JP4410233B2 - Combine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a combine.

Conventionally, as one form of combine, fuel supply amount control is performed in response to engine load change, and output control that automatically keeps the engine speed constant is automatically performed, so that the rotation of the threshing portion can be reduced by increasing or decreasing the load. There is a device that eliminates the problem of changing (for example, see Patent Document 1).
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 64-9537

However, with the above-described combine, the engine can run at a high speed (rated speed) even during work that can be performed at low speeds, such as during lubrication, the engine output becomes larger than necessary, fuel is easily consumed, and vibration and noise are reduced. There is a problem that cannot be reduced.

Furthermore, when the harvesting operation is performed, the threshing clutch is turned off to stop the threshing unit, and even if the machine is stopped running, the engine maintains a high rotation (rated rotation), and wasteful fuel consumption, vibration and noise There is a problem that cannot be reduced.

In addition, when the grain remaining in the threshing tank is taken out to a truck that is transported to a country elevator or the like, if the engine maintains a high speed (rated speed), the clutch of the grain discharge conveyor is turned on to There is a problem that the transmission belt that transmits power to the conveyor slips due to sudden increase, the clutch is easily damaged, the rotation is abnormally lowered at the start of the conveyor, and the grains are clogged at the conveyor feed start end.

Therefore, in the present invention, the electronic governor is provided with an electronic governor that automatically performs output control to keep the rotational speed of the engine substantially constant, and the automatic governor is provided with an automatic output switch that operates the engine at a rated speed. In the combine that automatically controls the output of the engine by the operation, the electronic governor includes a rack position sensor that detects a fuel injection amount of the engine, a rotation sensor that detects the rotational speed of the engine, and an operator The engine is connected to an accelerator sensor that detects the amount of operation of the accelerator and a sensor that detects the operation position of the main shift lever, and when the automatic output switch is off, the rotation of the engine is manually adjusted by the accelerator sensor input. When the automatic output switch is on, the grain discharge clutch is disengaged and the threshing clutch is engaged When the harvesting operation is performed while maintaining the engine at the rated speed, and when the threshing clutch is disengaged, when the stop of the traveling crawler is detected by the vehicle speed sensor input, the engine is operated at idling rotation and the main shift lever is input by the shift sensor input. When an operation other than neutral is detected, the rotation of the engine is gradually returned to the rated speed, while when the automatic output switch is on, the grain discharge clutch is on and the rated speed is higher than the idling speed. The grain rotation auger is started by automatically controlling the engine rotation to a lower starting rotation, gradually increasing the engine from the starting rotation to the rated rotation, and rotating the engine to the rated rotation for transporting the grains in the grain tank. The present invention provides a combine that is configured to be taken out to a truck bed .

In the present invention, an electronic governor (58) that automatically performs output control for keeping the rotational speed of the engine (21) substantially constant is provided, and the electronic governor (58) automatically operates the engine (21) at a rated speed. In the combine which provides an output switch (65) and automatically controls the output of the engine (21) by operating the automatic output switch (65), the electronic governor (58) is a fuel for the engine (21). A rack position sensor (61) for detecting the injection amount, a rotation sensor (62) for detecting the rotational speed of the engine, an accelerator sensor (63) for detecting the operation amount of the accelerator by the operator, and a main speed change lever (68) ) Is connected to a sensor (69) for detecting the operation position, and when the automatic output switch (65) is OFF, the accelerator sensor (63) is input to When the rotation of the gin (21) is manually adjusted and the automatic output switch (65) is on, the grain discharge clutch (48) is turned off, and the engine (21 ) Is maintained at the rated speed, and the harvesting operation is performed. When the threshing clutch (33) is disengaged, if the stop of the traveling crawler (2) is detected by the input of the vehicle speed sensor (72), the engine (21) is rotated idling. When the operation other than neutral of the main transmission lever (68) is detected by the input of the transmission sensor (69), the rotation of the engine (21) is gradually returned to the rated rotation, while the automatic output switch (65 ) Is on, the grain discharge clutch (48) is engaged, and the engine (21) is automatically rotated to a starting rotation that is higher than the idling rotation and lower than the rated rotation. Then, the grain discharge auger (17) is started, the engine (21) is gradually raised from the starting rotation to the rated rotation, and the engine (21) is rotated at the rated speed to carry the grain in the grain tank (15). It is configured to be taken out to a truck bed for use .
Therefore, even if the accelerator operation is forgotten, the engine output necessary for starting can be ensured, and problems such as starting with idling rotation and stopping the engine (21) due to insufficient output can be eliminated.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an engine output control circuit diagram,
2 is an overall side view of the combine, FIG. 3 is a plan view thereof, and (1) is a traveling crawler (2
), (3) is a machine base installed on the track frame (1),
(4) is a threshing unit, which is a threshing machine in which the feed chain (5) is stretched on the left side and the handling cylinder (6) and the processing cylinder (7) are built in. (8) is the cutting blade (9) and the culm A cutting part provided with a transport mechanism (10), etc., (11) is a hydraulic lifting cylinder that raises and lowers the cutting part (8) via a cutting frame (12), and (13) is a discharge that faces the end of the waste chain (14). The cocoon processing part, (15) is the threshing part (4)
A grain tank for carrying in the grain from the milling cylinder (16), (17) is the tank (15
) The grain discharge auger that carries the grain out of the machine, (18) is the operation section (19) and the driver's seat (
20) is a water-cooled diesel engine provided below the operation cabin (18), and is configured to continuously harvest and thresh the culm.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the power of the engine (21) is transmitted to the counter case (22) via a drive shaft (23) with a universal joint, and the threshing output shaft (24), the sorting output shaft (25), The cutting output shaft (26) and the travel output shaft (27) are provided in the counter case (22). A dust feed fan that drives the handling cylinder (6) and the processing cylinder (7) via a threshing pulley (28) provided on the threshing output shaft (24) and is disposed below the handling cylinder (6), First conveyor, second conveyor, swing drive shaft, suction / exhaust dust fan, waste cutter, etc.
It is configured to be driven via the sorting pulley (29) of 5).

Further, an input shaft (22) of the counter case (22) for connecting the drive shaft (23)
30) A working hydraulic pump (31) is provided on the pump, the pump (31) is driven via the input shaft (30), and the hydraulic oil in the counter case (22), which also serves as an oil tank, is supplied to the lifting cylinder (11).
) And the like, and the input shaft (30) is always connected to the travel output shaft (27) and the work shaft (32), and the work shaft (32) is connected via the hydraulic threshing clutch (33). The threshing output shaft (24) is connected to the sorting output shaft (25), the threshing output shaft (24) is connected to the sorting output shaft (25), and the pulleys (28) (29) are driven via the threshing clutch (33). 4) It is configured to transmit power to each part.

The working shaft (32) is connected to the cutting output shaft (26) via a hydraulic cutting clutch (34), and the cutting output shaft (26) is pivotally supported by a cutting pulley (35), and the cutting portion (8 ) Is provided with an input pulley (37) on a cutting input single shaft (36) that drives each part of the feed chain (5), and the feed chain (5) is driven through the single shaft (36). Clutch (3
The two cutting shafts (39) are connected via 8), and the power is transmitted to each portion of the cutting portion (8).

In addition, a travel pulley (40) is pivotally supported on the travel output shaft (27), and a travel speed change case (41) for driving the pair of left and right travel crawlers (2) (2) is provided, and a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor are provided. The built-in hydraulic continuously variable transmission (42) is attached to the traveling transmission case (41), the transmission input shaft (43) of the transmission (42) is belt-connected to the traveling pulley (40) of the traveling output shaft (27), The engine (21) constantly rotates the speed change input shaft (43) by the power, and the left and right traveling crawlers (2) (2) via the speed change gear in the speed change case (41) by the speed change output of the transmission (42). Is configured to be driven.

The traveling speed change case (41) is provided with a vehicle speed synchronization output shaft (44), and a traveling crawler (
The output shaft (44) is rotated at an increased or reduced speed in proportion to the forward travel speed of 2), and the output shaft (4
4) A vehicle speed tuning pulley (46) pivotally supported via a one-way clutch (45) and an input pulley (37) of the cutting input single shaft (36) are connected via a tension roller type cutting clutch (47). Connect the belt. Further, a vehicle speed tuning pulley (46) is belt-connected to the cutting pulley (35), and when the cutting clutch (47) is engaged, the vehicle speed tuning output shaft (44) is in a low-speed running state.
When the rotational speed is lower than the rotational output shaft (26) rotational speed, one shaft (3
6) is driven while the rotational speed of the vehicle speed tuning output shaft (44) in the high-speed running state is the cutting output shaft (2
6) When the rotational speed is higher than the rotation speed, the one shaft (36) is driven by the vehicle speed tuning output shaft (44), and the cutting unit (8) and the feed chain (5) are driven at a speed proportional to the traveling speed. It is composed.

Also, tension roller type auger clutch (48) and V
A pulley (52) (53) for connecting the auger input shaft (51) to the output shaft (50) of the engine (21) via the belt (49), and a lateral feed auger (54) on the auger input shaft (51). A bevel gear (55) to be connected is provided to take out the output of the engine (21), and a vertical feed auger (56) for connecting the grain discharge auger (17) to the horizontal feed auger (54) is provided.
56) A clutch (57) that engages and disengages when the grain tank (15) rotates horizontally around the axis.
The engine (21) output is transmitted to each auger (54) (56) (17), and the grain in the grain tank (15) is carried out to a truck bed by each auger (54) (56) (17). It is configured as follows.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, an electronic governor (58) for automatically performing output control for keeping the rotational speed of the engine (21) substantially constant is provided. A fuel injection pump (59) for the engine (21) is provided.
A fuel injection solenoid (60) that is a rack solenoid for adjusting the fuel injection amount of the motor, a rack position sensor (61) for detecting the fuel injection amount of the solenoid (60), and an engine (21
) And a potentiometer type accelerator sensor (63) for detecting the amount of operation of the accelerator lever or pedal operated by the operator,
The electronic governor controller (64) is connected to constitute the electronic governor (58), and the fuel supply amount of the engine (21) is controlled by the solenoid (60) based on the detection results of the sensors (61) and (62). Is automatically adjusted, and output control is performed to maintain the rotational speed of the engine (21) at the rated speed (substantially constant) even when the load of the engine (21) changes.

The fuel injection solenoid (60) is automatically controlled to cause the engine (21) to rotate at a rated speed (
An automatic output switch (65) operated at an output of about 90% of the maximum output, for example, 2400 revolutions, and a threshing clutch (66) of the threshing clutch lever (66) of the operation operation unit (19)
33) A threshing switch (67) for detecting an on / off operation, and a shift lever (
68) potentiometer type shift sensor (69 for detecting the position of operation (forward-neutral-reverse))
) And a grain discharge switch (7) for detecting an on / off operation of the auger clutch (48) of the grain discharge clutch lever (70) provided at the front end of the driving operation section (19) or the grain discharge conveyor (17).
1) and a pickup type vehicle speed sensor (72) for detecting the vehicle speed by the rotation of the traveling crawler (2) is connected to the electronic governor controller (64), and by turning off the automatic output switch (65) The electronic governor (58) automatic control is canceled and the automatic output switch (65) is turned on to perform the electronic governor (58) automatic control. When the threshing clutch (33) is engaged, the engine (21 ) At the rated speed, and the engine (2) as shown in FIG. 6 under the state where the threshing clutch (33) is turned off and the shift sensor (69) is neutrally detected.
1) Idling rotation, gradually returning to the rated rotation by speed change operation (in about 2 to 3 seconds), and further setting the rotation speed of the grain discharge auger (17) to the engine (21) by engaging the auger clutch (48). After the rotation is temporarily changed, the engine (21) is rated to rotate to discharge the grain in the grain tank (15).

As apparent from the above, in the combine that automatically controls the output of the engine (21), an automatic output switch (65) for operating the engine (21) at a rated speed is provided, and the automatic output switch (65) is turned on. When the threshing clutch (33) is turned on, the engine (21) is automatically kept at the rated speed, and the automatic output switch (65) is turned on to turn the threshing clutch (33).
When the is off, the stop of the machine is detected and the engine (21) is automatically operated by idling rotation. When the automatic output switch (65) is turned off, the rated rotational operation of the engine (21) is stopped. When working at a low speed, such as when oiling, wasteful fuel consumption can be prevented, vibration and noise can be reduced, and when the threshing part (4) is operated by engaging the threshing clutch (33), the engine (21 ) Is operated at the rated speed and improves the threshing performance, while the threshing section (4) is stopped and the machine is stopped so that the engine (21) is operated at idling rotation without operating the accelerator. It is possible to save fuel and improve worker comfort by reducing vibration and noise.

In addition, it detects the traveling speed change operation and automatically returns the engine (21) from the idling rotation to the rated speed. The traveling speed change operation returns the engine (21) to the rated speed, and the vehicle starts even if the accelerator operation is forgotten. The engine output required at times can be ensured. For example, the engine (21) is started by idling rotation and the engine (21) is stopped due to insufficient output.

Further, the operation of operating the cereal discharge conveyor (17) to take out the grains from the grain tank (15) and automatically operating the engine (21) at the rated rotation is performed. The engine (21) output shortage is prevented during the grain discharge of 15), and the problem that the engine (21) stops due to overload during the grain discharge is configured.

Moreover, the operation which takes out the grain of the grain tank (15) by operating the grain discharge auger (17) is detected, and after the engine (21) is temporarily lowered from the rated speed, it is automatically returned to the rated speed. Therefore, when the clutch (48) is engaged with the grain discharge auger (17), the rotation of the engine (21) is reduced, and a rapid increase in the starting load of the grain discharge auger (17) is prevented. 17) prevents slipping of the transmission belt (49) that transmits power to the clutch 17 and damage to the clutch (48), and the rotation of the grain discharge auger (17) abnormally decreases when the grain discharge auger (17) is started. It is configured to eliminate problems such as grain clogging.

Moreover, the grain discharge sensor (73) which detects the grain quantity inside a grain tank (15) is provided, and when the operation | work which takes out the grain of a grain tank (15) is complete | finished, an engine (21) is operated by idling rotation. The operation is automatically performed, and the operator can confirm the end of the grain discharge from the grain tank (15) by the idling rotation operation, and the idling rotation operation by the operator can be omitted.

This embodiment is configured as described above. As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 7, when the automatic output switch (65) is off, the engine (21) is input by the accelerator sensor (63).
) Is manually adjusted, and when the automatic output switch (65) is on, the engine (21) load is calculated by the inputs of the engine rotation sensor (62) and the rack position sensor (61), and the grain is discharged. When the clutch (48) is disengaged and the threshing clutch (33) is on, the engine (21) is maintained at the rated speed and the harvesting operation is performed.

When the threshing clutch (33) is disengaged and the stop of the traveling crawler (2) is detected by the input of the vehicle speed sensor (72), the engine (21) is operated at idling rotation and the input of the shift sensor (69) When the main transmission lever (68) is operated in a position other than neutral,
The rotation of the engine (21) is gradually increased (after about 2 to 3 seconds) to the rated rotation, and the engine (21) is moved forward or backward with the rated rotation.

When the auger clutch (48) is turned on, the engine (21) rotation is automatically controlled to start rotation (about 500 rotations lower than the rated rotation) for starting the grain discharge auger (17),
The engine (21) is gradually rotated from the starting rotation (for example, 1800) to the rated rotation (for example, 240).
The engine (21) is rotated at a rated speed and the grains in the grain tank (15) are taken out to a truck bed for transportation. The engine (21) is rotated at a speed lower than the rated speed, and the clutch ( 48) Reduce the impact at the time of engagement from the rated rotation, and when the clutch (48) is engaged, make the engine (21) higher than the idling rotation to prevent insufficient rotation when the clutch (48) is engaged. Grains are prevented from clogging at the transfer portions of the feeding auger (54) and the longitudinal feeding auger (56). Further, when the grain of the tank (15) is discharged by driving the auger (17), the grain discharge sensor (73) detects the grain discharge of the tank (15), and the engine (
The operation of idling rotation 21) is automatically performed, and the engine (21) is operated at idling rotation.

The engine output control circuit diagram. The whole side view of a combine. The whole top view of a combine. Engine drive system diagram. Engine output diagram. Engine rotation sensor output diagram. The engine rotation control flowchart.

(15) Grain tank (17) Grain discharge auger (grain discharge conveyor)
(21) Engine (33) Threshing clutch (65) Automatic output switch

Claims (1)

An automatic output switch (65) that includes an electronic governor (58) that automatically performs output control to keep the rotational speed of the engine (21) substantially constant, and causes the electronic governor (58) to operate the engine (21) at a rated speed. In the combine that automatically controls the output of the engine (21) by operating the automatic output switch (65),
The electronic governor (58) includes a rack position sensor (61) for detecting the fuel injection amount of the engine (21), a rotation sensor (62) for detecting the rotational speed of the engine, and an accelerator operation amount by an operator. Connected to an accelerator sensor (63) for detecting the position of the main shift lever (68) and a sensor (69) for detecting the operation position of the main transmission lever (68),
When the automatic output switch (65) is off, the rotation of the engine (21) is manually adjusted by the accelerator sensor (63) input,
When the automatic output switch (65) is on, the grain discharge clutch (48) is disengaged, and the harvesting operation is performed while maintaining the engine (21) at the rated speed with the threshing clutch (33) engaged. ,
When the threshing clutch (33) is disengaged and the stop of the traveling crawler (2) is detected by the input of the vehicle speed sensor (72), the engine (21) is operated at idling rotation, and the main shift is performed by the input of the shift sensor (69). When an operation other than neutral of the lever (68) is detected, the rotation of the engine (21) is gradually returned to the rated rotation,
When the automatic output switch (65) is turned on, the grain discharge clutch (48) is turned on, and the engine (21) rotation is automatically controlled to a starting rotation higher than the idling rotation and lower than the rated rotation. The grain discharge auger (17) is started, the engine (21) is gradually raised from the starting rotation to the rated rotation, and the engine (21) is rotated to the rated rotation to transfer the grains in the grain tank (15) to the truck bed for transportation. Combines that are structured to be taken out .

Images