JP4417466B2 - Organic matter ripening promoter - Google Patents
Organic matter ripening promoter Download PDFInfo
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- JP4417466B2 JP4417466B2 JP09230399A JP9230399A JP4417466B2 JP 4417466 B2 JP4417466 B2 JP 4417466B2 JP 09230399 A JP09230399 A JP 09230399A JP 9230399 A JP9230399 A JP 9230399A JP 4417466 B2 JP4417466 B2 JP 4417466B2
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- Prior art keywords
- lignin sulfonate
- organic matter
- fertilizer
- ripening
- nitrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、有機物腐熟促進材に関する。詳しくは、窒素成分とりん酸成分を含む肥料を、リグニンスルホン酸ナトリウムと、それ以外のリグニンスルホン酸塩と、水を用いて造粒されてなる有機物腐熟促進材に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
米麦作においてはコンバイン使用による収穫が一般的であり、収穫にともない残査であるわら類が圃場に排出される。排出されたわら類の一部は家畜の飼料、敷料やわら加工品原料、堆肥原料として有効利用されているが、大部分は焼却されるかそのまま圃場に放置される。焼却される場合は貴重な有機質資源を無駄にするとともに、地域によっては煙による重大な交通障害の問題を発生する恐れもある。一方、わら類が圃場に放置された場合、含有する窒素分が炭素分の見合いに比べ少なく腐熟化の進行が遅いため、腐熟不十分なわらによる窒素飢餓を起こしたり、水田ではメタンなどの還元状態で発生するガスによる障害、除草剤の薬害の助長などの生育障害が発生することが知られている。
【０００３】
この問題を解消するため、熔成苦土燐肥と石灰窒素を粘結剤により転動造粒してなる肥料を、圃場に放置されたわらと共にすき込むことが提案されている（例えば特開平１０−１７３８８号公報）。この先行技術によれば、わら類の腐熟促進に対してはかなりの有効な手段ではあるが、圃場に散布されるまでの粒状形態の保持、とその腐熟促進効果において改良の余地があった。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上記に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、圃場に散布されるまでは良質な粒状形態を保つが、圃場に散布されあるいはすき込まれると速やかに崩壊してその成分が分散し、有機物の腐熟を著しく促進させることのできる有機物腐熟促進材を提供することである。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
すなわち、本発明は、以下を要旨とする有機物腐熟促進材である。
（請求項１）窒素成分とりん酸成分を含む肥料が、リグニンスルホン酸ナトリウムと、リグニンスルホン酸ナトリウム以外のリグニンスルホン酸塩と、水を用いて造粒されてなり、リグニンスルホン酸ナトリウム以外のリグニンスルホン酸塩がリグニンスルホン酸カルシウム又はリグニンスルホン酸マグネシウムであることを特徴とする有機物腐熟促進材。
（請求項２）窒素成分を含む肥料が石灰窒素であり、りん酸成分を含む肥料がようりんであることを特徴する請求項１記載の有機物腐熟促進材。
（請求項３）リグニンスルホン酸ナトリウム以外のリグニンスルホン酸塩がリグニンスルホン酸カルシウムであり、リグニンスルホン酸カルシウムとリグニンスルホン酸ナトリウムの合計の含有量が０．５〜１０重量％で、前者が後者よりも多く含まれていることを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載の有機物腐熟促進材。
【０００６】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、更に詳しく本発明を説明する。
【０００７】
本発明の有機物腐熟促進材（以下、「本発明品」ともいう。）は、窒素成分とりん酸成分を含む肥料の造粒物である。本発明において、窒素成分を含む肥料とは、石灰窒素、硫酸アンモニウム、塩化アンモニウム、硝酸アンモニウム、りん酸アンモニウム、尿素等の窒素質肥料のことであり、また、りん酸成分を含む肥料とは、ようりん、焼成りん肥、重焼りん、過りん酸石灰、重りん酸石灰、苦土過りん酸等のりん酸質肥料のことである。
【０００８】
これらの中でも、石灰窒素と、ようりんの組み合わせが特に好ましい。何故なら、石灰窒素は、有機物腐熟促進作用に最も優れる窒素質肥料であり、また、ようりんは、有機物の腐熟にともなって産生される有機酸の中和能力を持ち、しかも硫化水素障害の防止に役立つ酸化鉄と、腐熟促進作用を有するケイ酸、石灰と、微生物の養分として必要な苦土、亜鉛などの微量を含んでいるからである。
【０００９】
石灰窒素としては、全窒素１９．０重量％以上、アルカリ分５０重量％以上のものが好適であるがこれに限られることはない。この石灰窒素に、生石灰、消石灰、炭酸石灰等の石灰質物質等を更に配合し、全窒素を１０重量％以上にしたものであっても使用することができる。石灰窒素の粒度については、５００ミクロン以下とすることによって、造粒が容易となる。また、ようりんは、通常入手できるもので十分である。
【００１０】
本発明において、窒素質肥料とりん酸質肥料の割合は、前者が１０重量％以上、特に１５〜３５重量％、後者が９０重量％以下、特に６５〜８５重量％であることが好ましい。窒素質肥料の割合が１０重量％未満であるか、又はりん酸質肥料の割合が９０重量％をこえると、腐熟促進効果が著しく低下する。
【００１１】
本発明は、上記混合肥料を造粒するに際し、バインダーとして、リグニンスルホン酸カルシウム等のリグニンスルホン酸ナトリウム以外のリグニンスルホン酸塩とリグニンスルホン酸ナトリウムを用いたことが大きな特徴である。これによって、散布・運搬・貯蔵等の取扱いが良好である造粒物を容易に製造できるとともに、散布した後は速やかに崩壊するので腐熟効果が速まる。
【００１２】
すなわち、リグニンスルホン酸ナトリウム以外のリグニンスルホン酸塩単独では、圃場等に散布した後の崩壊が遅くなって腐熟促進効果が十分でなくなり、また、リグニンスルホン酸ナトリウム単独では、吸湿しやすくなって散布までの取扱い性が低下する。リグニンスルホン酸ナトリウム以外のリグニンスルホン酸塩としては、カルシウム塩が好適であるが、それ以外にマグネシウム塩等が使用できる。
【００１３】
リグニンスルホン酸ナトリウム以外のリグニンスルホン酸塩と、リグニンスルホン酸ナトリウムの合計の含有量は、０．５〜１０重量％であることが好ましい。０．５重量％未満では、バインダーとしての機能が不十分となって取扱いに良好な造粒物を得ることができず、また１０重量％をこえると、窒素質肥料とりん酸質肥料の肥料成分の割合が相対的に少なくなり、腐熟促進効果が小さくなる。このような含有割合にあっても、リグニンスルホン酸ナトリウム以外のリグニンスルホン酸塩の方がリグニンスルホン酸ナトリウムよりも多く含まれていることが好ましく、特に前者が後者よりも２〜２０重量倍多く含まれていることが好ましい。本発明においては、上記条件で両者のリグニンスルホン酸塩が使用されている限り、廃糖蜜、でんぷん等のバインダーが更に用いられていてもよい。
【００１４】
造粒を行うための水量は、窒素質肥料とりん酸質肥料の混合肥料１００重量部に対し、５〜１５重量部、特に７〜１０重量部であることが好ましい。
【００１５】
造粒は、上記成分を含む混合物の押し出しないしは転動等によって行うことができるが、好ましくは転動造粒である。造粒に際しては、生石灰、消石灰、炭酸石灰、ケイ酸石灰等の有機物の腐熟に有効とされている肥料成分を更に混合し、各成分濃度を希釈して造粒することもできる。
【００１６】
本発明品は、散布・運搬・貯蔵等の取扱いが良好であり、しかも散布した後は速やかに崩壊して有機物の腐熟促進効果に優れるという効果を発現するが、製鉄鉱さい、転炉さい、フェロニッケル鉱さい、シリコマンガン鉱さい、フェロクロム鉱さい、ステンレス鉱さい、製りんさい、普通鋼鉱さい、酸化鉄等の鉄分含有物質や、苦土、けい酸、石灰等の成分を更に含ませ、養分の欠乏・アンバランスに対処した土づくり肥料や元肥などしても使用することができる。
【００１７】
【実施例】
以下、実施例、比較例をあげて更に具体的に本発明を説明する。
【００１８】
実施例１〜３ 比較例１〜２
石灰窒素（全窒素２０重量％）、ようりん（りん酸分１９重量％）、リグニンスルホン酸カルシウム、リグニンスルホン酸ナトリウム及び水を表１に示す割合で種々混合し、それをパン型造粒機により、直径１〜４ｍｍ程度の球状物に造粒して、有機物腐熟促進材とし、以下に従う、硬度、粉化率、水中崩壊性及び腐熟効果を測定した。それらの結果を表２に示す。
【００１９】
（１）硬度：粒子径２〜２．８ｍｍの粒子について、木屋式硬度計により測定した。
（２）粉化率：全農平塚研究所の「粉化率測定法」に準じ、７５回／分の振動を１５分間与え、１．０ｍｍふるい下の割合を算出(重量％)した。
（３）水中崩壊性：全農平塚研究所の「造粒した肥料の崩壊性試験法」に準じ、２ｍｍふるい上粒子５０個をふるい上に並べ、試料が十分に水に浸るまで水（室温）を注ぎ、一昼夜放置後、ふるいを静かに取り出し、ふるい上残存分割合を算出した。
（４）腐熟効果：圃場に寒冷紗を敷き、上位３節目を中心に約７ｃｍにカットした稲わら２０．０ｇを広げ、所定量のサンプルを散布した後、更に寒冷紗をかけ３ｃｍ程度覆土した。その後、所定期日にわらを回収し、その残存重量とＣ／Ｎ比を測定した。なお、散布量は、いずれも窒素が４ｇ／ｍ2となる量とした。
【００２０】
【表１】
【表２】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、圃場に散布されるまでは良好な粒状形態を保つが、圃場に散布されあるいはすき込まれると速やかに崩壊してその成分が分散し、有機物の腐熟を著しく促進させることのできる有機物腐熟促進材が提供される。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an organic matter ripening promoting material. More specifically, the present invention relates to an organic matter maturation promoting material obtained by granulating a fertilizer containing a nitrogen component and a phosphate component using sodium lignin sulfonate, other lignin sulfonate, and water.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In rice wheat production, harvesting by using a combine is common, and straws, which are a residue due to harvesting, are discharged to the field. Some of the discharged straw is effectively used as livestock feed, raw materials for bedding, processed straw products, and compost, but most of them are incinerated or left in the field. Incineration wastes valuable organic resources and, in some areas, can cause serious traffic problems due to smoke. On the other hand, when straws are left in the field, the content of nitrogen is less than that of carbon and the progress of maturation is slow, so that nitrogen starvation occurs due to insufficient maturation of straw, or methane and other substances are reduced in paddy fields. It is known that growth disorders such as damage caused by gas generated in the state and promotion of herbicide phytotoxicity occur.
[0003]
In order to solve this problem, it has been proposed to fertilize fertilizer obtained by rolling granulation of molten mashed phosphorus fertilizer and lime nitrogen with a binding agent together with straw left in the field (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open (JP-A)). 10-17388). According to this prior art, although it is a considerably effective means for promoting the ripening of straws, there is room for improvement in maintaining the granular form until it is sprayed on the field and the effect of promoting ripening.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the above, and its purpose is to maintain a high quality granular form until it is sprayed on the field. It is an object of the present invention to provide an organic matter ripening promoting material that can disperse and significantly promote the ripening of organic matter.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention is an organic matter ripening promoter having the following summary.
Fertilizers containing (claim 1) nitrogen component and phosphate component, a sodium lignin sulfonate, a lignin sulfonate other than sodium lignin sulfonate, Ri Na is granulated with water, other than sodium ligninsulfonate The lignin sulfonate is calcium lignin sulfonate or magnesium lignin sulfonate .
(2) The organic matter maturation promoting material according to (1), wherein the fertilizer containing a nitrogen component is lime nitrogen, and the fertilizer containing a phosphate component is yorin.
(Claim 3) The lignin sulfonate other than sodium lignin sulfonate is calcium lignin sulfonate, the total content of calcium lignin sulfonate and sodium lignin sulfonate is 0.5 to 10% by weight, the former being the latter The organic matter ripening promoter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the organic matter ripening promoter is contained in a larger amount.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
[0007]
The organic maturity promoting material of the present invention (hereinafter also referred to as “the product of the present invention”) is a granulated product of fertilizer containing a nitrogen component and a phosphoric acid component. In the present invention, the fertilizer containing a nitrogen component is a nitrogenous fertilizer such as lime nitrogen, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, ammonium phosphate, urea, and the like. Phosphorous fertilizers such as calcined phosphorus fertilizer, heavy calcined phosphorus, superphosphate lime, heavy phosphate lime, and bitumen perphosphate.
[0008]
Among these, a combination of lime nitrogen and yorin is particularly preferable. This is because lime nitrogen is the best nitrogenous fertilizer that promotes organic matter ripening, and yorin has the ability to neutralize organic acids produced by organic matter ripening, and also prevents hydrogen sulfide damage. This is because it contains iron oxide, which is useful for aging, silicic acid and lime that have a maturation promoting action, and trace amounts of zinc, etc. that are necessary as nutrients for microorganisms.
[0009]
Lime nitrogen is preferably 19.0% by weight or more of total nitrogen and 50% by weight or more of alkali, but is not limited thereto. The lime nitrogen can be used even if it is further blended with calcareous substances such as quick lime, slaked lime, carbonated lime, etc., and the total nitrogen is 10% by weight or more. About the particle size of lime nitrogen, granulation becomes easy by setting it as 500 microns or less. Yorin is usually available.
[0010]
In the present invention, the ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer is preferably 10% by weight or more, particularly 15 to 35% by weight, and 90% by weight or less, particularly 65 to 85% by weight for the latter. When the proportion of nitrogenous fertilizer is less than 10% by weight or the proportion of phosphate fertilizer exceeds 90% by weight, the effect of promoting maturation is significantly reduced.
[0011]
The present invention is characterized by the use of lignin sulfonate and sodium lignin sulfonate other than sodium lignin sulfonate such as calcium lignin sulfonate as the binder when granulating the mixed fertilizer. This makes it possible to easily produce a granulated product with good handling such as spraying, transporting, and storing, and it quickly disintegrates after spraying, so that the ripening effect is accelerated.
[0012]
In other words, lignin sulfonates other than sodium lignin sulfonate alone disintegrate after spraying in the field and the effect of promoting ripening is not sufficient, and sodium lignin sulfonate alone is easy to absorb moisture and sprays. The handleability until is reduced. As the lignin sulfonate other than sodium lignin sulfonate, a calcium salt is suitable, but in addition, a magnesium salt or the like can be used.
[0013]
The total content of lignin sulfonates other than sodium lignin sulfonate and sodium lignin sulfonate is preferably 0.5 to 10% by weight. If the amount is less than 0.5% by weight, the function as a binder is insufficient, and a granulated material that is favorable for handling cannot be obtained. If the amount exceeds 10% by weight, nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer fertilizer The proportion of the components is relatively small, and the effect of promoting ripening becomes small. Even in such a content ratio, it is preferable that lignin sulfonate other than sodium lignin sulfonate is contained more than sodium lignin sulfonate, and the former is 2 to 20 times more than the latter in particular. It is preferably included. In the present invention, as long as both lignin sulfonates are used under the above conditions, binders such as molasses and starch may be further used.
[0014]
The amount of water for granulation is preferably 5 to 15 parts by weight, particularly 7 to 10 parts by weight, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the mixed fertilizer of nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer.
[0015]
Granulation can be carried out by extruding or rolling a mixture containing the above components, and is preferably rolling granulation. In granulation, fertilizer components that are effective for the ripening of organic matter such as quick lime, slaked lime, carbonated lime, and silicate lime can be further mixed and granulated by diluting each component concentration.
[0016]
The product of the present invention is excellent in handling such as spraying, transporting and storing, and also exhibits the effect of rapidly disintegrating after spraying and being excellent in the effect of promoting the ripening of organic matter. Addition of iron-containing substances such as nickel ore, silicomanganese ore, ferrochrome ore, stainless ore, phosphorus steel, ordinary steel ore, iron oxide, and other ingredients such as bituminous, silicic acid and lime. It can also be used for soil fertilizer and raw fertilizer that deal with balance.
[0017]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples and comparative examples.
[0018]
Examples 1-3 Comparative Examples 1-2
Lime nitrogen (20% by weight of total nitrogen), iodine (19% by weight of phosphoric acid), calcium lignin sulfonate, sodium lignin sulfonate and water are mixed in various proportions as shown in Table 1, and the bread granulator Was granulated into a spherical product having a diameter of about 1 to 4 mm to obtain an organic matter ripening accelerator, and the hardness, pulverization rate, underwater disintegration property and ripening effect according to the following were measured. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0019]
(1) Hardness: Particles having a particle diameter of 2 to 2.8 mm were measured with a Kiya-type hardness meter.
(2) Pulverization rate: According to the “Pulverization rate measurement method” of Zen-no-Hiratsuka Laboratory, vibrations of 75 times / min were applied for 15 minutes, and the ratio under 1.0 mm sieve was calculated (% by weight).
(3) Disintegration in water: According to Zenno Hiratsuka Laboratory's “Method of disintegrating granulated fertilizer”, 50 particles on a 2 mm sieve are arranged on the sieve and water (room temperature) until the sample is sufficiently immersed in water. The mixture was allowed to stand for a whole day and night, and the sieve was then gently taken out, and the remaining fraction on the sieve was calculated.
(4) Maturation effect: A cold straw was spread on the field, 20.0 g of rice straw cut to about 7 cm was spread around the upper third knot, and a predetermined amount of sample was sprayed, and then a cold straw was applied to cover about 3 cm. Thereafter, straw was collected on a predetermined date, and the residual weight and C / N ratio were measured. Note that the amount of application was such that the amount of nitrogen was 4 g / m 2 .
[0020]
[Table 1]
[Table 2]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, a good granular form is maintained until it is sprayed on the field, but when it is sprayed or swallowed on the field, it quickly disintegrates and its components disperse, thereby significantly promoting the ripening of organic matter. An organic matter ripening promoter is provided.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP09230399A JP4417466B2 (en) | 1999-03-31 | 1999-03-31 | Organic matter ripening promoter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP09230399A JP4417466B2 (en) | 1999-03-31 | 1999-03-31 | Organic matter ripening promoter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000281474A JP2000281474A (en) | 2000-10-10 |
| JP4417466B2 true JP4417466B2 (en) | 2010-02-17 |
Family
ID=14050656
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP09230399A Expired - Fee Related JP4417466B2 (en) | 1999-03-31 | 1999-03-31 | Organic matter ripening promoter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4417466B2 (en) |
-
1999
- 1999-03-31 JP JP09230399A patent/JP4417466B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2000281474A (en) | 2000-10-10 |
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