JP4405157B2 - 重合触媒 - Google Patents
重合触媒 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4405157B2 JP4405157B2 JP2002589494A JP2002589494A JP4405157B2 JP 4405157 B2 JP4405157 B2 JP 4405157B2 JP 2002589494 A JP2002589494 A JP 2002589494A JP 2002589494 A JP2002589494 A JP 2002589494A JP 4405157 B2 JP4405157 B2 JP 4405157B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sup
- iii
- polymerization
- catalyst
- hydrocarbyl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 16
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 80
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- -1 hydrocarbyl boron compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nonene Chemical compound CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 9
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- OSCBARYHPZZEIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenoxyboronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 OSCBARYHPZZEIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Heptene Chemical compound CCCCCC=C ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VQOXUMQBYILCKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Tridecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC=C VQOXUMQBYILCKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ADOBXTDBFNCOBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-heptadecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C ADOBXTDBFNCOBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GQEZCXVZFLOKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexadecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C GQEZCXVZFLOKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PJLHTVIBELQURV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-pentadecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C PJLHTVIBELQURV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tetradecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC=C HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DCTOHCCUXLBQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-undecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC=C DCTOHCCUXLBQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-pentene Chemical compound CC(C)CC=C WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VAMFXQBUQXONLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-alpha-eicosene Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C VAMFXQBUQXONLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NHLUYCJZUXOUBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonadec-1-ene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C NHLUYCJZUXOUBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CCCMONHAUSKTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadec-1-ene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C CCCMONHAUSKTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1 -dodecene Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=C CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940106006 1-eicosene Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- FIKTURVKRGQNQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-eicosene Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=CC(O)=O FIKTURVKRGQNQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BRTALTYTFFNPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N boroxin Chemical compound B1OBOBO1 BRTALTYTFFNPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940069096 dodecene Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000538 pentafluorophenyl group Chemical group FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(*)C(F)=C1F 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- LALRXNPLTWZJIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylborane Chemical compound CCB(CC)CC LALRXNPLTWZJIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WXRGABKACDFXMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylborane Chemical compound CB(C)C WXRGABKACDFXMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MXSVLWZRHLXFKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylborane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1B(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 MXSVLWZRHLXFKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ANEFWEBMQHRDLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl) borate Chemical compound FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1OB(OC=1C(=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C=1F)F)OC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F ANEFWEBMQHRDLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims 2
- ZOICEQJZAWJHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)boron Chemical compound [B]C1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F ZOICEQJZAWJHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 89
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 abstract description 30
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 16
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical group [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 66
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 52
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 37
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 33
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 19
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 16
- AQZWEFBJYQSQEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyloxaluminane Chemical compound C[Al]1CCCCO1 AQZWEFBJYQSQEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 13
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 13
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 12
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002879 Lewis base Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 150000007527 lewis bases Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 8
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 7
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 7
- 238000012685 gas phase polymerization Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 5
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisobutylaluminium Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al](CC(C)C)CC(C)C MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000006737 (C6-C20) arylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- UWRZIZXBOLBCON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethenamine Chemical compound NC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 UWRZIZXBOLBCON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-2-ene Chemical compound CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LWNGJAHMBMVCJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenoxy)boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)OC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F LWNGJAHMBMVCJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IDHCQGUWHXGMQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-acetylpyridin-3-yl)ethanone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1C(C)=O IDHCQGUWHXGMQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001462 1-pyrrolyl group Chemical group [*]N1C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011954 Ziegler–Natta catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001558 benzoic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- SESFRYSPDFLNCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl benzoate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 SESFRYSPDFLNCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 2
- ULDHMXUKGWMISQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N carvone Chemical compound CC(=C)C1CC=C(C)C(=O)C1 ULDHMXUKGWMISQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexene Chemical compound C1CCC=CC1 HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BOXSCYUXSBYGRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopenta-1,3-diene;iron(3+) Chemical compound [Fe+3].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 BOXSCYUXSBYGRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- HHFAWKCIHAUFRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxide Chemical compound CC[O-] HHFAWKCIHAUFRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012968 metallocene catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBTOZLQBSIZIKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxide Chemical compound [O-]C NBTOZLQBSIZIKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920005606 polypropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OGHBATFHNDZKSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-olate Chemical compound CC(C)[O-] OGHBATFHNDZKSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920001384 propylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- KPJDDOVCRDRPBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-benzoylpyridin-3-yl)-phenylmethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CN=C(C(=O)C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KPJDDOVCRDRPBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- SSDGMKHZMNTWLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trimethylpyrazol-4-amine Chemical compound CC1=NN(C)C(C)=C1N SSDGMKHZMNTWLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-pyrrole Natural products C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BEZVGIHGZPLGBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-diacetylpyridine Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(C)=O)=N1 BEZVGIHGZPLGBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMAOLVNGLTWICC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluoro-5-methylbenzonitrile Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(F)C(C#N)=C1 CMAOLVNGLTWICC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ACZGCWSMSTYWDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3h-1-benzofuran-2-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(=O)CC2=C1 ACZGCWSMSTYWDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005973 Carvone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910018286 SbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012963 UV stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001345 alkine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005234 alkyl aluminium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002178 anthracenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002903 benzyl benzoate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001728 carbonyl compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HYZXMVILOKSUKA-UHFFFAOYSA-K chloro(dimethyl)alumane;dichloro(methyl)alumane Chemical compound C[Al](C)Cl.C[Al](Cl)Cl HYZXMVILOKSUKA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001923 cyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YNLAOSYQHBDIKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M diethylaluminium chloride Chemical compound CC[Al](Cl)CC YNLAOSYQHBDIKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GGSUCNLOZRCGPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylaniline Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 GGSUCNLOZRCGPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- XNMQEEKYCVKGBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylacetylene Natural products CC#CC XNMQEEKYCVKGBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JGHYBJVUQGTEEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethylalumanylium;chloride Chemical compound C[Al](C)Cl JGHYBJVUQGTEEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UAIZDWNSWGTKFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L ethylaluminum(2+);dichloride Chemical compound CC[Al](Cl)Cl UAIZDWNSWGTKFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940083124 ganglion-blocking antiadrenergic secondary and tertiary amines Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004404 heteroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000002443 hydroxylamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003701 inert diluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000092 linear low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004707 linear low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- YSTQWZZQKCCBAY-UHFFFAOYSA-L methylaluminum(2+);dichloride Chemical compound C[Al](Cl)Cl YSTQWZZQKCCBAY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZUGJLOCXUNFLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenylaniline Chemical compound C=CNC1=CC=CC=C1 PZUGJLOCXUNFLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006384 oligomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013110 organic ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003003 phosphines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphite(3-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005629 polypropylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920013730 reactive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012748 slip agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical class [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007944 thiolates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005490 tosylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000008648 triflates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LFXVBWRMVZPLFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctylalumane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Al](CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC LFXVBWRMVZPLFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001665 trituration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002221 trityl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C([*])(C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1[H])[H])[H])[H])[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- QMBQEXOLIRBNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L zirconocene dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zr+4].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 QMBQEXOLIRBNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F15/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table
- C07F15/06—Cobalt compounds
- C07F15/065—Cobalt compounds without a metal-carbon linkage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F15/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table
- C07F15/02—Iron compounds
- C07F15/025—Iron compounds without a metal-carbon linkage
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
- Polymerization Catalysts (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
Description
ここにおいて、D,W,Y及びZはCR、CRR’,N,NR,O,S,PR又はPRR’から各々独立して選択され、ここでR及びR’は各々独立してH,C1−C10アルキル、C1−C10へテロアルキル又はC6−C20アリール又はアラルキルであり、但しD,W,Y及びZのうちの少なくとも1つはCR又はCRR’ではない。環が二つのD,W,Y及びZがCRであって、他の2つがN,NR,O又はSから独立して選択される、ヘテロ芳香族であると好ましい。
a)一つ又はそれ以上の1−オレフィンと触媒システムとを接触させることによりプレポリマーベース触媒を調製し、そして、
b)プレポリマーベース触媒を一つ又はそれ以上の1−オレフィンと接触させる
ステップからなり、触媒システムが上記規定のものである方法からなる。
実施例1:「リガンド1」の調製、2,6−ジ−[(1,3,5−トリメチル−4−ピラゾーリル)エタンイミドーリル]ピリジン(2,6−di−[(1,3,5−trimethyl−4−pyrazolyl)ethanimidoyl]pyridine)
酢酸(氷酢酸、触媒量)をエタノール(10mL,無水)中のジアセチルピリジンの溶液(1mmol,1eq.)及び4−アミノ−1,3,5−トリメチルピラゾール(4mmol,4eq.)へ添加した。混合物を窒素下にて16時間、活性化された分子篩(3A)で満たされた懸濁ソクスレーシンブル(Soxhlet thimble)を含む試験管中にて還流した。この後、混合物を減圧下濃縮し、オレンジ色の油状の固体として粗製物を生じさせた。石油エーテルを伴った粉砕が砂色の固体を提供し、この固体はIR及び1H NMR分光分析法によって所望の化合物であることが後に断定された。
グローブボックス中にて、リガンド1(0.05mmol,18.9mg)をFeCl2(0.05mmol)と混合しTHF(2.0mL)を添加した。溶媒を真空下除去し緑色の粉体を提供する前に、混合物を室温にて1時間攪拌した。
0.75mmol)。その結果得られたピンクの溶液を20mLのトルエンで希釈し、排出し、そしてエチレンで再度満たす前にシュレンク管(Schlenk tube)の重量測定をした。溶液を1時間の間攪拌し、1バールの圧力に調節されたエチレン供給に対して開放した。この後、フラスコを酸性化メタノールで急冷する前に再度重量測定した。獲得重量4.49gを書留め、これは活性1123g/mmol.時間.バールに相当した。
固体製品の13CNMR分析(/1000C):飽和末端、19.8;ビニル末端、17.4;エチル分岐1.9;ブチル(及びそれより長い)分岐0.7;内部オレフィン0.8
油のGC−MS分析(オレフィン,rel.面積):C6,2.55%;C8,8.07%;C10,11.10%;C12,13.16%;C14,13.55%;C16,13.04%;C18,11.63%;C20,9.26%;C22,6.79%;C24,4.92%;C26,2.27%;C28,0.49%;C30,測定不可能。
最初に形成された触媒溶液(0.004mmolのリガンド1を含むトルエン溶液0.5mL+トルエンの10%MAO0.5mL)を18.6mLトルエン及び0.4mL1−ヘキセン(2体積%1−ヘキセン)で希釈すること以外は、実施例2に記載のまさしくそのとおりに重合を実施した。その結果得られた溶液を1時間の間攪拌し、1バールの圧力に調節されたエチレン供給に対して開放した。この後、獲得重量4.79gを書留め、これは活性1198g/mmol.時間.バールに相当した。酸性化メタノールの添加により反応を急冷し、白い固体の重合体生成物を濾過により分離し、40℃にて一晩乾燥させた。GPC分析は、Mn=500,Mw=1500,Mw/Mn=2.9,Mpk=500を示した。固体製品の13CNMR分析(/1000C):エチル分岐2.2;ブチル分岐1.4;内部オレフィン2.0
トルエン(200mL)を、シリカ(ES70X等級、200℃一晩焼成、焼成後20.5g)を含む不活性雰囲気下の容器へ添加した。スラリーを機械的に攪拌し、MAO(1.5M、62.1mmol,41.4mL)を、注射器を介して添加した。過剰なトルエンを除去し真空下乾燥し、13重量%MAOをシリカ上に定量的な収量にて獲得する前に、混合物を1時間80℃にて攪拌した。
バイアル中へシリカ上13%MAO(100mg、実施例4によって調整された)を量り取った。バイアルに対し、次にトルエン(2mL)を添加し、スラリーを形成した。分離容器中にてリガンド1(0.05mmol,18.9mg)をFeCl2(0.05mmol)と混合し、THF(2.0ml)を添加した。溶媒が真空下除去され緑色の粉体を得る前に混合物を室温にて1時間攪拌した。粉体に対してトルエン(6.25mL)を添加し、細かな懸濁物を形成した。攪拌された懸濁物から、2.75mLアリコート(0.022mmolの複合体)を、シリカ上13%MAOのトルエンスラリーを含むバイアルに移した。その結果得られた混合物をシュレンク管(Schlenk tube)へ移し、80℃にて窒素下15分間加熱した。通常通り、緑色の固体が無色のトルエン上清の下に安定した。溶媒を真空(vacuo)にて除去し易流動性の緑色の粉体を得た。
シュレンク管(Schlenk tube)中へ実施例5にて調整された担持触媒(25mg,0.0055mmolFe)を量り取り、トルエン(20mL)を添加した。スカベンジャーを添加し(トルエンの10%MAO,1.0mL)、シュレンク管(Schlenk tube)を排出し、エチレンで再度満たした。次に、混合物を1バールのエチレン雰囲気下1時間攪拌し、その後、3.93gの質量−獲得(mass−gain)を記録し、これは活性786gPE/mmolFe/時間/バールに相当した。酸性化メタノールの添加により反応を急冷し、白い固体の重合体生成物を濾過により分離し、40℃にて一晩乾燥させた。GPC分析は、Mn=600,Mw=1600,Mw/Mn=2.7,Mpk=600を示した。固体製品の13CNMR分析(/1000C):エチル分岐2.3;ブチル分岐0.5
グローブボックス中にて、リガンド1(0.005mmol)をTHF(1.0mL)中のCoCl2(0.005mmol)と混合した。溶媒を真空下除去する前に混合物を室温にて1時間混合した。残留物に対して、トルエン(1.0mL)及びトルエンの10%MAO溶液(1.0mL)を添加した。その結果得られた溶液を0.6バールに調整されたエチレン供給下10分間攪拌した。この後、0.041gの重量−獲得を記録し、これは活性70g/mmol.時間.バールに相当した。
実施例1にリガンド1に関して概説されたものと類似の手順を用い、ジアセチルピリジンの代わりにジベンゾイルピリジンを用いてリガンド2を調製した。リガンドが>90%の純度であることが1H NMR及びIR分析によって判明した。
リガンド2の溶液(リガンド2を0.005mmolを含む0.5mLTHF溶液)をFeBr2の溶液(FeBr2を0.005mmolを含む0.5mLTHF溶液)へ添加し、深緑色の溶液を形成した。2時間攪拌後、溶媒を除去し、残留物をトルエン(1.5mL)中に再度溶解した。これに対してトルエン(0.5mL)の10%MAOを添加し、その結果得られた溶液をシュレンク管(Schlenk tube)へ移しトルエン(20mL)で希釈した。シュレンク管(Schlenk tube)を排出しエチレンで再度満たし、次に1バールのエチレン雰囲気下1時間攪拌した。3.07gの重量−獲得を記録し、これは活性614g/mmol.時間.バールに相当した。酸性化メタノールの添加により反応を急冷し、固体の重合体生成物を濾過により分離し、40℃にて一晩乾燥させた。固体製品の13CNMR分析(/1000C):エチル分岐1.6;ブチル分岐0.6
リガンド2の溶液(リガンド2を0.005mmol含む0.5mLTHF溶液)をFeBr2の溶液(FeBr2を0.005mmol含む0.5mLTHF溶液)へ添加し、深緑色の溶液を形成した。2時間攪拌後、溶媒を除去し、残留物をトルエン(1.5mL)中に再度溶解した。これに対してトルエン(0.5mL)の10%MAOを添加し、その結果得られた溶液をシュレンク管(Schlenk tube)へ移しトルエン(20mL)で希釈し、1−ヘキセン(0.5mL)を添加した。シュレンク管(Schlenk tube)を排出しエチレンで再度満たし、次に1バールエチレン雰囲気下1時間攪拌した。4.30gの重量−獲得を記録し、これは活性860g/mmol.時間.バールに相当した。
Claims (9)
- 以下の式(VII)で示される重合触媒。
式中、M[T]は、Fe[II]又はFe[III]であり;
Xは遷移金属Mに共有又はイオン結合した原子又は基を表し;
Tは遷移金属Mの酸化状態(oxidation state)であり;
bは原子又は基Xの原子価であり;
A 1 乃至A 3 は各々独立してCRであり;
R,R 4 及びR 6 は、水素、ハロゲン、ヒドロカルビル、置換ヒドロカルビル、ヘテロヒドロカルビル、置換ヘテロヒドロカルビル又はSiR’ 3 から各々独立して選択され、ここにおいて各々のR’は水素、ハロゲン、ヒドロカルビル、置換ヒドロカルビル、ヘテロヒドロカルビル及び置換ヘテロヒドロカルビルから独立して選択され;そして
R 5 及びR 7 は各々独立して、炭素原子を経て窒素原子に連結した下記の式(II)で示される5員ヘテロサイクリック置換基を示し;
LはMに供与結合した基であり;そして
nは0乃至5である。 - さらに、活性化剤を含む請求項1に記載の重合触媒。
- 活性化剤が有機アルミニウム化合物及びヒドロカルビルホウ素化合物から選択される請求項2に記載の重合触媒。
- 活性化剤がアルモキサンである請求項2に記載の重合触媒。
- 活性化剤がボロクシン(boroxine)、トリメチルホウ素、トリエチルホウ素、ジメチルフェニルアンモニウムテトラ(フェニル)ホウ酸塩、トリチルテトラ(フェニル)ホウ酸塩、トリフェニルホウ素、ジメチルフェニルアンモニウム、テトラ(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ホウ酸塩、ナトリウムテトラキス[(ビス−3,5−トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]ホウ酸塩、H+(OEt2)[(ビス−3,5−トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]ホウ酸塩、トリチルテトラ(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ホウ酸塩及びトリス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ホウ酸塩から選択される請求項2に記載の重合触媒。
- 活性化剤が陽イオン性酸化剤と非−配位の相溶性陰イオンの塩である請求項2に記載の重合触媒。
- 単量体を重合条件下、請求項1乃至6のいずれか一項に記載の重合触媒と接触させることからなる1−オレフィンの重合又は共重合方法。
- 単量体が、エチレン、プロピレン、1−ブテン、1−ペンテン、1−ヘキセン、4−メチルペンテン−1、1−ヘプテン、1−オクテン、1−ノネン、1−デセン、1−ウンデセン、1−ドデセン、1−トリデセン、1−テトラデセン、1−ペンタデセン、1−ヘキサデセン、1−ヘプタデセン、1−オクタデセン、1−ノナデセン及び1−エイコセンの一つ又はそれ以上からなる、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 単量体が、メチルメタクリレート、メチルアクリレート、ブチルアクリレート、アクリロニトリル、ビニルアセテート及びスチレンから選択される単量体の一つ又はそれ以上からなる、請求項7に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB0112023.7A GB0112023D0 (en) | 2001-05-17 | 2001-05-17 | Polymerisation catalyst |
PCT/GB2002/002247 WO2002092611A1 (en) | 2001-05-17 | 2002-05-14 | Polymerisation catalyst |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2005500264A JP2005500264A (ja) | 2005-01-06 |
JP4405157B2 true JP4405157B2 (ja) | 2010-01-27 |
Family
ID=9914789
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002589494A Expired - Fee Related JP4405157B2 (ja) | 2001-05-17 | 2002-05-14 | 重合触媒 |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7163990B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1387849B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4405157B2 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE353342T1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2446749A1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60218028T2 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2279870T3 (ja) |
GB (1) | GB0112023D0 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2002092611A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7008607B2 (en) * | 2002-10-25 | 2006-03-07 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Process for preparing hydrogen peroxide from the elements |
US20040102311A1 (en) * | 2002-11-21 | 2004-05-27 | Abbas Razavi | Bridged metallocene catalyst component, method of making, polyolefin catalyst having C1, C2, or Cs symmetry, methods of making, methods of polymerizing, olefins and products made thereof |
DE102004012106A1 (de) * | 2004-03-12 | 2005-09-29 | Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh | Verfahren zur Darstellung von Polyethylen und Katalysatorvorstufe |
US7945452B2 (en) * | 2005-04-11 | 2011-05-17 | Hospira, Inc. | User interface improvements for medical devices |
EP1918311A1 (en) * | 2006-10-31 | 2008-05-07 | Ineos Europe Limited | Diene polymerisation |
EP2343336A1 (en) | 2010-01-06 | 2011-07-13 | Unilever Plc, A Company Registered In England And Wales under company no. 41424 of Unilever House | Curing liquids |
US8877881B2 (en) | 2011-11-22 | 2014-11-04 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Catalyst compounds and use thereof |
WO2013077943A1 (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2013-05-30 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Catalyst compounds and use thereof |
CN106925348B (zh) * | 2015-12-31 | 2019-10-11 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 催化剂及其应用 |
ITUA20163932A1 (it) * | 2016-05-30 | 2017-11-30 | Versalis Spa | Complesso osso-azotato di ferro, sistema catalitico comprendente detto complesso osso-azotato di ferro e procedimento per la (co)polimerizzazione di dieni coniugati |
US10982019B2 (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2021-04-20 | Borealis Ag | Process for catalyst deactivation |
CN110721745B (zh) * | 2019-09-25 | 2020-09-08 | 中山大学 | 一种抗中毒的水溶性过氧化物分解催化剂及其制备方法和应用 |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3400988B2 (ja) * | 1997-09-05 | 2003-04-28 | ビーピー ケミカルズ リミテッド | 重合触媒 |
CN1347423A (zh) * | 1999-02-22 | 2002-05-01 | 伊斯曼化学公司 | 含有n-吡咯基取代的氮给电体的催化剂 |
JP3907475B2 (ja) * | 1999-08-20 | 2007-04-18 | ビーエーエスエフ アクチェンゲゼルシャフト | 不飽和化合物の重合用触媒 |
-
2001
- 2001-05-17 GB GBGB0112023.7A patent/GB0112023D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2002
- 2002-05-14 DE DE60218028T patent/DE60218028T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-14 CA CA002446749A patent/CA2446749A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-05-14 EP EP02738310A patent/EP1387849B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-14 JP JP2002589494A patent/JP4405157B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-05-14 AT AT02738310T patent/ATE353342T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-05-14 ES ES02738310T patent/ES2279870T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-14 WO PCT/GB2002/002247 patent/WO2002092611A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2002-05-14 US US10/477,734 patent/US7163990B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-12-05 US US11/633,561 patent/US7365139B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1387849B1 (en) | 2007-02-07 |
ES2279870T3 (es) | 2007-09-01 |
JP2005500264A (ja) | 2005-01-06 |
DE60218028T2 (de) | 2007-05-31 |
DE60218028D1 (de) | 2007-03-22 |
US20070161761A1 (en) | 2007-07-12 |
WO2002092611A1 (en) | 2002-11-21 |
CA2446749A1 (en) | 2002-11-21 |
EP1387849A1 (en) | 2004-02-11 |
US7365139B2 (en) | 2008-04-29 |
GB0112023D0 (en) | 2001-07-11 |
US7163990B2 (en) | 2007-01-16 |
US20040147389A1 (en) | 2004-07-29 |
ATE353342T1 (de) | 2007-02-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP4467185B2 (ja) | 重合触媒 | |
US6465386B1 (en) | Polymerization catalyst | |
EP1117670B1 (en) | Polymerisation catalysts | |
US7365139B2 (en) | Polymerisation catalyst | |
US7022788B2 (en) | Polymerization process catalyzed by a bidentate bisphosphine-group VIII metal complex | |
EP1131361B8 (en) | Polymerisation catalysts | |
EP1159307A1 (en) | Polymerisation process | |
WO2001074830A1 (en) | Polymerisation catalyst | |
EP1099714A1 (en) | Polymerisation catalyst | |
US20030104929A1 (en) | Polymerisation catalyst | |
WO2002090365A1 (en) | Novel polymerisation catalysts | |
JP2001226424A (ja) | 触媒製造法 | |
US6828398B2 (en) | Polymerization catalyst | |
US6492293B1 (en) | Polymerisation catalyst | |
WO2000069869A1 (en) | Polymerisation catalysts | |
WO2000047586A1 (en) | Metal complexes useful as polymerization catalyst | |
EP1362068A2 (en) | Novel polymerisation catalysts |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20050412 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20090116 |
|
A711 | Notification of change in applicant |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A711 Effective date: 20090410 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20090416 |
|
A602 | Written permission of extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A602 Effective date: 20090514 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20090716 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20091005 |
|
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20091104 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20121113 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |