JP2005214094A - Supercharger - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently collect fluid that has been used for a fluid bearing, in a supercharger having an inner space formed inside a casing and around the fluid bearing. <P>SOLUTION: The supercharger 1 comprises, a rotational shaft member 5 rotating with respect to the casing 3 in the casing 3 and through the fluid bearing 7, a compressor 9, and a turbine 11, wherein the inner space 13 is formed inside the casing 3 and around the fluid bearing 7. The supercharger has a through hole 37 passing from the fluid bearing 7 to the inner space 13. The through hole 37 extends from the fluid bearing 7 toward an opening part 15 of a fluid discharge port in a direction obliquely intersecting with an extending direction of the rotation center CL1 of the rotational shaft member 5. The fluid discharge port is formed to the casing 3 to be connected to the inner space 13 so as to discharge the liquid that has been used in the fluid bearing 7 to the outside of the casing 3. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a supercharger, and more particularly to an apparatus that efficiently recovers a fluid used in a fluid bearing that supports a rotating shaft member of the supercharger.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a conventional supercharger 100.

Conventionally, fluid such as lubricating oil used in the fluid bearing 104 that supports the rotating shaft member 102 is passed through the space 108 provided on the turbine 106 side, the notch 110, and the like, and the internal space 114 of the housing 112. There is known a supercharger 100 having a structure for discharging the air to the tank. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 57-119165

  By the way, in the conventional turbocharger 100, it is necessary to collect the fluid from the fluid bearing 104 not only from the end portion 102A on the turbine 106 side of the rotating shaft member 102 but also from the end portion 102B side on the compressor 116 side. . Then, in order to efficiently discharge the fluid discharged from the both ends to the internal space 114 to the outside of the housing 112, an opening 118 is provided at an intermediate portion between the ends 102A and 102B.

  In addition, since the notch 110 extends in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the rotation center axis of the rotating shaft member 102, the fluid discharged from the fluid bearing 104 moves in the direction of the arrow AR11 or AR13 (the rotation The shaft member 102 is ejected vigorously in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the rotation center axis of the shaft member 102 or the like.

  Since the opening 118 does not exist in the direction of the arrows AR11 and AR13, the fluid discharged in the direction of the arrow AR11 and AR13 hits the inner wall 114A of the internal space 114.

  Here, there is no particular problem if the amount of fluid discharged is small, but the rotating shaft member 102 rotates, for example, 100,000 rotations per minute. Therefore, the amount of fluid discharged is large and the flow rate is high.

  Therefore, the discharged fluid hits and rebounds on the inner wall 114A of the inner space 114 and accumulates in a ring-shaped space (space formed on the back side) 114B. There is a problem that the fluid used in the fluid bearing 102 cannot be efficiently discharged because it is difficult to be discharged.

  The above problem has become more prominent in superchargers that meet the demand for higher efficiency in recent years. This is because in order to increase the efficiency of the supercharger, the rotational speed of the rotary shaft member 102 is further increased and the flow rate of the fluid used for the fluid bearing 104 is increased.

  In addition, the above problem may occur on the compressor 116 side.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and includes a housing, a rotating shaft member that rotates with respect to the housing through a fluid bearing inside the housing, and one end of the rotating shaft member. A turbocharger comprising a compressor provided at a portion and a turbine provided at the other end of the rotary shaft member, wherein an internal space is provided around the fluid bearing inside the housing. An object of the present invention is to provide a supercharger that can efficiently recover the fluid used in the fluid bearing.

  The invention according to claim 1 is a housing, a rotating shaft member that rotates relative to the housing through a fluid bearing inside the housing, and a compressor that is provided at one end of the rotating shaft member. And a turbine provided at the other end of the rotary shaft member, wherein the internal space is provided around the fluid bearing in the housing, from the fluid bearing to the internal space. A fluid provided in the housing in connection with the internal space in order to discharge the fluid used in the fluid bearing from the fluid bearing to the outside of the housing. In the supercharger, the through hole is formed by extending in a direction obliquely intersecting the extending direction of the rotation center axis of the rotating shaft member toward the opening of the discharge hole.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the supercharger according to the first aspect, the casing is integrally formed, and the through hole is provided for installing the opening and / or the turbine. It is a supercharger which is a shape which can be formed by machining from a through hole.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the supercharger according to the first or second aspect, the through hole penetrates from the fluid bearing end on the turbine side and the vicinity thereof to the internal space. It is a supercharger that is a hole.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the turbocharger according to any one of the first to third aspects, the fluid bearing is engaged with an outer diameter so as to move slightly with respect to the housing. A semi-float type that includes a bush that is coupled, and that rotatably supports the rotary shaft member with an inner diameter of the bush, and is a portion of the fluid bearing on the turbine side, the inner space and In the portion between the bush and the end on the turbine side, the fluid that comes out between the bush and the casing and between the bush and the rotary shaft member can be temporarily stored. The turbocharger is provided with a small ring-shaped space, and the through hole is formed across the ring-shaped space and the turbine side portion of the bush.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a housing, a rotating shaft member that rotates with respect to the housing through a fluid bearing inside the housing, and a compressor that is provided at one end of the rotating shaft member. And a turbine provided at the other end of the rotary shaft member, wherein the fluid bearing end on the turbine side is provided in a turbocharger provided with an internal space around the fluid bearing inside the housing. And a through hole penetrating from the vicinity thereof to the internal space. The through hole is formed in a direction away from the turbine when the fluid used in the fluid bearing is carried out of the fluid bearing. It is a supercharger which is a through hole formed in a shape in which the fluid contains a velocity component.

  According to the present invention, a housing, a rotating shaft member that rotates with respect to the housing through a fluid bearing inside the housing, a compressor provided at one end of the rotating shaft member, and the rotation And a turbine provided at the other end of the shaft member, and in a turbocharger in which an internal space is provided around the fluid bearing inside the housing, the fluid used for the fluid bearing is efficiently There is an effect that it can be recovered well.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a supercharger 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  The supercharger 1 is used as a supercharger such as a piston engine, for example, and includes a housing 3.

  A rotation shaft member 5 that rotates with respect to the housing 3 is provided inside the housing 3, and the rotation shaft member 5 rotates with respect to the housing 3 via a fluid bearing 7. It is free.

  A centrifugal compressor 9 is provided on one end side 5 </ b> A of the rotary shaft member 5, and a centrifugal turbine 11 is provided on the other end side 5 </ b> B of the rotary shaft member 5. More specifically, the compressor blade 9A of the compressor 9, the turbine blade 11A of the turbine 11 and the rotary shaft member 5 are integrally formed and rotate together.

  As described above, the supercharger 1 is used in a reciprocating engine or a rotary engine. For example, the turbine 11 is rotationally driven by high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas emitted from a 4-cycle piston engine, and the rotation causes the above-described turbocharger 1 to rotate. The compressor 9 is driven to rotate, and compressed air obtained by the rotation of the compressor 9 is supplied to the engine.

  The compressed air is used for combustion of fuel in the cylinder of the engine, and the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas (combustion gas for rotating the turbine 11) is discharged by this combustion.

  An internal space 13 is provided in the housing 3 and around the fluid bearing 7.

  The internal space 13 is formed by the turbine side portion 13A (ring-shaped back side portion 13A), the compressor side portion 13B, and the central portion 13C in the extending direction of the rotation center axis CL1 of the rotary shaft member 5. Has been. An opening 15 is provided in the central portion 13C.

  The reason why the turbine side portion 13A is formed is to prevent fluid (for example, lubricating oil such as oil) coming out of the fluid bearing 7 from leaking to the turbine 11 side. That is, by forming the turbine side portion 13A, the fluid that has come out from the end portion of the fluid bearing 7 (end portion on the turbine 11 side) does not leak to the turbine 11 side. The compressor side portion 13B is also formed for the same reason.

  In addition, a ring-shaped seal member 12 for preventing fluid leakage is provided between the turbine side portion 13A and the turbine 11, and between the compressor side portion 13B and the compressor 9, A ring-shaped sealing member 14 for preventing fluid leakage is provided.

  Next, the fluid bearing 7 will be described in detail.

  The fluid bearing 7 includes a thrust bearing 17 for preventing the rotating shaft member 5 from moving in the extending direction of the rotation center axis CL1, and the rotating shaft member 5 with respect to the extending direction of the rotation center axis CL1. It is comprised by the radial bearing 19 for preventing moving to the orthogonal direction. The thrust bearing 17 is generally provided on the compressor 9 side where the temperature rise is small.

  The thrust bearing 17 includes a ring-shaped member 21 provided integrally with the rotary shaft member 5, and the ring-shaped member 21 is a ring-shaped member provided integrally with the housing 3. 23 and 25 are sandwiched.

  A slight ring-shaped gap G1 is formed between the member 21 and the member 23, and a small ring-shaped gap G3 is formed between the member 21 and the member 25. Has been.

  Lubricating oil for the engine is supplied through the through hole 27 provided in the housing 3, and the supplied lubricating oil is sent to the gaps G1 and G3 to form a fluid bearing 17. The fluid that has come out of the gaps G1 and G3 is discharged toward the opening 15 as indicated by arrows AR1 and AR5, for example.

  The radial bearing 19 includes a cylindrical bush 29. The outer diameters of both ends (both ends in the extending direction of the rotation center axis CL1) 29A and 29B of the bush 29 are provided in the casing 3. It engages with a cylindrical hole 31. Here, the outer diameter of the bush 29 on the both end portions 29 </ b> A and 29 </ b> B side is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the hole 31, and a thin cylinder is provided between the housing 3 and the bush 29. A gap G5 is formed.

  Further, the inner diameters of the bush 29 on the both end portions 29 </ b> A and 29 </ b> B side are engaged with the cylindrical rotary shaft member 5. Here, the inner diameter of the bush 29 on the both end portions 29 </ b> A and 29 </ b> B side is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the rotary shaft member 5, and between the rotary shaft member 5 and the bush 29. A thin cylindrical gap G7 is formed.

  A ring-shaped space SP1 is formed on the outer diameter side of the central portion of the bush 29, and a ring-shaped space SP3 is formed on the inner diameter side. The spaces SP1 and SP3 communicate with each other through a through hole 28 provided in the bush 29.

  The bush 29 is supported by a pin 33. The bush 29 is slightly moved with respect to the housing 3, and the rotary shaft member 5 is rotatable with the inner diameter of the bush 29. The bearing configured in this way is called a semi-float type bearing.

  A configuration in which the pin 33 is removed from the semi-float bearing and the bush 29 is rotatable with respect to the housing 3 is referred to as a full float bearing. In the present embodiment, a semi-float type is described, but the present embodiment can be applied even to a full float type fluid bearing.

  Further, a portion of the fluid bearing 7 on the turbine 11 side between the inner space 13 (inner space 13A) and the end portion 29B of the bush 29 on the turbine 11 side is disposed on the bush 29. And the housing 3 and between the bush 29 and the rotary shaft member 5 (gap G5, G7) can be stored temporarily (fluid used for the fluid bearing 7). A small ring-shaped space 35 is provided.

  When a part of the fluid supplied through the through hole 27 passes through the spaces SP1 and SP3 and passes through the gaps G5 and G7, a radial bearing (radial bearing on the compressor 9 side) 19 is formed. When other fluid passes through the spaces SP1 and SP3 and passes through the gaps G5 and G7, a radial bearing (radial bearing on the turbine 11 side) 19 is formed.

  In addition, the fluid which comprised the radial bearing 19 by the side of the turbine 11 passes through the ring-shaped space 35 and the through-hole 37, and is carried out like arrow AR3. On the other hand, the fluid constituting the radial bearing 19 on the compressor 9 side is supplied to the thrust bearing 17 and carried out as indicated by the arrows AR1 and AR5.

Then, the discharged fluid is returned to the engine and supplied again through the through hole 27.

  Here, the through-hole 37 will be described. The through-hole 37 is a hole penetrating from the fluid bearing 7 on the turbine 11 side to the internal space 13 and is used for the fluid bearing 7 as described above. This is a through hole for carrying the fluid out of the fluid bearing 7.

  The through hole 37 is provided in the housing 3 so as to be connected to the internal space 13 in order to discharge the fluid used in the fluid bearing 7 from the fluid bearing 7 to the outside of the housing 3. It is formed by linearly extending toward the opening 15 of the fluid discharge hole in a direction obliquely intersecting with the extending direction of the rotation center axis CL of the rotating shaft member 5.

  In other words, the through hole 37 penetrates from the end of the fluid bearing 7 on the turbine 11 side and the vicinity thereof to the internal space 13, and the through hole 37 was used for the fluid bearing 7. When the fluid is carried out of the fluid bearing 7, it can be said that the fluid includes a velocity component in a direction away from the turbine 11.

  The casing 3 is integrally formed as one part by casting, for example, and the through hole 37 is a through hole provided in the casing 3 for providing the opening 15 and the turbine 11. The hole 38 has a shape that can be formed by machining (for example, drilling or end milling).

  The through hole 37 may be processed and formed only from the opening 15, the through hole 37 may be processed and formed only from the through hole 38, or the through hole 37 may be formed. You may enable it to process and form from both the opening part 15 and the through-hole 38. FIG.

  The through-hole 37 is formed across the ring-shaped space 35 and the turbine-side portion 29 </ b> B of the bush 29.

  That is, if the one through-hole 37 is provided in a straight line, the ring-shaped space 35 and the outer side surface of the bush 29 are passed through the through-hole 37 and the opening 15 of the housing 3. A part (part 29B in the vicinity of the end face on the turbine 11 side) can be seen.

  According to the supercharger 1, the through hole 37 extends from the fluid bearing 7 toward the opening 15 in a direction obliquely intersecting with the extending direction of the rotation center axis CL <b> 1 of the rotating shaft member 5. Therefore, the fluid discharged from the through-hole 37 is directed to the opening 15 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the rotation center axis CL1 of the rotary shaft member 5 as in the conventional supercharger 100. It is possible to prevent discharge in a direction (a direction downward from the ring-shaped space 35 shown in FIG. 1; a direction indicated by an arrow AR11 in FIG. 2).

  Then, when the downward discharge is not performed, for example, a portion that obstructs the flow of fluid between the inner space 13A and the opening 15 (generated when the fluid strikes the inner wall of the housing 3 vigorously). It is difficult to form a barrier), and it is possible to prevent the fluid from staying in the inner space 13A and the like, and the fluid used in the fluid bearing 7 can be efficiently recovered. That is, the fluid can be efficiently discharged to the outside of the housing 3.

  Furthermore, since the fluid can be prevented from staying in the inner space 13A, the fluid can be prevented from leaking to the turbine 11.

  Moreover, according to the supercharger 1, the said housing | casing 3 is integrally formed, and the said through-hole 37 can be formed by machining from the through-hole 38 for providing the said opening part 15 and the said turbine 11. FIG. Therefore, the housing 3 can be manufactured at a lower cost than the division, and the through-hole 37 is easily formed.

  Further, if the conventional casing is used as it is and the through-hole 37 is formed, for example, when the casing is a casting, a wooden pattern or the like is used without making a major design change. It is possible to provide a supercharger capable of efficiently discharging a fluid without changing.

  Moreover, if it is a shape which can be formed from the said opening part 15 by machining, the form (a magnitude | size and the crossing angle with respect to the rotation center axis CL1 of the rotating shaft member 5) of the said through-hole 37 can be made free.

  By the way, as described above, the thrust bearing 17 of the fluid bearings 7 is provided on the compressor 9 side. Therefore, the fluid discharged from the end of the fluid bearing on the compressor 9 side is a ring-shaped member 23 forming the thrust bearing 17 and a ring-shaped recess formed in this member (on the opposite side to the compressor). It is easy to be discharged toward the opening 15 by the formed recess) 23A. Therefore, there is little need to provide the through hole 37 on the compressor 9 side as provided on the turbine 11 side.

  On the other hand, on the turbine 11 side, the member 23 forming the thrust bearing 17 does not exist, and the fluid discharged from the fluid bearing 7 tends to go to the turbine 11 side.

  Therefore, as described above, by suitably providing the through hole 37 on the turbine 11 side, fluid leakage to the turbine 11 can be prevented.

  Further, according to the supercharger 1, a small ring-shaped space 35 in which the fluid used in the fluid bearing 7 can be temporarily stored is provided in a portion of the fluid bearing 7 on the turbine 11 side. The fluid can be temporarily recovered in the space 35, and since the fluid bearing 7 is of a semi-float type, the fluid bearing can be formed at a lower cost than the full float type. Furthermore, since the through hole 37 can be formed across the ring-shaped space 35 and the turbine-side portion 29B of the bush 29, the diameter of the through hole 37 can be increased, The holes 37 can be easily formed and the fluid can be discharged more efficiently.

  In the case of the full float type, if the through-hole 37 straddling as described above is formed, the outer diameter of the bush 29 also forms a sliding pair, which is not preferable because a part of the fluid bearing is damaged. However, in the semi-float type bearing in which the outer diameter of the bush 29 does not form a sliding pair, there is almost no problem even if the through-hole 37 is formed across the above-described manner.

  In the above embodiment, the thrust bearing 17 is provided on the compressor 9 side, but the thrust bearing 17 may be provided on the turbine 11 side. In this case, the through hole 37 is provided on the compressor 9 side.

It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the supercharger which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the conventional supercharger.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Supercharger 3 Case 5 Rotating shaft member 7 Fluid bearing 9 Compressor 11 Turbine 13 Internal space 15 Opening 29 Bush 35 Space 37 Through-hole

Claims (5)

A housing, a rotating shaft member that rotates relative to the housing through a fluid bearing inside the housing, a compressor provided at one end of the rotating shaft member, and the other end of the rotating shaft member A turbocharger provided with an internal space around the fluid bearing inside the housing,
A through-hole penetrating from the fluid bearing to the internal space; connected to the internal space to discharge the fluid used in the fluid bearing from the fluid bearing to the outside of the housing; The through hole is formed to extend in a direction obliquely intersecting with the extending direction of the rotation center axis of the rotating shaft member toward the opening of the fluid discharge hole provided in the housing. A supercharger that features. The turbocharger according to claim 1, wherein
The casing is integrally formed, and the through hole has a shape that can be formed by machining from the opening and / or the through hole for installing the turbine. . In the supercharger according to claim 1 or 2,
The turbocharger, wherein the through hole is a hole penetrating from the end of the fluid bearing on the turbine side and the vicinity thereof to the internal space. In the supercharger of any one of Claims 1-3,
The fluid bearing is provided with a bush engaged with an outer diameter so as to move slightly with respect to the housing, and is a semi-float type that rotatably supports the rotary shaft member with an inner diameter of the bush. Is,
A portion of the fluid bearing on the turbine side, between the inner space and the end of the bush on the turbine side, is between the bush and the casing and between the bush and the rotating shaft. A small ring-shaped space that can temporarily store the fluid that has come out between the members is provided,
The supercharger, wherein the through hole is formed across the ring-shaped space and the turbine side portion of the bush. A housing, a rotating shaft member that rotates relative to the housing through a fluid bearing inside the housing, a compressor provided at one end of the rotating shaft member, and the other end of the rotating shaft member A turbocharger provided with an internal space around the fluid bearing inside the housing,
The fluid bearing end on the turbine side and a through hole penetrating from the vicinity to the internal space, and the through hole is used when the fluid used for the fluid bearing is carried out of the fluid bearing. The turbocharger is a through-hole formed in a shape such that the fluid includes a speed component in a direction away from the turbine.

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