JP4413176B2 - Wireless communication device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a directional coupling device and a wireless communication device used in a communication device using a microwave such as a mobile phone and a car phone.

  In communication systems using microwaves such as cellular phones and automobile phones, non-reciprocal circuits and non-reciprocal circuits are used as circuits for absorbing abnormal reflections from antennas in circuits such as receiver circuits and transmitter circuits. An element is used.

  For example, FIG. 7 shows the amplifier circuit 1 of the transmission unit. The amplification circuit 1 mainly includes a signal processing unit 2, an amplitude / phase modulator 3, a power amplification unit 4, a directional coupler (coupler) 5, a circulator 6, a duplexer (DUP) 7, a distortion detection circuit 8, a reflected wave. It comprises a detection circuit 9, an antenna 10 and the like.

  Transmission data is input to the signal processing unit 2, and IQ data (orthogonal data) of the transmission data generated by the signal processing unit 2 is orthogonally modulated by the amplitude / phase modulator 3 and frequency-converted into a high-frequency signal. The power amplifier 4 amplifies the signal from the amplitude / phase modulator 3 to a predetermined output. The directional coupler 5 travels a part of the main modulation wave and third-order and fifth-order intermodulation distortion (IM) components in order to detect distortion included in the signal amplified by the power amplifier 4. Directionally coupled as a wave signal.

  The distortion detection circuit 8 frequency-converts the transmission signal component and the distortion component (third order, fifth order, seventh order, etc.) of the attenuation level combined by the directional coupler 5 into a low frequency signal, and the signal processing unit 2 to send.

  The circulator 6 is a non-reciprocal circuit element, and allows a signal from the directional coupler 5 to pass through the duplexer 7 in one direction so that a reflected wave from the antenna 10 does not return to the directional coupler 5. The reflected wave is sent to the reflected wave detection circuit 9 while being blocked. The reflected wave detection circuit 9 detects the reflected wave, and the detection result is fed back to the signal processing unit 2. The signal processing unit 2 uses the feedback signal, and the return signal from the antenna 10 is a reflected wave. It is determined whether the signal is another signal, and the operating state of the amplifier circuit 1 is determined. The duplexer 7 separates the transmission signal and the reception signal.

  As can be seen from the amplifier circuit 1, in a communication system using microwaves such as a cellular phone and a car phone, an abnormal reflected wave generated in the circuit damages an electronic circuit and improves signal quality. Therefore, non-reciprocal circuits and non-reciprocal circuit elements such as circulators and isolators that absorb abnormal reflection and transmit signals only in one direction are indispensable.

  Conventionally, components and circuit elements constituting a circuit, such as directional couplers, circulators, and isolators, are individually manufactured and become independent components. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a non-reciprocal circuit element, but it is composed of a large number of parts, resulting in high costs.

  Conventionally, when the amplifier circuit 1 is manufactured, a circuit is constituted by individual components, and when an attempt is made to configure a highly isolated directional coupler, a non-reciprocal circuit is required to ensure isolation. The element and directional coupler are housed in a metal box and shielded to prevent the connection of the main path and space coupling. The shape is large, the shape is different individually, and there is no versatility. It took.

  In addition, the path for connecting individual circuit elements becomes longer, and the passage insertion loss increases. For example, in an amplifier of a mobile phone base station, the power loss is large and the power efficiency is lowered. Furthermore, the input and output directions of the mobile phone base station amplifier vary depending on the user and must be individually manufactured each time. Therefore, time and cost are spent on the manufacture.

JP-A-2005-130022

  In view of such circumstances, the present invention provides a directional coupling device and a wireless communication device that are small in size and can be manufactured at low cost while ensuring high isolation.

  The present invention relates to a directional coupling device in which a non-reciprocal circuit element and a directional coupler formed on a dielectric substrate are integrally provided on one conductor substrate, and the non-reciprocal circuit element and the dielectric substrate. A directional coupling device integrally provided on one conductor board, a wiring board, a metal casing, and a lid, and the wiring board is attached to the casing. The conductor board is fitted into a hole formed in the wiring board and a recess formed in the housing, and a terminal protruding from the directional coupling device is connected to a corresponding line of the wiring board, and the lid By attaching to the housing, the directional coupling device is related to a wireless communication device that is shielded.

  According to the present invention, since the non-reciprocal circuit element and the directional coupler formed on the dielectric substrate are integrally provided on one conductor substrate, the configuration is simplified, the size is reduced, and the cost is reduced. At the same time, the insertion loss is reduced.

  According to the present invention, there is also provided a directional coupling device in which a non-reciprocal circuit element and a directional coupler formed on a dielectric substrate are integrally provided on one conductor substrate, a wiring board, and a metal casing. And the lid, the wiring board is attached to the housing, the conductor board is fitted into a hole formed in the wiring board, a recess formed in the housing, and protrudes from the directional coupling device The terminal to be connected is connected to the corresponding line of the wiring board and the directional coupling device is shielded by attaching the lid to the housing, thereby simplifying the configuration, reducing the size, and reducing the cost. In the case where the insertion loss is reduced and the main circuit is an amplifier circuit, an excellent effect such as effective power saving can be achieved.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  First, the basic configuration of the directional coupling device 11 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to what is shown in FIG. 7, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The directional coupling device 11 integrally includes a directional coupler 5, an isolator 12 that is a non-reciprocal circuit element, and a circulator 6 that is a non-reciprocal circuit element. In FIG. , 14 is an attenuator, 15 is an input terminal, 16 is an output terminal, 17 is a first terminal, and 18 is a second terminal.

  The isolator 12 allows a signal to pass from the directional coupler 5 to the circulator 6 in one direction, and the reflected wave from the antenna is converted into thermal energy by the terminator 13 and disappears. The reflected wave is taken out by the circulator 6, attenuated to a required level by the attenuator 14, and sent out from the second terminal 18.

  The first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The directional coupler 5, the isolator 12, and the circulator 6 constituting the directional coupling device 11 are disposed on a rectangular conductive substrate 21 (for example, an aluminum plate).

  First, the isolator 12 and the circulator 6 will be described.

  The first central conductor 22 of the isolator 12 and the second central conductor 23 of the circulator 6 are integrally manufactured by processing such as punching a copper plate. The first center conductor 22 and the second center conductor 23 have a star shape in which strip-shaped conductors 22 and 23 are formed radially at intervals of 60 °, and the first center conductor 22 and the second center conductor 22 Each conductor 22a, 23a is connected to the center conductor 23 by a connecting portion 24. A flat plate portion 25 having a required area is formed in the middle of the connecting portion 24.

  Further, the connecting conductors 26 and 27 are formed to extend in the opposite direction from the conductors 22b and 23b which are 120 ° apart from the conductors 22a and 23a. The connection conductor 27 is an output terminal 16 as shown in FIG.

  In the isolator 12, a circular ferrite 29 is interposed between the first central conductor 22 and the conductor substrate 21, and the isolator 12 has a circular ferrite 30 and a circular conductor plate 31 for grounding ( For example, an aluminum disk) is polymerized, and a circular permanent magnet 33 is provided concentrically. The permanent magnet 33 generates a DC magnetic field perpendicular to the surface of the first central conductor 22, and the ferrite 29 and the ferrite 30 receive a DC magnetic field and exhibit a magnetorotation effect. The circular conductor plate 31 is electrically connected to the conductor substrate 21 by connection means (not shown).

  The terminator 13 is connected to the conductors 22a and 22c that are 120 ° apart from the conductors 22a. The terminator 13 has a printed board 34 having the same thickness as the ferrite 29, a resistor 35 is mounted on the printed board 34, and the conductor 22 c is connected to the resistor 35.

  The circulator 6 has a structure equivalent to that of the isolator 12, and a ferrite 36 is interposed between the second central conductor 23 and the conductor substrate 21, and a ferrite 37 is placed on the second central conductor 23. A circular conductor plate 38 (for example, an aluminum disc) and a permanent magnet 39 are superposed.

  In the attenuator 14, an attenuation circuit is formed on a printed circuit board 33 having the same thickness as the ferrite 36. The conductor 23c of the second central conductor 23 is connected to the attenuation circuit, and the attenuation circuit The second terminal 18 extends.

  A dielectric 40 is provided between the flat plate portion 25 and the conductive substrate 21, and the flat plate portion 25, the conductive substrate 21, and the dielectric 40 constitute an impedance matching element. 2 to 4, members that serve as the magnetic path of the DC magnetic field are not particularly illustrated, but may be appropriately provided using a magnetic material as in Patent Document 1. The polymerization of each ferrite may be performed by adhesion or may be pressed by a magnetic path member.

  The directional coupler 5 will be described.

  A rectangular printed circuit board 41 is fixed to the conductor substrate 21 adjacent to the ferrite 29. The printed circuit board 41 is made of a dielectric material. Conductor layers are formed on both surfaces, and a coupler pattern 42 for forming a directional coupler is formed on the upper surface.

  The coupler pattern 42 includes a main line portion 43 that passes straight through the printed circuit board 41 and a sub conductor portion 44 that has a parallel portion with the main line portion 43. The connection conductor 26 is connected, and the input terminal 15 is connected to the other end. One end of the sub conductor portion 44 is connected to a peripheral ground pattern 46 via a resistor 45, and the first terminal 17 is connected to the other end of the sub conductor portion 44.

  A printed circuit board 47 and a conductive plate lid 48 (for example, an aluminum plate) having the same outer dimensions are superposed on the printed circuit board 41, and are fastened to the conductive substrate 21 by required means, for example, bolts. The printed circuit board 47 has a conductor layer formed on both sides thereof, the conductor layer on the lower surface has a portion that interferes with the coupler pattern 42 removed, and the remaining portion is a ground pattern. The printed circuit board 47 is notched so as not to interfere with the connection conductor 26, the input terminal 15, the resistor 45, and the first terminal 17. Further, through holes are provided in the ground pattern portions of the printed circuit board 41 and the printed circuit board 47, and the ground patterns of the respective layers are conductive. The coupler pattern 42 is shielded by the printed circuit board 41 and the printed circuit board 47.

  A stop hole 49 is formed at a required position of the conductor substrate 21, for example, at the four corners, and the directional coupling device 11 can be incorporated into a required circuit with a bolt or the like, and the input terminal 15, The heights of the output terminal 16, the first terminal 17, and the second terminal 18 from the bottom surface of the conductor substrate 21 are the same.

  As described with reference to FIG. 1, when the input terminal 15 is input, the signal is adjusted to a one-way signal by the isolator 12 and the circulator 6 and output from the output terminal 16. When the reflected wave enters from the output terminal 16, the reflected wave is taken out by the circulator 6, attenuated to a required level by the attenuator 14, and sent out from the second terminal 18. The reflected wave that has entered the isolator 12 is converted into thermal energy by the terminator 13 and disappears. The directional coupler 5 can be of various types such as a branch line type in addition to the distributed coupling type as described above.

  In the directional coupling device 11 described above, wiring for connecting the directional coupler 5, the isolator 12, and the circulator 6 is not required, the size can be reduced, the insertion loss is reduced, and the electrical characteristics are improved. In addition, miniaturization and integration can be achieved, and furthermore, these wiring operations can be omitted, so that the cost can be reduced.

  By configuring the directional coupling device 11 as described above, sufficient isolation is obtained, and interference waves entering from the antenna do not appear at the first terminal 17, so that accurate output power and distortion can be achieved at the first terminal 17. And the reflected power of the antenna with high accuracy can be measured at the second terminal 18. Further, since the permanent magnet 33 and the permanent magnet 39 are configured separately, the center frequency of the non-reciprocal circuit element is changed to an optimum value by changing the strength of the DC magnetic field by slightly shifting the permanent magnet from the concentric core during manufacture. Can be adjusted.

  The second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

  5 and 6, the same components as those shown in FIG. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  The wiring board 51 of the amplifier circuit 1 is attached to a metal housing, for example, an aluminum heat sink 52, and the directional coupling device 11 is incorporated into the wiring board 51.

  The wiring board 51 is provided with a fitting hole 53 having the same shape as the conductor board 21, and the heat sink 52 is formed with a recess 54 in which the conductor board 21 is fitted at the same position as the fitting hole 53. Is done.

  A ground pattern 55 is formed around the fitting hole 53, and the ground pattern 55 has portions corresponding to the input terminal 15, the output terminal 16, the first terminal 17, and the second terminal 18. Lacking portions 56 and 57 are formed, an output line 58 from a power amplifier is formed in the lacking portion 56 corresponding to the input terminal 15, and a duplexer is provided in the lacking portion 57 corresponding to the output terminal 16. Input line 59 is formed (see FIG. 7).

  When the conductor substrate 21 is fitted into the recess 54, the input terminal 15 matches the output line 58, and the connection conductor 27 matches the input line 59. Although not shown, the terminals of the first terminal 17 and the second terminal 18 also correspond to the corresponding lines on the wiring board 51.

  The shapes of the input terminal 15 and the connection conductor 27 are controlled so that impedances are matched when connected, and the input terminal 15 and the output line 58, and the connection conductor 27 and the input line 59 are soldered. In addition, the directional coupling device 11 and each circuit of the wiring board 51 can be connected at the shortest distance without using lead wires.

  After the directional coupling device 11 is incorporated into the wiring board 51, a metal, for example, aluminum lid 61 is attached to the heat sink 52 with a bolt or the like. A partition 62 is formed on the lid 61 so as to surround the directional coupling device 11, and the partition 62 is crimped to the ground pattern 55. Further, notches 63 are formed in portions of the partition 62 corresponding to the terminals.

  In FIG. 6, reference numeral 64 denotes a component mounted on the wiring board 51.

  By attaching the lid 61, the directional coupling device 11 is housed in a shield case constituted by the heat sink 52 and the lid 61. At this time, if the distance between the permanent magnet 33, the permanent magnet 39 and the lid 61 is narrow, the coupling via the lid occurs and the isolation is lowered.

  According to the second embodiment, by incorporating the directional coupling device 11 into an amplifier, power consumption of about 10 W per amplifier can be saved. For example, a base station having a 12-slot amplifier has about 120 W of power. Can be saved.

  In the above embodiment, the directional coupler 5, the isolator 12, and the circulator 6 are integrally configured. However, either the isolator 12 or the circulator 6 may be omitted, or both may be used as the circulator 6. Good.

It is a basic composition figure showing an embodiment of the invention. It is a top view which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is A arrow directional view of FIG. It is a block diagram of the amplifier which has a directional circuit of a prior art example.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Amplification circuit 5 Directional coupler 6 Circulator 11 Directional coupling device 12 Isolator 13 Terminator 14 Attenuator 21 Conductor board 41 Printed circuit board 42 Pattern for coupler 51 Wiring board 61 Lid

Claims (1)

  A directional coupling device in which a non-reciprocal circuit element and a directional coupler formed on a dielectric substrate are integrally provided on a single conductive substrate, a wiring board, a metal casing, and a lid are provided. The wiring board is attached to the casing, and through the hole formed in the wiring board, the conductor board is fitted into the recess formed in the casing, and the terminal protruding from the directional coupling device is the wiring board. The wireless communication device is characterized in that the directional coupling device is shielded by being connected to a corresponding line of the device and attaching the lid to the housing.

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