JP4450244B2 - Swing type processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a swing type machining apparatus, and more particularly to a swing type machining apparatus capable of accurately performing rolling movement of an upper die for machining.

A swing type processing apparatus that shears a metal plate by rolling and moving a curved upper blade with respect to a linear lower blade is known (for example, see Patent Document 1). In this conventional swing type machining apparatus, a cam and a hydraulic cylinder, or a hydraulic cylinder and a guide mechanism are used as a drive mechanism for rolling the cutter. And since such a drive mechanism becomes a complicated structure, the following swing type processing apparatuses are proposed. That is, in a swing type processing apparatus that has a straight blade and an arc blade opposite to the straight blade and moves the arc blade in a rolling manner, the skid attached to the arc blade is suspended from the upper frame. The roller is suspended by forming an arcuate rolling surface on the back surface of the skid, and a roller that presses and contacts the rolling surface on the skid back surface is provided between the skid and the upper frame. This is a swing type processing apparatus configured to roll and move (see Patent Document 2).
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 03-36712 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 07-37518

  By the way, in the conventional swing type processing apparatus, the rotary blade is rolled and moved by pressing a rolling surface provided on the back surface of the rotary blade with a moving roller. No guide or support is provided in the length direction. Therefore, during the operation, the rotary blade may be displaced in the longitudinal direction, and slippage may occur between the rotary blade and the workpiece. When the rotary blade cannot be accurately rolled and moved in this manner, there arises a problem that accurate machining cannot be performed.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks, and its purpose is to realize an accurate rolling trajectory while having a simple configuration, so that highly accurate machining can be performed. Is to provide a simple swing type processing apparatus.

The swing type machining apparatus of the present invention has a lower mold 22 supported on the base 1 side and an upper mold 21 attached to the movable body 3 and having an arcuate machining surface. A swing type processing apparatus for processing a workpiece by rolling the mold 21, wherein guide grooves 7 and 7 are provided on either one of the both ends of the movable body 3 and the base 1 side. A pair of guide pins 6, 6 supported on the other side are inserted into the guide grooves 7, 7. The guide grooves 7 are formed when the upper die 21 rolls. Is formed along a movement trajectory relative to the movable body 3, and the movable body 3 has an arcuate rolling surface 4 and is configured as a rolling body that rolls on the base 1. And the curvature of the rolling surface 4 of the movable body 3 and the processed surface of the upper die 21 The curvature, characterized in that it is formed in a substantially same rate.

Further, the contact point between the upper die 21 and the lower die 22 is the origin, the perpendicular line from the center of curvature of the rolling surface of the upper die 21 to the origin is the Y axis, and the upper die 21 rolls perpendicularly to the Y axis through the origin. In the XY coordinate system having a line extending in the direction as the X-axis, the guide pins 6 are arranged at a height H and an interval L, and when the curvature of the rolling surface of the upper die 21 is R, the guide The groove
x = (L−RΘ) cosΘ + (R−H) sinΘ
y = (L−RΘ) sinΘ + (HR) cosΘ + R (4)
Given by the trajectory. This locus can be approximated by connecting two or more circles having different diameters.

  In the swing type processing apparatus of the present invention, the guide groove 7 is formed on the movable body 3 side, and this is guided by the guide pin 7 provided on the base 1 side. It is possible to give an accurate rolling trajectory and perform an accurate rolling motion, and therefore it is possible to perform highly accurate machining. Further, if a guide groove having a shape corresponding to the expression (4) is used, it is possible to make the rolling motion more accurately. Moreover, since the shape shown by said Formula (4) is approximated by the circular arc, the process of the guide groove 7 becomes easy.

Furthermore, while a pair of guide pins project from the movable body 3, a guide groove is formed on the base 1 side along an associated locus of the guide pin projecting position when the upper mold rolls. but it may also be configured to guide.

  Next, specific embodiments of the swing type machining apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an overall schematic configuration of the swing type machining apparatus. In the figure, K denotes a device base, and the base 2 is supported on the device base K. The base 1 includes a substantially flat mounting surface 2. A rolling element 3 is placed on the placement surface 2. The rolling element 3 has an arcuate rolling surface 4 that is in contact with the mounting surface 2 described above, and a neutral position where the rolling element 3 is held horizontally (no force is applied to the rolling element 3 from the outside). It can roll back and forth by a predetermined distance from the balance position. On the device base K, a support base 5 is erected to support the rolling element 3 so as to be movable. The support 5 is integrally provided at a position near the end of the rolling element 3 at positions before and after the rolling element 3 in the rolling direction. Each of the support bases 5 and 5 is provided on the back portion of the rolling element 3, and guide pins 6 and 6 are provided to project toward the rolling element 3 in front of the support bases 5 and 5. On the other hand, a pair of front and rear guide grooves 7, 7 are formed near the end of the rolling element 3, and the respective guide pins 6, 6 are fitted into the respective guide grooves 7, 7. Further, while the rolling element 3 is guided by the guide pin 6, it is guided from both sides before and after the rolling plate 3 by a slide plate 8 attached to the support base 5 and a vibration preventing ring 9 supported by the guide pin 6. The fall is prevented. In addition, in the said description and the following description, although called the guide groove, this includes what is called a guide hole.

  Next, a rolling mechanism for rolling the rolling element 3 will be described. In the vicinity of both ends in the rolling direction of the rolling element 3, a pair of front and rear pedestal parts 11, 11 are provided at the position of the upper end part of the rolling element 3. It is supported. Each support rod 12, 12 is supported by each pedestal 11, 11 in a cantilevered state and protruding from the end of the rolling element 3 in the front-rear direction of the rolling direction. Further, slide bearings 13 and 13 are supported by the support rods 12 and 12 so as to be slidable in the front-rear direction, and weights 14 and 14 are suspended and supported by the slide bearings 13 and 13. Each of the weights 14 and 14 preferably has substantially the same weight. The slide bearings 13 and 13 are connected to each other by a connecting rod 15. In this case, when the protruding amounts of both the weights 14 and 14 from the end of the rolling element 3 are approximately the same, the rolling element 3 becomes a balance position where no force is applied to the rolling element 3 from the outside. Preferably, the neutral position is maintained horizontally. In addition, stoppers 18 and 18 for preventing the slide bearings 13 and 13 from being pulled out are attached to the tip portions of the support rods 12 and 12, respectively.

  The operation state of the swing type machining apparatus will be described. First, when the amount of protrusion of the pair of weights 14, 14 from the end of the rolling element 3 is substantially the same, the balance position where no force is applied to the rolling element 3 from the outside (in FIG. Is a neutral position where the rolling elements 3 are held horizontally. From this state, as shown in FIG. 2, if the weights 14 and 14 are interlocked with the front-rear direction of the rolling direction, the rotational moment acting on the rolling element 3 increases, and accordingly, the rolling element 3 moves back and forth. Will roll to move. Further, for example, in the state of FIG. 1, each of the weights 14, 14 is located at the left end (rear end in the rolling direction) in the drawing. Theoretically, if the weights 14 and 14 are moved from this state to the right side (forward in the rolling direction) in the drawing, the rolling element 3 rolls forward. However, in actual operation, the support rods 12 in the rolling direction are manually operated from the state shown in FIG. 1 (the weights 14 and 14 are located at the left end (rear end in the rolling direction)). 12 is rotated to a position until it slightly exceeds the balance position. If it does so, the weights 14 and 14 which were located in the left end part until then will start a movement by dead weight. Thereafter, when the processing force required for the workpiece to be processed is small, the movement of the weights 14 and 14 due to the weight of the weights 14 and the rolling of the rolling elements 3 are naturally and spontaneously repeated, and the weight 14 , 14 move to the right end (front end in the rolling direction) in FIG. 1 as described in FIG. When the processing force required for the workpiece is large, the weights 14 and 14 that started moving when the balance is rotated to a position until it slightly exceeds the balance position are stopped at that position, so that they are supported manually. The rods 12 and 12 are rotated to roll the rolling element 3 while applying an external force by a person. In this case, the rolling element 3 can be rolled with a small force. It is also possible to automatically perform a series of rolling operations. In this case, the rolling bodies 3 are moved by forcibly moving the weights 14 and 14 using some driving source. It rolls.

Next, the procedure for setting the shape of the guide groove 7 will be described. Here, in the state where the rolling element 3 is in the balance position (in FIG. 3, the upper side of the rolling element 3 is horizontal), the contact point between the base 1 and the rolling element 3 is the origin O, and the rolling surface 4 An XY coordinate system in which a perpendicular line from the center of curvature to the origin is the Y axis, and a line passing through the origin O and perpendicular to the Y axis and extending in the rolling direction of the rolling element 3 (the mounting surface 2 of the base 1) is the X axis. The description will be made on the assumption that the origin, the X axis, and the Y axis are on the same plane. First, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, when the rolling element 3 (the radius R of the rolling surface 4) is rotated by a certain angle Θ, a specific point P in the rolling element 3 becomes P ′. Reach the position of. If the coordinates of the point P are (x, y), the distance from the center of the circle to the point P is r, and the angle with the y axis is Φ,
x = rsinΦ
y = R-rcosΦ (1)
The coordinates (α, β) of the point P ′ when the rolling element 3 rotates by Θ are
α = RΘ + rsin (Φ−Θ)
β = R−rcos (Φ−Θ) (2)
It becomes. At this time, there is a premise that the guide pin 6 is always located at the point P ′ (for example, x = L, y = H in the XY coordinate system).
α = L
β = H (3)
It is necessary to satisfy the condition.
Therefore, when the above equation (1) is solved for Φ and r and substituted into the equation (2) together with the above equation (3),
L = R · Θ + x cos Θ− (R−y) sin Θ
H = R− (R−y) cos Θ−x sin Θ
If this is solved for (x, y), the following equation (4) is obtained.
x = (L−RΘ) cosΘ + (R−H) sinΘ
y = (L−RΘ) sinΘ + (HR) cosΘ + R (4)
The shape of the guide groove 7 when R = 1000 and H = 100 based on the above equation (4) is illustrated in FIG.

  And practically, the usage mode which approximated the shape of the said guide groove 7 with the circular arc from which two or two or more polarities differ as shown in FIG. 5 is illustrated. In this case, although it is theoretically somewhat different, it has been confirmed that it can be processed as a difference within an error range which is practically no problem. Incidentally, in FIG. 5, the guide groove 7 approximates the guide groove 7 based on the above calculation by connecting a circular arc with a radius of 200 mm centered on the point A and a circular arc with a radius of 46 mm centered on the point B. Indicates that it is possible.

  Further, in the rolling element 3, as shown in FIG. 1, three or three or more bolt mounting holes 10 are juxtaposed at predetermined intervals in the rolling direction in the lower part of the rolling element 3. Yes. These bolt attachment holes 10 are for attaching an upper die 21 for processing described later, and the upper die attachment portion 10 is constituted by the plurality of bolt attachment holes 10. The upper mold attaching portion 10 includes a shear upper mold 21 (see FIG. 6), a bending upper mold 31 (see FIG. 9), another bending upper mold 36 (see FIG. 10), and a drilling upper mold 41 (see FIG. 9). 12) is selectively attached. Details of each processing operation will be described later.

  First, processing using the swing type processing apparatus will be described by taking shearing as an example. FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view thereof. As described above, the rolling element 3 is guided from both sides by the slide plate 8 and the vibration preventing ring 9, and in the vertical direction, the guide groove is provided. It is guided by a guide pin 6 inserted in 7. In this case, the upper die 21 for shearing and the lower die 22 are provided. The upper die 21 is attached to the upper die attaching portion 10 of the rolling element 3, and the lower die 22 includes the base 1. Is used as it is. The upper die 21 has a blade portion (lower end portion) having substantially the same curvature as the rolling surface 4 of the rolling element 3. In the upper die mounting portion 10 on the lower side of the rolling element 3, It is attached to the upper mold attaching part 10 located at the position. Further, a work receiving base 23 is arranged on the device base K on the opposite side of the rolling element 3 of the base 1 (lower mold 22), and the upper surface thereof is the same height as the mounting surface 2 of the base 1. Thus, a processing plate (workpiece) 20 can be placed on both. Further, a positioning stopper 24 for projecting the tip position of the processing plate 20 is provided on the side where the upper mold 21 of the apparatus base K is located (the side opposite to the work cradle 23). On the other hand, the upper die 21 is bolted to the upper die attaching portion 10 on the lower side surface of the rolling element 3 as described above, but the lower end blade portion is different from the side surface of the base 1 as shown in FIG. It has a constant clearance C and a constant bite allowance D with respect to the base 1. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, a plate presser 26 having an ejector pin 25 is attached to the lower surface of the rolling element 3 on the side surface opposite to the side surface to which the upper die 21 is attached. Then, as shown in FIG. 8, the processing plate 20 is set in the state (a) (the weights 14 and 14 are located at the rear end of the rolling direction), and the rolling element 3 starts rolling. Before the upper mold 21 comes into contact with the plate 20, the processing plate 20 is pressed by the ejector pins 25, and the rolling element 3 is further rolled to move the upper mold 21 to start shearing (FIG. (C)). ). Then, after the shearing is finished in the state of (d), the rolling element 3 is further rolled and sheared until the state of (d) in the same figure (the state where the weights 14 and 14 are located at the front end in the rolling direction). The processed plate 20 is taken out and a series of shearing operations are completed.

  In the swing type processing apparatus, processing operations other than the above-described shearing processing are performed. It is a bending work or a drilling work. An example of the bending process is shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the bending upper die 31 is attached to the upper die attaching portion 10 of the rolling element 3, and the bending lower die 32 is disposed on the device base K on the side of the base 1. The upper die 31 for bending also has a tip portion having substantially the same curvature as the rolling surface 4 of the rolling element 3. In this case, as shown in the figure, the processing plate 20 is supported by the lower mold 32 in a cantilever state, and its free end side is bent downward. As shown in FIGS. 4A to 4D, this bending process is performed four times in total, thereby performing a series of bending processes. First, in the first step, three spacers 33, 34, 34 are arranged on the base 1 so as to overlap each other, and in this state, the rolling element 3 is rolled, and the upper die 31 is rolled and moved. Bending is performed. At this time, the upper die 31 is kept at a shallow position with respect to the lower die 32 by the arrangement thickness of the spacers 33, 34, and 35, and bending processing with a low degree of processing is performed. Next, while decreasing the spacers 33, 34 and 34 one by one, the upper die 31 is sequentially positioned deeper than the lower die 32 as shown in FIGS. Increase the degree of processing in order. Finally, in a state where there are no spacers 33, 34, 35, the final stage of bending is performed by a rolling operation in which the rolling surface 4 of the rolling element 3 is in contact with the mounting surface 2 of the base 1. Processing. In this way, by adopting a processing method in which the processing degree of the processing plate 20 gradually increases, it is possible to perform bending processing with good accuracy.

  FIG. 10 shows another bending method. This is a method of using a triangular upper mold 36 projecting downward and a lower mold 37 having a triangular recess, and the lower mold 37 is mounted on the device base K on the side of the base 1. And the upper die 36 is attached to the upper die attaching portion 10 of the rolling element 3 to perform bending. In this case, the bending operation is performed in a single operation. The tip of the upper die 36 also has substantially the same curvature as the rolling surface 4 of the rolling element 3.

  Further, in the swing type processing apparatus, a drilling operation can be performed. 11 and 12 show specific examples of the upper die 41 and the lower die 42 used for the drilling operation. The upper die 41 is attached to the upper die attaching portion 10 of the rolling element 3 and has an arcuate pressing surface 43 having substantially the same curvature as the rolling surface 4 of the rolling element 3. The lower die 42 has a structure in which a plurality of punches 44 are arranged in parallel in the rolling direction of the rolling element 3, and is attached to the apparatus base K on the side of the base 1. Then, as shown in FIG. 11, the upper die 41 rolls and moves according to the rolling of the rolling element 3, and the pressing surface 43 presses the head of the punch 44 in the rolling direction in order, thereby processing the plate 20. In order, a plurality of holes are drilled.

  FIG. 13 shows a second embodiment of the swing type machining apparatus. This swing type machining apparatus is basically the same as that in the first embodiment, but the rolling mechanism is different in the second embodiment. That is, the rolling mechanism in this case is provided with a pair of guide portions 16 and 16 projecting upward at positions in the vicinity of both end portions of the rolling element 3, and rolling the slide rod 17 on the guide portions 16 and 16. The sliding rod 17 is mounted so as to be slidable in the direction, and weights 14 and 14 are attached to both ends of the sliding rod 17, respectively. Also in this swing type processing apparatus, it is possible to move the rolling element 3 by moving the position of the weights 14 and 14 by moving the sliding rod 17.

  According to the swing type processing apparatus, the upper die 21 is rolled by moving the rolling element 3 on the base 1, so that an accurate rolling locus can be given to the upper die 21 with high accuracy. Can be processed easily. Moreover, since the rolling mechanism which rolls the rolling element 3 by moving the weights 14 and 14 to a rolling direction is employ | adopted, it becomes a simple structure and can provide an inexpensive apparatus. Further, the dead weight of the weights 14 and 14 acts as a pressing force from the upper die 21 to the workpiece 20, so that a large machining force can be obtained and the workability can be improved. In addition, in this case, the rolling element 3 rolls by moving the weights 14 and 14 using the slide bearing 13 (or the sliding rod 17). It is only a force for sliding, so a small force is sufficient for the necessary force.

  Moreover, since the rolling element 3 can be reciprocally rolled back and forth from the balance state, the convenience of handling the apparatus can be improved. Further, since the pair of weights 14 and 14 are interlocked by the connecting rod (connecting member) 15, compared with the case where the rolling element 3 is rolled by moving the single weight 14, the weight is reduced. The moving distance of the weights 14 and 14 may be short, so that workability is improved.

  In each of the above embodiments, the rolling mechanism is configured by interlocking a pair of weights 14 and 14, but the rolling mechanism is attached by movably attaching a single weight in the rolling direction. Can also be configured. That is, although not shown in the figure, the balance between the front position and the rear position in the rolling direction is 1 with respect to the vertical line from the arc center of the rolling surface to the base in a balanced state where no external force is applied to the rolling element. A weight is attached and the weight is allowed to move within the section. Furthermore, attaching the weight so as to be movable in the rolling direction can also be achieved by adding a load to the rolling element 3 from the outside or removing the added load. It is included within the scope of the present invention.

Further, in the swing type machining apparatus of each of the above embodiments, the guide groove 7 having a shape approximate to the shape shown by the above formula (4) is formed on the rolling element 3 side, and this is provided on the base 1 side. 7 can guide the upper die 21 with an accurate rolling trajectory and perform an accurate rolling motion, so that it is possible to perform highly accurate machining. It becomes. Further, since the complicated shape corresponding to the equation (4) is approximated by an arc, the processing of the guide groove 7 is facilitated. Instead of providing the pair of guide grooves 7 and 7 on the rolling element 3, a pair of guide pins are provided to project, while the guide pin projecting position when the rolling element 3 rolls is linked to the base 1 side. to form a guide groove along the trajectory, but it may also be so as to guide the guide pin.

  Furthermore, in the swing type machining apparatus of each of the above embodiments, a plurality of types of upper molds and lower molds can be attached interchangeably while being a single apparatus. Can be processed. For this reason, the operating rate of the apparatus is improved, so that low-cost processing can be performed, which is economical. In the above-described embodiment, shearing, bending, and perforation can be performed. However, drawing and embossing can also be performed.

It is a perspective view which shows embodiment of the swing type processing apparatus of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram for demonstrating the operation state of the said swing type processing apparatus. It is explanatory drawing of how to obtain | require the shape of the guide groove in the said swing type processing apparatus. It is explanatory drawing which shows the shape of the said guide groove. It is explanatory drawing of the state which set the shape of the said guide groove simply. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which performs a shearing process with the said swing type processing apparatus. It is sectional drawing which expands and shows the state of the blade part at the time of the said shearing process. It is a front view which shows the state which performs a shearing process with the said swing type processing apparatus with progress of time. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which bends with the said swing type processing apparatus for every process. It is a perspective view which shows the upper mold | type and lower mold | type used in the other method of bending with the said swing type processing apparatus. It is a front view which shows the state which drills with the said swing type processing apparatus with progress of time. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view for demonstrating the said drilling operation | work. It is a perspective view which shows other embodiment of the swing type processing apparatus of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

    1 ·· Base, 3 ·· Rolling element, 4 ·· Rolling surface, 6 ·· Guide pin, 7 ·· Guide groove, 10 ·· Upper mounting portion, 12 ·· Support rod, 13 ·· Slide bearing, 14 .. Weight, 15 .. Connecting rod, 16 .. Guide part, 17 .. Sliding rod, 20 .. Processing plate (workpiece), 21, 31, 36, 41. 32, 37, 42 ... Lower mold, 44 ... Punch

Claims (3)

A lower die (22) supported on the base (1) side, and an upper die (21) attached to the movable body (3) and provided with an arcuate processed surface, with respect to the lower die (22) A swing type processing apparatus that processes a workpiece by rolling the upper mold (21), and guides to either one of the both ends of the movable body (3) and the base (1) side. A pair of guide pins (6) and (6) supported on the other side are provided in the guide grooves (7) and (7) while providing the grooves (7) and (7). 7) is formed along a movement trajectory in which the guide pin (6) moves relative to the movable body (3) when the upper die (21) rolls, and the movable body (3) is constructed as a rolling element for rolling the base (1) above and having an arcuate rolling surface (4), the accepted Body (3) and the curvature of the rolling surface (4) of the curvature of the working surface of the upper die (21), swing type processing apparatus characterized by being formed in a substantially same rate.
The contact point between the upper die (21) and the lower die (22) is the origin, the perpendicular from the center of curvature of the rolling surface of the upper die (21) to the origin is the Y axis, and the upper die passes through the origin and is perpendicular to the Y axis. In the XY coordinate system having the X axis as a line extending in the rolling direction of (21), the guide pins (6) are arranged at a height H and an interval L, and the rolling surface of the upper die (21) Where R is the curvature of the upper die (21) and Θ is the rolling angle from the Y axis of the upper die (21) ,
x = (L−RΘ) cosΘ + (R−H) sinΘ
y = (L−RΘ) sinΘ + (HR) cosΘ + R
The swing type machining apparatus according to claim 1 , which is given by 3. The swing type machining apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the locus is approximated by connecting two or more circles having different diameters.