JP4400255B2 - Earth leakage breaker - Google Patents

Earth leakage breaker Download PDF

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JP4400255B2
JP4400255B2 JP2004056044A JP2004056044A JP4400255B2 JP 4400255 B2 JP4400255 B2 JP 4400255B2 JP 2004056044 A JP2004056044 A JP 2004056044A JP 2004056044 A JP2004056044 A JP 2004056044A JP 4400255 B2 JP4400255 B2 JP 4400255B2
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circuit
leakage
test
earth leakage
voltage
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JP2005251410A (en
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伸彦 辻
浅野  久伸
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Fuji Electric FA Components and Systems Co Ltd
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Fuji Electric FA Components and Systems Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2004056044A priority Critical patent/JP4400255B2/en
Priority to KR1020050004039A priority patent/KR100974782B1/en
Priority to FR0501335A priority patent/FR2866992A1/en
Priority to DE102005008431A priority patent/DE102005008431A1/en
Priority to CNB2005100086893A priority patent/CN100521432C/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H1/00Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
    • H02H1/06Arrangements for supplying operative power
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H83/00Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current
    • H01H83/02Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by earth fault currents
    • H01H83/04Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by earth fault currents with testing means for indicating the ability of the switch or relay to function properly
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/02Details
    • H02H3/04Details with warning or supervision in addition to disconnection, e.g. for indicating that protective apparatus has functioned
    • H02H3/044Checking correct functioning of protective arrangements, e.g. by simulating a fault
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/16Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to fault current to earth, frame or mass
    • H02H3/162Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to fault current to earth, frame or mass for ac systems
    • H02H3/165Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to fault current to earth, frame or mass for ac systems for three-phase systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/26Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents
    • H02H3/32Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors
    • H02H3/34Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors of a three-phase system
    • H02H3/347Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors of a three-phase system using summation current transformers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/52Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/26Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents
    • H02H3/32Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors
    • H02H3/33Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors using summation current transformers
    • H02H3/334Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors using summation current transformers with means to produce an artificial unbalance for other protection or monitoring reasons or remote control
    • H02H3/335Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors using summation current transformers with means to produce an artificial unbalance for other protection or monitoring reasons or remote control the main function being self testing of the device

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)

Description

この発明は、電動機、その他各種の負荷の接続された配電系統に発生する漏電を検出して波及事故を未然に防ぐための漏電遮断器、特にそのテスト回路の改良に関するものである。   The present invention relates to an earth leakage breaker for detecting an electric leakage generated in a power distribution system connected to an electric motor and other various loads to prevent a ripple accident, and particularly to an improvement of a test circuit thereof.

漏電遮断器における動作テストを正確に行なうために、従来から漏電遮断器の漏電テスト回路は種々工夫されている。その一つの例が、特許文献1に示されている。この特許文献1に示された漏電遮断器の構成を図4に示す。   In order to accurately perform the operation test in the earth leakage breaker, various earth leakage test circuits for the earth leakage breaker have been conventionally devised. One example is shown in Patent Document 1. The configuration of the earth leakage breaker disclosed in Patent Document 1 is shown in FIG.

図4の漏電遮断器は、複数の定格電圧、例えば、100,200および400Vの3つの定格電圧を有するものである。図示された漏電遮断器1は、電源側接続端子3Aおよび負荷側接続端子3Bを有し、この接続端子3A、3B間を接続する多相の主回路内に負荷電流を開閉する複数極の開閉部8が設けられている。開閉部8と負荷側端子3Bとを結ぶ主回路の全相の導体2の挿通された零相変流器5は、負荷側端子3Bに接続された負荷回路における漏電電流を検出する。漏電検出回路6が零相変流器5の漏電検出巻線51の出力電流から漏電の有無を判定し、漏電の発生が検出されたとき引外し装置7に駆動信号を出力する。引外し装置7は、漏電検出回路6から駆動信号が与えられると、開閉部8の図示しない投入機構を引外し、閉極されている開閉部接点を開極させて負荷回路を遮断する。漏電検出回路6へは主回路2から電源回路4を介して給電される。   The earth leakage breaker of FIG. 4 has a plurality of rated voltages, for example, three rated voltages of 100, 200, and 400V. The earth leakage circuit breaker 1 shown in the figure has a power supply side connection terminal 3A and a load side connection terminal 3B, and a plurality of poles for opening and closing a load current in a multiphase main circuit connecting the connection terminals 3A and 3B. A part 8 is provided. The zero-phase current transformer 5 through which the conductors 2 of all phases of the main circuit connecting the switching unit 8 and the load side terminal 3B are inserted detects a leakage current in the load circuit connected to the load side terminal 3B. The leakage detection circuit 6 determines the presence or absence of leakage from the output current of the leakage detection winding 51 of the zero-phase current transformer 5, and outputs a drive signal to the trip device 7 when the occurrence of leakage is detected. When receiving a drive signal from the leakage detection circuit 6, the tripping device 7 trips a closing mechanism (not shown) of the switching unit 8 and opens a closed switching unit contact to interrupt the load circuit. Power is supplied to the leakage detection circuit 6 from the main circuit 2 through the power supply circuit 4.

テスト回路9は、動作テスト時にテスト回路を閉成して主回路2から零相変流器5のテスト巻線52にテスト電流を供給するテストスイッチ91とテスト電流を制限する3個の制限抵抗素子921〜923と、これらの抵抗素子を選択する選択スイッチ93とで構成される。   The test circuit 9 closes the test circuit during an operation test and supplies a test current from the main circuit 2 to the test winding 52 of the zero-phase current transformer 5 and three limiting resistors for limiting the test current. It comprises elements 921 to 923 and a selection switch 93 for selecting these resistance elements.

定格電圧が100Vから400Vに変化してもテスト回路9におけるテスト電流が一定の電流となるようにしておくと、漏電検出回路6の検出感度を一定にして漏電テストを行なうことができるため、漏電テストが正確となり、その信頼性を高めることができる。このために、この漏電遮断器においては、電流制限抵抗素子921,922、および923それぞれの抵抗値が、定格電圧が変化してもテスト巻線52に供給されるテスト電流が一定となるように100V、200Vおよび400Vの定格電圧に対応した値に設定され、使用する定格電圧に応じて選択スイッチ93により電流制限抵抗素子921〜923のうちの1つを選択できるようにしている。   Even if the rated voltage changes from 100 V to 400 V, if the test current in the test circuit 9 is kept constant, the leakage detection test can be performed with the detection sensitivity of the leakage detection circuit 6 being constant. Tests are accurate and can be more reliable. For this reason, in this earth leakage breaker, the resistance values of the current limiting resistance elements 921, 922, and 923 are 100 V so that the test current supplied to the test winding 52 is constant even when the rated voltage changes. It is set to a value corresponding to the rated voltage of 200 V and 400 V, and one of the current limiting resistance elements 921 to 923 can be selected by the selection switch 93 according to the rated voltage to be used.

このようなテスト回路を備えた漏電遮断器においては、使用する定格電圧が100Vから400Vの間で変化しても、そのときの定格電圧に応じて選択スイッチ93を操作して対応する抵抗素子を選択することによりテスト回路9から零相変流器5のテスト巻線52に供給されるテスト電流を一定にすることができるため、テストを正確に安定的に行なうことができる。   In the earth leakage breaker equipped with such a test circuit, even if the rated voltage to be used changes between 100 V and 400 V, the corresponding resistance element is operated by operating the selection switch 93 according to the rated voltage at that time. By selecting, the test current supplied from the test circuit 9 to the test winding 52 of the zero-phase current transformer 5 can be made constant, so that the test can be performed accurately and stably.

しかしながら、このような従来装置においては、使用する定格電圧の種類に対応する個数の電流制限抵抗素子と選択スイッチを設ける必要があるため、テスト回路の設置スペースが大きくなることおよび部品点数の増加により製造コストが高くなることなどの問題が生じる。   However, in such a conventional device, it is necessary to provide a number of current limiting resistor elements and selection switches corresponding to the type of rated voltage to be used, which increases the installation space of the test circuit and the number of parts. Problems such as high manufacturing costs arise.

そして、特に定格電圧の高いところでは、テストスイッチの開放時に接点間に常時大きな電圧が加わるため、このテストスイッチの接点間隔を大きくして耐電圧を高くする必要があるため、このスイッチが大形となる問題もある。   And especially in places where the rated voltage is high, a large voltage is constantly applied between the contacts when the test switch is opened, so it is necessary to increase the withstand voltage by increasing the contact distance of the test switch. There is also a problem.

このような問題点を解消するために特許文献2に示すような漏電遮断器が提案されている。図5に、この特許文献2に示す漏電遮断器の構成を示す。   In order to solve such problems, an earth leakage breaker as shown in Patent Document 2 has been proposed. In FIG. 5, the structure of the earth-leakage circuit breaker shown in this patent document 2 is shown.

この図5における漏電遮断器1におけるテスト回路9は、3相の主回路の2相間の交流電圧を整流して直流電圧を形成する電源回路4にテストスイッチ91を介して接続された交流の漏電模擬信号を発生する模擬信号発生回路92を備える。この模擬信号発生回路92は、テストスイッチ91がオンすることにより、電源回路4から直流電圧が印加されると交流の模擬漏電信号を発生し、零相変流器5の漏電検出巻線の出力側に接続された漏電検出回路6へ模擬的に漏電検出電流を与え、漏電検出の動作テストを行なうことができる。
特開2002−78187号公報 特開平8−149687号公報
The test circuit 9 in the leakage breaker 1 in FIG. 5 is an AC leakage connected to the power supply circuit 4 that rectifies the AC voltage between the two phases of the three-phase main circuit to form a DC voltage via the test switch 91. A simulation signal generation circuit 92 that generates a simulation signal is provided. When the test switch 91 is turned on, the simulation signal generation circuit 92 generates an AC simulation leakage signal when a DC voltage is applied from the power supply circuit 4, and outputs the leakage detection winding of the zero-phase current transformer 5. A leakage detection current can be applied in a simulated manner to the leakage detection circuit 6 connected to the side to conduct an operation test for leakage detection.
JP 2002-78187 A JP-A-8-149687

この図5の従来の漏電遮断器においては、テスト回路9を構成するテストスイッチ91と模擬信号発生回路92が漏電検出回路6へ給電する直流電源回路4に接続されるため、主回路2の電圧に関係なく所定の電圧となるので、テスト回路の製造コストが高くなることや、テストスイッチの耐電圧を高くすることを必要する図4の従来装置における問題点を解消することができる。しかし、この図5の従来装置においては、直流電源回路4が多相の主回路の2相間の交流電圧を直流電圧に変換するようにしているため、交流電圧を取っている相に欠相が発生すると、漏電テストが実施できないという問題が生じる。 In the conventional earth leakage circuit breaker of FIG. 5, since the test switch 91 and the simulation signal generation circuit 92 constituting the test circuit 9 are connected to the DC power supply circuit 4 that supplies power to the earth leakage detection circuit 6, the voltage of the main circuit 2 since the predetermined voltage regardless, it is possible to eliminate the cost of manufacturing the test circuit is higher and the problems in the conventional device of FIG. 4 which requires increasing the withstand voltage of the test switch. However, in the conventional apparatus of FIG. 5, since the DC power supply circuit 4 converts the AC voltage between the two phases of the multiphase main circuit into a DC voltage, there is an open phase in the phase taking the AC voltage. When this occurs, there arises a problem that the leakage test cannot be performed.

この発明は、このような問題点を解消するため、多相の漏電遮断器において、主回路の1相に欠相が生じても漏電テストができ、かつ小形で設置スペースの小さなテスト回路を備え、また正確な漏電テストを行なうことのできる漏電遮断器を提供することを課題とするものである。   In order to solve such problems, the present invention provides a multi-phase earth leakage circuit breaker that can perform an earth leakage test even if a phase failure occurs in one phase of the main circuit, and has a small and small installation circuit. Another object of the present invention is to provide an earth leakage circuit breaker capable of performing an accurate earth leakage test.

前記のような課題を解決するため、この発明は、多相の主回路を開閉する開閉部と、主回路の漏電電流を検出する零相変流器と、この零相変流器の漏電検出巻線の出力電流から漏電の発生の有無を判定する漏電検出回路と、この漏電検出回路の漏電の発生を示す出力信号により前記開閉部を引外して主回路を遮断する引外し装置と、前記漏電検出回路へ電力を供給する電源回路とを備えた漏電遮断器において、前記電源回路を前記主回路の全相の交流電圧から所定の直流電圧を形成する直流電源回路により構成し、直流電圧の印加により交流の漏電模擬信号を発生し前記零相変流器のテスト巻線または漏電検出巻線に模擬漏電電流として供給する模擬信号発生回路と、漏電テスト時にオンして模擬信号発生回路を前記直流電源回路の出力に接続する第1のテストスイッチとを設けたことを特徴とする。   In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides an open / close unit that opens and closes a multiphase main circuit, a zero-phase current transformer that detects a leakage current of the main circuit, and a leakage detection of the zero-phase current transformer. A leakage detection circuit for determining the presence or absence of leakage from the output current of the winding; a tripping device that trips the open / close unit by an output signal indicating the occurrence of leakage in the leakage detection circuit; An earth leakage circuit breaker having a power supply circuit for supplying power to the earth leakage detection circuit, wherein the power supply circuit is constituted by a DC power supply circuit that forms a predetermined DC voltage from an AC voltage of all phases of the main circuit, A simulated signal generation circuit that generates an alternating current leakage simulation signal by application and supplies it as a simulated leakage current to the test winding or leakage detection winding of the zero-phase current transformer, and the simulation signal generation circuit that is turned on during the leakage test Connected to the output of the DC power supply circuit First by providing a test switch and said.

また、前記の漏電遮断器において、さらに前記漏電検出回路の入力側に前記第1のテストスイッチに連動して相補的に動作する第2のテストスイッチを設け、この第2のテストスイッチを介して感度設定回路を接続するのがよい。   Further, in the leakage breaker, a second test switch that operates complementarily in conjunction with the first test switch is provided on the input side of the leakage detection circuit, and the second test switch is provided via the second test switch. A sensitivity setting circuit should be connected.

さらに前記の漏電遮断器において、前記第1および第2のテストスイッチを同一構造のスイッチとし共通の操作バーを介して操作するようにすることができる。   Furthermore, in the above-mentioned earth leakage breaker, the first and second test switches can be switches having the same structure and operated via a common operation bar.

この発明においては、漏電検出回路、および交流の漏電模擬信号を発生する模擬信号発生回路に給電する直流電源回路を多相の主回路の全相の交流電圧から直流電圧に変換する構成としたので主回路の1相に欠相が生じても漏電テストが実施できるとともに、模擬漏電電流を発生する回路を直流電源回路により駆動するようにしたので主回路の定格電圧の大きさにかかわらずテスト時には、一定のテスト電流が供給されるようになる。このため、この発明によれば、定格電圧の大きさに関係なく常に一定のテスト電流を供給できるので、漏電テストを正確に安定して行なうことができる効果が得られる。そして、テストスイッチの開放時の接点間電圧を直流電源回路の低い出力電圧となり、接点間隔を小さくすることができるので、テストスイッチを小形にすることが可能となる効果も得られる。 In the present invention, the leakage power detection circuit and the DC power supply circuit that supplies power to the simulation signal generation circuit that generates the AC leakage simulation signal are configured to convert the AC voltage of all phases of the multiphase main circuit to the DC voltage. A leakage test can be performed even if a phase failure occurs in one phase of the main circuit, and a circuit that generates a simulated leakage current is driven by a DC power supply circuit, so during the test regardless of the rated voltage of the main circuit A constant test current is supplied. For this reason, according to the present invention, since a constant test current can be always supplied regardless of the magnitude of the rated voltage, an effect that the leakage test can be performed accurately and stably is obtained. Further, the voltage between the contacts when the test switch is opened becomes the low output voltage of the DC power supply circuit, and the contact interval can be reduced, so that the effect that the test switch can be made small is also obtained.

そして、漏電検出回路にその検出感度を設定する感度設定回路が付設されている場合には、第1のテストスイッチと連動して、前記感度設定回路を切り離すことにより、漏電テストのとき、漏電検出回路の検出感度常に一定とすることができるため動作テストを正確に安定的に行なうことができる効果がある。 When the leakage detection circuit is provided with a sensitivity setting circuit for setting the detection sensitivity, the leakage detection test is performed in the leakage test by disconnecting the sensitivity setting circuit in conjunction with the first test switch. Since the detection sensitivity of the circuit can be kept constant, there is an effect that the operation test can be performed accurately and stably.

以下に、この発明を図に示す実施例について説明する。   The present invention will be described below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

図1は、この発明の第1の実施例を示す構成図である。   FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

図1において、1は漏電遮断器であり、通常は構成要素のすべてが絶縁樹脂製のモールドケース内に収納され、コンパクトに形成されている。この漏電遮断器1は、電源側接続端子3Aと負荷側接続端子3Bとを接続する主回路2、この主回路2を開閉する開閉部8、主回路2の全相の導体が挿通され、主回路に流れる漏電電流を検出する零相変流器5、この零相変流器5の漏電検出巻線51の検出電流を監視して漏電の有無を判定する漏電検出回路6、この漏電検出回路6の漏電を示す出力信号により前記開閉部8の投入機構を引外して開閉部を遮断する引外し装置7および前記漏電検出回路6に動作電力を供給する直流電源回路4とを備えている。   In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an earth leakage circuit breaker. Normally, all of the components are housed in a mold case made of insulating resin and are compactly formed. The earth leakage circuit breaker 1 includes a main circuit 2 for connecting the power supply side connection terminal 3A and the load side connection terminal 3B, an open / close unit 8 for opening and closing the main circuit 2, and conductors of all phases of the main circuit 2 inserted therethrough. A zero-phase current transformer 5 for detecting a leakage current flowing in the circuit, a leakage detection circuit 6 for monitoring the detection current of the leakage detection winding 51 of the zero-phase current transformer 5 and determining the presence or absence of the leakage, and this leakage detection circuit 6 includes a tripping device 7 that trips the closing mechanism of the switching unit 8 by an output signal indicating leakage of the circuit 6 and shuts off the switching unit, and a DC power supply circuit 4 that supplies operating power to the leakage detection circuit 6.

電源回路4は、多相の主回路2の全相の交流電圧を整流して直流電圧に変換する整流回路41と、整流回路41の出力電流を所定の一定電流に制御する定電流回路42および定電圧ダイオードZDとで構成され、電子回路が必要とする5V程度の所定の直流電圧を発生する。そしてこの電源回路4に漏電テスト時に操作されてオンとなる第1のテストスイッチ11aを介して商用周波数と同じ周波数の交流の漏電模擬信号を発生する発振回路で構成された模擬信号発生回路12が接続され、この模擬信号発生回路12の出力が零相変流器5に設けられたテスト巻線52に接続され、テスト回路10を構成する。 The power supply circuit 4 includes a rectifier circuit 41 that rectifies all phases of the AC voltage of the multiphase main circuit 2 and converts it into a DC voltage, a constant current circuit 42 that controls the output current of the rectifier circuit 41 to a predetermined constant current, and It is composed of a constant voltage diode ZD and generates a predetermined DC voltage of about 5V required by the electronic circuit. A simulation signal generation circuit 12 composed of an oscillation circuit that generates an AC leakage simulation signal having the same frequency as the commercial frequency via the first test switch 11a that is turned on when the leakage test is performed on the power supply circuit 4 is provided. The output of the simulation signal generation circuit 12 is connected to a test winding 52 provided in the zero-phase current transformer 5 to constitute the test circuit 10.

電源回路4に定電流回路42と電圧ダイオードZDを設けると、定格電圧が変化しても大きな損失を伴う降圧素子を使用することなく所定の直流電圧を漏電検出回路6および模擬信号発生回路12に供給できる。 When the power supply circuit 4 is provided with the constant current circuit 42 and the constant voltage diode ZD , the leakage detection circuit 6 and the simulation signal generation circuit 12 can supply a predetermined DC voltage without using a step-down element with a large loss even if the rated voltage changes. Can supply.

零相変流器5の漏電検出巻線51の出力に、検出信号を取り出すための検出抵抗53と検出感度を調整する感度設定器54とが並列に接続され、検出抵抗の両端から漏電検出回路6に漏電検出信号が入力される。感度設定器54には直列に第1のテストスイッチ11aと連動して、このテストスイッチが11aがオンしたときオフ、オフしたときオンとなるような相補的動作をする第2のテストスイッチ11bが接続される。   A detection resistor 53 for extracting a detection signal and a sensitivity setting unit 54 for adjusting detection sensitivity are connected in parallel to the output of the leakage detection winding 51 of the zero-phase current transformer 5, and a leakage detection circuit is connected from both ends of the detection resistor. 6 is a leakage detection signal. The sensitivity setting unit 54 includes a second test switch 11b that operates in a complementary manner so as to be turned off when the test switch 11a is turned on and turned on when the test switch 11a is turned on in conjunction with the first test switch 11a in series. Connected.

漏電テストのために、図1におけるテスト回路10の第1のテストスイッチ11aをオンにすると、電源回路4から模擬信号発生回路12に給電されるので、これが発振して交流の商用周波数と同じ周波数の漏電模擬信号を発生し、テスト巻線52に所定の模擬漏電電流Itを流す。零相変流器5の検出巻線51にこの模擬電流Itに応じた漏電検出電流Isが流れ、検出抵抗53の両端に漏電検出電圧が発生する。漏電検出回路6は、この漏電検出電圧が所定値以上になると漏電発生と判定して、引外し装置7を駆動して開閉部8を引外して主回路の遮断を行い一連のテスト動作を終える。   When the first test switch 11a of the test circuit 10 in FIG. 1 is turned on for the electric leakage test, power is supplied from the power supply circuit 4 to the simulation signal generation circuit 12, so that it oscillates and has the same frequency as the AC commercial frequency. Is generated, and a predetermined simulated leakage current It is caused to flow through the test winding 52. A leakage detection current Is corresponding to the simulation current It flows through the detection winding 51 of the zero-phase current transformer 5, and a leakage detection voltage is generated at both ends of the detection resistor 53. When the leakage detection voltage exceeds a predetermined value, the leakage detection circuit 6 determines that leakage has occurred, drives the tripping device 7 to trip the open / close unit 8 and shuts off the main circuit, thus completing a series of test operations. .

この過程で、第2のテストスイッチ11bが、第1のテストスイッチ11aのオンと連動してオフとなり、感度設定器54を検出巻線52から切り離す。このため、テスト時には感度設定器の設定状態が関係なくなるので、使用する定格電圧が変っても検出抵抗53からは常に所定の検出電圧が得られるため、使用する定格電圧に関係なく、漏電検出回路6の動作テストを正確に行なうことができ、漏電テストの信頼性を高めることができる。   In this process, the second test switch 11 b is turned off in conjunction with the first test switch 11 a being turned on, and the sensitivity setting unit 54 is disconnected from the detection winding 52. For this reason, since the setting state of the sensitivity setting unit is irrelevant during the test, a predetermined detection voltage can always be obtained from the detection resistor 53 even if the rated voltage to be used is changed. The operation test 6 can be accurately performed, and the reliability of the leakage test can be improved.

このように、実施例1においては、直流電源回路4が多相の主回路の全相の交流電圧を直流電圧に変換するようにし、模擬信号発生回路12により主回路の交流電圧の大きさに関わりなく所定の漏電模擬電流を発生させ、検出感度も一定にして漏電テストを行なうので、主回路の1相に欠相が生じても漏電遮断器テストを正確に行うことができる。   As described above, in the first embodiment, the DC power supply circuit 4 converts the AC voltage of all phases of the multiphase main circuit into the DC voltage, and the simulated signal generation circuit 12 increases the AC voltage of the main circuit. Regardless of this, since a predetermined leakage simulation current is generated and a leakage detection test is performed with a constant detection sensitivity, a leakage breaker test can be accurately performed even if a phase failure occurs in one phase of the main circuit.

次に、図2にこの発明の第2の実施例の構成を示す。   Next, FIG. 2 shows the configuration of a second embodiment of the present invention.

この実施例2は、実施例1におけるテストスイッチ11aおよび11bの具体的構成を示すものである。   The second embodiment shows a specific configuration of the test switches 11a and 11b in the first embodiment.

前記直流電源回路4および漏電検出回路6を搭載する回路基板20の表裏両面に同一構造のプッシュ形スイッチ(押圧されたときオンとなり、押圧を解除されるとオフに戻る形式のスイッチ)からなる2つのテストスイッチ11a、11bが固定的に取り付けられる。回路基板20に設けられた貫通孔21にクランク形のテストスイッチ操作バー22を挿通し、復帰ばね23を介して回路基板20により押し下げ可能に支持する。スイッチ操作バー22の上部押圧部22a上にテスト時に押圧操作する操作ボタン24が設けられる。   2 composed of push-type switches having the same structure on both the front and back sides of the circuit board 20 on which the DC power supply circuit 4 and the leakage detection circuit 6 are mounted (switches that are turned on when pressed and turned off when released). Two test switches 11a and 11b are fixedly attached. A crank-shaped test switch operating bar 22 is inserted into a through hole 21 provided in the circuit board 20 and supported by the circuit board 20 via a return spring 23 so as to be pushed down. An operation button 24 is provided on the upper pressing portion 22a of the switch operation bar 22 to perform a pressing operation during a test.

漏電テストを行なわない待機状態では、操作バー22は、復帰ばね23により図2の(a)に示すように復帰ばね3により押し上げられた状態となる。このため、操作バー22の上部押圧部22aは、テストスイッチ11aから離間し、下部押圧部22bがテストスイッチ11bを押圧する状態となるので、スイッチ11aがオフ、スイッチ11bがオンとなる。これにより、図1における感度設定回路54が零相変流器5の検出巻線51に接続され、模擬信号発生回路12の電源が遮断される。   In the standby state in which the leakage test is not performed, the operation bar 22 is pushed up by the return spring 3 as shown in FIG. Therefore, the upper pressing portion 22a of the operation bar 22 is separated from the test switch 11a, and the lower pressing portion 22b presses the test switch 11b, so that the switch 11a is turned off and the switch 11b is turned on. Thereby, the sensitivity setting circuit 54 in FIG. 1 is connected to the detection winding 51 of the zero-phase current transformer 5, and the power supply of the simulation signal generating circuit 12 is shut off.

漏電テストの時は、テストボタン部24を押圧して操作バー22を図2(b)に示すように押し下げることにより、上部押圧部22aが第1のテストスイッチ11aを押圧しこれをオンにし、下部押圧部22bが第2のテストスイッチ11bから離間しこれをオフにする。これにより模擬信号回路12が電源回路へ接続され発振し漏電遮断器模擬信号がテスト巻線52に加えられ、漏電動作テストが実行される。   At the time of the earth leakage test, by pressing the test button part 24 and pushing down the operation bar 22 as shown in FIG. 2B, the upper pressing part 22a presses the first test switch 11a to turn it on, The lower pressing portion 22b is separated from the second test switch 11b and turns it off. As a result, the simulation signal circuit 12 is connected to the power supply circuit and oscillates, and the leakage breaker simulation signal is applied to the test winding 52 to execute the leakage operation test.

なお、前記操作バー22は、図2に示すようなクランク形だけでなく、図3にしますようにコ字形の操作バー22´を使用するようにしてもよい。この場合は、2つのテストスイッチ11aと11bとを、回路基板20の表裏両面の同じ位置に固着する。   The operation bar 22 is not limited to the crank shape as shown in FIG. 2, but may be a U-shaped operation bar 22 ′ as shown in FIG. In this case, the two test switches 11 a and 11 b are fixed to the same position on both the front and back surfaces of the circuit board 20.

第1および第2のテストスイッチを連動操作する機構として図2および図3に示すよう操作バーを使用すると、相補的に動作する2つのスイッチに同一構造のスイッチを使用することができるので、構成が簡単となり、テストスイッチを小形で安価にすることができる。   When an operation bar is used as a mechanism for interlocking operation of the first and second test switches as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, switches having the same structure can be used for two switches operating in a complementary manner. The test switch can be made small and inexpensive.

このようにこの発明は、漏電遮断器のテスト回路を多相の主回路の全相の交流電圧を変換して低電圧の直流電圧を発生する直流電源回路か給電する模擬信号発生回路で漏電遮断器模擬信号を形成しているので、交流主回路の1相に欠相が生じても漏電テストを実施できるので、漏電遮断器の漏電テストの信頼性を高めることができ有益である。   As described above, the present invention provides an earth leakage circuit breaker test circuit that uses a DC power supply circuit that generates a low DC voltage by converting the AC voltage of all phases of a multi-phase main circuit, or a simulated signal generation circuit that supplies power. Since the circuit breaker simulation signal is formed, the leakage test can be carried out even if a phase failure occurs in one phase of the AC main circuit, so that the reliability of the leakage test of the leakage breaker can be improved.

この発明の漏電遮断器を示す構成図である。It is a block diagram which shows the earth-leakage circuit breaker of this invention. この発明に使用するテストスイッチの操作バーの例を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the example of the operation bar of the test switch used for this invention. この発明に使用するテストスイッチの操作バーの他の例を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the other example of the operation bar of the test switch used for this invention. 従来の漏電遮断器を示す構成図である。It is a block diagram which shows the conventional earth-leakage circuit breaker. 従来の他の漏電遮断器を示す構成図である。It is a block diagram which shows the other conventional earth-leakage circuit breaker.

1 :漏電遮断器
2 :主回路
3A:電源側接続端子
3B:負荷側接続端子
4 :直流電源回路
5 :零相変流器
51:検出巻線
52:テスト巻線
6 :漏電検出回路
7 :引はずし装置
8 :開閉部
10:テスト回路
11a:第1のテストスイッチ
11b:第2のテストスイッチ
12:模擬信号発生回路
1: Earth leakage breaker 2: Main circuit 3A: Power supply side connection terminal 3B: Load side connection terminal 4: DC power supply circuit 5: Zero phase current transformer 51: Detection winding 52: Test winding 6: Earth leakage detection circuit 7: Tripping device 8: Opening / closing section 10: Test circuit 11a: First test switch 11b: Second test switch 12: Simulated signal generating circuit

Claims (3)

多相の主回路を開閉する開閉部と、主回路の漏電電流を検出する零相変流器と、この零相変流器の漏電検出巻線の出力電流から漏電の発生の有無を判定する漏電検出回路と、この漏電検出回路の漏電の発生を示す出力信号により前記開閉部を引外して主回路を遮断する引外し装置と、前記漏電検出回路へ電力を供給する電源回路とを備えた漏電遮断器において、前記電源回路を前記主回路の全相の交流電圧から所定の直流電圧形成する直流電源回路により構成し、直流電圧の印加により交流の漏電模擬信号を発生し前記零相変流器のテスト巻線または漏電検出巻線に模擬漏電電流として供給する模擬信号発生回路と、漏電テスト時にオンして模擬信号発生回路を前記直流電源回路の出力に接続する第1のテストスイッチとを設けたことを特徴とする漏電遮断器。 An open / close unit that opens and closes the multiphase main circuit, a zero-phase current transformer that detects the leakage current of the main circuit, and determines whether or not leakage has occurred from the output current of the leakage detection winding of this zero-phase current transformer An earth leakage detection circuit, a tripping device that trips the open / close portion by an output signal indicating the occurrence of earth leakage of the earth leakage detection circuit and shuts off the main circuit, and a power supply circuit that supplies electric power to the earth leakage detection circuit In the earth leakage breaker, the power circuit is constituted by a DC power circuit that forms a predetermined DC voltage from the AC voltage of all phases of the main circuit, and generates an AC leakage simulation signal by applying the DC voltage to generate the zero phase change. A simulated signal generating circuit for supplying a simulated leakage current to a test winding or a leakage detection winding of the current collector, and a first test switch that is turned on during a leakage test and connects the simulated signal generating circuit to the output of the DC power supply circuit; Special feature Earth leakage breaker to. 請求項1記載の漏電遮断器において、さらに前記漏電検出回路の入力側に前記第1のテストスイッチに連動して相補的に動作する第2のテストスイッチを設け、この第2のテストスイッチを介して感度設定回路を接続したことを特徴とする漏電遮断器。   2. The earth leakage breaker according to claim 1, further comprising a second test switch that operates in a complementary manner in conjunction with the first test switch on the input side of the earth leakage detection circuit. An earth leakage circuit breaker characterized by connecting a sensitivity setting circuit. 請求項2記載の漏電遮断器において、前記第1および第2のテストスイッチを同一構造のスイッチとし共通の操作バーを介して操作することを特徴とする漏電遮断器。   3. The earth leakage circuit breaker according to claim 2, wherein the first and second test switches are switches having the same structure and operated through a common operation bar.
JP2004056044A 2004-03-01 2004-03-01 Earth leakage breaker Expired - Fee Related JP4400255B2 (en)

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FR0501335A FR2866992A1 (en) 2004-03-01 2005-02-10 Ground fault circuit breaker for detecting fault current, has fictive signal generator circuit that produces alternating fictitious current signal according to determined direct voltage produced by DC electrical supply circuit
DE102005008431A DE102005008431A1 (en) 2004-03-01 2005-02-24 Residual-current device
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