JP4445236B2 - Drilling device and drilling method thereof - Google Patents

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a drilling device that accurately processes deep holes in a small edge surface of wood or the like, and in particular, when long wood is dried, an axial through hole is easily drilled in the center portion to prevent cracking. The present invention relates to a drilling device with excellent workability and a drilling method.

Conventionally, cracks in wood caused by drying shrinkage are major drawbacks, such as rounds, starwood star cracks, sapwood star cracks, fork cracks, and cracks. Sapwood star cracking is a dry cracking of the sapwood part that occurs from the outer periphery toward the tree center, and is mainly caused by abrupt drying after felling. In order to prevent this sapwood star cracking, it is generally split back. The spine splitting is a method of preventing cracks from appearing apparently by grinding into the back portion with a saw up to the heart when using logs or heart-shaped squares for pillars or edge girders.
However, the traditionally widely used spine is notched along the longitudinal direction of the wood, so it is impossible to express the beauty of the whole wood itself. There was a problem that they had to be hidden and used.
In addition, when a deep hole is drilled in the center of the forehead instead of splitting the back, there is a problem that the drill is easy to swing and the hole is bent as the drill becomes longer.
In order to solve these problems, (Patent Document 1) states that “a bamboo knot removal and wood axial drilling device, which is fixed to the horizontal guide rail and one end of the guide rail. A stopper, a workpiece fixing mechanism fixed to the guide rail and having an opening and closing mechanism for mounting and removing the workpiece, and removal of the node of the workpiece to be moved along the guide rail; A moving plate with a blade rotating shaft mechanism that has a cutting tool for drilling in the axial direction at the tip and is equipped with a rotating shaft whose axis is aligned with the material to be processed and a driving motor for the rotating shaft, and a workpiece on the guide rail. A rotary shaft holding material that is provided between the treatment material fixing mechanism and the moving plate with the blade rotation shaft mechanism and has a rotary bearing that supports the rotation shaft and is movable along the guide rail, and a moving plate with the blade rotation shaft mechanism Move along the guide rail A motor with a chain gear mechanism capable of forward / reverse rotation, and one end fixed to the lower part of the moving plate with the blade rotation shaft mechanism, and using the motor with the chain gear mechanism as a power source, move the moving plate with the blade rotation shaft mechanism along the guide rail to the stopper side One end is fixed to the end of the moving plate with the blade rotation axis mechanism of the chain, and the other end is fixed to the side opposite to the stopper of the guide rail. Bamboo material knot removal, wood axial direction, equipped with an expansion and contraction absorption mechanism for chain deflection prevention that absorbs deflection caused by pulling to the stopper side, and a blade position visual confirmation mechanism that makes it possible to visually confirm the position of the blade A drilling device "is disclosed.
(Patent Document 2) states that “a device for drilling in the longitudinal direction of a support round material, in which a rotary shaft provided with a drilling tool at the tip is supported so as to be movable in the horizontal direction, at least of the support round material to be drilled. A machined wood processing apparatus comprising a support device that rotatably supports both end portions, and a rotation device that rotates a supporting round member supported by the support device in a direction opposite to the rotation axis. " Has been.
(Patent Document 3) states that in a vise device for holding wood and a stationary drill for woodworking in which a drill held by a cutting head moves back and forth and up and down with respect to the vise device, the drill is fitted to one end of the vise device. A stationary drill for woodworking, characterized in that the drill bushing to be mounted is attached so as to be interlocked with the vertical movement of the drill, and the drill bushing is rotatable.
JP-A-11-147205 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-247357 JP 2000-176906 A

However, the above conventional techniques have the following problems.
(1) In (Patent Document 1), when removing bamboo material and drilling wood in the axial direction, a motor with a chain gear mechanism is used as a power source to move the moving plate with a blade rotation shaft mechanism along the guide rail to the stopper side. Although it is moved, the center part of the moving plate with the blade rotating shaft mechanism is pulled and moved, so if the blade rotating shaft swings left and right, the straightness is lost and it cannot move smoothly, and the workability deteriorates Had. In addition, the structure is complicated, such as the need for an expansion / contraction absorbing mechanism for preventing deflection of the chain that absorbs the deflection caused by the pulling of the moving plate with the rotation mechanism of the chain to the stopper side on the guide rail. Productivity and maintenance It had the problem of lacking in nature. In addition, as the cutting tool moves to the stopper side during processing, it must move while pressing the rotating shaft holding material. Therefore, when there are multiple rotating shaft holding materials, the load on the cutting tool must be increased while processing continues. However, there was a problem that workability was reduced. In addition, since neither the workpiece fixing mechanism nor the moving plate with the blade rotation shaft mechanism has a horizontal and vertical position adjustment mechanism, it is difficult to align the workpiece with the blade and the workpiece is processed. The size of the material was also limited, and there was a problem of lack of versatility and workability.
(2) (Patent Document 2) is a method in which a centered round material is rotated in the direction opposite to the rotation shaft provided with a punching tool to perform hole machining of 1/2 or more of the outer diameter, and the wood to be processed is limited to the round material. Therefore, it is not versatile and has a problem that the hole diameter is larger than 1/2 of the outer shape and takes a long processing time, so that the workability is insufficient and the strength after processing is insufficient and the reliability and durability are insufficient. .
(3) In (Patent Document 3), since the drill bush fitted to the drill is attached so as to be interlocked with the vertical movement of the drill and the drill bush is made rotatable, the drill can be supported to prevent runout. By manually moving the left and right movement lever, the drill unit is advanced toward the wood and drilling is performed, so that workability is lacking, and the drill unit has a short moving distance, so a long through hole can be formed. There was a problem that it was not possible and lacked versatility.

  The present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, prevents drill runout during drilling, enables high-precision machining, is highly reliable, and easily aligns a workpiece such as wood with the drill. It can be performed with high accuracy and has excellent workability and reliability, and can easily form a through-hole in the longitudinal direction on the small edge of a long wood or the like in a short time. Excellent in straightness when drilling, and through holes can be drilled to prevent the occurrence of defects such as cracking and warping when drying wood, etc., without compromising the strength of wood. It is an object of the present invention to provide an excellent drilling device and to provide a highly reliable drilling method that can reduce the load on the drill, have a long service life, and perform accurate drilling.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the drilling device of the present invention has the following configuration.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a drilling device having a substantially U-shaped or H-shaped rail mount having a horizontal guide portion continuously provided on both sides and upper surfaces of the both sides, and a male screw on the outer periphery. A guide shaft that is formed and rotatably disposed on the rail mount, a moving motor that is connected to an end of the guide shaft and rotates the guide shaft forward and backward, and a male screw of the guide shaft. A drill main body guide portion having a female thread portion for guiding and slidably mounted on the rail mount; one or more drill driving portions disposed in the drill main body guide portion; and the drill driving portion. A drill shaft mounted; a drill disposed at a tip of the drill shaft; and one or more drill shaft guide portions that are slidably disposed on the rail mount and support the drill shaft. A set of drilling units It has a configuration which comprises.

This configuration has the following effects.
(1) A substantially U-shaped or H-shaped rail mount having both side portions and a horizontal guide portion, a guide shaft formed with a male screw on the outer periphery and rotatably disposed on the rail mount, and a male screw of the guide shaft And a drill body guide portion that is slidably mounted on the rail mount and has a guide female screw portion that is screwed together with the guide shaft so that the drill body guide portion can be guided forward and backward by the guide shaft. Therefore, the sliding operation can be stabilized and the straightness of the drill body guide portion can be ensured.
(2) By having the moving motor connected to the end portion of the guide shaft, the drill body guide portion can be easily slid back and forth on the rail mount simply by rotating the guide shaft forward and backward.
(3) By having a drill drive unit disposed in the drill body guide unit, a drill shaft mounted on the drill drive unit, and a drill disposed at the tip of the drill shaft, the slide of the drill body guide unit is provided. The drill drive with the drill attached to the tip can be moved back and forth according to the movement, so that the drilling accuracy can be improved, drilling during drilling and chip discharge during retraction Can be easily switched, so that workability can be improved.
(4) Since it has one or more drill shaft guide portions that are slidably disposed on the rail mount and support the drill shaft, the deflection of the drill shaft and the deflection of the drill disposed at the tip of the drill shaft are prevented. Therefore, it is possible to perform drilling with high accuracy with little misalignment.
(5) Since the drilling device is formed as a set of drilling units, it can be easily transferred without disassembling work during transportation, so the adjustment work after the transfer can be reduced and maintenance can be performed. Excellent in properties.
(6) By having one or more drill driving parts in the drill body guide part, a large number of holes can be made at the same time, and the versatility and workability are excellent.

Here, a locking projection is formed at the bottom of the drill body guide part and engaged with an engagement groove formed in the horizontal guide part of the rail mount, or a sliding part having a substantially U-shaped cross section is formed. To engage the outer circumference of the rail mount. As a result, the drill body guide portion can be slid freely on the rail base as the guide shaft screwed into the guide female screw portion rotates. The female thread portion for guide of the drill body guide portion can be formed on the locking convex portion of the bottom portion or on both sides of the sliding portion. In particular, when the guide female thread portions are formed on both sides of the drill main body guide portion, it is possible to prevent left-right deflection and to improve straightness.
The drill driving unit is a forward / reverse rotating type. As a result, the attached drill shaft can be reversely rotated, so that the drill disposed at the tip of the drill shaft can be reversely rotated and the drill body guide portion can be smoothly retracted while discharging chips, Excellent workability. In addition, drilling while repeating drilling by drilling forward and retreating chips by retreating drills reduces frictional heat and cools the drill by intermittent operation. It is possible to prevent the selection range of the material and shape of the drill and the drill shaft from being narrowed, and to improve the degree of freedom in design. In addition, you may use what rotates a drill drive part in one direction. In this case, a chip discharging means is provided.
The length of the drill shaft is preferably 1200 mm to 2500 mm. As the length of the drill shaft becomes shorter than 1200 mm, the length of the work piece that can process the through-hole tends to decrease and the versatility tends to decrease. As the length of the drill shaft becomes longer than 2500 mm, the handling of the drill shaft becomes difficult. However, it tends to be difficult to transport and requires a large installation space and work space, both of which are not preferable.

Further, the blade length of the drill is preferably 300 mm to 600 mm. As the drill blade length becomes shorter than 300 mm, the depth of holes that can be machined in one operation tends to become shorter and the workability and workability tend to deteriorate. As the length becomes longer than 600 mm, the amount of chips accumulated in the drill part Increases, the straightness is lost, the center of the tip tends to be misaligned, and the strength of the workpiece tends to decrease.
It is preferable that the outer diameters of the drill shaft and the drill are 15 mm to 20 mm and are formed to the same extent. As the outer diameter of the drill shaft and drill becomes thinner than 15 mm, the rigidity of the drill shaft and drill decreases, handling becomes worse, and it becomes difficult to form deep holes. There is a tendency that it is difficult to connect the holes, and as the thickness becomes larger than 20 mm, the rigidity of the workpiece after processing tends to be insufficient and durability and reliability tend to be lowered, both of which are not preferable. In addition, by forming the drill shaft and the outer diameter of the drill to the same extent, the drill shaft can act as a guide for the holes already formed during drilling, preventing drill runout and improving straightness. Therefore, occurrence of misalignment can be reduced.

In addition, when the workpiece is longer than the drill shaft, the through hole can be formed by processing the workpiece from one side of the facet after inverting it and working from the other side of the face. .
Controls such as the number of rotations of the drill, processing depth, and forward / reverse rotation of the drill driving unit and the moving motor are performed by a control unit provided separately from the drilling device main body. By being automatically operated according to preset processing conditions, the processing time is shortened and the workability is excellent. The processing depth can be controlled by calculating the moving distance of the drill main body guide portion based on the number of rotations of the moving motor. Further, a position sensor or the like may be disposed on a rail mount or the like on which the drill main body guide portion is placed, and the position of the drill main body guide portion may be directly detected.
The drill shaft guide portion includes a guide plate having a guide hole through which the drill shaft is inserted and a support portion that slidably supports the guide plate. The horizontal guide part and / or the leg part of the rail mount is formed with a concave and / or convex sliding engagement part parallel to the longitudinal direction, and is slid onto the support part formed or arranged on the guide plate. The drill shaft guide part can be slid by forming the guide plate locking part of the convex line and / or the concave line to be locked to the engaging part.

Invention of Claim 2 is a drilling apparatus of Claim 1, Comprising: The workpiece mounting part extended in the said horizontal guide part of the said rail mount, The said workpiece mounting part Fixing means for fixing the workpiece on the upper side, and the two sets of drilling units according to claim 1 are arranged symmetrically with the workpiece placing portion interposed therebetween ing.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of the first aspect, the following operation is provided.
(1) Since the two sets of drilling units are arranged symmetrically across the workpiece placement part, the workpiece can be processed from both ends, so that the processing time is greatly reduced. And a through hole can be formed for a long workpiece.
(2) Since the two sets of drilling units are arranged symmetrically across the workpiece placement portion, the through hole can be formed by processing from both ends without inverting the workpiece. Therefore, work man-hours such as attachment / detachment and positioning of a workpiece can be reduced, and workability can be improved.
(3) By having a work piece mounting portion extended to the horizontal guide portion of the rail mount and a fixing means for fixing the work piece on the work piece placing portion, the drill and the work piece Can be easily aligned, the workpiece can be securely fixed, and accurate drilling can be performed.

  Here, a plurality of fixing means for fixing the workpiece on the workpiece mounting portion may be arranged in the longitudinal direction of the workpiece. Thereby, even when the workpiece is long, it can be reliably fixed, and is excellent in safety and reliability. The fixing means may be arranged so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction. As a result, important points can be fixed in a balanced manner according to the length of the work piece, and workability and versatility are excellent. The fixing means includes a mechanical clamp using a vise or a pneumatic cylinder, a magnet or a chuck using suction. Further, this fixing means preferably sandwiches the side surface of the workpiece from both sides, and in particular, one in which the fixing means can be moved in a symmetrical manner with respect to the axis of the drill shaft of the drill driving unit is preferably used. Since the fixing means moves symmetrically with respect to the axis of the drill shaft, the center of the axis of the drill shaft and the center of the workpiece can always be aligned even if the width of the workpiece is different. A hole can be easily drilled in the center of the workpiece.

Invention of Claim 3 is a drilling apparatus of Claim 1 or 2, Comprising: The horizontal guide part and / or both sides of the said rail mount are a parallel strip and / or convex strip parallel to a longitudinal direction. The drill body guide portion includes a locking portion that is formed on a convex line and / or a concave line and is locked to the sliding fitting engagement part. It has a configuration.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of the first or second aspect, the following operation is provided.
(1) The horizontal guide part of the rail mount and / or the engaging part for the fitting of the concave and / or convex stripes formed parallel to the longitudinal direction on both sides, and the convex and / or concave part on the drill body guide part Since it has the latching | locking part formed in the strip | line, a drill main body guide part can be reliably latched to a rail mount, and the sliding operation | movement of a drill main body guide part can be stabilized.
Here, it is preferable that the horizontal guide part of the rail mount and the engaging part for sliding fitting formed on the both sides and the locking part formed on the drill body guide part are grooves. As a result, the drill body guide section can be more securely locked to the rail mount, and the drill body guide section does not come off from the rail mount or fall even when subjected to external impacts, etc. Excellent in properties.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a drilling device according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the drill shaft is mounted on the drill shaft and between the drill body guide portion and the drill shaft guide portion. , And a plurality of helical springs disposed between the plurality of drill shaft guide portions.
With this configuration, in addition to the operations of the first to third aspects, the following operation is provided.
(1) The movement of the drill body guide portion is achieved by the fact that the helical spring that is mounted on the drill shaft is disposed between the drill body guide portion and the drill shaft guide portion and between the plurality of drill shaft guide portions. Along with this, the helical spring expands and contracts, and the drill shaft guide can be moved automatically, so that the drill shaft can be supported stably and the drill shaft is securely supported to prevent touching the drill. it can.
Here, both ends of the helical spring are respectively fixed to the end surfaces of the drill body guide part or the drill shaft guide part. Thereby, since a helical spring does not touch a drill axis | shaft directly, while being able to rotate a drill stably, a drill axis | shaft guide part can be slid reliably and a drill axis | shaft can be supported.
In addition, you may arrange | position the bearing which guides a drill axis | shaft in a drill axis | shaft guide part. Thereby, friction can be reduced between the drill shaft and the drill shaft guide part, and since the rotation of the drill shaft is not hindered, the drill can rotate stably, and an accurate drilling process can be performed.

A fifth aspect of the present invention is the hole drilling device according to any one of the second to fourth aspects, wherein the workpiece placing portion is divided from the horizontal guide portion of the rail mount. Formed on the lower surface of the workpiece placing portion, and a leg portion that can move up and down.
With this configuration, in addition to the operations of claims 2 to 4, the following operations are provided.
(1) Since the work piece mounting portion is formed by being divided from the horizontal guide portion of the rail mount, and a leg portion that can move up and down is provided on the lower surface of the work piece mount portion, Since the height of the workpiece mounting portion can be freely adjusted with respect to the drill body guide portion placed on the guide portion, the position in the height direction of the hole drilled in the workpiece can be easily set It is possible to change, and it is possible to perform drilling at arbitrary height positions on workpieces having different dimensions.
Here, as the leg portion of the workpiece placing portion, the workpiece placing portion is configured by screwing the bolt shaft in the vertical direction to the workpiece placing portion and rotating the bolt shaft by a motor or manually. A device that moves up and down, a device that moves a workpiece mounting portion up and down by rotating a rack that is provided with a pinion in the vertical direction of the workpiece mounting portion and screwed into the pinion, and the like are preferably used. In addition, by arranging a level on the work piece mounting portion, leveling can be reliably performed when the height of the leg portion is adjusted.

Invention of Claim 6 is a drilling apparatus of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 5, Comprising: The structure provided with the guide adjustment mechanism which adjusts the height of the said drill shaft guide part. Have.
With this configuration, in addition to the operations of claims 1 to 5, the following operations are provided.
(1) By having a guide adjustment mechanism that adjusts the height of the drill shaft guide portion, the height of the drill shaft guide portion can be easily changed when exchanging the drill drive portion or the drill shaft attached to the drill drive portion. Since it can be adjusted and the drill shaft and the drill shaft guide portion can be reliably aligned, the eccentricity of the drill shaft can be prevented and the assembly workability is excellent.
Here, as a guide adjustment mechanism that adjusts the height of the drill shaft guide part, an elongated adjustment hole is formed in the support part standing on the sliding part of the drill shaft guide part that slides on the rail mount What was used is used suitably. By fixing the guide plate of the drill shaft guide part to the adjustment hole by screwing, etc., the height of the guide plate can be adjusted easily. It is possible to prevent runout of the drill disposed at the tip. In addition, since the guide plate of the drill shaft guide part is detachable from the support part, it is easy to disassemble and assemble and has excellent maintainability.

A seventh aspect of the present invention is the hole drilling device according to any one of the second to sixth aspects, wherein the fixing means fixes both end portions of the workpiece in the longitudinal direction. It has the structure provided with the part.
With this configuration, in addition to the operations of claims 2 to 6, the following operations are provided.
(1) Since the fixing means includes end face fixing portions that fix both ends of the workpiece in the longitudinal direction, the workpiece can be prevented from moving in the longitudinal direction during drilling, and accuracy is ensured. Well drilling can be performed.
Here, the end surface fixing portion is disposed so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction of the rail mount. Thereby, a workpiece can be reliably fixed on a rail mount regardless of the length of the workpiece.

A drilling method according to claim 8 is a drilling step of performing drilling by advancing the drill main body guide part of the drilling device according to any one of claims 1 to 7; A drilling process is performed while repeating a chip discharging step of discharging chips by retreating the drill body guide part.
This configuration has the following effects.
(1) By drilling while repeating the drilling step of drilling by advancing the drill body guide and the chip discharging step of discharging chips by retreating the drill body guide It is possible to prevent chips from being clogged in the processed hole, to reduce the load on the drill, to ensure the straightness of the drill, and to perform drilling with high accuracy.
(2) Since the drilling process is performed while the drilling process and the chip discharging process are repeated, the length of the drill can be shortened, the bending of the drill can be prevented, and the workability can be improved.
Here, the control unit controls the switching timing of the forward / reverse rotation of the drill driving unit and the moving motor, the timing of forward / backward movement, the amount of movement, and the like for each unit. In the case where the two sets of drilling units are arranged symmetrically across the workpiece placement unit, an independent control unit may be provided for each. Automatic operation is performed according to preset machining conditions, and the machining depth (= advance amount) is calculated by calculating the movement distance of the drill main body guide portion based on the number of rotations of the movement motor. Further, a position sensor or the like may be disposed on a rail mount or the like on which the drill main body guide portion is placed, and the position of the drill main body guide portion may be directly detected. This eliminates the need for an operator at all times, and is excellent in labor saving and reliability. Further, the retreat is performed until the tip of the drill comes out of the work piece in order to surely discharge the chips.
In addition, you may drive so that the timing of advance and retreat of the drill main body guide part of each drilling unit may be shifted. Thereby, it can prevent that both drills contact when the processed hole penetrates, and it is excellent in reliability and safety.

As described above, according to the drilling device of the present invention, the following advantageous effects can be obtained.
According to invention of Claim 1, it has the following effects.
(1) A substantially U-shaped or H-shaped rail mount having both side portions and a horizontal guide portion, a guide shaft formed with a male screw on the outer periphery and rotatably disposed on the rail mount, and a male screw of the guide shaft And a drill body guide portion that is slidably mounted on the rail mount and has a guide female screw portion that is screwed together with the guide shaft so that the drill body guide portion can be guided forward and backward by the guide shaft. Therefore, it is possible to provide a highly reliable drilling device that is excellent in the stability of the sliding operation, can ensure the straightness of the drill main body guide portion, and can perform highly accurate drilling.
(2) By having a moving motor connected to the end of the guide shaft, the drill body guide can be easily slid back and forth on the rail mount simply by rotating the guide shaft forward and backward. Since the drill drive section is arranged in the drill body guide section, the drill drive section can be moved back and forth as the drill body guide section slides. It is possible to provide a drilling device excellent in workability and reliability that can easily switch between drilling with a drill during forward movement and chip discharge during backward movement with easy adjustment of the depth.
(3) Since it has one or more drill shaft guide portions that are slidably disposed on the rail mount and support the drill shaft, the deflection of the drill shaft and the deflection of the drill disposed at the tip of the drill shaft are prevented. Therefore, it is possible to provide a drilling apparatus that is excellent in safety of operation, can perform drilling with high accuracy with little misalignment, improves yield, and has excellent productivity.
(4) Providing a drilling device with excellent versatility and workability that can drill multiple holes at the same time when the workpiece is large by having one or more drill drive parts in the drill body guide part can do.

According to invention of Claim 2, in addition to the effect of Claim 1, it has the following effects.
(1) Since the two sets of drilling units are arranged symmetrically across the work piece mounting portion, the work piece can be processed from both ends without being reversed. The number of work steps such as attaching and detaching and positioning can be reduced, so that workability is excellent, processing time can be greatly shortened, productivity is excellent, and through-holes can be formed even for long workpieces. It is possible to provide a drilling device having excellent versatility and functionality.
(2) By having a workpiece placing portion extending on the horizontal guide portion of the rail mount and a fixing means for fixing the workpiece on the workpiece placing portion, the workpiece can be reliably secured A drilling device with excellent workability and reliability that can be fixed, has excellent safety, can easily align the drill and workpiece, and can perform precise drilling. Can be provided.

According to invention of Claim 3, in addition to the effect of Claim 1 or 2, it has the following effects.
(1) A horizontal guide part of the rail mount and / or an engaging part for sliding fitting of a concave line and / or a convex line formed in parallel with the longitudinal direction on both sides, and a convex line and / or on the drill body guide part. Since it has a locking part formed in the concave strip, the drill body guide part can be securely locked to the rail mount, which is excellent in safety, excellent in the stability of the sliding operation of the drill body guide part, and drilling It is possible to provide a highly reliable drilling device that can further improve the processing position accuracy.

According to invention of Claim 4, in addition to the effect of Claims 1 thru | or 3, it has the following effects.
(1) The movement of the drill body guide portion is achieved by the fact that the helical spring that is mounted on the drill shaft is disposed between the drill body guide portion and the drill shaft guide portion and between the plurality of drill shaft guide portions. Along with this, the helical spring expands and contracts, and the drill shaft guide can be moved automatically, providing excellent operability, and supporting the key points of the drill shaft at a predetermined interval in a stable and reliable manner. In addition, it is possible to provide a highly reliable drilling device that can prevent the touch of the drill and ensure the accuracy of the drilling process.

According to invention of Claim 5, in addition to the effect of Claims 2 thru | or 4, it has the following effects.
(1) Since the work piece mounting portion is formed by being divided from the horizontal guide portion of the rail mount, and a leg portion that can move up and down is provided on the lower surface of the work piece mount portion, The height of the workpiece mounting part can be freely adjusted with respect to the drill body guide part placed on the guide part, and it is excellent in operability and the height position of the hole drilled in the workpiece A drilling device with excellent versatility and functionality that can be easily changed and can be drilled at arbitrary height positions on workpieces with different dimensions. Can do.

According to invention of Claim 6, in addition to the effect of Claims 1 thru | or 5, it has the following effects.
(1) By having a guide adjustment mechanism that adjusts the height of the drill shaft guide portion, the height of the drill shaft guide portion can be easily changed when exchanging the drill drive portion or the drill shaft attached to the drill drive portion. Adjustable and excellent workability, and the drill shaft and drill shaft guide can be aligned with certainty, preventing eccentricity of the drill shaft and excellent reliability, as well as excellent assembly workability and maintainability A drilling device can be provided.

According to the invention described in claim 7, in addition to the effects of claims 2 to 6, the following effects are obtained.
(1) Since the fixing means includes end face fixing portions that fix both ends of the workpiece in the longitudinal direction, the workpiece can be prevented from moving in the longitudinal direction during drilling, and safety and reliability are ensured. Therefore, it is possible to provide a drilling apparatus which is excellent in productivity and can perform drilling with high accuracy and high productivity with high yield.

According to the hole making method of the hole making device of the present invention, the following excellent effects can be realized.
According to invention of Claim 8, it has the following effects.
(1) By drilling while repeating the drilling step of drilling by advancing the drill body guide and the chip discharging step of discharging chips by retreating the drill body guide , Prevents clogging of processed holes and excels in machining stability, reduces the load on the drill, has a long service life, ensures straightness of the drill, and accurate drilling Therefore, it is possible to provide a highly reliable drilling method capable of performing the above.
(2) By drilling while repeating the drilling process and the chip discharging process, the drill length can be shortened, so the drill can be manufactured at low cost, and the productivity and marketability are excellent. It is possible to provide a highly reliable drilling method that can prevent the bending of the drill, has excellent long life, and can improve machining accuracy.
(3) Since the drilling process can be performed by a predetermined amount set in advance in the drilling process, it is excellent in the straightness of the drill. By repeating the drilling process and the chip discharging process, the frictional heat can be reduced and the drill can be cooled. It is possible to provide a drilling method that can reduce the risk of heat generation and ignition, has excellent reliability, and can improve the life of the drill and the degree of freedom of design.

Hereinafter, a drilling device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 (a) is a side view of the main part of the drilling device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 1 (b) is a plan view of the main part of the drilling device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 2 is a sectional front view taken along line AA in FIG. 1A, FIG. 3 is a sectional front view taken along line BB in FIG. 1A, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along CC in FIG. It is a line sectional front view.
In FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, 1 is a drilling device, 2 is a rail gantry having a substantially U-shaped cross section having side portions 3a erected on the left and right sides and horizontal guide portions 3b continuously provided on upper surfaces of both side portions 3a Reference numerals 4a and 4b denote groove-shaped sliding fitting engaging portions formed in parallel to the longitudinal direction on the outer surface of both side portions 3a of the rail mount 2 and the upper surface of the horizontal guide portion 3b, respectively. Shaft support portions 4e that are disposed on the side surface and rotatably support the guide shaft 5 are arranged at equal intervals on both side portions 3a of the rail mount 2, and are positions for detecting the horizontal position of the drill body guide portion 7 described later. Sensors 5a are external threads formed on the outer periphery of the guide shaft 5, 6 is a moving motor connected to the end of the guide shaft 5 to rotate the guide shaft 5 forward and reverse, and 7 is guide portions 7a disposed on both sides. And the rail mount 2 connected to the guide portion 7a. A drill main body guide portion 7c having a substantially U-shaped sliding portion 7b slidably mounted on the horizontal guide portion 3b is formed in the guide portion 7a and screwed into the male screw 5a of the guide shaft 5. The guide female thread portions 7d and 7e are formed on both inner sides and bottom of the sliding portion 7b of the drill body guide portion 7 and are fitted on the sliding fitting engaging portions 4a and 4b of the rail mount 2, 8 is an electric drill drive unit in which a fixed part 8a formed on the bottom part is fixed to the upper surface of the sliding part 7b of the drill body guide part 7 by a fixing screw 8b, and 9 is attached to the drill drive part 8 and a drill 9a at the tip. Drill shaft 10 is provided, 10 is a drill shaft guide portion, 11 is a drill that is slidably engaged with a sliding engagement engagement portion 4a of a rail mount 2 by a guide plate engaging portion 11a formed at a lower portion. A support portion of the shaft guide portion 10, 12 is a support portion 1 on both sides A guide plate of the drill shaft guide portion 10 supported in a vertically long adjustment hole 11b formed by a fixing screw 12b so as to be height-adjustable, and 12a is drilled substantially at the center of the guide plate 12 and rotates the drill shaft 9. Guide holes 13 that are supported so as to be capable of being supported are wound around the drill shaft 9, and are helical springs disposed between the drill body guide portion 8 and the drill shaft guide portion 11 and between the plurality of drill shaft guide portions 11, 15 Has a rail mount 2, a guide shaft 5, a moving motor 6, a drill body guide portion 7, a drill drive portion 8, a drill shaft 9 with a drill 9a disposed at the tip, a drill shaft guide portion 10 and a helical spring 13. A set of perforating units, 16 is a work piece placing portion that is separated from the rail mount 2, and 17 is a bolt shaft 17a and a bolt shaft that are screwed vertically to the work piece placing portion 16. Connected to the tip of 17a The leg part 20 of the workpiece mounting part 16 which has the bolt axis | shaft rotation part 17b which is provided and rotates the bolt axis | shaft 17a forward / reversely presses the workpiece 30 to be drilled from both sides, respectively. It is a fixing means having a cylinder part 20a and a receiving part 20b fixed on the mounting part 16.
Note that one moving motor 6 may be provided, and the two guide shafts 5 may be simultaneously driven by a gear. Thereby, the drill main body guide part 7 can be slid more stably. Further, the drilling unit 15 may be provided with two or more drill driving portions 8, and the two drill shafts 9 are driven by combining one drill driving portion 8 with a gear, a chain or the like. It may be. As a result, a plurality of holes can be simultaneously drilled in a large-section pillar material or the like, and the workability is excellent.
FIG. 5 shows an overall side view of the hole punching apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
In FIG. 5, reference numeral 50 denotes a base on which the drilling device 1 is installed, and reference numeral 55 denotes a support base that supports the drilling units 15 that are arranged symmetrically with the workpiece placement unit 16 in between.

The operation of the hole punching device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention configured as described above will be described below with reference to the drawings.
First, the workpiece 30 is fixed on the workpiece mounting portion 16 by the fixing means 20. The cylinder portion 20 a and the receiving portion 20 b of the fixing means 20 move in a symmetrical manner with respect to the axis of the drill shaft 9 of the drill driving portion 8, so that the drill shaft 9 does not depend on the width of the workpiece 30. The axial center and the center of the workpiece 30 in the width direction are made to coincide. Further, the height adjustment mechanism 17 adjusts the height of the workpiece mounting portion 16 to determine the height position of the hole drilled in the workpiece 30.
The drill drive unit 8 rotates the drill shaft 9 having the drill 9a disposed at the tip thereof, and the moving motor 6 rotates the guide shaft 5 to advance the drill body guide unit 7 toward the workpiece 30. Drill holes. As the drill main body guide portion 7 advances, the spiral spring 13 mounted on the drill shaft 9 contracts while the drill shaft guide portion 11 is slid in the direction of travel while the drill shaft 9 is supported uniformly. 9 is prevented from bending and shaking. When the drilling process of a predetermined depth is completed, the moving motor 6 and the drill shaft 9 are rotated in the reverse direction, and the drill body guide portion 7 is retracted while discharging chips. When the drill main body guide portion 7 is retracted, the helical spring 13 that is mounted on the drill shaft 9 expands, and the drill shaft guide portion 11 automatically returns to the initial position.
The forward and backward movement of the drill main body guide portion 7 is controlled by a plurality of position sensors 4e disposed at equal intervals on the side portion 3a of the rail mount 2. When the drill main body guide part 7 advances to the position of the first position sensor 4e, the drill main body guide part 7 is retracted and the position sensor 4e is turned off. Next, when the drill main body guide portion 7 moves forward, the first position sensor 4e is turned off. Therefore, the drill main body guide portion 7 starts to retreat at the position of the second position sensor 4e, and the second position sensor 4e. Turn off. By repeating the above operations, the drilling progresses while repeating the drilling process by the forward movement and the discharge of the chips by the backward movement, and it is possible to drill a deep hole with high accuracy.
In the first embodiment, the position of the drill main body guide portion 7 is detected by the position sensor 4e, but may be detected by the number of rotations of the moving motor 6 that rotates the guide shaft 5 forward and backward.

As described above, according to the drilling device in the first embodiment, the following functions are provided.
(1) A rail frame having a substantially U-shaped cross section having both sides and a horizontal guide part, a guide shaft formed with a male screw on the outer periphery and rotatably disposed on the rail frame, and a male screw of the guide shaft Since the drill body guide portion can be guided by the guide shaft by having a drill body guide portion that has a female thread portion for guide and is slidably mounted on the rail mount, the sliding operation can be performed. It can be stabilized, and the straightness of the drill body guide portion can be ensured.
(2) By having the moving motor connected to the end portion of the guide shaft, the drill body guide portion can be easily slid back and forth on the rail mount simply by rotating the guide shaft forward and backward.
(3) By having a drill drive unit disposed in the drill body guide unit, a drill shaft mounted on the drill drive unit, and a drill disposed at the tip of the drill shaft, the slide of the drill body guide unit is provided. The drill drive with the drill attached to the tip can be moved back and forth according to the movement, so that the drilling accuracy can be improved, drilling during drilling and chip discharge during retraction Can be easily switched, so that workability can be improved.
(4) Since it has one or more drill shaft guide portions that are slidably disposed on the rail mount and support the drill shaft, the deflection of the drill shaft and the deflection of the drill disposed at the tip of the drill shaft are prevented. Therefore, it is possible to perform drilling with high accuracy with little misalignment.
(5) By having a fixing means for fixing the workpiece to be drilled by the drill on the rail mount, the workpiece can be securely fixed, and the alignment between the drill and the workpiece is easy. Therefore, it is possible to perform drilling with high accuracy.
(6) Since the two sets of drilling units are arranged symmetrically across the workpiece placement part, the workpiece can be processed from both ends, so that the processing time is greatly reduced. And a through hole can be formed for a long workpiece.
(7) Since the two sets of drilling units are arranged symmetrically across the work piece mounting portion, it is possible to form through holes by processing from both ends without inverting the work piece. Therefore, work man-hours such as attachment / detachment and positioning of a workpiece can be reduced, and workability can be improved.
(8) Since the rail guide has the horizontal guide part and the engaging part for the sliding fitting of the concave line formed in parallel with the longitudinal direction on both sides, and the locking part formed on the drill body guide part. The drill body guide portion can be reliably locked to the rail mount, and the sliding operation of the drill body guide portion can be stabilized.
(9) The movement of the drill body guide portion is achieved by the fact that the helical springs that are mounted on the drill shaft are disposed between the drill body guide portion and the drill shaft guide portion and between the plurality of drill shaft guide portions. Along with this, the helical spring expands and contracts, and the drill shaft guide can be moved automatically, so that the drill shaft can be supported stably and the drill shaft is securely supported to prevent touching the drill. it can.
(10) The workpiece mounting portion is formed by being divided from the horizontal guide portion of the rail mount, and has a leg portion that can move up and down on the lower surface of the workpiece mounting portion, so that the rail mount horizontal Since the height of the workpiece mounting portion can be freely adjusted with respect to the drill body guide portion placed on the guide portion, the position in the height direction of the hole drilled in the workpiece can be easily set It is possible to change, and it is possible to perform drilling at arbitrary height positions on workpieces having different dimensions.
(11) By having a guide adjustment mechanism that adjusts the height of the drill shaft guide portion, the height of the drill shaft guide portion can be easily changed when exchanging the drill drive portion or the drill shaft attached to the drill drive portion. Since it can be adjusted and the drill shaft and the drill shaft guide portion can be reliably aligned, the eccentricity of the drill shaft can be prevented and the assembly workability is excellent.
(12) Since the fixing means includes end face fixing portions that fix both end portions of the workpiece in the longitudinal direction, the workpiece can be prevented from moving in the longitudinal direction during drilling, and accuracy is ensured. Well drilling can be performed.

According to the drilling method in Embodiment 1, it has the following operations.
(1) By drilling while repeating the drilling step of drilling by advancing the drill body guide and the chip discharging step of discharging chips by retreating the drill body guide It is possible to prevent chips from being clogged in the processed hole, to reduce the load on the drill, to ensure the straightness of the drill, and to perform drilling with high accuracy.
(2) Since the drilling process is performed while the drilling process and the chip discharging process are repeated, the length of the drill can be shortened, the bending of the drill can be prevented, and the workability can be improved.
(3) Since the drilling process can be performed by a predetermined amount set in advance in the drilling process, it is excellent in the straightness of the drill. By repeating the drilling process and the chip discharging process, the frictional heat can be reduced and the drill can be cooled. It is possible to reduce the risk of heat generation and ignition, and improve the drill life and design freedom.

  The present invention prevents drill run-out during drilling, enables high-accuracy machining, is highly reliable, and allows easy and accurate alignment between the workpiece and the drill. It is easy to form through-holes in the longitudinal direction on the small edge of a long workpiece, and it has excellent workability and versatility. It can be suitably used for forming a through-hole for preventing the occurrence of problems such as cracking and warping during drying without causing a decrease in strength.

(A) The principal part side view of the hole making apparatus in Embodiment 1 of this invention (b) The principal part top view of the hole making apparatus in Embodiment 1 of this invention AA line sectional front view in FIG. BB sectional front view in FIG. CC sectional front view in FIG. Whole side view of drilling device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Drilling device 2 Rail mount frame 3a Side part 3b Horizontal guide part 4a, 4b Sliding fitting engaging part 4c, 4d Shaft support part 4e Position sensor 5 Guide shaft 5a Male screw 6 Motor for movement 7 Drill main body guide part 7a Guide part 7b Sliding part 7c Female thread part for guide 7d, 7e Locking part 8 Drill driving part 8a Fixing part 8b Fixing screw 9 Drill shaft 9a Drill 10 Drill shaft guide part 11 Supporting part 11a Guide plate locking part 11b Adjustment hole 12 Guide plate 12a Guide hole 12b Fixing screw 13 Spiral spring 15 Drilling unit 16 Workpiece placing portion 17 Leg portion 17a Bolt shaft 17b Bolt shaft rotating portion 20 Fixing means 20a Cylinder 20b Receiving portion 30 Workpiece 50 Base 55 Support base

Claims (8)

  A rail frame having a substantially U-shaped or H-shaped cross section having a horizontal guide portion provided continuously on both sides and the upper surface of the both sides, and a male screw formed on the outer periphery, and rotatably disposed on the rail frame. A guide shaft, a moving motor that is connected to the end of the guide shaft and rotates the guide shaft forward and backward, and a guide female screw portion that is screwed with the male screw of the guide shaft, and slides on the rail mount. A drill body guide portion movably mounted, one or more drill drive portions disposed on the drill body guide portion, a drill shaft mounted on the drill drive portion, and a tip of the drill shaft. A pair of drilling units each having a drill provided and one or more drill shaft guide portions that are slidably disposed on the rail mount and support the drill shaft; Drilling device   The workpiece mounting part extended in the horizontal guide part of the rail mount, and a fixing means for fixing the workpiece on the workpiece mounting part, A drilling apparatus, wherein two sets of drilling units are arranged symmetrically across the workpiece placing portion.   The horizontal guide portion and / or both side portions of the rail pedestal have a concave fitting and / or a convex fitting formed in a ridge parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rail pedestal, and the drill body guide portion is 3. The drilling device according to claim 1, further comprising a locking portion that is formed in a protruding line and / or a recessed line and is locked to the sliding fitting engaging portion.   2. A helical spring that is mounted on the drill shaft and disposed between the drill body guide portion and the drill shaft guide portion and between the plurality of drill shaft guide portions. The drilling device according to any one of 3.   The workpiece mounting portion is formed by being divided from the horizontal guide portion of the rail mount, and includes a leg portion that can move up and down on a lower surface of the workpiece mounting portion. Item 5. A drilling device according to any one of Items 2 to 4.   The drilling device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a guide adjustment mechanism that adjusts a height of the drill shaft guide portion.   The drilling device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the fixing means includes end surface fixing portions for fixing both end portions in the longitudinal direction of the workpiece. A drilling step of drilling by advancing the drill body guide part of the drilling device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and chipping by retreating the drill body guide part. A drilling method comprising performing a drilling process while repeating a chip discharging process.

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