JP4423051B2 - Half-tension toggle mechanism and building structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a half-tension toggle mechanism and a building structure in which tension is introduced into a component member so that the component member is always in a tensile state and no compression force is generated.

  The operation principle of the conventional toggle mechanism is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, the frames connecting the four points OADC shown by the solid lines are each a frame OA arranged in the vertical direction, a frame AD arranged in the horizontal direction, and a frame DC arranged in the vertical direction, Consists of a frame CO arranged in the horizontal direction, a steel bar AB connecting point A and point B in this frame, a steel bar BC that is pin-coupled freely at point B, and also rotatable at point B It is comprised from the flame | frame OADC which has a toggle mechanism which consists of the steel rod BO pin-coupled to.

  Interlayer deformation that moves the frame AD so that the moving distance AA ′ = DD ′ = x with respect to this toggle mechanism is caused by an earthquake or wind, and the frame OADC is transformed into the frame OA′D′C. To do. Due to the interlayer deformation in which the A point moves to the A ′ point, the B point moves to the B ′ point, and therefore a β-fold amplification factor exists from the ratio of AA ′ to BB ′. If the speed generated in AA ′ is expressed as v (≈ωx), the speed of BB ′ is βv. When a viscous damper having a resistance coefficient c with respect to the unit speed is inserted between the OBs, the resistance force due to the speed of BB ′ is cβv.

Therefore, the resistance acting on AA ′ is calculated as β times cvβ ² by the principle of the lever. Here, when installing the damper, if the damper is provided between the BDs rather than between the OBs, the stroke of the damper device will be increased. If the required stroke length is long, the damper may be inserted between the BDs. is there.

  As described above, the toggle mechanism applies the lever principle to amplify small shaking of the building due to wind, etc., and can be controlled with a damper, reducing the required damper capacity even for large earthquakes. .

  However, in the toggle mechanism shown in FIG. 6, considering out-of-plane deformation such as receiving a normal direction compressive force on the frame OADC, in order to have resistance against a large compressive force, the steel bar AB or the like is disconnected. It was necessary to increase the area.

Therefore, a mechanism that realizes a reduction in the cross section of the member is a tension toggle mechanism. In the tension toggle mechanism, a member having tension is introduced into the constituent members of the toggle mechanism, and the member surface is constantly reduced by keeping the constituent members in a tension state and generating no compression force. As shown in FIG. 2, by installing a spring between the component members OB and introducing tension, tension is generated in the toggle component member, and the compressive force at the time of deformation of the frame can be suppressed. It can be made smaller (for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).
JP-A-10-169244 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-81735

  As described above, the tension torque mechanism can reduce the cross-section of the structural member by introducing the tension. However, on the other hand, there is a problem that the long-term axial force introduced into the supported frame increases due to the tension of the spring between the OBs. This long-term axial force requires a specific strength for the frame.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to introduce an elastic portion into the constituent member of the toggle mechanism to keep the constituent member in a tensile state to prevent the generation of compressive force and reduce the member cross section.

The half tension toggle mechanism according to the present invention includes a first bracing portion rotatably connected to first support portions provided at arbitrary three points where relative displacement of the structure is possible in order to achieve the above object. When,
A second bracing portion rotatably connected to a second support provided on one of the remaining two points;
The first bracing part other end side rotating part provided on the other end side of the first bracing part and the second bracing part other end side turning part provided on the other end side of the second bracing part are rotatable. A connected first pin portion;
The third support portion provided at the third point is rotatably connected, and the other end side has energy absorbing means for attenuating the swing of the second connection portion connected to the first pin portion. And at least each of the support part, the rotating part and the connecting part is a half tension toggle mechanism formed of a forged product,
The energy absorbing means is mainly characterized by being composed of a single-effect damper that acts only during contraction, a first elastic portion that is free in a neutral state, and a second elastic portion that generates tension.

  In addition, the energy absorbing means includes a single-effect damper that is disposed in the center with the first elastic portion and is inserted into the first elastic portion, and a second elastic portion that is provided in the same manner by inserting the first elastic portion. It may be configured. Generation of compressive force can be reduced.

  Further, the energy absorbing means may be characterized in that the second elastic portion is mounted on the outer periphery of the one-effect damper. The necessary tension can be changed freely.

  In addition, any three points that can be relatively displaced are characterized in that one point is a part of the tower structure and the other two points are the ground surface on which the tower structure is erected. Can do. It becomes possible to make a vibration control device for a tower-type structure.

  And any three points that can be relatively displaced are arranged in a frame body composed of a vertical frame and a horizontal frame, one point of which is a pair, and one point abutment portion between the upper horizontal frame and the vertical frame. The two points are the butted portions of the lower horizontal frame and the vertical frame facing the one-side butted portion of the upper horizontal frame and the vertical frame, and the three points are the lower horizontal frame and the vertical frame. It is provided in the butt | matching part of one side.

  Moreover, the said half tension toggle mechanism is applied to the building structure which concerns on this invention.

  The 1st bracing part connected rotatably to the 1st support part provided in arbitrary 3 points which can be displaced relatively of the structure concerning the present invention, and the 2nd support provided in one of the remaining 2 points A second bracing portion that is pivotally connected to the first portion, a first bracing portion other end side turning portion provided on the other end side of the first bracing portion, and a second bracing portion provided on the other end side of the second bracing portion. Two bracing portions, the other end side turning portion is rotatably connected to the first pin portion and the third support portion provided at the third point, and the other end side is the first pin portion. An energy absorbing means for attenuating swinging of the second connecting portion connected to the 1 pin portion, and at least each of the support portion, the rotating portion and the connecting portion in a half tension toggle mechanism formed of a forged product, The energy absorbing means generates a single-effect damper that acts only during contraction, a first elastic portion that is free in a neutral state, and generates tension. There is an advantage that it is possible to reduce the long-term axial force introduced to the support frame by the second elastic portion.

  In addition, by providing a first elastic portion that has a free length in the neutral state and a second elastic portion that generates tension, the tension (restoration) is performed only when the first elastic portion is moved from the neutral state to the compression direction. The long axial force is only the tension of the second elastic portion and is very small, and the short-term axial force hardly increases. For this reason, a reduction in the cross section of the member is realized by introducing a tension to the constituent member of the toggle mechanism and keeping the constituent member in a tension state so as not to generate a compressive force.

  FIG. 1 explains in detail a half tension toggle mechanism 2 according to the present invention. First, an example in which the half tension toggle mechanism 2 is applied to the frame structure is shown.

  The frame structure includes a lower frame 4, a vertical frame 6 standing on the lower frame 4, and an upper frame 8 disposed on the vertical frame 6. The lower frame 4 and the upper frame 8 are constructed of a building. The vertical frame 6 corresponds to a steel frame.

  The first support portion 10 of the half tension toggle mechanism 2 is disposed on the upper frame 8. An upper first clevis 12 is pin-coupled to the first support portion 10. The upper first clevis 12 is joined to the upper second clevis 16 via the steel pipe 14. The upper first clevis 12 and the steel pipe 14, and the upper second clevis 16 and the steel pipe 14 are all flared. The upper second clevis 16 is pin-coupled to the lower first clevis 18 and the elastic portion side clevis 20 at one point 22.

  One lower first clevis 18 is connected to a lower second clevis 26 via a steel pipe 24, and the lower second clevis 26 is pin-coupled to a second support portion 28 provided in the lower frame 4. The second support portion 28 is disposed on the lower frame 4.

  The other elastic part side clevis 20 has a flare-welded steel pipe 30 coupled to an elastic part 34 via a turnbuckle 32. The elastic portion 34 is joined to the support shaft 36, the support shaft 36 is pin-coupled to the third support portion 38, and the third support portion 38 is disposed on the lower frame 4.

  The elastic part 34 which is the detail which shows the half tension toggle mechanism 2 with respect to the structure of the above toggle mechanism is shown still in detail.

  In the elastic portion 34, the upper plate 40 is coupled to the turnbuckle 32 via the upper rod 42, and the lower plate 44 is coupled to the support shaft 36. Between the upper plate 40 and the lower plate 44, there is a small spring 48, which is a second elastic portion for generating a tension with a built-in damper 46, and a gap portion 50, and a first free length in a neutral state. A large spring 52 that is an elastic portion is provided.

  The damper 46 is built in the small spring 48 and is of a single effect type so as to exert a damping force only in the tensile direction. Specifically, it is composed of an oil damper or the like. Rods 54 are fixed to the upper plate 40 and the lower plate 44 by nuts, respectively. Four dampers 46 are arranged around the large spring 52.

  The small spring 48 is composed of a wound spring made of a metal material having a low yield point, such as carbon steel or stainless steel, on the outer periphery of the damper 46, and its length is approximately the same as the length between the connection points of the damper 46 in a normal state. Say it. The ends of the small springs 48 are fixed to the rods 54 by welding or bolts.

  Only when the small spring 48 is extended in the tension direction, it has a tension (restoring force). Accordingly, the long-term axial force is very small only by increasing the tension of the small spring 48, and the short-term axial force hardly increases from the half tension toggle mechanism.

  In the gap 50, the outer frame is formed from a rectangular parallelepiped made of steel, and the inside is configured to be a cavity. Here, the length of the inner longitudinal side is set to a predetermined value. A rod hole 56 through which the upper rod 42 passes is provided in one of the longitudinal directions of the gap 50, and a large spring 52 is welded to the other end. An end portion of the upper rod 42 is threaded, and a nut 58 having a diameter larger than that of the rod hole 56 is fixed so as to prevent the upper rod 42 from being detached from the gap portion 50. The end face on the large spring 52 side inside the gap 50 is 60.

  The opposite end of the large spring 52 is joined to the lower plate 44. The large spring 52 is adjusted to be in a neutral state by the turnbuckle 32 and the gap 50. For this reason, when the large spring 52 contracts in the compression direction from the neutral state, no long-term axial force is generated.

  As described above, the embodiment in which the present invention is applied to the structure having the frame has been described. However, the elastic portion 34 is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG. 1, and the embodiment is shown in FIGS. .

  The elastic part 34 shown in FIG. 2A shows a case where the small spring 48 and the damper 46 are arranged on different axes in the example of FIG. 1, and FIG. 2C shows the direction of the upper plate 40. Sectional drawing from is shown. That is, only the damper 46 is arranged at a specific diagonal, and the small spring 48 is arranged at one diagonal. In this case, the long-term axial force generated by the small spring 48 and the damper 46 is half that of the coaxial type shown in FIG.

  In the image viewed from the upper plate 40, the small spring 48 and the damper 46 are located at the corner of the upper plate 40 as shown in FIG.

  Next, the elastic portion 34 shown in FIG. 2B does not insert the gap 50 between the large spring 52 and the upper plate 40, but directly bonds the large spring 62 to the upper plate 40 and the lower plate 44. To do. With this configuration, the free length can be maintained in a neutral state without using special parts such as the gap 50. FIG. 2D shows a cross-sectional view from the direction of the upper plate 40.

  In addition, although three examples were shown as an example of the elastic part 34, it is not limited to these, It has the elastic part which generate | occur | produces tension | tensile_strength, the elastic part which becomes free length normally, and a one-effect damper Any combination is possible.

  Next, the operation of the elastic portion 34 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 3A shows that the upper rod 42 is disposed until the nut 58 inserted into the end of the upper rod 42 connected to the turnbuckle 32 contacts the inner wall 50 of the gap 50 on the large spring 52 side. In this state, the damper 46, the small spring 48, and the large spring 52 all remain in the contracted positions.

  Next, FIG. 3B shows a configuration when the elastic portion 34 is attached to a structure or the like. In FIG. 3 (b), the nut 56 into which the rod 42 in the gap 50 is fitted is locked to the inner wall on the turnbuckle 32 side by adjusting the turnbuckle 32 and connecting to the half tension toggle mechanism 2. To be adjusted. Here, the damper 46 is disposed according to the adjustment position, and the damper rod 51 is extended. The length of the small spring 48 is longer than the free length, and a restoring force is generated.

  In the above state, the displacement between the first bearing portion 10 and the third bearing portion 38 and the displacement between the second bearing portion 28 and the third bearing portion 38 occur, and the upper plate 40 and the lower plate 44 are displaced. FIG. 3C shows the case where the gap acts in the extending direction.

  In this case, the small spring 48 and the damper 46 extend, and the large spring 52 extends further. For this reason, both the small spring 48 and the large spring 52 generate a restoring force. On the other hand, the damper 46 generates a damping force according to the response speed of the expansion speed or the compression speed.

  On the other hand, in FIG. 3B, when acting between the upper plate 40 and the lower plate 44 in a contracting direction, the small spring 48 contracts, the upper rod 42 moves to the gap 50, and the damper 46 A damping force is generated according to the response speed of the compression speed.

  Subsequently, an example applied to the frame structure is shown in Example 1, and an example in which the present invention is applied to a radio tower is shown in Example 2.

  FIG. 4 is an example in which two sets of half tension toggle mechanisms 2 according to the present invention are arranged as a vibration control device in a set of frame structures. FIG. 4A shows a lower frame 4, a vertical frame 6 standing on the lower frame 4, and a frame structure in which an upper frame 8 is arranged on the vertical frame 6. The second support portions 28 are respectively disposed at both the butting portions, while the first support portions 10 are respectively disposed on the upper frame 8. Further, two sets of third support portions 8 are disposed in the center of the lower frame 4. The half tension toggle mechanism 2 in which the steel pipe 14, the steel pipe 24, and the elastic part 34 are pin-coupled at one point 29 from each of the support parts can be arranged symmetrically in the frame. By arranging symmetrically, it is possible to prevent a long-term axial force and tension from being asymmetrically applied to the frame.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 4B, an example in which the half tension toggle mechanism 2 is arranged on both sides of one vertical frame 6 is shown. The arrangement positions of the first support part 10, the second support part 28, and the third support part 8 are the same, and the pair of half tension toggle mechanisms 2 are symmetrical while having the vertical frame 6 as an axis. Arranged.

  Furthermore, FIG. 5 shows an example in which the half tension toggle mechanism 2 according to the present invention is applied as a vibration control device for a radio tower such as a mobile phone base station or a power transmission tower.

  As shown in FIG. 5A, the radio tower 72 is erected on the foundation 71 and has an antenna device mounted on the top thereof, and a wire fixing ring 70 is inserted into the center thereof. The wire fixing ring 70 is connected to a wire 74, and the wire 74 is connected to a wire 76 fixed to the ground by a connecting member 78. The connecting member 78 is connected to the elastic portion 80 via the wire 81. The elastic portion 80 is fixed to the ground via the wire 82. The elastic portion 80 includes the small spring 48, the damper 46, and the large spring 52 shown in FIG.

  The half tension toggle mechanism 2 is stretched at a position that is symmetrical with respect to the radio tower 72 by three or more wires with respect to the radio tower 72, and an example in which three half tension toggle mechanisms 2 are stretched is shown in FIG. FIG. 5C shows an example in which four are stretched. These mechanisms can add a vibration control function without greatly changing the structure of the existing radio tower 72 and the like, and do not require a space for installation, so that they are cost effective and space efficient vibration control devices. .

  With the half tension toggle mechanism according to the present invention, the long-term axial force is reduced and the short-term axial force is not increased, so that the cross-sectional area of the constituent members can be made smaller than before, and a building having a normal frame or a steel tower It can be used as a vibration control device such as an antenna.

It is a block diagram of the half tension toggle mechanism which concerns on this invention. It is a block diagram of the elastic part of the half tension toggle mechanism which concerns on this invention, (a) is a block diagram which made the damper and the small spring another axis, (b) is a block diagram which does not utilize the space | gap part of a large spring. is there. It is an operation | movement figure of the elastic part of the half tension toggle mechanism which concerns on this invention, (a) It is free length, (b) is a case where a damper acts, (c) It extended | stretched including the big spring. It is a block diagram of another frame structure of the half tension toggle mechanism which concerns on this invention, and is a frame structure type | mold and a vertical axis center type | mold. It is a block diagram of another radio tower structure of the half tension toggle mechanism according to the present invention, and is a frame configuration type. It is a block diagram of another radio tower structure of the half tension toggle mechanism according to the present invention, and is a frame configuration type.

Explanation of symbols

2 Half tension toggle mechanism 4 Lower frame 6 Vertical frame 8 Upper frame 10 First support 12 Upper first clevis 14 Steel pipe 16 Upper second clevis 18 Lower first clevis 20 Elastic part side clevis 22 One point 24 Steel pipe 26 Lower second clevis 28 Second support part 32 Turnbuckle 34 Elastic part 36 Support shaft 38 Third support part 40 Upper plate 42 Upper rod 44 Lower plate 46 Damper 48 Small spring 50 Cavity 52 Large spring 56 Rod hole 70 Wire fixing ring 71 Basic 72 Radio wave Tower 74 Wire 76 Wire 78 Connecting member 80 Elastic portion 82 Wire

Claims (6)

A first bracing part rotatably connected to a first support part provided at any three points where relative displacement of the structure is possible;
A second bracing portion rotatably connected to a second support provided on one of the remaining two points;
The first bracing part other end side rotating part provided on the other end side of the first bracing part and the second bracing part other end side turning part provided on the other end side of the second bracing part are rotatable. A connected first pin portion;
The third support portion provided at the third point is rotatably connected, and the other end side has energy absorbing means for attenuating the swing of the second connection portion connected to the first pin portion. And at least each of the support part, the rotating part and the connecting part is a half tension toggle mechanism formed of a forged product,
The energy absorbing means is a half-tension toggle mechanism comprising a one-effect damper that acts only during contraction, a first elastic part that is free in a neutral state, and a second elastic part that generates tension.   The energy absorbing means is composed of a one-effect damper that is disposed in the center with the first elastic portion and is inserted into the first elastic portion, and a second elastic portion that is provided in the same manner by inserting the first elastic portion. The half-tension toggle mechanism according to claim 1.   The half tension toggle mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the energy absorbing means is provided with a second elastic portion on an outer periphery of the one-effect damper.   2. The arbitrary three points that can be displaced relatively are one part of the tower-type structure and the other two points are the ground surface on which the tower-type structure is erected. Half tension toggle mechanism.   Arbitrary three points that can be relatively displaced are arranged in a frame composed of a vertical frame and a horizontal frame, and one point is provided at one end of the horizontal frame and the vertical frame. The two points are the butted portions of the lower horizontal frame and the vertical frame facing the one-side butted portion of the upper horizontal frame and the vertical frame, and the three points are the lower horizontal frame and the vertical frame. The half-tension toggle mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the half-tension toggle mechanism is provided at a butt portion on one side.   A building structure to which the half tension toggle mechanism according to claim 1 is applied.

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