JP4400968B2 - Biological model for non-invasive biopsy - Google Patents

Description

【００３２】
【発明の効果】
この発明の生体モデルによれば、無侵襲生体検査用装置において、光学系の焦点調整、倍率調整に使用できる。また、表示データの較正や精度管理用に使用でき、測定前に装置が正常に動作しているかどうかが確認ができる。このように、今まで時間のかかっていた光学系の調整や装置の動作確認が簡単に行えるようになった。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】この発明で使用される無侵襲生体検査用装置の構成を示すブロック図である。
【図２】この発明の実施例の外形を示す斜視図である。
【図３】この発明の無侵襲生体検査装置より得られた画像である。
【図４】この発明で使用される無侵襲生体検査用装置の画像例の濃度プロファイルを示す説明図である。
【図５】この発明で使用される無侵襲生体検査用装置の正規化された濃度プロファイルを示す説明図である。
【図６】この発明の第１実施例の斜視図である。
【図７】この発明の第１実施例の平面・側面・断面図である。
【図８】参考例の斜視図である。
【図９】参考例の平面・側面・断面図である。
【図１０】この発明の第３実施例の斜視図である。
【図１１】この発明の第３実施例の平面・側面・断面図である。
【図１２】第３実施例の生体モデルを無侵襲生体検査用装置に載置した図である。
【図１３】カメラ用テストチャートの画像例と輝度ファイルの説明図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 検出部
２ データ処理部
３ 解析部
１１ 光源部
１２ 受光部
２１ 抽出部
２２ 定量化部
２３ 演算部
２４ 出力部
２５ 記憶部
３１ 特徴抽出部
３２ 記憶部
３３ 比較部
３４ 解析領域設定部
３５ 操作部[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a living body model used for a noninvasive living body inspection apparatus that measures living body component information noninvasively.
[0002]
[Prior art]
With a simple device configuration, a transmission image of a blood vessel that fits a part of a living body such as a finger is obtained, and by analyzing this image, the blood vessel size, hemoglobin concentration, and blood component concentration such as hematocrit are percutaneous and non-transparent. Devices that attempt to measure invasively have been devised (eg, International Patent Application Publication No. WO 97/24066). In such a noninvasive biopsy device, in order to perform calibration and accuracy control of the device, adjustment of the transmission image and current of the measurement probe alone, adjustment of the optical system, that is, magnification adjustment, focus adjustment, resolution adjustment, etc. I was checking. In addition, whether calibration is performed by actually measuring using a normal human body part (such as a finger), and the same person's fingertip is attached to the measurement probe several times to show the same measurement value. I was investigating. In order to confirm whether the apparatus is operating correctly before measurement, a specific human biological part is measured each time.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the method of actually measuring and calibrating the human body part, the reproducibility of the measured value is poor due to physiological fluctuations of the biological components in humans, and therefore it was difficult to determine whether the measured value is reliable. . In addition, in order to check whether abnormal measurement values are measured correctly, it is necessary to use a living body part (such as a finger) of a sick person or a person who always observes abnormal values, and every time the device is used. It was inconvenient and difficult to do such a thing. Moreover, it is necessary to adjust the optical system of the apparatus with a single measuring probe, which takes time and effort.
[0004]
This invention was made in consideration of such circumstances, and has optical characteristics similar to a living body (for example, a finger) in order to perform highly reliable calibration and accuracy control in a non-invasive living body inspection apparatus, A living body model for noninvasive living body inspection which can perform calibration of an optical system is provided.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to a non-invasive biopsy biomodel used for calibration of a non-invasive biopsy device that measures biocomponent information by imaging a living body and analyzing image information obtained by taking the image. A first member having an imaging target surface as a surface to be imaged by a non-invasive biopsy device having the same optical characteristics as a tissue, and an imaging target surface of the first member having optical characteristics similar to a blood vessel The 2nd member provided in is provided, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The first member of the present invention preferably has the same light scattering and absorption as that of living tissue, and is a polyacetal resin, polycarbonate resin, Teflon resin, nylon resin, polyester resin, fluororesin, silicon resin, phenol resin, amino resin. An epoxy resin or the like can be used. In addition, it is preferable to approximate light scattering and absorption of biological tissues by kneading pigments or the like into these resins.
[0007]
The second member is composed of a thin tube filled with a liquid that absorbs a specific wavelength region (near infrared) similar to a blood vessel, a resin that absorbs the specific wavelength region (near infrared), and the like. The capillary can be made of glass or plastic capillary tube. A liquid that substitutes for blood and that absorbs a specific wavelength region (near infrared) such as ink or pigment can be used. The resin is preferably a resin kneaded with a pigment that absorbs a specific wavelength region (near infrared).
[0008]
In this way, the optical characteristics of the first member and the second member are different, and a finger or the like is imaged in a non-invasive biopsy apparatus by using a member that imitates the first member as a living tissue and the second member as a blood vessel. An image equivalent to a captured image (including a blood vessel image localized on the skin surface) can be obtained, and the concentration profile, profile normalization, and quantification can be used to calculate the blood component concentration, etc. become.
In addition, by changing the concentrations of ink and pigment as blood substitutes, biological models with different blood component concentrations can be created.
[0009]
The shape of the first member is a rod, and a square, circle, semicircle or the like can be used for the cross section. The second member may be provided along the axial direction of the first member, and the second member may be provided on the surface or inside of the first member. When the second member is provided on the surface, the second member can be attached by adhesion or welding using an adhesive. When providing a 2nd member inside, the hole which a thin tube passes along an axial direction can be made, or a groove | channel can be dug, and a thin tube and resin can be enclosed.
Here, by making the first member into a rod-like shape, it is easy to insert and remove the probe of the non-invasive biopsy device as with a living body such as a finger.
[0010]
Further, the first member may have a surface parallel to the axial direction, and the second member may be provided in a surface portion near the center on the plane side of the first member or in the inside thereof.
Here, by having a plane parallel to the first member, it can be firmly fixed to the probe of the non-invasive biopsy apparatus, and a stable and reproducible result can be obtained. In addition, by providing the second member on the plane side, it is possible to obtain a stable image with the noninvasive biopsy device.
[0011]
The test chart is provided on the surface of the first member, but may be formed by vapor deposition, or may be attached by an adhesive or the like.
Here, the test chart is used for confirming the optical system and has a predetermined pattern drawn thereon.
[0012]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments shown in the drawings. This does not limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is an external view in a measurement state of a non-invasive living body measuring apparatus used in the present invention, and shows a state in which a mouse-like detection unit 1 is placed on a placement unit 4 of a notebook personal computer-like analysis unit 3. Yes. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the entire apparatus of FIG. A test subject is a human finger that is a living body, and blood vessel width, blood component concentration, and oxygenation rate can be measured as biological information.
0013
The connector 7 on the detection unit 1 side and the connector 8 on the analysis unit 3 side are electrically and mechanically connected, and optical information (here, image information) of the living body (finger 16) detected by the detection unit 1 is analyzed. Sent to part 3. In order to obtain the degree of freedom of measurement and handling, it is also possible to remove the detection unit 1 from the mounting unit 4 of the analysis unit 3 and connect the detection unit 1 and the analysis unit 3 with a connection cord with a connector.
[0014]
The detection unit 1 includes a base 6 and a cover 5 that can rotate around a shaft 27 with respect to the base 6. In this embodiment, since the detection target is a human finger, the cover portion 5 is elongated along the longitudinal direction of the finger in accordance with the finger shape. A light source unit 11 is provided inside the cover unit 5, and an imaging unit 12 as a light receiving unit is provided inside the base 6 facing the light source unit 11 with a finger 16 interposed therebetween.
[0015]
For measurement, the cover 5 is opened upward, the subject's finger 16 is placed and held on the placement portion 15 of the base 6, the cover 5 is closed, the placement portion 15 is placed in the dark room, and the finger is placed. Light is irradiated from the dorsal side 16 and a transmitted light image of the second joint portion is taken from the ventral side of the finger. At the time of measurement, the finger 16 is stably held without being pressed on the placement unit 15.
[0016]
The analysis unit 3 includes a data processing unit 2, an output unit (liquid crystal monitor) 24, and an operation unit (a plurality of keys) 35. The analysis unit 3 is provided with a memory card insertion slot 36, which is an external storage medium, and can store measurement information and the like externally.
[0017]
When the measurement key is pressed from the operation unit 35, the light source unit 11 is turned on, and a blood vessel transmission image is obtained by the light receiving unit 12. The transmission image obtained by the light receiving unit 12 is analyzed by the feature extraction unit 31 via the connectors 7 and 8, the feature point of the living body (finger 16) is calculated, and the feature point stored by the storage unit 32 is compared. The comparison is made by the unit 33, and the analysis region is set by the analysis region setting unit 34.
[0018]
Next, the profile extraction unit 21 creates a concentration profile (FIG. 4) in the direction perpendicular to the blood vessel within the analysis region, and the concentration profile of that portion is quantified by the quantification unit 22 to the peak height, half-value width, and the like. (FIG. 5).
[0019]
Using this quantified value, the calculation unit 23 calculates the blood vessel width, blood component concentration (hemoglobin, hematocrit), and oxygenation rate.
[0020]
These measurement results are stored in the storage unit 25, and the stored data can be displayed as time-series data as a graph or a table by the output unit 24.
[0021]
Next, a perspective view of the first embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. The dimensions are l: 27 mm, m: 35 mm, n: 9 mm, r: 16 mm, O: 5.5 mm, P: 5.5 mm, and form a convex part. FIG. 7A shows a plan view from below in FIG. 6, and f shows a camera test chart. FIG. 7B is a side view, and the surface is dark, so that light does not enter when it is installed in a non-invasive living body device. FIG. 7C shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′. In FIG. 7 (c), a black vinyl chloride resin having a width of 1.0 mm and a depth of 0.5 mm simulating a blood vessel is embedded. The material of e is made of polyacetal resin imitating a living tissue. In the present embodiment, since it has d imitating a blood vessel, when measured with a non-invasive living body measurement apparatus, the hemoglobin concentration, which is the blood component concentration, can be obtained in the same manner as when measuring a human finger. The size of the biological model can be changed according to the use such as for children and adults.
[0022]
Next, a perspective view of a reference example of the product of the present invention is shown in FIG. The size is the same as in FIG. 6 and forms a convex portion. FIG. 9A shows a plan view from below in FIG. 3, and f shows a test chart for the camera. FIG. 9B is a side view, the surface of which is dark, so that light does not enter when installed on a non-invasive living body device. FIG. 9C illustrates a cross-sectional view of the AA ′ cross section. The material e of FIG. 9C is made of polyacetal resin. Further, a camera test chart f is provided on the surface portion by vapor deposition. In this reference example, since the camera test chart f is provided, the focus and magnification can be adjusted.
[0023]
Next, a perspective view of a third embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. The size is the same as that in FIG. 3, and a convex portion is formed. FIG. 11A shows a plan view from below in FIG. 3, and f shows a camera test chart. FIG. 11 (b) is a side view, the surface of which is dark, and prevents light from entering when it is installed in a non-invasive living body device. FIG. 11C shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′. In FIG. 11 (c), d is imbedded with black vinyl chloride resin having a width of 1.0 mm and a depth of 0.5 mm, imitating a blood vessel. The material of e is made of polyacetal resin. Further, a camera test chart f is provided on the surface portion by vapor deposition. In the present embodiment, d including a blood vessel and a camera test chart f are provided, so that the blood component concentration can be confirmed, and the focus and magnification can be adjusted.
[0024]
Next, a focus, magnification adjustment method, and blood component concentration confirmation method will be described using the biological model of Example 3 including both the simulated blood vessel d and the camera test chart f.
[0025]
FIG. 12 shows a view when the living body model 17 of Example 3 is installed in the longitudinal direction on a non-invasive living body device. Parts corresponding to those in FIG. 1 and FIG. Will not be described. In the non-invasive living body device, the cover unit 5 is provided with photodiodes 11a and 11b that irradiate the object with irradiation light, and the light receiving unit 12 that receives the transmitted light of the object is provided with the focus adjustment unit 13, and is present in the light receiving unit. Magnification adjusting screws 13a and 13b for adjusting the distance between the lens and the CCD are provided. Further, the non-invasive living body device can be easily divided up and down by loosening the screw 18 from the portions B and B ′. At the time of focus adjustment and magnification adjustment, the focus adjustment unit and the magnification adjustment unit can be adjusted by dividing vertically.
[0026]
Like the finger, the biological model 17 is placed and held on the placement unit 15, the cover unit 5 is closed to place the placement unit 15 in a dark room, and light is irradiated from the back side of the biological model to the ventral side of the biological model. To obtain a transmission image. At that time, transmission images of the simulated blood vessel d and the camera test chart f are obtained as shown in FIG. Here, in the biological model, the surface on the insertion port side is dark, light does not enter the light receiving unit 12, and does not affect the measurement.
[0027]
First, the camera test chart is analyzed to confirm whether it is in focus. FIG. 13A shows an enlarged view of the pattern diagram of the camera test chart. When the focus of the pattern diagram is deviated, the density profile becomes a broad brightness file as shown in FIG. 13B, and when the pattern is in focus, an edge standing as shown in FIG. 13C is obtained. A steep concentration profile can be obtained. As shown in FIG. 5, when the concentration profile is normalized, a peak height h1 is obtained, which can be used as a parameter representing the sharpness of the concentration profile. That is, when the peak height h1 is the highest, the density profile with sharp edges is the best focus. Therefore, the focus is adjusted by adjusting the focus adjusting unit 13 so that the peak height h1 is the highest.
[0028]
Similarly, it is confirmed whether the magnification is appropriate by analyzing the part of the camera test chart. As shown in FIG. 13C, by using a sharp density profile with a focused edge and confirming whether the width indicated by the arrow is the same as the actual length, the target magnification can be obtained. You can check whether they are correct. In practice, the half-value width w1 of the normalized density profile is used to match the target magnification by checking whether the value of the half-value width w1 is the same as the actual camera test chart width. Is possible. Accordingly, the magnification adjusting screws 13a and 13b are adjusted so that the value of the half-value width w1 is the same as the actual width of the camera test chart, and the distance between the lens existing in the light receiving unit 12 and the CCD is adjusted. Adjust the magnification.
[0029]
Next, the transmission image of the pseudo blood vessel d is subjected to an analysis procedure similar to the analysis of a human finger, and the hemoglobin concentration is calculated as the blood component concentration. The hemoglobin concentration is a unique value depending on the biological model, and the operation of the apparatus can be confirmed by checking whether this value is in a normal range.
[0030]
Here, the reproducibility of the hemoglobin concentration by the living body model of Example 3 was examined. The non-invasive biopsy device was correlated with other blood analyzers and used a calibrated device. The measuring method used was a method of inserting and removing the living body model once, and the apparatus was used under the same conditions as when the living body was actually used. The results of 10 measurements are shown in Table 1. As shown in Table 1, the reproducibility (coefficient of variation) of hemoglobin is very good at 3.76%, indicating that the biological model can be used for quality control and calibration. When used for calibration, a human body is accurately calibrated and a biological model is measured with a reference device. The display value at that time is used as a calibration value, and other devices can be calibrated based on the calibration value. When used for accuracy control, a biological model can be set on the device and used to check whether the device is operating normally before measurement.
[0031]
[Table 1]

[0032]
【The invention's effect】
According to the living body model of the present invention, it can be used for focus adjustment and magnification adjustment of an optical system in a non-invasive living body inspection apparatus. It can also be used for calibration of display data and quality control, and it can be confirmed whether the device is operating normally before measurement. In this way, it has become possible to easily adjust the optical system and confirm the operation of the apparatus, which has taken time.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a noninvasive biopsy device used in the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an outer shape of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an image obtained from the non-invasive biopsy device of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a density profile of an image example of a non-invasive biopsy device used in the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a normalized concentration profile of the noninvasive biopsy device used in the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a plan, side, and sectional view of the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a reference example.
FIG. 9 is a plan / side / cross-sectional view of a reference example;
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a plan, side, and sectional view of a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a diagram in which a living body model of a third embodiment is placed on a non-invasive living body inspection apparatus.
FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of an example image of a camera test chart and a luminance file.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Detection part 2 Data processing part 3 Analysis part 11 Light source part 12 Light receiving part 21 Extraction part 22 Quantification part 23 Calculation part 24 Output part 25 Storage part 31 Feature extraction part 32 Storage part 33 Comparison part 34 Analysis area setting part 35 Operation part

Claims (3)

A biological model for non-invasive biopsy used for calibration of a non-invasive biopsy device that measures biological component information by imaging a living body and analyzing image information obtained by imaging,
A first member having an optical characteristic similar to that of a biological tissue and having an imaging target surface as a surface imaged by a noninvasive biopsy device;
A living body model for non-invasive living body inspection, comprising: a second member having optical characteristics similar to those of blood vessels and provided on an imaging target surface of the first member.   The living body model for noninvasive biopsy according to claim 1, wherein a test chart including a predetermined pattern is further provided on the imaging target surface of the first member.   The imaging target surface of the biological model for noninvasive biopsy according to claim 1 or 2 is imaged by the noninvasive biopsy device, image information obtained by imaging is analyzed, and based on the analyzed result A non-invasive biopsy device calibration method for calibrating a non-invasive biopsy device.

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