JP4413182B2 - Retaining wall greening unit and embankment structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a retaining wall greening unit and a banking structure suitable for greening a steep banking side.

In consideration of preservation of the embankment and landscape protection, various embankment methods have been proposed in which the slope of the embankment is covered with various retaining walls and the surface of this retaining wall is vegetated.
In such a banking method, a step of placing a retaining wall member made of expanded metal exhibiting an L-shape in front of a natural mountain or a banking layer, a step of building a banking layer on the back side of the retaining wall member, A predetermined embankment body is constructed by repeatedly performing a process of laying a geogrid between each embankment layer.
In addition, as a method of greening the slope, a method of spraying seeds directly on the slope is widely known. However, in the case of a bank slope, a vegetation sheet is attached in advance to the inner surface of the retaining wall member, In many cases, a method of germination from a sheet and greening is employed.

The conventional greening technology has the following problems.
(1) Since the slope of the embankment is flat and the slope is tight, the seeds and seedlings are easy to fall and the sediment is easy to flow out. Most plants die. Furthermore, the rate of establishment of plants flying from outside is low.
For this reason, it is not only difficult to plan long-term greening due to the lack of a suitable greening environment, but when the plant dies, the retaining wall made of metal or concrete is exposed and the landscape is impaired. There is also an inconvenience.
(2) As a method of greening the retaining wall surface of the embankment covered with retaining wall members, a concrete vegetation pot is constructed on site in the retaining wall member, and the vegetation base material filled in the pot is vegetated. How to do is known.
In this method, the retaining wall member must be provided with a strength sufficient to support the weight of the pot and the vegetation base material, and there is a problem that the overall construction cost including the material cost is high.
Furthermore, since the vegetation base material in the pot is shielded by the retaining wall member, the root system of the plant cannot penetrate through the retaining wall member. Therefore, there are restrictions on the types of plants that can be planted, and woody plants with particularly deep root growth cannot be introduced.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a retaining wall greening unit and an embankment structure that can realize long-term greening of a retaining wall with a simple method. is there.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a retaining wall greening unit and an embankment structure that can reduce the number of materials to be used and improve economy and workability.

1st invention of this application is the retaining wall greening unit which covers the slope side of a banking body, Comprising: The retaining wall part of the perforated structure which has a forming mold function of a banking body, and the retaining wall part is made into the slope of a slope the combined angle and a self-supporting means for self, said retaining a longitudinal wire constituting the wall portion is bent outward to form a convex portion, and a horizontal bottom portion formed in a lower portion of retaining wall portion, said retaining wall And the side wall part that is installed across the horizontal bottom surface part constitutes a self-supporting means for the retaining wall part, attaches the sheet to the inner surface of the retaining wall part, and the earth and sand covered with the sheet bends the vertical wire to the outside The retaining wall greening unit is configured to bulge along the protruding portion of the formed convex portion to form a greening stage .

2nd invention of this application is a banking structure comprised by a banking body, the retaining wall unit which covers the slope side of a banking body, and the sheet | seat arrange | positioned at the slope side of the retaining wall unit, The said retaining wall units using the retaining wall greening units, as described in the claim 1, Oite the retaining wall portion to fill the back of the retaining wall portion the sheet was placed in the retaining wall greening units, the sediment was covered with a sheet The embankment structure is characterized in that it is formed as a greening stage by bulging along a protruding direction of a convex part formed by bending a vertical wire to the outside, and greening using the greening stage as a vegetation base.

Just by forming a convex on the retaining wall greening unit's retaining wall part, a single retaining wall greening unit functions as a forming mold for the embankment and forms a greening stage to green the retaining wall part The function can be demonstrated, and it is only necessary to place the retaining wall greening unit, and there is no need to install separate independent pots, which can improve the economics and workability of the materials used. it can.
In addition, on the retaining wall of the retaining wall greening unit located on the slope of the embankment structure, a shelf-like greening stage is formed, and these greening stages are used as a vegetation base for planting under a good growth environment. Because it can grow, long-term greening over multiple years can be realized.
Furthermore, since it continues from the earth and sand of the greening stage to the embankment layer, the growth of the root system of the plant is not restricted, and not only the flowers but also the vegetation of woody plants becomes possible.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(1) Outline of Embankment Structure FIG. 1 shows a model diagram of an embankment structure according to the present invention.
The embankment structure includes a plurality of embankment layers 11 constructed in multiple stages, a embankment body 10 including a geogrid 12 horizontally embedded between the embankment layers 11, and a special structure that covers the slope side of the embankment body 10. The wall greening unit 20 and the sheet 30 disposed on the slope side of the retaining wall greening unit 20 are configured.

The geogrid 12 is a sheet material that is horizontally embedded in the embedding body 10 and reinforces the embedding body 10. For example, the geogrid 12 is formed in a net shape by covering an aramid fiber core material with a high-density polyethylene film. Can be used.
Hereinafter, main components will be described in detail.

(2) Retaining wall greening unit The retaining wall greening unit 20 has both a function as a forming mold of the embankment 10 and a function as a greening surface, and has a perforated structure and is formed in an uneven shape. A wall surface portion 21 and a self-supporting means for allowing the retaining wall surface portion 21 to stand independently at a predetermined angle according to the slope of the slope.
In other words, the retaining wall greening unit 20 forms a surface that covers the slope as an uneven vegetation surface, and uses this unevenness to swell the earth and sand that is the vegetation base horizontally even if the slope is steep. To function.

  The retaining wall greening unit 20 of this example will be described with reference to FIG. 2. The retaining wall greening unit 20 includes a retaining wall surface portion 21, a horizontal bottom surface portion 22, and a side surface portion 23. The case where it is the cage structure which comprises the self-supporting means of the part 21 is demonstrated.

The retaining wall surface portion 21, the horizontal bottom surface portion 22, and the side surface portion 23 are formed of a welded wire mesh that intersects a plurality of vertical lines and horizontal lines with predetermined intervals and welds the intersecting portions.
The mesh size of the welded wire mesh is practically preferably 50 mm to 100 mm × 100 mm to 150 mm, but is appropriately selected in consideration of the slope of the slope.

Each vertical line arranged in the vertical direction constituting the retaining wall surface portion 21 is formed with a convex portion 21a that is useful for growing plants by bending the wire outward. In forming the convex portion 21a, it is important to form the convex portion 21a so that the top portion thereof is substantially horizontal.
In this example, the case where a plurality of convex portions 21a are formed for one vertical line is shown, but only one convex portion 21a may be formed.
The protruding length of the convex portion 21a is appropriately selected in consideration of the height of the retaining wall greening unit 20, the type of plant to be vegetated, and the like.

The horizontal bottom portion 22 and the side surface portion 23 constitute self-supporting means for the retaining wall surface portion 21, and the front ends of the horizontal bottom portion 22 and the side surface portion 23 are integrally connected to the lower portion and the side end of the retaining wall surface portion 21, respectively.
In this example, the case where the retaining wall part 21 and the horizontal bottom part 22 are integrally formed by bending a coarse wire mesh into a substantially L shape is shown. However, a known space between the retaining wall part 21 and the horizontal bottom part 22 is known. It may be configured to be foldable by connecting with a pivotable hinge.

Further, the side surface portion 23 is preferably joined to the retaining wall surface portion 21 and the horizontal bottom portion 22 via a coupling tool (not shown) such as a coil material.
When the retaining wall greening unit 20 is horizontally long, the side surface portion 23 may be disposed between the retaining wall surface portion 21 and the horizontal bottom portion 22.

(3) Sheet The sheet 30 is a mesh-like material that regulates the outflow of earth and sand and does not impede the survival and growth of seeds and plants. For example, a known sheet such as a known vegetation sheet, water retention sheet, or biodegradable sheet is used. Including.
The sheet 30 is formed in a size capable of covering at least the entire surface of the retaining wall surface portion 21 of the retaining wall greening unit 20.
The sheet 30 is attached in advance to the inner surface of the retaining wall surface portion 21 of the retaining wall greening unit 20 or is attached on site.

(4) Construction method Next, the construction method of the embankment structure will be described.
As shown in FIG. 3, the geogrid 12 is laid on the ground.
The retaining wall greening unit 20 assembled in a bowl shape is installed at a position corresponding to the slope of the embankment. The gap between the left end of the geogrid 12 in the drawing and the horizontal bottom surface portion 21 of the retaining wall greening unit 20 is overlapped, and a pin or the like is inserted into the overlap portion to connect both members.

After the sheet 30 is disposed inside the retaining wall greening unit 21 of the retaining wall greening unit 20, earth and sand are sprinkled on the back side of the retaining wall greening unit 20 to construct the embankment layer 11 up to the height of the retaining wall greening unit 20.
The earth and sand filled in the back surface of the retaining wall portion 21 of the retaining wall greening unit 20 is prevented from flowing out by the sheet 30, but the retaining wall portion 21 having a plurality of convex portions 21a as shown in FIG. Slightly bulges in the transmission direction of the coarse mesh.

That is, the earth and sand covered with the sheet 30 bulges along the protruding direction of the convex portion 21a, and the greening stage 13 is formed.
The earth and sand of the greening stage 13 partially protruding outward from the retaining wall part 21 of the retaining wall greening unit 20 is structurally continuous with the embankment layer 11 and the top of the greening stage 13 is a convex part. It is formed as a substantially horizontal surface according to the upper shape of 21a.

  When the first-layer construction is completed, similarly, the laying work of the geogrid 12, the installation work of the retaining wall greening unit 20, the installation work of the sheet 30 and the banking work are repeatedly performed to obtain the banking structure shown in FIG.

(5) Greening method Next, the greening method of the embankment structure will be described.
As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of greening stages 13 bulge out on the retaining wall surface portion 21 of the retaining wall greening unit 20 that covers the slope of the embankment structure.

When the sheet 30 is a vegetation sheet, it germinates from the entire sheet 30.
Although the retaining wall surface portion 21 of the retaining wall greening unit 20 has a predetermined gradient, the plant 40 germinated on the greening stage 13 grows on the vegetation base using the greening stage 13 having a substantially horizontal plane. Although the retaining wall surface 21 of the retaining wall greening unit 20 has a predetermined gradient, the greening stage 13 is not affected by the slope.
Further, since the sheet 30 regulates the outflow of earth and sand in the greening stage 13 to the outside, there is no concern that the greening stage 13 is easily eroded by rainwater.

When the sheet 30 is not a vegetation sheet, seeds are artificially sprayed from the outside.
A part of the seed sprayed toward the retaining wall surface portion 21 of the retaining wall greening unit 20 is received by the upper surface of the greening stage 13 that protrudes horizontally without falling.
Therefore, seeds germinate using the greening stage 13 as a vegetation base and grow well. The same applies when seeds fly from the surrounding plants to the retaining wall portion 21.

Next, the growth of the root system of the plant 40 will be considered.
The earth and sand of the greening stage 13 has continuity with the embankment layer 11, and there is no blocking member between them.
Therefore, the root system of the plant 40 can extend smoothly from the earth and sand of the greening stage 13 toward the embankment layer 11.
Therefore, the types that can be introduced as the plant 40 can not only plant flowers but also plant vegetation having a large root system elongation.

  Furthermore, by forming irregularities on the retaining wall portion 21 of the retaining wall greening unit 20 that covers the slope of the embankment structure, the protruding greening stage 13 becomes a resistance to running water and water retention becomes higher, and desirable growth of the plant 40 is achieved. Contribute to the creation of the environment.

  From the above, it is possible to continue natural greening not only in the year of construction but also in the following year, so it is possible to improve the durability of the embankment structure by vegetation and improve the landscape Become.

(6) Other Embodiments Other embodiments will be described below. In the description, the same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

5 to 8 show another retaining wall greening unit 20.
5, 6, and 7 are longitudinal sectional views of the retaining wall surface portion 21 of the retaining wall greening unit 20, and FIG. 8 is a partial perspective view of the retaining wall surface portion 21 of the retaining wall greening unit 20.

  FIG. 5 shows a form in which the protruding shape of the protruding portion 21a of the vertical line constituting the retaining wall portion 21 is rounded and bulged, and FIG. 6 shows a protruding portion by bending the vertical line into a saddle shape. FIG. 7 shows a case where the convex portion 21a is formed by bending the vertical line into a wave shape.

  The above has described the case where the convex portion 21a is formed on the vertical line of the retaining wall greening unit 20, but as shown in FIG. 8, the horizontal line constituting the retaining wall portion 21 is bent to form the convex portion 21a on the horizontal line. It may be formed.

In the above-described embodiment, the case where the retaining wall greening unit 20 is a cage structure has been described. However, the retaining wall greening unit 20 is a diagonal member for reinforcement between the horizontal bottom surface portion 22 as shown in FIG. 24 may be formed.
In this example, the diagonal wall 24 is used instead of the side surface portion 23 to prevent the retaining wall surface portion 21 from being deformed.

Model diagram of embankment structure of the present invention Perspective view of retaining wall greening unit with the middle omitted Explanatory drawing of construction method of embankment structure Enlarged sectional view of the greening stage Illustration of other retaining wall greening units Illustration of other retaining wall greening units Illustration of other retaining wall greening units Illustration of other retaining wall greening units Illustration of other retaining wall greening units

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Embankment body 11 ... Embankment layer 12 ... Geogrid 13 ... Tree planting stage 20 ... Retaining wall tree planting unit 21 ... Retaining wall surface Portion 21a ... Convex part 22 ... Horizontal bottom face part 23 ... Side face part 24 ... Diagonal material 30 ... Sheet 40 ... Plant

Claims (2)

A retaining wall greening unit that covers the slope side of the embankment,
A retaining wall portion of a perforated structure having a mold forming function of the embankment;
A self-supporting means for allowing the retaining wall part to be independent at an angle that matches the slope of the slope,
Bending the vertical wire constituting the retaining wall part outward to form a convex part,
The horizontal bottom surface part formed at the lower part of the retaining wall surface part and the side surface part installed across the retaining wall surface part and the horizontal bottom surface part constitutes a self-supporting means of the retaining wall part ,
The sheet was attached to the inner surface of the retaining wall part, and the earth and sand covered with the sheet was configured to bulge along the protruding part of the convex part formed by bending the vertical wire to the outside to form a greening stage ,
Retaining wall greening unit.
A banking structure comprising a banking body, a retaining wall unit covering the slope side of the banking body, and a sheet disposed on the slope side of the retaining wall unit,
The retaining wall green unit uses the retaining wall greening unit according to claim 1,
In the retaining wall part by embankment on the back of the retaining wall part where the sheet of the retaining wall greening unit is installed,
The soil covered with the sheet is formed as a greening stage by bulging along the protruding direction of the convex part formed by bending the vertical wire to the outside,
The greening stage is planted as a vegetation base,
Embankment structure.

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