JP4432511B2 - Turbocharger - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a supercharger, and more particularly, to one that efficiently recovers lubricating oil used in a bearing that supports a rotating shaft member of the supercharger.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a conventional supercharger 100.

Conventionally, the lubricating oil used for the hydrodynamic bearing 104 that supports the rotating shaft member 102 is discharged to the internal space 114 of the casing 112 through the space 108 provided on the turbine 106 side, the notch 110, and the like. A turbocharger 100 having a configuration is known. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 57-119165

By the way, in the conventional turbocharger 100, it is necessary to collect the lubricating oil from the fluid bearing 104 not only from the end portion 102A on the turbine 106 side of the rotating shaft member 102 but also from the end portion 102B side on the compressor 116 side. is there. Then, in order to efficiently discharge the lubricating oil discharged from the both ends into the internal space 114 to the outside of the housing 112, an opening 118 is provided at an intermediate portion between the ends 102A and 102B. .

Further, since the notch 110 extends in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the rotation center axis of the rotating shaft member 102, the lubricating oil discharged from the fluid bearing 104 is moved in the direction of the arrow AR11 or AR13 (described above). For example, a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the rotation center axis of the rotation shaft member 102).

Since there is no opening 118 in the direction of the arrows AR11 and AR13, the lubricating oil discharged in the direction of the arrows AR11 and AR13 hits the inner wall 114A of the internal space 114.

Here, there is no particular problem if the amount of discharged lubricating oil is small, but the rotating shaft member 102 rotates, for example, 100,000 rotations per minute. Therefore, the amount of discharged lubricating oil is large and the flow rate is high.

Therefore, the discharged lubricating oil collides with the inner wall 114A of the internal space 114 and bounces off, accumulates in a ring-shaped space (space formed on the back side) 114B, and approaches the opening 118. Is difficult to be discharged, and the lubricating oil used for the fluid bearing 102 cannot be discharged efficiently.

The above problem has become more prominent in superchargers that meet the demand for higher efficiency in recent years. This is because in order to increase the efficiency of the supercharger, the rotational speed of the rotary shaft member 102 is further increased and the flow rate of the lubricating oil used for the fluid bearing 104 is increased.

  In addition, the above problem may occur on the compressor 116 side.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and includes a housing, a rotating shaft member that rotates with respect to the housing through a bearing inside the housing, and one end portion of the rotating shaft member. a compressor provided in, and a turbine provided on the other end of the rotating shaft member, the supercharger internal space is provided around the bearing inside the housing, to the bearing It aims at providing the supercharger which can collect | recover the used lubricating oil efficiently.

The invention according to claim 1 is a housing, a rotating shaft member that rotates with respect to the housing through a bearing inside the housing, a compressor provided at one end of the rotating shaft member, A turbocharger comprising a turbine provided at the other end of the rotary shaft member, and an internal space provided around the bearing in the housing , wherein the interior from the bearing side in the housing A through hole penetrating to the space, and a portion between the inner space and the turbine end of the bearing between the bearing and the casing and between the bearing and the rotary shaft member A ring-shaped space is provided in which the lubricating oil that has come out from between the two can be temporarily stored, and the through hole allows the lubricating oil used in the bearing to be extracted from the bearing to the outside of the housing. Connected with the above internal space to discharge into Extending toward the opening of the fluid discharge hole provided in the casing in a direction obliquely intersecting with the extending direction of the rotation center axis of the rotating shaft member, and the ring-shaped It is formed across the space and the turbine side portion of the bearing.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the turbocharger according to the first aspect, the bearing is a semi-float type fluid bearing, and an outer diameter portion is engaged with a hole provided in the casing. And a bush that rotatably supports the rotating shaft member at the inner diameter portion.

According to the present invention, a housing, a rotating shaft member that rotates with respect to the housing through a bearing inside the housing, a compressor provided at one end of the rotating shaft member, and the rotating shaft And a turbine provided at the other end of the member, and in a turbocharger provided with an internal space around the bearing inside the casing, the lubricating oil used in the bearing is efficiently recovered. There is an effect that can be done.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a supercharger 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  The supercharger 1 is used as a supercharger such as a piston engine, for example, and includes a housing 3.

  A rotation shaft member 5 that rotates with respect to the housing 3 is provided inside the housing 3, and the rotation shaft member 5 rotates with respect to the housing 3 via a fluid bearing 7. It is free.

  A centrifugal compressor 9 is provided on one end side 5 </ b> A of the rotary shaft member 5, and a centrifugal turbine 11 is provided on the other end side 5 </ b> B of the rotary shaft member 5. More specifically, the compressor blade 9A of the compressor 9, the turbine blade 11A of the turbine 11 and the rotary shaft member 5 are integrally formed and rotate together.

  As described above, the supercharger 1 is used in a reciprocating engine or a rotary engine. For example, the turbine 11 is rotationally driven by high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas emitted from a 4-cycle piston engine, and the rotation causes the above-described turbocharger 1 to rotate. The compressor 9 is driven to rotate, and compressed air obtained by the rotation of the compressor 9 is supplied to the engine.

  The compressed air is used for combustion of fuel in the cylinder of the engine, and the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas (combustion gas for rotating the turbine 11) is discharged by this combustion.

  An internal space 13 is provided in the housing 3 and around the fluid bearing 7.

  The internal space 13 is formed by the turbine side portion 13A (ring-shaped back side portion 13A), the compressor side portion 13B, and the central portion 13C in the extending direction of the rotation center axis CL1 of the rotary shaft member 5. Has been. An opening 15 is provided in the central portion 13C.

The reason why the turbine side portion 13A is formed is to prevent the lubricating oil coming out of the fluid bearing 7 from leaking to the turbine 11 side. That is, by forming the turbine side portion 13A, the lubricating oil that has come out from the end of the fluid bearing 7 (end on the turbine 11 side) does not leak out to the turbine 11 side. . The compressor side portion 13B is also formed for the same reason.

Further, a ring-shaped seal member 12 for preventing leakage of lubricating oil is provided between the turbine side portion 13A and the turbine 11, and between the compressor side portion 13B and the compressor 9 is provided. A ring-shaped seal member 14 for preventing leakage of the lubricating oil is provided.

  Next, the fluid bearing 7 will be described in detail.

  The fluid bearing 7 includes a thrust bearing 17 for preventing the rotating shaft member 5 from moving in the extending direction of the rotation center axis CL1, and the rotating shaft member 5 with respect to the extending direction of the rotation center axis CL1. It is comprised by the radial bearing 19 for preventing moving to the orthogonal direction. The thrust bearing 17 is generally provided on the compressor 9 side where the temperature rise is small.

  The thrust bearing 17 includes a ring-shaped member 21 provided integrally with the rotary shaft member 5, and the ring-shaped member 21 is a ring-shaped member provided integrally with the housing 3. 23 and 25 are sandwiched.

  A slight ring-shaped gap G1 is formed between the member 21 and the member 23, and a small ring-shaped gap G3 is formed between the member 21 and the member 25. Has been.

Lubricating oil for the engine is supplied through the through hole 27 provided in the housing 3, and the supplied lubricating oil is sent to the gaps G1 and G3 to form a fluid bearing 17. The lubricating oil that has come out of the gaps G1 and G3 is discharged toward the opening 15 as indicated by arrows AR1 and AR5, for example.

The radial bearing 19 is provided with a bush 29 having a cylindrical shape, (both end portions in the extending direction of the rotation center axis CL1) 29A both ends of the bushing 29, each outer diameter of the 29B side, provided in the housing 3 The cylindrical hole 31 is engaged. Here, the outer diameter of the bush 29 on the both end portions 29 </ b> A and 29 </ b> B side is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the hole 31, and a thin cylinder is provided between the housing 3 and the bush 29. A gap G5 is formed.

  Further, the inner diameters of the bush 29 on the both end portions 29 </ b> A and 29 </ b> B side are engaged with the cylindrical rotary shaft member 5. Here, the inner diameter of the bush 29 on the both end portions 29 </ b> A and 29 </ b> B side is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the rotary shaft member 5, and between the rotary shaft member 5 and the bush 29. A thin cylindrical gap G7 is formed.

  A ring-shaped space SP1 is formed on the outer diameter side of the central portion of the bush 29, and a ring-shaped space SP3 is formed on the inner diameter side. The spaces SP1 and SP3 communicate with each other through a through hole 28 provided in the bush 29.

The bush 29 is supported by a pin 33. The bush 29 is slightly moved with respect to the housing 3, and the rotary shaft member 5 is rotatable at the inner diameter portion of the bush 29. The bearing configured in this way is called a semi-float type fluid bearing.

A configuration in which the pin 33 is removed from the semi-float type fluid bearing and the bush 29 is rotatable with respect to the housing 3 is referred to as a full float type fluid bearing. In the present embodiment, a semi-float type is described, but the present embodiment can be applied even to a full float type fluid bearing.

Further, in a portion between the internal space 13 (internal space 13A) and the end portion 29B of the bush 29 on the turbine 11 side, the bush 29 and the casing 3 and the bush 29 and the rotation are provided. the shaft member 5 between the (gap G5, G7) small ring-shaped space 35 which exits coming lubricating oil (lubricating oil used in the fluid bearing 7) can be stored in the primary since it is provided.

When a part of the lubricating oil supplied through the through hole 27 passes through the spaces SP1 and SP3 and passes through the gaps G5 and G7, a radial bearing (radial bearing on the compressor 9 side) 19 is formed. When the other lubricating oil passes through the spaces SP1 and SP3 and passes through the gaps G5 and G7, a radial bearing (radial bearing on the turbine 11 side) 19 is formed.

In addition, the lubricating oil which comprises the radial bearing 19 by the side of the turbine 11 passes through the ring-shaped space 35 and the through-hole 37, and is carried out like arrow AR3. On the other hand, the lubricating oil constituting the radial bearing 19 on the compressor 9 side is supplied to the thrust bearing 17 and carried out as indicated by the arrows AR1 and AR5.

The discharged lubricating oil is returned to the engine and supplied again through the through hole 27.

Here, the through-hole 37 will be described. The through-hole 37 is a hole penetrating from the fluid bearing 7 side on the turbine 11 side to the internal space 13 in the casing 37 , and as described above, the fluid It is a through hole for carrying out the lubricating oil used for the bearing 7 to the outside of the fluid bearing 7.

Further, the through hole 37 is provided in the housing 3 in connection with the internal space 13 in order to discharge the lubricating oil used in the fluid bearing 7 from the fluid bearing 7 to the outside of the housing 3. It is formed to extend linearly in a direction obliquely intersecting with the extending direction of the rotation center axis CL of the rotating shaft member 5 toward the opening 15 of the fluid discharge hole.

In other words, the through hole 37 penetrates from the end of the fluid bearing 7 on the turbine 11 side and the vicinity thereof to the internal space 13, and the through hole 37 was used for the fluid bearing 7. It can be said that when the lubricating oil is carried out of the fluid bearing 7, the lubricating oil includes a speed component in a direction away from the turbine 11.

  The casing 3 is integrally formed as one part by casting, for example, and the through hole 37 is a through hole provided in the casing 3 for providing the opening 15 and the turbine 11. The hole 38 has a shape that can be formed by machining (for example, drilling or end milling).

  The through hole 37 may be processed and formed only from the opening 15, the through hole 37 may be processed and formed only from the through hole 38, or the through hole 37 may be formed. You may enable it to process and form from both the opening part 15 and the through-hole 38. FIG.

  The through-hole 37 is formed across the ring-shaped space 35 and the turbine-side portion 29 </ b> B of the bush 29.

  That is, if the one through-hole 37 is provided in a straight line, the ring-shaped space 35 and the outer side surface of the bush 29 are passed through the through-hole 37 and the opening 15 of the housing 3. A part (part 29B in the vicinity of the end face on the turbine 11 side) can be seen.

According to the supercharger 1, the through hole 37 extends from the fluid bearing 7 toward the opening 15 in a direction obliquely intersecting with the extending direction of the rotation center axis CL <b> 1 of the rotating shaft member 5. Therefore, the lubricating oil discharged from the through-hole 37 is in a direction substantially perpendicular to the rotation center axis CL1 of the rotary shaft member 5 as in the conventional supercharger 100 and into the opening 15. It is possible to prevent discharge in a direction (direction directed downward from the ring-shaped space 35 shown in FIG. 1; direction indicated by an arrow AR11 in FIG. 2).

Further, when the downward discharge is not performed, for example, a portion that obstructs the flow of the lubricating oil between the inner space 13A and the opening 15 (the lubricating oil strikes the inner wall of the housing 3 vigorously). less likely to be formed barrier) generated by, it is possible to prevent the lubricating oil stays in the back side space 13A, etc., a lubricating oil used in the fluid bearing 7 can be efficiently recovered . That is, the lubricating oil can be efficiently discharged to the outside of the housing 3.

Furthermore, since it is possible to prevent the lubricating oil from staying in the inner space 13A, leakage of the lubricating oil to the turbine 11 can be prevented.

  Moreover, according to the supercharger 1, the said housing | casing 3 is integrally formed, and the said through-hole 37 can be formed by machining from the through-hole 38 for providing the said opening part 15 and the said turbine 11. FIG. Therefore, the housing 3 can be manufactured at a lower cost than the division, and the through-hole 37 is easily formed.

Further, if the conventional casing is used as it is and the through-hole 37 is formed, for example, when the casing is a casting, a wooden pattern or the like is used without making a major design change. It is possible to provide a supercharger capable of efficiently discharging lubricating oil without changing.

  Moreover, if it is a shape which can be formed from the said opening part 15 by machining, the form (a magnitude | size and the crossing angle with respect to the rotation center axis CL1 of the rotating shaft member 5) of the said through-hole 37 can be made free.

Incidentally, as described above, the thrust bearing 17 of the fluid bearing 7 is provided on the compressor 9 side . Accordingly, the lubricating oil discharged from the end of the fluid bearing on the compressor 9 side is the ring-shaped member 23 forming the thrust bearing 17 and the ring-shaped recess formed on this member (the side opposite to the compressor). It is easy to be discharged toward the opening 15 by the recess 23 </ b> A formed in the opening 15. Therefore, there is little need to provide the through hole 37 on the compressor 9 side as provided on the turbine 11 side.

On the other hand, on the turbine 11 side, the member 23 forming the thrust bearing 17 does not exist, and the lubricating oil discharged from the fluid bearing 7 tends to go to the turbine 11 side.

Therefore, leakage of lubricating oil to the turbine 11 can be prevented by suitably providing the through hole 37 on the turbine 11 side as described above.

Further, according to the supercharger 1, a small ring-shaped space 35 in which the lubricating oil used in the fluid bearing 7 can be temporarily stored is provided in a portion of the fluid bearing 7 on the turbine 11 side. Therefore, the lubricating oil can be temporarily recovered in the space 35, and the fluid bearing 7 is of a semi-float type, so that the fluid bearing can be formed at a lower cost than the full float type. Furthermore, since the through hole 37 can be formed across the ring-shaped space 35 and the turbine-side portion 29B of the bush 29, the diameter of the through hole 37 can be increased. The through hole 37 can be easily formed and the lubricating oil can be discharged more efficiently.

Incidentally, the intended full-float type, forming a through-hole 37 extending over as described above, since without the outer diameter portion is also sliding pair of bushings 29, will be part of the fluid bearing is impaired, preferably not, but semi-float type fluid bearing of the outer diameter portion is not without a sliding pair of bushings 29, almost no problem to form a through-hole 37 over as described above.

  In the above embodiment, the thrust bearing 17 is provided on the compressor 9 side, but the thrust bearing 17 may be provided on the turbine 11 side. In this case, the through hole 37 is provided on the compressor 9 side.

It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the supercharger which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the conventional supercharger.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Supercharger 3 Housing | casing 5 Rotating shaft member 7 Fluid bearing 9 Compressor 11 Turbine 13 Internal space 15 Opening part 29 Bush 35 Space 37 Through-hole

Claims (2)

A housing, a rotating shaft member that rotates relative to the housing through a bearing inside the housing, a compressor provided at one end of the rotating shaft member, and the other end of the rotating shaft member A turbocharger provided with an internal space around the bearing inside the housing;
Comprising a through hole penetrating from the bearing side to the internal space in the housing;
Lubricating oil that comes out between the bearing and the casing and between the bearing and the rotary shaft member is primarily placed in a portion between the internal space and the end of the bearing on the turbine side. A ring-shaped space that can be stored in
The through hole is connected to the internal space in order to discharge the lubricating oil used in the bearing from the bearing to the outside of the casing, and to the opening of the fluid discharge hole provided in the casing. And extending in a direction obliquely intersecting the extending direction of the rotation center axis of the rotating shaft member, and extending across the ring-shaped space and the turbine side portion of the bearing. A turbocharger characterized by The turbocharger according to claim 1, wherein
The bearing is a semi-float type fluid bearing, and includes a bush whose outer diameter portion engages with a hole provided in the housing and rotatably supports the rotating shaft member at the inner diameter portion. A turbocharger characterized by that.

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