熱した後、２０メッシュ金網で濾過し未溶融分の質量分率を測定）が７０〜９８％、好ましくは８０〜９５％程度になるように架橋するのがよい。したがってこれら諸条件を満足できるように両層の添加剤処方を選べばよく、例えば架橋剤等の種類及び配合量を適宜選択すればよい。 The solar cell module is manufactured by temporarily adhering the sealing material sheet to the solar cell element or the protective material at a temperature at which the crosslinking agent does not substantially decompose and the sealing material sheet of the present invention melts. Then, the temperature may be raised and sufficient adhesion and crosslinking may be performed. Finally, in order to obtain a solar cell module with good heat resistance, the main body layer (A) and the ethylene / (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer containing the ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer as the main component in the encapsulant sheet layer. Gel fraction of both layers of the sealing layer (B) containing the polymer as a main component (1 g of sample was immersed in 100 ml of xylene, heated at 110 ° C. for 24 hours, filtered through a 20 mesh wire mesh, and the unmelted mass. Crosslinking is preferably performed so that the fraction is 70 to 98%, preferably about 80 to 95%. Therefore, the additive formulation of both layers may be selected so that these various conditions can be satisfied. For example, the type and blending amount of the crosslinking agent and the like may be selected as appropriate.
以下、実施例により本発明をさらに詳細に説明する。尚、実施例で用いた原料を表１に示す。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. The raw materials used in the examples are shown in Table 1.
［実施例１］
表１に示すＥＶＡ−１の１００重量部に対し、架橋剤（商品名：ルパゾール１０１、アトフィナ吉富（株）製）１．５重量部及びシランカップリング剤（商品名：ＫＢＭ５０３、信越化学（株）製）０．５重量部を配合した（ＥＶＡ配合物１）。ＥＥＡ−１の１００重量部には架橋剤を２．５重量部とし、トリアリルイソシアヌレート（ＴＡＩＣ）２重量部を追加する以外は、ＥＶＡ−１と同じ添加剤を同量配合した（ＥＥＡ配合物１）。０．４ｍｍ厚みのＥＶＡ配合物１からなる本体層と０．２ｍｍ厚みとなるＥＥＡ配合物１の層からなる層厚み０．６ｍｍの２層シートを、多層Ｔ−ダイ成形機を用いて、樹脂温度１２０℃にて作成した。この二層押出シートを用いて、下記（１）〜（３）の方法により、架橋特性、吸湿性、絶縁抵抗を評価した。
[Example 1]
For 100 parts by weight of EVA-1 shown in Table 1, 1.5 parts by weight of a crosslinking agent (trade name: Lupazole 101, manufactured by Atofina Yoshitomi Co., Ltd.) and a silane coupling agent (trade names: KBM503, Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) )) 0.5 part by weight was blended (EVA blend 1). 100 parts by weight of EEA-1 was mixed with 2.5 parts by weight of the cross-linking agent, and the same amount of the same additive as EVA-1 was added except that 2 parts by weight of triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC) was added (EEA formulation) Thing 1). Using a multilayer T-die molding machine, a resin is prepared by using a multilayer T-die molding machine to form a double layer sheet having a layer thickness of 0.6 mm consisting of a main body layer made of 0.4 mm thick EVA compound 1 and a layer of EEA compound 1 having a thickness of 0.2 mm. It was created at a temperature of 120 ° C. Using this two-layer extruded sheet, the crosslinking properties, hygroscopicity, and insulation resistance were evaluated by the following methods (1) to (3).
（１）架橋特性（ゲル分率）
多層Ｔ−ダイ成形機を用いて作成した二層シートを、１５０℃の圧縮成形機を用いて２０分間加圧下で加熱することにより架橋シートを作成した。この架橋シート１ｇを１００ｍｌのキシレンに浸漬し、１１０℃、２４時間加熱した後、金網で濾過して不溶解分を捕集し、乾燥後秤量することによってゲル分率を求めて架橋特性を評価した。その結果を表２に示す。
(1) Cross-linking properties (gel fraction)
A crosslinked sheet was prepared by heating a two-layer sheet prepared using a multilayer T-die molding machine under pressure using a compression molding machine at 150 ° C. for 20 minutes. 1 g of this cross-linked sheet is immersed in 100 ml of xylene, heated at 110 ° C. for 24 hours, filtered through a wire mesh to collect the insoluble matter, and dried and weighed to determine the gel fraction and evaluate the cross-linking properties. did. The results are shown in Table 2.
（２）吸湿量
前記（１）の手段により作成した架橋シートを、８５℃、８５％ＲＨの条件に放置し、１週間後の吸湿量を、水分計（カールフィッシャー法：KYOTO ELECTRONIC（株）製）で測定した。
評価結果を、表２に示す。
(2) Moisture absorption The cross-linked sheet prepared by the means of (1) above is left under the conditions of 85 ° C. and 85% RH, and the moisture absorption after one week is measured with a moisture meter (Karl Fischer method: KYOTO ELECTRONIC Co., Ltd.). Manufactured).
The evaluation results are shown in Table 2.
（３）絶縁抵抗値
前記（１）の手段により作成した架橋シートを、８５℃、８５％ＲＨの条件に放置し、初期値及び１週間後の絶縁抵抗を、体積抵抗率測定機（Aligent Technologies社製）を用いて、１０００Ｖ、加電時間６０秒の条件で測定した。この結果を表２に示す。
(3) Insulation resistance value The cross-linked sheet prepared by means of (1) above is left under the conditions of 85 ° C. and 85% RH, and the initial value and the insulation resistance after one week are determined by a volume resistivity measuring machine (Aligent Technologies The measurement was performed under the conditions of 1000 V and a charging time of 60 seconds. The results are shown in Table 2.
［実施例２］
実施例１において、ＥＥＡ−１の代わりにＥＥＡ−２を用いた以外は実施例１と全く同様にしてゲル分率、吸湿量及び絶縁抵抗値の評価を行なった。これらの結果を表２に示す。
[Example 2]
In Example 1, the gel fraction, moisture absorption, and insulation resistance value were evaluated in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 except that EEA-2 was used instead of EEA-1. These results are shown in Table 2.
Claims (3)
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| US20060165929A1 (en) | 2004-12-07 | 2006-07-27 | Lenges Geraldine M | Multilayer composite films and articles prepared therefrom |
| JP4560001B2 (en) * | 2006-04-05 | 2010-10-13 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | Solar cell sealing film and solar cell using the sealing film |
| JP4605527B2 (en) * | 2006-05-09 | 2011-01-05 | 積水フイルム株式会社 | Adhesive sheet for solar cell |
| JP4605528B2 (en) * | 2006-05-17 | 2011-01-05 | 積水フイルム株式会社 | Manufacturing method of adhesive sheet for solar cell |
| JP5367230B2 (en) * | 2007-03-20 | 2013-12-11 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Solar cell module |
| JP5041888B2 (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2012-10-03 | 三井・デュポンポリケミカル株式会社 | Sheet for solar cell encapsulant |
| US8080727B2 (en) | 2008-11-24 | 2011-12-20 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Solar cell modules comprising an encapsulant sheet of a blend of ethylene copolymers |
| JP2010275415A (en) * | 2009-05-28 | 2010-12-09 | Tosoh Corp | Polyolefin resin composition film, sealing film for solar cell using the same, and solar cell using the same |
| JP5330178B2 (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2013-10-30 | 旭化成イーマテリアルズ株式会社 | Resin sealing sheet and solar cell module using the same |
| JPWO2014049778A1 (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2016-08-22 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | Solar cell module filler sheet, solar cell encapsulating sheet, and method for manufacturing solar cell module |
| JP6542782B2 (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2019-07-10 | 三井・ダウポリケミカル株式会社 | Sealing material for solar cell and solar cell module |
-
2004
- 2004-10-04 JP JP2004291667A patent/JP4463064B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP2005129925A (en) | 2005-05-19 |
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