JP4385221B2 - Biological water purification equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a device for purifying water with microorganisms and the like, and in particular, a biological water purification device used for an aquarium or other container for rearing or transporting fish and shellfish captured in rivers, seas, etc. The present invention also relates to a biological water purification apparatus used in a high-pressure vessel for capturing and raising deep sea fish and shellfish.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there are the following water purification devices attached to a water tank for transporting or rearing fish and shellfish captured in rivers or the sea. Generally used as a container for transporting fish and shellfish in a state where water is not easily spilled and air is supplied into the water by an air pump driven by a battery in the tank. It has been. In addition, for fish and shellfish reared in an aquarium for appreciation or live fish, a filter device is attached inside or outside the aquarium to circulate the water in the aquarium, and external air or oxygen is circulated with an air pump or the like as necessary. A method of pouring into water is used.

  However, these methods have the following drawbacks. When oxygen is supplied from outside air, it is difficult to seal the container and there is a risk of water leakage, making it unsuitable for long-distance transportation.If transporting for a long time, metabolites such as seafood excreta Residual food can cause poor water quality, which often causes seafood to become sick or die. In the case of an aquarium for viewing or live fish, a filtering device is provided inside or outside to circulate the water, the device itself becomes large, and the container cannot be sealed to inject air or oxygen into the water. There are also problems such as noise. When using seawater for viewing or live fish tanks, when the bubbles are repelled, the salt in the seawater scatters together and the so-called “salting” phenomenon occurs and the tank must always be cleaned. There is a drawback.

  Further, the conventional biological water purification apparatus has a complicated structure, and it takes labor and cost to process and bond the members, and if the performance is pursued, the size has to be increased. Then, development of the apparatus which performs water purification by various microorganisms of simple and low cost is tried (refer patent document 1, patent document 2, patent document 3), but since water purification processing is fixed, it is arbitrary. Could not cope with processing capacity.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-127724 JP-A-11-262344 JP-A-2002-335810

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems in the water purification apparatus. The seafood is reared for viewing or live fish, transported while being utilized for a long time, or deep seafood. The present invention provides a water purification apparatus suitable for a high-pressure vessel for capturing and breeding species.

  In the aquarium, metabolites and residual food of seafood are decomposed in the water to generate ammonia, which is converted to nitric acid via nitrite by aerobic bacteria in the aquarium. However, if the above action by aerobic bacteria is insufficient, ammonia and nitrous acid, which are highly toxic to fish and shellfish, may increase and die. For this reason, it is necessary to rapidly change the generated ammonia to nitric acid that is relatively less toxic to fish and shellfish by aerobic bacteria that have passed aquarium water through the filter medium and have been deposited on the filter medium.

  The present invention provides a microbial culture chamber for water purification inside or outside the container corresponding to the container for seafood containing fresh water or seawater. The microorganism culture chamber is filled with a filter medium, supplied with air or oxygen (hereinafter referred to as air), and circulated fresh water or seawater to propagate aerobic or anaerobic microorganisms.

  The microorganism culture chamber 5 of the biological water purification apparatus of the present invention is composed of a plurality of microorganism culture units. The microbial culture unit basically has a box shape having an upper plate 33 and a lower plate 32, and a partition plate 3 having an air vent 9 and a passage hole 35 therein, and an air vent. A corner partition plate 6 that is provided with a recess 9 and a passage hole 35 and is disposed in the corner portion is provided. An air reservoir can be formed at the upper portion of the cut by the air vent cut 9, and water can be freely moved by the passage hole 35.

  The microorganism culture unit is provided with an upper plate 33 and a lower plate 32, and the upper plate 33 is notched so that the upper side of the triangular corner portion partitioned by the corner partition plate 6 is opened. On the other hand, the lower plate 32 is provided with a large number of passage holes 2 at the corners at a position diagonal to the corner partition plate 6, and when the upper and lower units are turned upside down by changing their orientation, the triangle of the upper plate 33 of the lower unit is placed. The cutout portion is configured to be directly below the corner portion passage hole 2 of the lower plate 32 of the lower unit (FIG. 1). A plurality of such microorganism culture units are stacked one above the other and closely connected to form one microorganism culture chamber 5.

  When this microbial culture room is installed in an arbitrary aquarium, the growth of microorganisms is promoted by dissolved oxygen contained in the water, and the water contaminated with fish metabolites and residual food is purified to create an environment suitable for the growth of seafood. can do.

  The aquarium equipped with the biological water purification apparatus of the present invention decomposes and purifies metabolites and residual foods of seafood using aerobic or anaerobic microorganisms, and maintains the water quality without cleaning for a long period of time. Can do. There is no need to seal each chamber as in the conventional microorganism culture chamber, and processing is simple and material costs can be reduced.

  The conventional water purification device is fixed and another purification device has to be added in order to increase the water purification treatment capacity. However, the device of the present invention can be freely arranged in quantity and arrangement depending on the installation location. The number of units can be increased or decreased to accommodate any water purification capacity. Moreover, it is possible not only to purify water but also to dissolve an arbitrary gas in an arbitrary liquid.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a water purification apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, although the sea water purification apparatus will be mainly described, the same principle applies to other water purification.

  The microorganism culture chamber 5 of the biological water purification apparatus of the present invention is composed of a plurality of microorganism culture units. The microorganism culture unit basically has a box shape with an upper plate 33 and a lower plate 32, and a partition plate 3 having an air vent 1 'and a passage hole 35 therein, and an air vent. A corner partition plate 6 having a notch 1 and a passage hole 35 and disposed at a corner portion is provided. An air reservoir can be formed at the upper portion of the cut by the air vent cut 9, and water can be freely moved by the passage hole 35. Here, instead of the passage hole 35, the slit 2B may be used.

  The microorganism culture unit is provided with an upper plate 33 and a lower plate 32, and the upper plate 33 is notched so that the upper side of the triangular corner portion partitioned by the corner partition plate 6 is opened. On the other hand, the lower plate 32 is provided with a large number of passage holes 2 at the corners at a position diagonal to the corner partition plate 6, and when the upper and lower units are turned upside down by changing their orientation, the triangle of the upper plate 33 of the lower unit is placed. The cutout portion is configured to be directly below the corner portion passage hole 2 of the lower plate 32 of the lower unit (FIG. 1). A plurality of upper and lower microorganism culture units thus formed are stacked and closely connected to form one microorganism culture chamber 5.

  The number of partition plates 3 is not limited to two, and can be increased or decreased as necessary. Although the partition plate 3 is provided with the passage hole 35, it may have a shape like a slit 2B that is easier to process than hollowing out a circle. In addition, by making the air vent cut into a triangular shape, the bubbles pass in a fine state and the movement of the air becomes smooth, and the noise generated when the air passes can be reduced. Similar cuts 1 'are also made on the partition plates 3A and 3B (FIG. 1).

  If the microorganism culture unit is a box with upper and lower plates, the number of units can be easily increased or decreased according to the necessity of stacking capacity. However, the microorganism culture unit is not necessarily a box with upper and lower plates, and either the upper plate or the lower plate may be omitted. If the upper plate is omitted, air in the air reservoir should not leak when the upper and lower units are tightly coupled. In addition, when the lower plate is omitted, the filter medium is placed with the unit turned upside down, and a plurality of units are stacked to form a microorganism culture chamber and used upside down. However, the filter medium does not fall from the triangular cutout. Thus, it is necessary to provide a corner partition plate in advance.

  FIG. 2 shows a state in which the filter medium 7 is arranged in the microorganism culture unit. By spreading the filter medium 7, it is possible to filter the water biologically, partition the unit with each partition plate to suppress the movement of the filter medium 7, uniform the air layer, enhance the microbial culture function, can do.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram in which a set of microorganism culture chambers 5 is configured by stacking microorganism culture units 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D, and 5E vertically. Air reservoirs 8A, 8B, 8C, 8D, and 8E are formed in the upper part of each microorganism culture unit 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D, and 5E by the air reservoir partitions 6A, 6B, 6C, 6D, and 6E, and aerobic microorganisms The environment can be easy to breed. In addition, when anaerobic microorganisms are propagated, it is sufficient to eliminate air accumulation, and any microorganism can be handled.

  The air inlet 12 for introducing air from the outside and the water supply port 11 for introducing water are made to face the lowermost microorganism culture unit 5E below. In the case of sea water, salt dripping tends to adhere to the inside of the pipe and there is a risk of clogging, so the water supply pipe should be arranged as straight as possible. By introducing water and air into the lower part of the bottom microbial culture unit 5E, the water 26 is pushed up from below by the ascending force of the gas. Absent. The introduced gas is abundantly dissolved in water, but the introduced gas can use oxygen in addition to air, and its concentration may be changed as necessary. In addition, it is possible to improve the processing capacity by arranging a plurality of microorganism culture chambers 5 side by side in parallel.

  The example which applied the water purification apparatus in this invention to the water tank for ornamental is shown in FIG. When fresh air is introduced from the air inlet 12 into the lower part of the lowermost microorganism culture unit 5E by the introduction tube 14A, the air gradually rises and the microorganisms culture units 5A to 5E by the air reservoir partitions 6A to 6E of each unit. Air reservoirs 8A to 8E are formed in the upper part of the inside to promote the growth of microorganisms by dissolved oxygen, and the staying air escapes to the outside from the air vent hole 9 of the upper plate 33 of the uppermost microorganism culture unit 5A.

  Water 26 contaminated with metabolites and residual feed of fish 17 in the aquarium 25 is physically filtered by the cylindrical filter 16 by the motor pump 15, passes through the introduction tube 14 </ b> C from the water introduction port 34, and reaches the bottom layer from the water supply port 11. It is introduced into the lower part of the microorganism culture unit 5E. In this way, the mixed water with the air gradually rises in the microorganism culture unit, is purified while passing through the microorganism culture chamber 5, and is eventually returned to the water tank 25 from the drain 10 through the introduction tube 14B. In addition, since the microorganism culture room 5 is arrange | positioned in the external container 13, there is no worry of a water leak.

  The microorganism culturing chamber 5 is composed of five stages, but is not limited to this, and the number of stages is variable depending on the degree of purification, the convenience of space, and the like. Moreover, if it is the same structure, it can change arbitrarily by installation space, such as arranging not only vertically but horizontally. The filter 16 disposed in the front stage of the motor pump 15 can be arbitrarily selected such as the rear stage of the motor pump 15, the inside of the introduction tube 14C, or the front stage of the water supply port 11.

  The water 26 fed by the motor pump 15 may be introduced from the upper part of the microorganism culture chamber 5 through the introduction tube 14C, or may be introduced directly into the microorganism culture chamber 5 from the lower part. When the drainage port 10 and the water supply port 11 are above the water tank as shown in FIG. 5, the air can be extracted from the air vent hole 9. When the water supply port 11 is below, the lid 9A is attached so that water does not overflow from the air vent hole 9, and the mixed solution of air and water is drained from the drain port 10.

  An example in which an anaerobic microorganism culture chamber 30 is provided is shown in FIG. The anaerobic microorganism culture chamber 30 is filled with a filter medium on which artificially cultured anaerobic microorganisms are deposited. A branch port 29 is attached to the rear stage of the motor pump 15, and water is allowed to flow simultaneously to the anaerobic microorganism culture chamber 30 disposed beside the motor pump 15 by a thin introduction tube 14 </ b> C branched from the branch port. When the anaerobic microorganism culture chamber 30 is deprived of oxygen and cultivates suitable anaerobic environmental conditions that facilitate the cultivation of anaerobic microorganisms, the anaerobic microorganisms grow and decompose nitric acid into nitrogen gas, which is released to the outside. The water is returned to the water tank from the drain port 31 to improve the water quality environment.

FIG. 6 shows an example in which the water purification apparatus according to the present invention is applied to a deep sea fish capturing apparatus. The microorganism culture chamber 5 may be placed vertically or horizontally. Attach a pressure control valve 28 that can withstand the water pressure in the deep sea, first fill with pure oxygen, put food into the pressure-resistant container 21, submerge in the sea with the pressure-resistant lid 20 open, and leave deep sea fish 23. come.
As soon as the deep sea fish 23 enters the container, the pressure-resistant lid 20 is closed and then pulled up to the sea. However, since the pressure inside the pressure-resistant container 21 becomes higher than the external seawater pressure, the pressure-resistant lid 20 is automatically sealed at a high pressure. Although the internal pressure gradually decreases when the pressure vessel 21 is pulled up, a pressure reducing device may be installed to reduce the internal and external pressure difference.

  The pressure device 21 raised to the sea is carried to an aquarium or the like for viewing. Since the internal pressure of the pressure device 21 is the same as that in the deep sea and the water and air used in the microorganism culture chamber 5 are equal to the state of seawater in the deep sea, the deep sea fish 23 is not burdened. In order to get used to the atmospheric pressure on the ground, the pressure control valve 28 may be gradually opened. The windows 22A and 22B are provided so as to allow appreciation. However, the windows 22A and 22B do not have to be circular and may have any shape, and the shape of the pressure-resistant lid 20 is also arbitrary. Feeding under atmospheric pressure is performed through the feeding area 27, and consideration is given to minimizing the change in pressure.

  An ornamental water tank of about 60 liters was used, and a microorganism culture chamber composed of five layers was installed on its side (see FIG. 5). When seawater was put into the water tank and the motor pump was started, the seawater was physically filtered by a cylindrical filter and introduced into the bottom of the microorganism culture chamber from the water supply port through the introduction tube. When fresh air is introduced from the introduction tube to the bottom of the microorganism culture chamber, the air staying in the uppermost microorganism culture unit escapes outside through the air vent hole, while the seawater in the tank is purified in the microorganism culture chamber and discharged from the drainage port. It was returned to the water tank through the introduction tube.

  In this way, seawater was circulated and purified, and long-term breeding was attempted simply by periodically cleaning the filter. As a result, in the approximately 60 liter aquarium, 1-15 cm fry and adult fish collected in the sea such as red sea bream, sarcophagus, medina, gonzui, bella, goby, nabeka, kinubari, shrimp, hermit crab, crab, etc. survive for more than 1 year. Medina was a fry of about 1 cm at the time of collection, but it grew to about 20 cm, and shrimp, hermit crab, crab, and nabeka were laying eggs. In addition, in the approximately 40 liter aquarium with the same structure, octopus was raised for half a year and spawned into eggs, but all succeeded with almost no water change.

  In the same tank, fresh water was added and a breeding test was conducted. As a result, the larvae of about 1 cm shortly after hatching continue to survive without water change for more than two years. Moreover, although this aquarium was used for about one month as a transport or stock tank, it was confirmed that the fish that were reared and transported could be kept alive without any problem once bacteria breeding started.

  The present invention can not only purify water by microorganisms but also dissolve any gas. For example, it can create drinking water in which hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide are abundantly dissolved. It can also be applied to bathhouses that are rich in carbon dioxide and oxygen, and since hydrogen water has the effect of removing malignant active oxygen, there are things that can be expected for diversion to hot springs such as hot springs.

  It can also be used to purify ponds, lakes, and pools. At that time, the water purification apparatus according to the present invention may be submerged or floated on the water surface using a floating ring or the like (not shown). When it is submerged, it is driven by a power source, and when it is floated, it may be a battery or may generate power using a solar cell. In either case, only the filter needs to be cleaned periodically. Further, it can be used as a water purification device for purifying sewage having relatively good fluidity.

  Since the present invention does not require capital investment such as a large water tank, it can be installed even in a small store and can serve live fish in a tavern. Moreover, it can be used as a space-saving live fish tank regardless of transportation means, from ships, aviation to motorcycles. In the case of a live fish transport truck, the live fish tank is filled with water, and pure oxygen is injected little by little into the microbial culture chamber so that it does not overflow into the tank. It can reduce the flow of water due to water and improve the habitat of live fish. Moreover, it can be applied not only to the capture and breeding of deep-sea fish, but also to the breeding of seafood in outer space.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the water purification apparatus in said embodiment, an Example, and industrial applicability, A various deformation | transformation is carried out within the range of the content described in the claim of a claim. It is possible, and the present invention includes all of them.

It is the microbial culture unit of the water purification apparatus concerning this invention, and is the perspective view which excluded the upper board. It is a perspective view which shows the state which has arrange | positioned the filter medium to the microorganism culture unit which excluded the upper board of the water purification apparatus concerning this invention. It is an expansion schematic diagram of the corner partition provided in the microorganism culture unit which excluded the upper board of the water purification apparatus concerning this invention. It is sectional drawing of the Example of the microorganism culture room which is a water purification apparatus concerning this invention. It is a schematic diagram of the Example which applied the water purification apparatus concerning this invention to the tank for ornamental or live fish. It is the schematic diagram of the Example which applied the water purification apparatus concerning this invention to the capture and breeding apparatus of a deep-sea fish. It is a perspective view of the Example which arranged the anaerobic microorganism chamber in parallel with the water purification apparatus concerning this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1, 1 'air cut-out 2, 2A passage hole 2B slit 3A, 3B partition plate 4 connecting body 5 microorganism culture chamber 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D, 5E microorganism culture unit 6 corner partition plates 6A, 6B, 6C, 6D , 6E Air reservoir partition plate 7 Filter media 8A, 8B, 8C, 8D, 8E Air reservoir 9 Air vent 9A Lid 10 Drain port 11 Water inlet 12 Air inlet 13 External container 14A, 14B, 14C Inlet tube 15 Motor pump 16 Filter 17 Fish 18A, 18B Water flow 19A, 19B Air flow 20 Pressure-resistant lid 21 Pressure-resistant vessel 22A, 22B Window 23 Deep sea fish 24 Opening direction 25 Aquarium 26 Water 27 Feeding station 28 Pressure control valve 29 Branch port 32 Lower plate 33 Upper plate 34 Water inlet 35 Passage hole

Claims (4)

Aerobic microbial culture chamber comprises a plurality of aerobic microbial culture unit, each of the said aerobic microbial culture unit and the partition plate and the corner partition plate provided with a passage hole and an air vent notches provided, the aerobic microorganisms The culture unit is provided with an upper plate and / or a lower plate, the upper plate is notched so that the upper side of the triangular corner section partitioned by the corner partition plate is opened, and the lower plate is diagonally connected to the corner partition plate. provided a number of passing holes at the corners of the position of, filled with filter media in the aerobic microbial culture unit, characterized in that the introduction of water and air or oxygen at the bottom of the aerobic microbial culture chamber organism Water purification device. Seafood aquarium installed in the vicinity of the aerobic microbial culture chamber, the aerobic microbial culture chamber drain outlet air vent hole on the side on top of the installed water inlet and provided with a filter to the water tank The biological water purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a pump is provided, and water is introduced into the lowermost part of the aerobic microorganism culture chamber by the pump. Apart from the aerobic microbial culture chamber, the anaerobic microbial culture chamber provided, according to claim 2, characterized in that a part of the introduction water from said pump to face the lower portion of the anaerobic microbial culture chamber Biological water purification equipment. The biological water purification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the aerobic microorganism culture chamber is installed in a deep sea pressure vessel equipped with a pressure-resistant lid and a pressure-reducing device.

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