JP4457317B2 - Unit-type metal basement - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention uses a steel frame such as a shape steel as a core material, and arranges the plurality of core material steel frames in parallel at a predetermined interval on the same surface, and a metal outer plate such as a steel plate on the outside of the plurality of core material steel frames The ceiling structure, wall structure, and floor structure are fixed at the factory manufacturing stage, that is, they are assembled and fixed before shipment to the basement construction site, so that they have a ramen structure in the beam-to-beam direction and an earthquake-resistant panel in the direction of the beam A unit type that can reduce the construction period and reduce the construction cost by constructing a metal unit structure with a structure, carrying this metal unit case to the construction site, and installing and fixing it on the concrete foundation at the bottom of the excavation hole It relates to metal basements.

  As a unit-type metal basement of this type, conventionally, the above-described ceiling structure, wall structure, and floor structure are assembled and fixed to form a single metal unit housing having a □ -type vertical cross section. It is known to construct a metal basement with a predetermined height and a predetermined volume by carrying a surface shape □ -type single metal unit housing to a construction site and installing and fixing it on a concrete foundation ( For example, see Patent Document 1).

  In addition, in the case of the metal basement of Patent Document 1 described above, if the ceiling height is increased in order to improve the comfortability, the height of the single metal unit housing itself of the vertical cross-sectional shape □ type becomes very large. Depending on the transportation route to the site, it may not be possible to carry in due to the problem of the restricted height for road transportation (generally about 3800mm from the top of the vehicle), and even if it can be carried in, a very large transport vehicle is required. In addition, it is necessary to use a large crane for unloading and construction on the construction site, and it may interfere with obstacles around the construction site during unloading and construction. In order to solve such difficulties, a vertical unit □ -type metal unit housing is installed in the height direction. In the middle Divided into two parts, divided into two upper and lower metal unit housings, and these two metal unit housings divided into upper and lower parts and halved in height are individually carried to the construction site. The present applicant has already proposed that a base unit made of a metal unit housing having a vertical cross section shape □ type is formed by fixing and joining unit housings integrally to each other (for example, Patent Document 2). reference).

  Japanese Patent No. 3149019   JP 2003-313848 A

  However, the conventional metal basement shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2 described above has a ceiling, wall, and floor structure in which the entire circumference of the completed basement is a vertical unit □ type metal unit housing Because it is surrounded by the body, even if it is large in volume, there is a feeling of pressure in the visual direction in the horizontal direction, and it is even stronger when a TV stand is placed on the inner floor part or a storage part is secured There is a feeling of pressure and it is easy to lose comfort. In addition, in the case of unit type basements, when the groundwater level rises, it is necessary to sufficiently resist the buoyancy and prevent it from rising. □ A concrete wall for the counterweight that was sufficient to counteract buoyancy while also ensuring rust prevention and corrosion resistance of the metal unit housing was formed on the entire outer periphery of the metal unit housing of the type □. A concrete wall having a large thickness must be formed for the internal volume of the basement, and there is a problem that the cost required for the formation of the concrete wall, that is, for prevention of lifting is increased.

  Furthermore, the conventional vertical section □ -type metal unit housing has a center of gravity at a relatively high position in the middle or almost in the middle of the basement, so that the basement is positioned directly below the upper building. When an earthquake or the like occurred in the built state, there was a problem that the shaking of the upper building itself would increase even if the basement itself could secure the earthquake resistance.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and there is no feeling of pressure for the internal volume, and a sufficient open feeling can be obtained. The purpose is to provide a unit-type metal basement that can contribute to the improvement of earthquake resistance for buildings.

In order to achieve the above object, the unit-type metal basement according to the present invention has a ceiling structure in which a metal outer plate is fixed to the outside of a plurality of core steel frames arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval on the same surface. Assemble four upper half wall structures consisting of a plurality of core steel frames and metal outer plates located in the middle part of the body and basement in the height direction or almost above the middle part and similar to the ceiling structure. A lower end portion of the upper half wall structure in the upper metal unit housing that is fixed and has a ramen structure in the beam-to-beam direction and an earthquake-resistant panel structure in the cross-beam direction, and a plurality of same as the ceiling structure A floor structure composed of a core steel frame and a metal outer plate, and a plurality of core steel frames and metal outer plates located in an intermediate portion in the height direction of the basement or substantially below the intermediate portion, similar to the ceiling structure. Assemble and fix four lower half wall structures consisting of The upper half of the lower half wall structure is integrated into the lower metal unit housing, which has a rigid frame structure in the vertical direction and the vertical cross-sectional shape of the earthquake-resistant panel structure is open upward in the crosswise direction. Is a unit-type metal basement constructed to a predetermined height and a predetermined volume by being fixedly joined to each other, and at least one of the four upper half wall structures in the upper metal unit housing is opposed to each other. At the lower end portions of the two upper half wall structures , these upper half wall structures are at least two lower half portions of the four lower half wall structures in the lower metal unit housing that are opposite to each other. Horizontal extension structures that extend horizontally inward so as to be located at an equal distance outward from the wall structure are fixedly connected, and the inner ends of these horizontal extension structures are connected to the inner ends of the horizontal extension structures. Lower metal unit By fixedly joined to the upper end of the lower half wall structure in building frame, space bay window-like in the upper half are the forms, also in the entire outer peripheral portion of the unit type metal basement built in, The reinforcing concrete wall is formed in a state in which the outer peripheral surface is flush or substantially flush.

  According to the present invention having the above-described configuration, the metal unit housing is divided into two or more upper and lower unit housings by being divided at an intermediate portion or almost an intermediate portion in the height direction. Similarly, the height of the ceiling of the completed basement is set so as to improve comfortability, but the height of the two upper and lower unit housings itself is small, so there are restrictions on road transportation in the transportation route to the construction site. Even if the height is present, there is no problem, and it can be carried in using a small transport vehicle, and unloading and building work at the construction site can also be carried out using a small crane, etc. A series of on-site work can be performed easily and safely without interfering with obstacles existing around the site or swinging under the influence of wind.

  In addition, the upper and lower ends of the wall structure of the lower metal unit housing and the upper metal unit housing are fixed and joined together to form a predetermined height and volume. A bay window-like space that bulges outward is formed above the middle part or almost the middle part in the vertical direction, and due to the presence of this space part, a sense of spaciousness for the occupant relative to the internal volume, A feeling of opening can be given. Further, the bay window-like space formed above the intermediate portion of the wall structure can be used for various purposes, for example, for a TV stand, a storage unit for various articles, a bookshelf, and the like. In addition, since the upper metal unit housing has a structure in which at least two upper half wall structures positioned opposite to each other in the housing are bulged outwardly, it is formed on the entire outer periphery of the unit-type metal basement. The amount of concrete material used is less than that of conventional counterweights enough to resist buoyancy due to the rise in groundwater level, simply by forming a reinforcing concrete wall with the outer peripheral surface being flush or nearly flush. This can reduce the cost required to prevent the basement from rising.

  Furthermore, because of the difference in the structural form of the upper and lower two metal unit housings, the center of gravity of the entire housing can be moved downward from the middle part of the basement in the height direction to form a basement with a low center of gravity. When an earthquake or the like occurs in a state that is constructed immediately below the upper building, the basement itself has the effect of suppressing the shaking of the upper building itself and improving the earthquake resistance.

  In particular, in the unit-type metal basement according to the present invention, as described in claim 2, the lower metal unit housing is fixedly joined to the concrete foundation via a hole-in anchor at the lower end thereof, It is possible to further improve the earthquake resistance by lowering the position of the center of gravity.

Further, in the unit type metal basement according to the present invention, as defined in claim 3, the unit type metal basement is formed between the metal outer plate and the interior material of the lower half wall structure in the lower metal unit housing. An air supply grill is provided for blowing the outside air supplied by the air supply fan through the space to the vicinity of the bottom of the basement, and indoor air blown from the air supply grill and rising in the basement is made of the upper metal. An exhaust grille is provided to be taken into a space formed between the metal outer plate of the ceiling structure body and the interior material in the unit housing, and the air in the basement taken into the space through the exhaust grille is exhausted by an exhaust fan and an exhaust duct. It is desirable that a forced air supply / exhaust means for discharging to the outside is provided .
By providing such forced air supply / exhaust means, it is possible to reduce the humidity by ventilating the outside air through the space formed inside the wall structure, and the outside air is blown out from near the bottom of the basement without short circuiting. This makes it possible to obtain a good and unparalleled ventilation effect such that the air is exhausted outside through the space inside the ceiling structure, and the comfortability in the basement can be made comfortable.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal front view of a unit-type metal basement according to the present invention in a completed state, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal side view taken along line XX of FIG. This unit-type metal basement A is constructed by assembling and fixing four upper half wall structures 2U located above a substantially intermediate part in the height direction of the ceiling structure 1 and the basement A at the factory manufacturing stage. The upper metal unit housing 3 is configured in the shape of a ramen structure in the direction and as a seismic panel structure in the transverse direction and is opened downward in a substantially U-shape, and substantially in the middle in the height direction of the floor structure 4 and the basement A The lower half wall structure 2D located below the lower part is assembled and fixed at the factory manufacturing stage, and is composed of a ramen structure in the beam-to-beam direction, and a generally U-shaped structure that opens upward as a seismic panel structure in the beam direction. The lower metal unit housing 5 is formed.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the upper metal unit housing 3 has four upper half wall structures 2 </ b> U formed by four lower metal unit housings 5 in the lower metal unit housing 5 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. It is arranged at a position that bulges outward from the half wall structure 2D by an equal distance l, and accordingly, the dimensions La1 and Lb1 of the two right-angled sides of the ceiling structure 1 in the upper metal unit housing 3 are lower. The metal unit housing 5 is larger than the dimensions La4 and Lb4 of the right-angled two sides of the floor structure 4 by a dimension corresponding to the bulging distance l, that is, La1 = La4 + 1 and Lb1 = Lb4 + 1. .

  A part of the ceiling structure 1 in the upper metal unit housing 3 is provided with an entrance 6 into the basement A, and at the lower ends of the four upper half wall structures 2U, The horizontal extension structure 7 that extends horizontally inward with a length corresponding to the bulging distance l is fixedly connected, and the upper and lower metal unit housings 3 and 5 are connected to the construction site by a truck or the like. The lower metal unit housing 5 is installed on a concrete foundation 9 formed on a chestnut stone 8 spread on the bottom of the excavation hole, and the lower end thereof is inserted through the hole-in anchor 10 with the hole in anchor 10. In addition to being fixed to the concrete base 9, the upper metal unit housing 3 is stacked on the lower metal unit housing 5, and the horizontal extension structure in the upper metal unit housing 3 is stacked. The inner end of the body 7 is fixedly joined to the upper ends of the four lower half wall structures 2D in the lower metal unit housing 5, thereby providing a ramen structure in the inter-beam direction and an earthquake resistance in the direction of the beam. It is a panel structure, and is made of a unit type metal having a predetermined height in which a bay window-like space portion a bulging outward is formed on the entire circumference of the upper half, specifically, a total height H of 2800 mm and a predetermined volume. Basement A is built by site construction.

  And in the state where the outer peripheral surfaces of each side are flush with the cast-in-place concrete on the entire outer periphery of the upper and lower metal unit housings 3 and 5 of the unit-type metal basement A constructed as described above. In other words, a reinforcing concrete wall 11 containing unreinforced or reinforcing bars is formed so as to be continuous with the concrete foundation 9 in a state where the lower metal unit housing 5 side is thick, and this reinforcing concrete wall 11 The rust-proofing and anti-corrosion treatment is performed on the underground buried portions of the metal unit housings 3 and 5, and a thick wall covering the outer periphery of the lower metal unit housing 5 in the reinforcing concrete wall 11. The concrete wall portion 11a prevents the basement A from being lifted sufficiently against the buoyancy associated with the rise of the groundwater level up to about 1500mm from the ground surface. It is configured to centers weight. In addition, a concrete 12 serving as a part of a counterweight for preventing floating is placed simultaneously with the reinforcing concrete wall 11 between the core steel frames described later of the floor structure 4 in the lower metal unit housing 5. Yes.

  The ceiling structure 1, the upper half wall structure 2U and the horizontal extension structure 7 in the upper metal unit housing 3, and the lower half wall structure 2D in the lower metal unit housing 5 are shown in FIG. As shown in the cross section of the main part, a metal outer plate 14 such as a steel plate is provided on each outer flange portion 13a of a plurality of core steel frames 13 such as channels and H-shaped steels arranged in parallel on the same surface at a predetermined interval. And fixing an interior plate 16 such as a ceiling material, a wall material, a shelf material or the like to each inner flange portion 13b of the plurality of core steel frames 13 via a wooden base 15, A heat insulating layer 17 is formed by in-situ blowing of a foamable resin material such as urethane foam on a portion surrounding the core steel frame 13 in the space B between the plate 16 and the metal outer plate 14 and on the inner surface of the metal outer plate 14. Yes.

  Further, the floor structure 4 in the lower metal unit housing 5 is formed on the outside of a plurality of core steel frames 13 such as channels and H-shaped steels arranged in parallel on the same surface at a predetermined interval, as shown in FIG. The metal outer plate 14 such as a steel plate is fixed to the flange portion 13a, and the horizontal level can be adjusted via level adjusters (not shown) distributed on the surface of the concrete 12. A flooring material 19 as an interior material such as particle board or plywood is laid and fixed.

  Further, as shown in phantom lines in FIG. 1, the lower metal unit housing 5 includes an upper half wall structure 2U, a horizontal extension structure 7 and a lower metal unit housing in the upper metal unit housing 3. 5, the outside air supplied by the supply air counter low fan 20 through the space B formed between the metal outer plate 14 and the interior plate 16 of the lower half wall structure 2D in FIG. An air supply grill 21 that blows out near the surface of the material 19 is attached to the upper metal unit housing 3, and indoor air blown out from the air supply grill 21 and rising in the basement A is sent to the ceiling structure 1. An exhaust grille 24 that is discharged to the outside by an exhaust counter low fan 22 and an exhaust duct 23 is attached through a space B formed between the metal outer plate 14 and the interior plate 16. As a result, the outside air is ventilated into the space B inside the wall structures 2U and 2D to reduce the humidity, and the outside air is blown out from the vicinity of the bottom in the basement A without causing a short circuit, and the ceiling structure. It is configured so as to obtain a forced ventilation action such as discharging to the outside through the space B inside the body 1.

  The unit-type metal basement A constructed and constructed as described above is divided into two upper and lower unit housings 3 and 5 at an intermediate portion or almost an intermediate portion in the height direction at the stage of factory manufacture. Therefore, even if the ceiling height of the completed basement A is set so as to improve the habitability, the height of the upper and lower unit housings 3 and 5 itself is small, so the road can be transported during the transportation route to the construction site. Regardless of the height limit, it can be easily carried into the site using a small transport vehicle, and unloading and construction work at the construction site can also be performed around the construction site using a small crane, etc. A series of on-site work can be easily and safely performed without interfering with obstacles to be shaken or being shaken by the influence of wind.

  Further, the inner end portion of the horizontal extension structure 7 connected to the upper end portion of the lower half wall structure 2D in the lower metal unit housing 5 and the lower end portion of the upper half wall structure 2U in the upper metal unit housing 3. Can be formed in the basement A in the middle of the basement A in the height direction or substantially above the middle part to form a bay-like space portion a bulging outward. The presence of the space a can give the occupant a sense of spaciousness and openness relative to the internal volume, and the bay window-shaped space a can be used, for example, as a television stand or a storage unit for various articles, It can be used for multiple purposes as a bookshelf.

  Further, since the upper metal unit housing 3 has a structure in which the four upper half wall structures 2U in the housing 3 are bulged outwardly, The thick concrete wall portion 11a formed on the outer periphery of the metal unit housing 5 at the lower part of the lower metal unit housing 5 is formed only by forming the reinforcing concrete wall 11 with the outer peripheral surface being flush or substantially flush. Works as a counterweight sufficient to counter the buoyancy caused by the rise in the groundwater level, and can reduce the cost required to prevent the basement A from rising by using less concrete material than in the past.

  Furthermore, the center of gravity of the entire housing can be moved downward from the middle part in the height direction of the basement A to lower the center of gravity by the difference in the structural form of the upper and lower metal unit housings 3 and 5. Therefore, when an earthquake or the like occurs in a state where the basement is constructed immediately below the upper building, not only the basement itself but also the shaking of the upper building itself can be suppressed to contribute to the improvement of the earthquake resistance.

  Furthermore, by providing forced air supply / exhaust means that can provide the forced ventilation action as described above, the humidity can be reduced, and the outside air can be blown out from the vicinity of the bottom of the basement without causing a short circuit to rise inside the ceiling structure. A good and unparalleled ventilation effect of exhausting to the outside through the space can be obtained, and comfort in the basement can be made comfortable.

  In the above-described embodiment, all of the four upper half wall structures 2U in the upper metal unit housing 3 are arranged outward from the four upper half wall structures 2D in the lower metal unit housing 5 respectively. In the above description, the bay window-shaped space portion a is formed around the entire interior of the basement A by being swelled by an equal distance l. However, as shown in FIG. Only the part wall structure 2U may be disposed at a position bulging outward and the bay window-shaped space part a may be formed only on one opposite side of the basement A.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the four upper half wall structures 2U in the upper metallic unit housing 3 are configured to be taller than the ones shown in the above embodiment, The extended upper half wall structure portion 2u may be embedded so as to protrude from the ground surface GL, and the window 24 may be formed in the protruding extended upper half wall structure portion 2u.

  In this case, since the window 24 is formed in the bay window-shaped space portion a, the window 24 can be used as an emergency exit, and normally, lighting and ventilation can be secured, and the comfortability is further enhanced. Can do.

In the above embodiment, the two upper and lower metal unit housings 3 and 5 have been described as being integrated in both the beam-to-beam direction and the cross-row direction. 6 may be divided into two by a line indicated by a one-dot chain line yy in FIG. 6, and assembled and fixed in a substantially U-shaped longitudinal section at the construction site. In this case, transportation and unloading at the site can be performed more easily.

It is a vertical front view which shows embodiment of the unit type metal basement which concerns on this invention in the completion state. It is a vertical side view in the XX line of FIG. It is a bottom view of an upper metal unit housing. It is a top view of the upper metal unit housing. It is a bottom view of the lower metal unit housing. It is a top view of the lower metal unit housing. It is an expanded vertical sectional view of the principal part which shows the structure of the ceiling and wall structure in a metal unit housing of an upper part and a lower part. It is a bottom view of the upper metal unit housing | casing which shows other embodiment of the unit type metal basement which concerns on this invention. It is a vertical front view which shows another embodiment of the unit type metal basement which concerns on this invention in the completion state.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ceiling structure 2U Upper half wall structure 2D Lower half wall structure 3 Upper metal unit housing 4 Floor structure 5 Lower metal unit housing 9 Concrete foundation 10 Hole-in anchor 11 Reinforcement concrete wall 13 Core steel frame 14 Metal outer plate 16 Interior plate (interior material)
20 Air supply fan
21 Air supply grill
22 Exhaust fan
23 Exhaust duct
24 Exhaust Grill A Unit Type Metal Basement B Space
a Bay window space

Claims (3)

A ceiling structure in which a metal outer plate is fixed to the outside of a plurality of core steel frames arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval on the same surface, and an intermediate portion in the height direction of the basement or a portion above the substantially intermediate portion As in the ceiling structure, four upper half wall structures composed of a plurality of core steel frames and metal outer plates are assembled and fixed to form a ramen structure in the beam-to-beam direction and an anti-seismic panel structure in the beam direction The lower end of the upper half wall structure in the upper metal unit housing constructed in the same manner as above, the floor structure and the basement height consisting of a plurality of core steel frames and metal outer plates as in the ceiling structure Four lower half wall structures made of a plurality of core steel frames and metal outer plates located in an intermediate part of the direction or substantially below the intermediate part and assembled in the same manner as the ceiling structure are assembled and fixed in the inter-beam direction. Longitudinal cross-section with a ramen structure and seismic panel structure A unit constructed to have a predetermined height and a predetermined volume by integrally fixing and joining the upper end portion of the lower half wall structure in the lower metal unit housing having a generally U-shaped configuration that is open upward. Mold metal basement,
Out of the four upper half wall structures in the upper metal unit housing, at least the two upper half wall structures positioned opposite to each other have lower upper wall structures made of lower metal. Of the four lower half wall structures in the unit housing, at least two lower half wall structures positioned opposite to each other are horizontally inward so as to be bulged by an equal distance outward. The horizontal extension structures extending to the upper half are fixedly connected, and the inner ends of these horizontal extension structures are fixedly joined to the upper ends of the lower half wall structures in the lower metal unit housing. A bay window-like space is formed in the
The unit type metal basement is characterized in that a reinforcing concrete wall is formed on the entire outer peripheral part of the constructed unit type metal basement so that the outer peripheral surface thereof is flush or substantially flush. .   The unit-type metal basement according to claim 1, wherein the lower metal unit housing is fixedly joined to a concrete foundation via a hole-in anchor at a lower end portion thereof. An air supply grill for blowing outside air supplied by an air supply fan through a space formed between the metal outer plate of the lower half wall structure and the interior material in the lower metal unit housing to the vicinity of the bottom in the basement And a space formed between the metal outer plate and the interior material of the ceiling structure body in the upper metal unit housing that is blown out of the air supply grill and rises in the basement. The unit according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a forced air supply / exhaust means for exhausting the air in the basement that is taken into the space through the exhaust grill to the outside by an exhaust fan and an exhaust duct. Mold metal basement.

Images