JP4397021B2 - Evaporating apparatus and evaporating method for effervescent solution - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an evaporation apparatus and an evaporation method for evaporating a solvent by suppressing foaming used in operations involving boiling such as evaporative concentration of a foamable solution, solvent recovery, and distillation.

  In the operation involving boiling such as evaporative concentration of effervescent solution, solvent recovery, and distillation, when evaporating the solvent while suppressing foaming, the one described in Patent Document 1 developed by the present applicants is suitable. In this evaporator, as schematically shown in FIG. 6, the evaporator 1 includes a steam outlet 1 a provided at the top of the can, a concentrate outlet 1 b provided at the bottom of the can, and the top of the can. A plurality of pipe ends 30 that are attached to the upper portion of the can and protrude from the gas phase portion inside the can, and supply a foaming solution to be treated between the heater (not shown) and the pipe end 30 The superheated liquid is supplied from the pipe to the pipe end 30 and is injected from the lower end of the pipe end 30 as a gas phase mixed phase. Reference numeral 2 denotes a mist separator connected to the outlet 1a via pipes 24-26 and the like. The gas-liquid mixture ejected from each tube end 30 is separated in the gas phase portion at the top of the can, the droplets reach the liquid surface, and the vapor containing mist enters the mist separator 2 through the pipes 24 to 26 and the like. Here, the evaporating vapor | steam which isolate | separated the mist in a vapor | steam is guide | induced to the condenser not shown from the exit 2a. The separated mist is returned to the evaporator 1 as a drain liquid via the pipe 27 and the like. These processing systems are connected to a vacuum source via the outlet 2a and the like, and the internal pressures of the condenser, the mist separator 2, the evaporator 1 and the like are maintained at a constant degree of vacuum. As the evaporation method, the foamable solution heated by the heater is evaporated in the supply piping up to the tube end 30 to form a gas phase mixed phase, and the flow form of the gas-liquid mixed phase in the vicinity of the tube end As an intermittent flow or an annular flow, most of the residual heat quantity in the droplets ejected from the tube end 30 is taken as latent heat of vaporization in the gas phase part up to the liquid phase part at the bottom of the can. Release to complete boiling. This technique prevents foaming due to subsurface boiling and / or steam entrainment that occurs when the droplet reaches the liquid level in the evaporator, and prevents foaming of the foamable solution itself in the evaporator. In order to suppress foaming by controlling the flow form of the gas-liquid mixed phase in advance, it does not require a conventional centrifugal force or a device for creating a high vacuum, and is a mechanically movable part for breaking bubbles. Or an operation that impairs the heat efficiency of blowing gas or steam is unnecessary.

  By the way, when raising the evaporation processing capacity, the diameter of the tube end is increased or the number of tube ends is increased as the tube end 30 disposed in the evaporator. Normally, when the pipe end diameter is increased, it is difficult to select operating conditions such that the flow form of the gas-liquid mixed phase is intermittent flow or annular flow. Adopted. Here, when installing a plurality of pipe ends in the evaporator, as shown in FIG. 6, a ring-shaped header pipe 40 is provided on the top of the evaporator 1, and each pipe end 30 corresponds to the header pipe 40. The connecting pipe 41 and the valve 42 are connected. The valve 42 is interposed between the inlet of each pipe end 30 and the corresponding connecting pipe 41, and when the superheated liquid flows uniformly into all the pipe ends 30 and is injected from each pipe end 30, the evaporator The bottom side liquid phase part in 1 can be adjusted to reach as evenly as possible.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-5201

The above-described evaporation apparatus and method can efficiently suppress foaming without complicating the apparatus, but the following problems arise.
A) In order to further increase the evaporation processing capacity, the number of pipe ends 30 must be further increased, and the ring-shaped header pipe 40 at the top of the evaporator must be installed in a double manner. Even if it is devised such as installing in the pipe, the number of pipe ends is limited, or the diameter of the evaporator 1 must be increased. In addition to the fact that each pipe end 30 is installed in a limited space called the upper end plate of the evaporator 1, a space for operating the flow rate balance adjusting valve 42 corresponding to each pipe end 30 is secured. This is because it must be done.
B) When the apparatus is in operation, the outer surface of the tube end 30 is heated to a temperature higher than the boiling point of the foamable solution by the superheated liquid that is a gas-liquid mixed phase, and is generated in the evaporator 1 as the foamable solution evaporates. Evaporation occurs again when the mist hits the outer surface of the tube end, and the evaporation residue adheres to the scale as a scale. Conventionally, when such adhesion progresses, processing accuracy is also affected, so that each pipe end 30 is removed from the evaporator 1 and cleaned. This cleaning operation is poor in operability, and is a factor of lowering the apparatus operating rate.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-described problems and evaporate the solvent in the operation involving boiling such as evaporative concentration of the foamable solution, solvent recovery, and distillation, particularly when raising the evaporation treatment capacity. It is to prevent or reduce the size reduction of the evaporator and the adhesion of scale.

The invention of claim 1 specifies the configuration of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, and the evaporator has a steam outlet provided at the top of the can, and a concentrate outlet provided at the bottom of the can. A plurality of tube ends attached to the upper portion of the can and projecting to the gas phase portion on the upper side of the can, and supplying a foamable solution to be treated between the heater and the tube end In an evaporator that supplies superheated liquid from a pipe to the pipe end and injects it as a gas-liquid mixed phase from the lower end of the pipe end, a tube plate that holds the plurality of pipe ends in a suspended state, and the tube plate It has a substantially cylindrical channel part interposed between the supply pipes, and the channel part is connected to the tube plate at the lower end with an enlarged diameter, and the outer peripheral part of each pipe end is thermally insulated. In a state where it is covered with a conductive resin and the inlet side is connected to the tube plate substantially flush. Is lifting, is arranged detachably on the evaporator through the tube plate, the superheated liquid is characterized by injecting and substantially uniformly introduced from the channel unit.
In the above evaporation apparatus, a plurality of tube ends are unitized in a state where the upper ends thereof are connected and supported by the tube plate. The unit product is detachably attached to the upper opening of the evaporator through a tube plate, and is connected to the outlet side of a supply pipe disposed between the heater and a common channel. .

In the above invention, the lower end of the channel portion is enlarged with being connected to the tube plate, wherein each tube end being connected to and supported in a state of being connected substantially flush with the inlet side relative to the tube plate Tei Ru. The channel portion allows the superheated liquid introduced from the supply pipe to be introduced substantially uniformly into the plurality of tube ends held by the tube plate. In this case, the channel portion is vertically arranged, the upper inlet side is formed in a small diameter portion according to the outlet of the supply pipe, and the lower outlet side is formed as a large diameter portion proportional to the number of pipe ends. Moreover, each pipe end is that covered the circumference of the heat insulating resin. This is because each tube end is hotter than the gas phase part in the evaporator through the superheated liquid, and mist etc. accompanying the injection of superheated liquid hits the outer surface of the tube end to cause problems such as evaporation and dryness and adhesion again. ease. The resin used may be any resin that can be expected to have a heat insulation effect, such as polypropylene and PVC, but PTFE and polyethylene are preferred in view of adhesion. The coating thickness is determined in consideration of the thermal conductivity of the resin material, the temperature of the superheated liquid, and the like.

The invention of claim 2 specifies the configuration of FIGS. 3 to 5, and the evaporator has a steam outlet provided at the top of the can and a concentrate outlet provided at the bottom of the can. And a plurality of tube ends that are attached to the upper portion of the can and project to the gas phase portion on the upper side of the can, and the foamable solution to be processed is connected between the heater and the tube end. In an evaporator that supplies superheated liquid from a supply pipe to the pipe end and injects it as a gas-liquid mixed phase from the lower end of the pipe end, a tube plate that holds the plurality of pipe ends in a suspended state, and the pipe a channel portion of substantially cylindrical shape which is interposed between the supply pipe and the plate, and the mantle tube that is housed in the cylinder before Symbol state each tube end and a substantially closed except for its upper and lower ends, coupled to said mantle tube and a suction tube for vacuum suction through the said mantle tube, wherein each tube end through the tube sheet Serial disposed detachably on evaporator, the superheated liquid is characterized by injecting and substantially uniformly introduced from the channel unit.
In the above-described invention, the temperature of the outer surface of the outer tube is suppressed to be substantially equal to the temperature of the vapor phase portion of the evaporator by vacuum suction inside the outer tube through the suction tube, so that the mist contained in the vapor is contained. It is possible to prevent such sticking. In this case, a vacuum suction means is required, but since the evaporating operation of the foamable solution is performed under vacuum as described above, it is preferable to also use the vacuum suction means.
· Claim 3 is a structure having a disc-shaped or cylindrical demister is provided between the inner surface portion and the corresponding portion of the mantle tube of the evaporator. This is because the main part of the tube end is covered with a cannula so that a disk-like or cylindrical demister can be provided between the inner surface side of the evaporator and the outer surface side of the outer tube. It was. When the demister is installed in the evaporator, it has the effect of making the mist in the vapor difficult to adhere to the end of the tube or the outer surface of the outer sleeve, as well as contributing to simplification and downsizing of the equipment and related equipment. (See FIG. 1 for comparison with FIG. 3 and FIG. 5).

In contrast, the invention of claim 4 is a method for evaporating a foamable solution. Using the above-described apparatus, the foamable solution to be treated is evaporated to reach the tube end to form a gas-liquid mixed phase. And the flow form of the gas phase mixed phase in the vicinity of the tube end is an intermittent flow or an annular flow, and most of the residual heat quantity in the droplets ejected from the tube end is It is characterized in that boiling is completed by releasing it as latent heat of vaporization in the gas phase part up to the liquid phase part.
The above evaporation method is substantially the same as the method of Patent Document 1 except that the above-described inventive device is used. That is, in this method, the flow form of the gas-liquid mixed phase flow in the vicinity of the tube end is controlled to be an intermittent flow or an annular flow, and the foaming solution is overheated with a heater to reach the tube end. By evaporating in the pipe, a shear force is generated on the liquid surface due to the gas-liquid speed difference as a gas-liquid mixed phase flow to suppress foaming in the pipe, and the inside of the evaporator can be easily evaporated. The droplets are generated by the jetting force of the vapor from the tube end to increase the surface area, and the evaporation is completed until the droplets reach the bottom side liquid level of the evaporator.

In the invention device of claim 1, even if the number of the tube ends for the injection nozzle is increased as compared with the conventional device of FIG. Because it can be attached and detached in a batch, and the superheated liquid is introduced from the channel part interposed between the outlets of the supply pipes to the inlets of each pipe end, the conventional ring header pipe, support pipe for mounting the pipe end, flow rate balance It is possible to eliminate simplification and miniaturization by eliminating the valves for the operation, thereby reducing the diameter of the evaporator and eliminating restrictions on the installation space. Moreover, the support structure to the tube plate of each tube end can make it easy to introduce the superheated liquid supplied via a channel part from the supply piping extended from the heater side to a some tube end substantially equally. In addition, by suppressing the temperature of the outer surface of the pipe end with a resin film, it is difficult to dry and adhere, and it is possible to perform CIP cleaning of the pipe end and reduce the number of cleanings to improve the apparatus operating rate.
In the apparatus of the second aspect of the present invention, the inside of the outer tube is vacuum-sucked through the suction tube, so that the mist contained in the steam mentioned in the problem can be efficiently prevented from being dried and adhered.
In the invention apparatus of claim 3 , by installing the demister in the evaporator, the apparatus or the incidental equipment can be made compact as can be understood from the comparison with FIG. 6 and FIG.
In addition to the effects described in Patent Document 1, the method of the invention of claim 4 can have the advantage of using the device of the present invention, enable high throughput, and improve the device operating rate.

  The best mode of the present invention will be described with reference to embodiments of the drawings. 1 and 2 show the first embodiment, FIGS. 3 and 4 show the second embodiment, and FIG. 5 shows a modification of the second embodiment. In each embodiment and modification, the same reference numerals are given to the same members that are functionally the same as those of the conventional apparatus of FIG. In the following description, after describing the basic structure and operation of the apparatus according to the first embodiment, reference will be made to each change in the second embodiment and the modification.

(First Embodiment) FIG. 1 schematically shows the overall structure of an evaporator. This evaporator is detachably attached to a vertical evaporator 1, a mist separator 2 connected to a take-out cylinder 24 as an upper outlet of the evaporator 1 through pipes 25 and 26, and the evaporator 1. And a lid 13 as a tube plate supporting a plurality of tube ends 3 arranged in a suspended state in the evaporator 1, and connected to the lid 13 to introduce superheated liquid into each tube end 3. Channel section 6 and the like.

  The evaporator 1 includes a large cylindrical main body 10, a small cylindrical neck 11 with a flange 12 squeezed at the top of the main body 10, and a lid 13 as a tube plate that is attached to the flange 12 and closes the opening of the neck 11. Become. The main body 10 has a liquid phase part for concentrated liquid on the lower side and a gas phase part for vapor on the upper side, an outlet 1b provided at the bottom, and an inlet 1c provided around the lower side. have. The neck 11 has an extraction tube 24 as an extraction port for extracting steam from the inside of the main body 1.

Here, take-out tube 24 is connected to the inlet 21 a mist separator 2 through the pipe 25,2 6 like. The mist separator 2 includes a disc-shaped demister 23 supported on the inner peripheral surface of the can 20 via a metal fitting 22, an outlet 2a provided above the demister 23, an outlet 2b provided at the bottom, and the like. have. The outlet 2 b is connected to the inlet 1 c of the evaporator 1 through a pipe 27 and valves 28 and 29. And the vapor | steam containing mist is introduce | transduced into the mist separator 2 below the demister 23 from the inside of the evaporator 1 through piping 24-26. The introduced steam is led to the condenser (not shown) from the outlet 2a as evaporated steam from which the mist has been removed by the demister 23, and is processed as a condensed liquid. The mist separated by the demister 23 is returned to the evaporator 1 as a drain liquid via the pipe 27 and the like. On the other hand, the outlet 1b may be used as a part for introducing the foamable solution to be treated into the evaporator 1 at the initial stage, in addition to leading the concentrated liquid in the evaporator 1 to the outside. . The derived concentrated liquid is taken out of the system as a product through a pump, or a part thereof is supplied to a heater described later. These are almost the same as in Patent Document 1. Further, these processing systems are connected to a vacuum source so that the internal pressures of the condenser, the mist separator 2, the evaporator 1 and the like are maintained at a predetermined degree of vacuum.

  FIG. 2 schematically shows a main part of the present invention, wherein FIG. 2A is an upper configuration of the evaporator 1, FIG. 2B is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. (A) is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line BB of (a). The lid 13 as a tube plate described above has a substantially disk shape, and a plurality of (in this example, five) attachment holes 13a corresponding to the number of the tube ends 3 are formed, and the tube ends 3 are formed in the respective attachment holes 13a. Supports connection. Each tube end 3 includes an elongated cylindrical tube material 30 and a heat insulating resin 31 covering the outer periphery of the tube material 30. The pipe material 30 is substantially the same as a conventional pipe end, but is referred to as a pipe material in order to distinguish it from the conventional pipe end. The resin 31 is integrated on the outer periphery of the tube material 30 except for the upper and lower ends. The material of the resin 31 is PTFE, but other materials may be used. Each of the tube ends 3 is connected and supported so that the upper end of the tube material 30 is press-fitted into the attachment hole 13a with respect to the lid 13 serving as a tube plate and is flush with the upper surface.

  The channel unit 6 is connected to the lid 13. The channel portion 6 has a substantially cylindrical shape as a whole, and is composed of an upper small diameter portion 6a, a lower large diameter portion 6b, and an inclined portion 6c forming a space therebetween. Connection flanges 6d and 6e provided on the outer circumferences of the small portion 6a and the large diameter portion 6b are provided. The small diameter portion 6a is a side where the superheated liquid is introduced. The large-diameter portion 6b has an inner diameter that is large enough to arrange each mounting hole 13a of the lid 13 on the inside with a margin, and is connected to the upper surface of the lid 13 via a flange 6e or the like. The inclined portion 6c is a portion that forms between the portion 6a and the portion 6b. For example, the channel portion 6 is configured so that the superheated liquid in the gas-liquid mixed phase is supplied to each tube by devising the slope or taper angle and length of the inclined portion 6c and the diameter and length of the large diameter portion 6b. Designed to be introduced evenly into the end 3.

  The above lid 13 is attached to the flange 12 of the neck 11 with each tube end 3 inserted into the evaporator 1. That is, in this structure, since a plurality of tube ends 3 are attached to and detached from the evaporator 1 at once via a lid 13 as a tube plate, the handleability of the tube end 3 and the ease of incorporation into the evaporator 1 and the cleaning are provided. Excellent detachability at the time. And from this attachment state, the small diameter part 6a of the channel part 6 is connected via the flange 6d etc. to the exit of the supply piping extended from the heater not shown. This channel portion 6 eliminates the need for the conventional header tube 40, valve 42, etc., and increases the number of tube ends 3, the end plate of the evaporator 1 (the portion connecting the main body 10 and the neck 11), That is, the can diameter of the evaporator 1 can be reduced. The heater heats a part of the foamable solution to be treated and the concentrated liquid taken out from the evaporator 1 to a superheated liquid at a predetermined temperature, and supplies the channel part 6 and the channel part 6 from the supply pipe. At this time, the foamable solution to be treated and the concentrated liquid are evaporated to reach the tube end 3 to be a gas-liquid mixed phase, and in the vicinity of the tube end 3. The flow form of the gas phase mixed phase can be controlled to be an intermittent flow or an annular flow. Instead of the above structure, for example, a dedicated tube plate is provided on the lower end surface of the channel portion 6, and a plurality of tube ends 3 are connected and supported in a flush state with respect to the tube plate, and the tube plate is connected to the lid 13 May be attached directly or via a tubular member.

  Next, the above-described evaporation apparatus will be described in more detail with reference to an example of the evaporation concentration operation. In the above evaporation apparatus, when the apparatus is activated, the heater superheats the foamable solution to a predetermined temperature, and the condenser, mist separator 2, evaporator 1 and the like are adjusted to a predetermined internal pressure as described above. After the adjustment, the liquid state sent from the heater to the supply pipe is in the state of superheated liquid containing almost no steam due to the pressure loss of the channel section 6 and each pipe end 3, and from the channel section 6 to each pipe end. As the pressure approaches 3, the pressure becomes lower, and thus evaporation occurs gradually, resulting in a gas-liquid two-phase flow. The flow state in the channel portion 6 increases as the steam ratio increases, and becomes an intermittent flow or an annular flow through a transition state from the bubble flow. Then, the superheated liquid releases most of the superheat amount as latent heat of vaporization until reaching each tube end 3, and a slight degree of superheat is generated at each tube end 3. When the superheated liquid enters each pipe end 3 and is sprayed from the lower end, it is separated into liquid suitability and vapor in the gas phase part at the top of the can. The separated droplets are released as latent heat of vaporization until reaching the liquid level in the evaporator 1 while increasing the surface area, and reach the liquid level as saturated droplets. The separated steam is introduced into the mist separator 2 through the pipes 24 to 26. The mist separator 2 adsorbs and separates the mist in the introduced steam by the demister 23. Evaporated vapor not containing mist is led out to the condenser side from the outlet 2a around the upper side. The liquid accumulated under the demister 23 is appropriately returned to the evaporator 1 as a drain liquid through the pipe 27 and the valves 28 and 29. In such an operation, since each tube end 3 covers the tube material 30 with the resin 31, even when heated with superheated liquid, the mist or the like hits the outer surface of the tube end as compared with the conventional tube end 30 to dry. And adhesion hardly occur, and the number of cleanings can be reduced. However, in terms of the device structure, each pipe end 3 may be replaced with a conventional uncoated pipe end 30.

  The droplets ejected from each tube end 3 have an appropriate droplet diameter, and bubbles on the liquid surface generated by disturbances such as pressure fluctuations that are likely to occur at the start of the apparatus are extinguished by the impact force caused by the collision of the droplets. Foam. During normal operation, the operating conditions for suppressing foaming are controlled on the heater side so that the flow form of the gas-liquid mixed phase in the vicinity of the tube end 3 and the channel portion 6 becomes an intermittent flow or an annular flow. However, in practice, even if some foaming occurs, operation is possible if the bubble breaking speed and the foaming speed due to the collision of the droplets are balanced and the foam layer does not exceed a certain height. Also, by design, when the superheated droplets ejected from each tube end 3 reach the side wall surface or the liquid surface of the evaporator 1 in a state in which the amount of superheat is not released, they boil and evaporate there. In order to avoid this, the appropriate liquid injection angle of each tube end 3 and the distance from the liquid level in the can of each tube end 3 are appropriately set. These are the same as those of Patent Document 1.

(Second Embodiment) FIG. 3 is shown corresponding to FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is shown corresponding to FIG. This evaporator is different from the evaporator of the first embodiment in that the evaporator 1 has an outlet 1c for the evaporated vapor provided on the upper periphery of the main body 10, and each pipe end 30 is moved up and down. It has the outer sleeve 7 accommodated in the cylinder in a substantially sealed state except for the end, and instead of the mist separator 2, between the inner surface portion of the evaporator 1 and the corresponding portion of the outer sleeve 7. It is changed by the point which has the demister 4 arrange | positioned by this. For this reason, in this description, the same reference numerals are given to the same members and parts as those in the first embodiment, and only the changes are described in detail. The plurality (10 in this example) of tube ends 30 are the same as the tube material of the first embodiment and the conventional tube ends, but may be the tube ends 3 described above.

  The main body 10 of the evaporator 1 is provided with an outlet 1c for evaporating vapor and a metal fitting 15 for supporting the demister 4. The outlet 1c is substituted for the outlet 2a of the mist separator 2 of the first embodiment. In the upper gas phase portion in the main body 10, it is provided around the upper side of the metal fitting 15. The take-out port 1c leads the evaporating vapor, which is in the evaporator 1 and from which the mist has been removed by the demister 4, to the condenser side (not shown) via a pipe, and allows the condenser to process it as a condensate. The lid 13 has a through hole through which the outer sleeve 7 is passed, and the outer sleeve 7 is fixedly supported by welding or the like in the through hole.

  The demister 4 has a substantially cylindrical shape with an outer diameter corresponding to the can diameter of the evaporator 1, and a through-hole through which the outer sleeve 7 is passed is formed at the center. And the demister 4 is supported in the substantially horizontal state using the metal fitting 15 with respect to the lower side periphery from the outlet 1c among the upper side gaseous-phase parts of the main body 10. FIG.

  The outer tube 7 has a length corresponding to the tube end 30 and has a case shape in which the lower end surface is closed. The outer tube 7 has a suction tube 8 connected to the upper periphery, and the lower end surface corresponds to the tube end 30. A number of through-holes 7a are formed. Each tube end 30 is inserted from the upper opening of the outer sleeve 7, the lower end projects from the through hole 7 a on the lower end surface, and the upper end is connected and supported flush with the tube plate 5. The cylinder 7 is accommodated in a sealed state. The tube sheet 5 is joined to the upper end surface of the outer sleeve 7.

  In the above structure, the plurality of tube ends 30, the tube plate 5, and the outer sleeve 7 are unitized as a unit. In the unit product, the lower part of the outer cylinder 7 below the lid 13 is inserted into the evaporator 1 in a state where the outer cylinder 7 is coupled and supported to the through hole of the lid 13. At that time, the lower portion of the outer sleeve 7 is inserted through a through hole provided in the central portion of the demister 4 with a sealant 16 or the like interposed therebetween. In this assembled state, the suction tube 8 of the outer sleeve 7 is disposed between the lid 13 and the tube plate 5. The suction tube 8 is connected to the above-described vacuum source, that is, vacuum suction means, so that the inside of the outer sleeve 7 can be sucked.

  The above evaporator is operated in the same manner as in the first embodiment except for the following points. That is, in this structure, when the gas phase mixed phase is injected from the lower end of each tube end 30, the liquid phase and the vapor are separated in the gas phase portion below the demister 4 out of the gas phase portion at the upper part of the can. The The droplet reaches the liquid surface as a saturated droplet. The vapor is adsorbed and separated by the demister 4 in the process of rising in the can by the demister 4, and is led out from the outlet 1c around the upper side to the condenser side as evaporating vapor not containing mist. Further, in this structure, the inside of the outer tube 7 is vacuum-sucked through the suction tube 8 to suppress the temperature rise of the tube end 30 and the outer tube 7, and the temperature of the outer surface of the outer tube 7 is changed to the evaporator 1. By maintaining the temperature substantially equal to the temperature of the gas phase portion, it is possible to reliably prevent the mist contained in the vapor from sticking to the outer surface of the outer sleeve 7. Other than this, what is described in the first embodiment is applicable as it is.

(Modification) FIG. 5 is shown corresponding to FIG. This evaporator is different from the evaporator of the second embodiment in that a vapor outlet 1c is provided on the neck 11 of the evaporator 1 and the shape of the demister 4A disposed in the evaporator 1. The point has been changed. For this reason, in this description, the same members and parts as those in the first and second embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and only the changes are described in detail.

  That is, the evaporator 1 has a long upper neck 11 and has an outlet 1 c around the neck 11. The take-out port 1c leads the evaporating vapor, which is in the evaporator 1 and from which the mist has been removed by the demister 4A, to the condenser side (not shown) via a pipe, and allows the condenser to process it as a condensate. The demister 4 </ b> A has a substantially bottomed cylindrical shape as a whole, and includes a cylindrical portion 40 that is smaller than the can diameter of the evaporator 1 and a bottom portion 41 that forms a lower end surface of the cylindrical portion 40. And the upper end side of the cylinder part 40 is attached via the metal fitting 17 so that it can communicate with the center of the upper inner surface of the evaporator 1, that is, the neck 11. For this reason, the outer sleeve 7 supported by the lid 13 is inserted into the cylinder portion 40 from the inside of the neck 11, and the lower end protrudes downward from the through hole provided in the central portion of the bottom portion 41. . The above evaporator is operated as in the second embodiment.

As described above, the present invention only needs to satisfy the requirements of the claims, and the details can be variously modified and developed with reference to the above-described embodiments and modifications.

It is a block diagram which shows typically the principal part of the evaporation apparatus which concerns on 1st Example. It is a schematic cross section which shows the pipe end unit of FIG. It is a block diagram which shows typically the principal part of the evaporation apparatus which concerns on 2nd Example. It is a schematic cross section which shows the pipe end unit of FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the modification which changed a part of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the principal part of the conventional evaporator typically.

1 ... Evaporator (10 is the main body, 11 is the neck)
2 ... Mist separator (23 is demister)
3 ... Pipe end (30 is pipe material or pipe end, 31 is resin)
4, 4A ... Demister 5 ... Tube plate 6 ... Channel part (6a is a small diameter cylindrical part, 6b is a large diameter cylindrical part, 6c is an inclined cylindrical part)
7 ... outer sleeve 8 ... suction tube 13 ... lid (also serves as a tube plate in FIGS. 1 and 2)

Claims (4)

The evaporator is provided with a steam outlet provided at the top of the can, a concentrate outlet provided at the bottom of the can, and a plurality of evaporators attached to the top of the can and projecting into the upper gas phase. A foaming solution to be treated is supplied as superheated liquid from a supply pipe connected between a heater and the pipe end to the pipe end, and gas and liquid are supplied from the lower end of the pipe end. In an evaporator that jets as a mixed phase,
A tube plate for holding the plurality of tube ends in a suspended state, and a substantially cylindrical channel portion interposed between the tube plate and the supply pipe;
The channel portion is connected to the tube plate at the lower end with an enlarged diameter, and each tube end is covered with a heat insulating resin at the outer peripheral portion, and the inlet side is connected to the tube plate substantially flush with each other. The foamable solution is connected and supported in a state, is detachably disposed on the evaporator via the tube plate, and the superheated liquid is introduced almost uniformly from the channel portion and sprayed. Evaporation device. The evaporator is provided with a steam outlet provided at the top of the can, a concentrate outlet provided at the bottom of the can, and a plurality of evaporators attached to the top of the can and projecting into the upper gas phase. A foaming solution to be treated is supplied as superheated liquid from a supply pipe connected between a heater and the pipe end to the pipe end, and gas and liquid are supplied from the lower end of the pipe end. In an evaporator that jets as a mixed phase,
A tube plate for holding the plurality of tube ends in a suspended state, a substantially cylindrical channel portion interposed between the tube plate and the supply pipe, and upper and lower ends of the tube ends. Except that the outer sleeve is housed in a tube in a substantially sealed state, and a suction tube connected to the outer tube and for vacuum suction of the outer tube, and each tube end is An evaporating apparatus for evaporating solution, which is detachably disposed on the evaporator through the tube plate, and injects the superheated liquid from the channel portion substantially uniformly . The evaporating solution evaporating apparatus according to claim 2 , further comprising a disk-like or cylindrical demister provided between an inner surface portion of the evaporator and a corresponding portion of the outer tube. Using the evaporation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the foamable solution to be treated is evaporated to reach the tube end to form a gas-liquid mixed phase, and the gas in the vicinity of the tube end. The flow form of the phase-mixed phase is set to intermittent flow or annular flow, and most of the residual heat quantity in the liquid droplets ejected from the tube end reaches the liquid phase portion at the bottom of the can. A method for evaporating a foamable solution, wherein the boiling is completed by releasing it as latent heat of vaporization in the part.

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