JP4378307B2 - Axial feed edge replaceable tool - Google Patents

Axial feed edge replaceable tool Download PDF

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JP4378307B2
JP4378307B2 JP2005083059A JP2005083059A JP4378307B2 JP 4378307 B2 JP4378307 B2 JP 4378307B2 JP 2005083059 A JP2005083059 A JP 2005083059A JP 2005083059 A JP2005083059 A JP 2005083059A JP 4378307 B2 JP4378307 B2 JP 4378307B2
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tool
cutting edge
insert
blade
stage
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JP2006263841A (en
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昌孝 加藤
光一郎 ▲保▼坂
照秋 長谷川
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Moldino Tool Engineering Ltd
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Hitachi Tool Engineering Ltd
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Description

本願発明は、軸方向に切削送りを作用させる刃先交換式工具に関し、特に高送り加工に好適な刃先交換式工具に関する。   The present invention relates to a blade-tip replaceable tool that applies cutting feed in the axial direction, and particularly relates to a blade-tip replaceable tool suitable for high-feed machining.

金型等を切削加工する場合であって、特に大型の金型等の壁面や深い穴などの立面荒加工を行なう工具としては、軸方向に切削送りを作用させる刃先交換式工具が用いられている。この様な工具はバーチカルカッターと呼ばれ、使用されるインサートは、菱形又は平行四辺形板状で、例えば特許文献1に開示されている。特許文献1は、平面視した形状が略正方形の板状体が開示されている。このインサートの切れ刃は直線状であるため、側面切削の際に、切れ刃全体が被削材加工面と接触し、切れ刃全体が被削材に接触して切削抵抗が増大し、ビビリ振動が発生しやすいといった課題を有する。このため、送り速度が制約され高送りで加工することはできない。また、切れ刃が欠損する恐れもあり無人加工など信頼性を必要とする加工に用いることができない。更に、被削材の加工面について、面粗さの改善についての対策は開示されていない。   When cutting dies, etc., especially as tools for roughing vertical surfaces such as walls and deep holes of large dies, cutting edge replacement tools that use cutting feed in the axial direction are used. ing. Such a tool is called a vertical cutter, and an insert to be used is a rhombus or a parallelogram plate, and is disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example. Patent Document 1 discloses a plate-like body having a substantially square shape in plan view. Since the cutting edge of this insert is linear, the entire cutting edge comes into contact with the workpiece surface during side cutting, and the entire cutting edge comes into contact with the workpiece, increasing the cutting resistance and chatter vibration. There is a problem that is likely to occur. For this reason, the feed rate is restricted and machining with high feed cannot be performed. In addition, the cutting edge may be lost, and cannot be used for processing that requires reliability such as unmanned processing. Furthermore, no measures for improving the surface roughness of the processed surface of the work material are disclosed.

特開2002−66811号公報JP 2002-66811 A

本願発明は、軸方向送り用の高送り加工に適する切れ刃の耐欠損性を改善することにより、加工信頼性が高く、加工面粗さの小さい加工をすることができる軸方向送り用の刃先交換式工具を提供することを目的とする。   The invention of the present application is a cutting edge for axial feed that can perform machining with high machining reliability and low surface roughness by improving the fracture resistance of a cutting blade suitable for high feed machining for axial feed. An object is to provide a replaceable tool.

本願発明における第1の発明は、インサートが着脱自在な刃先交換式工具において、該インサートは、すくい面側から見た形状が略4角形状を呈し、各辺は外側に略凸円弧状であり、該インサートを刃先交換式工具として取り付けた時、該凸円弧状の稜線が外周刃をなし、該外周刃が主切れ刃となって、該主切れ刃の切込み角度をκ度とした時に、該κを、該刃先交換式工具の最外周点Qとインサートの互いに隣り合う主切れ刃の交わる点P1とを結ぶ線分M1の工具回転軸に対する角度で、10≦κ≦30とし、該刃先交換式工具を用いた加工面の粗さが、Ryで、300〜1000μmであることを特徴とする軸方向送り刃先交換式工具である。
第2の発明は、インサートが着脱自在な刃先交換式工具において、該インサートは、すくい面側から見た形状が略3角形状を呈し、各辺は外側に凸円弧状であり、該インサートを刃先交換式工具として取り付けた時、該凸円弧状の稜線が外周刃をなし、該外周刃が主切れ刃となって、該主切れ刃の切込み角度をκ度とした時に、該κを、該刃先交換式工具の最外周点Qとインサートの互いに隣り合う主切れ刃の交わる点P1とを結ぶ線分M1の工具回転軸に対する角度で、10≦κ≦30とし、該刃先交換式工具を用いた加工面の粗さが、Ryで、300〜1000μmであることを特徴とする軸方向送り刃先交換式工具である。
本構成を採用することにより、軸方向送りが高送りであっても切れ刃の耐欠損性の改善により加工信頼性が高く、更に、加工面粗さの小さい加工をすることができる軸方向送り刃先交換式工具を実現することができる。ここで、軸方向送りの高送り加工とは、切削条件における1刃当たりの送り量が0.5mm/刃を超えるような切削と定義する。
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a blade-tip-replaceable tool in which the insert is detachable. The insert has a substantially square shape when viewed from the rake face side, and each side has a substantially convex arc shape on the outside. when fitted with the insert as indexable tool, when said substantially convex arcuate ridge forms the peripheral cutting edge, the outer peripheral edge becomes the main cutting edge, the cut angle of the main cutting edge was κ degree Κ is an angle with respect to the tool rotation axis of a line segment M1 connecting the outermost peripheral point Q of the cutting edge replaceable tool and the point P1 where the adjacent main cutting edges of the insert intersect, and 10 ≦ κ ≦ 30 , Roughness of the processing surface using the blade tip replaceable tool is 300 to 1000 μm in Ry .
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a blade-tip-exchangeable tool in which the insert is detachable. The insert has a substantially triangular shape when viewed from the rake face side, and each side has a convex arc shape on the outside. when mounted as indexable tool, the substantially convex arcuate ridge forms the peripheral cutting edge, the outer peripheral edge becomes the main cutting edge, when the cut angle of the main cutting edge was κ degree, the κ The angle of the line segment M1 connecting the outermost peripheral point Q of the cutting edge replaceable tool and the point P1 at which the adjacent main cutting edges of the insert intersect with respect to the tool rotation axis, 10 ≦ κ ≦ 30, and the cutting edge replaceable tool An axial feed blade tip replaceable tool characterized in that the roughness of the machined surface using R is 300 to 1000 μm in Ry .
By adopting this configuration, even if the axial feed is high, the axial feed can improve machining reliability due to improved chipping resistance of the cutting edge, and can perform machining with low machining surface roughness. A blade-exchangeable tool can be realized. Here, high-feed machining with axial feed is defined as cutting in which the feed amount per blade under cutting conditions exceeds 0.5 mm / tooth.

本願発明のインサートが着脱自在な刃先交換式工具において、該インサートの凸円弧状をなす稜線からなる主切れ刃の円弧半径をR(mm)とした時、10≦R≦20であること、インサートの主切れ刃の最外周点は、凸円弧状の中心よりも上側になるように取り付けることが好ましい。インサートの主切れ刃の半径方向すくい角度をθ1度とした時、−10≦θ1≦0となるように、また軸方向すくい角度をθ2度とした時、5≦θ2≦10となるように取り付けることが好ましい。更に、該軸方向送り刃先交換式工具を第1段目に設け、更に、軸方向に間隔をあけて第2段目を配置させた軸方向送り刃先交換式工具であって、該第1段目の刃径D1と、該第2段目の刃径D2との差が、0<(D2−D1)≦4、であり、該第2段目のインサートは、すくい面側から見た形状が略4角形状又は略3角形状を呈し、各辺は外側に略凸円弧状又は直線状であり、該第2段目に該インサートを取り付けた時、該外側に略凸円弧状又は直線状の稜線が外周刃をなし、該2段目の軸方向送り刃先交換式工具を用いた加工面の粗さが、Ryで、35〜300μmであることを特徴とする軸方向送り刃先交換式工具であることが好ましい。 In the cutting edge replaceable tool in which the insert of the present invention is detachable, 10 ≦ R ≦ 20, where R (mm) is the arc radius of the main cutting edge composed of a ridge line forming a convex arc shape of the insert, It is preferable that the outermost peripheral point of the main cutting edge is attached to be above the center of the convex arc. When the rake angle in the radial direction of the main cutting edge of the insert is θ1 degrees, it is attached so that −10 ≦ θ1 ≦ 0, and when the rake angle in the axial direction is θ2 degrees, 5 ≦ θ2 ≦ 10. It is preferable. Further, the axial feed blade tip replaceable tool is provided in the first stage, and further, the axial feed blade tip replaceable tool is disposed in the second stage with an interval in the axial direction. The difference between the blade diameter D1 of the eye and the blade diameter D2 of the second stage is 0 <(D2-D1) ≦ 4, and the insert of the second stage is a shape viewed from the rake face side. Has a substantially square shape or a substantially triangular shape, and each side has a substantially convex arc shape or a straight line shape on the outside, and when the insert is attached to the second stage, a substantially convex arc shape or a straight line on the outside. An axial feed blade tip exchange type characterized in that the ridge line of the shape forms an outer peripheral blade, and the roughness of the machining surface using the second stage axial feed blade tip exchange tool is 35 to 300 μm in Ry it is preferable that the tool.

本願発明によって、軸方向送りの高送りであっても切れ刃の耐欠損性の改善により加工信頼性が高く、加工面粗さの小さい加工をすることができる軸方向送り用の刃先交換式工具を提供することができた。本願発明によれば、切削動力が小さく、ビビリ振動や切れ刃欠損が少なく加工信頼性の高い切削が可能となった。軸方向送りの高送りの条件であっても、駆動動力を増やすことなく加工面粗さの小さい切削を実現することができた。   The invention of the present application enables a blade-tip-replaceable tool for axial feeding that can perform machining with high machining reliability and low machining surface roughness by improving the chipping resistance of the cutting edge even at high feeds in the axial direction. Could be provided. According to the present invention, cutting power is small, and chatter vibration and cutting edge defects are few and cutting with high processing reliability is possible. Even under high feed conditions in the axial direction, it was possible to achieve cutting with a small surface roughness without increasing drive power.

本願発明の実施形態を図1、図2に示す。図1は、刃先交換式工具で、図2は、本願第1発明の正方形のインサートを用いた例である。図2に示す様に、凸円弧状の稜線が外周刃をなし、該外周刃が主切れ刃となって、該主切れ刃の切込み角度をκ度とした時に、10≦κ≦30となるように取り付けることによって、切削動力の影響と加工能率とのバランスにとって好都合である。κが10度未満の時は、切屑厚さが薄くなり滑らかな被削面が得られるが、小さすぎると切込み量Hdも小さなり、高送りはできても加工能率が低下してしまうといった不都合がある。また、κが30度を超えて大きい時は、切屑厚さが厚くなり切削動力が大きくなるために送り速度を上げることができなくなるため不都合である。従って、本願発明ではκを10≦κ≦30に規定する。より好ましくは、15≦κ≦20に設定するとよい。ここで、κを定義する。インサートのお互いに隣り合う2つの切れ刃稜線の交わる点をP1とし、主切れ刃の最外周点をQとした時、点P1と点Qとを結んだ線を線M1とする。一方、点Qを通り、軸と平行な線を線Nとする。この線M1と線Nとのなす角度がκとなる。但し、P1は軸方向であって工具切削方向の点である。   An embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS. FIG. 1 is a blade-tip-exchangeable tool, and FIG. 2 is an example using the square insert of the first invention of the present application. As shown in FIG. 2, when the convex arc-shaped ridge line forms an outer peripheral edge, the outer peripheral edge becomes the main cutting edge, and the cutting angle of the main cutting edge is κ degrees, 10 ≦ κ ≦ 30 This mounting is advantageous for the balance between the influence of the cutting power and the machining efficiency. When κ is less than 10 degrees, the chip thickness becomes thin and a smooth work surface can be obtained. However, if it is too small, the cutting amount Hd is small, and even if high feed can be performed, the machining efficiency decreases. is there. On the other hand, when κ is larger than 30 degrees, the chip thickness becomes thick and the cutting power increases, which makes it impossible to increase the feed rate. Therefore, in the present invention, κ is defined as 10 ≦ κ ≦ 30. More preferably, 15 ≦ κ ≦ 20 is set. Here, κ is defined. A point where two cutting edge lines adjacent to each other of the insert intersect is P1, and when the outermost peripheral point of the main cutting edge is Q, a line connecting the point P1 and the point Q is a line M1. On the other hand, a line passing through the point Q and parallel to the axis is defined as a line N. The angle formed by the line M1 and the line N is κ. However, P1 is an axial direction and is a point of a tool cutting direction.

本願発明のインサートにおける主切れ刃は、円弧半径Rが10≦R≦20であることが好ましい。Rが10≦R≦20であることによって、主切れ刃の耐欠損性への効果と切削動力の低減とのバランスがとれることによって好都合である。Rが10未満の場合、耐欠損性が劣るといった不都合がある。また、Rが20度を超えて大きい時は、主切れ刃が長くなり過ぎるために切削動力が大きくなるので不都合である。従って、本願発明は10≦R≦20であることが好ましい。主切れ刃の長さは3〜7mm程度になるようにすると良い。インサート取り付け座のスペース的な制約もあり、工具切削外径Dが32mm以下のものではRが10≦R≦15、それ以上の大径品では15≦R≦20にすることが好ましい。主切れ刃の稜線は、全長が円弧で形成される以外にも、直線と円弧とを組み合わせた稜線や、折れ線状の稜線として略円弧形状となっていれば、若干寿命は劣るものの略同様な性能を示すことができる。本願発明のインサートにおける点Qと凸円弧状の稜線上の中点との位置関係は、点Qが該中点よりも軸方向であって工具切削方向の後側になるように取り付けることが好ましい。   The main cutting edge in the insert of the present invention preferably has an arc radius R of 10 ≦ R ≦ 20. When R is 10 ≦ R ≦ 20, the balance between the effect on the fracture resistance of the main cutting edge and the reduction of cutting power is advantageous. When R is less than 10, there is a disadvantage that the fracture resistance is inferior. Further, when R is larger than 20 degrees, the main cutting edge becomes too long, which is inconvenient because the cutting power increases. Therefore, the present invention preferably satisfies 10 ≦ R ≦ 20. The length of the main cutting edge is preferably about 3 to 7 mm. Due to space limitations of the insert mounting seat, it is preferable that R is 10 ≦ R ≦ 15 when the tool cutting outer diameter D is 32 mm or less, and 15 ≦ R ≦ 20 when the outer diameter is larger. The ridgeline of the main cutting edge is substantially the same as the ridgeline of a combination of a straight line and an arc, or a substantially arc shape as a broken line ridgeline, although the overall length is formed by an arc. Performance can be demonstrated. It is preferable that the positional relationship between the point Q in the insert of the present invention and the midpoint on the convex arcuate ridgeline is attached so that the point Q is axially behind the midpoint and behind the tool cutting direction. .

図3に示す様に、本願発明のインサートにおける主切れ刃の半径方向すくい角度をθ1は、−10≦θ1≦0となることが好ましい。θ1が−10≦θ1≦0であることによって、ビビリ振動を防止しながら切れ味を維持することに好都合である。θ1が−10度未満の場合、切削動力が高くなり切れ味が悪くなるため不都合である。また、θ1が0度を超えて大きい時も同様に、切削動力が高くなり切れ味が悪くなるため不都合である。従って、本願発明では−10≦θ1≦0であることが好ましい。更により好ましくは、−10≦θ1≦−4である。
図4に示す様に、本願発明のインサートにおける主切れ刃の軸方向すくい角度をθ2は、5≦θ2≦10となることが好ましい。θ2が5≦θ2≦10であることによって、ビビリ振動を防止しながら切れ味を維持することにとって好都合である。θ2が5度未満の場合、切削動力が高くなり切れ味が悪くなるため不都合である。θ2が10度を超えて大きい時は、切れ味は良くなるが、刃先強度が低下し欠損等が発生しやすくなるため不都合である。従って、本願発明では5≦θ2≦10であることが好ましい。更により好ましくは、6≦θ2≦9である。
As shown in FIG. 3, it is preferable that the rake angle θ1 in the radial direction of the main cutting edge in the insert of the present invention is −10 ≦ θ1 ≦ 0. When θ1 is −10 ≦ θ1 ≦ 0, it is convenient to maintain sharpness while preventing chatter vibration. If θ1 is less than −10 degrees, the cutting power becomes high and the sharpness becomes worse, which is inconvenient. Similarly, when θ1 is larger than 0 degree, the cutting power is increased and the sharpness is deteriorated. Therefore, in the present invention, it is preferable that −10 ≦ θ1 ≦ 0. Even more preferably, −10 ≦ θ1 ≦ −4.
As shown in FIG. 4, it is preferable that the axial rake angle of the main cutting edge in the insert of the present invention is θ ≦ 5 ≦ θ2 ≦ 10. When θ2 is 5 ≦ θ2 ≦ 10, it is advantageous for maintaining sharpness while preventing chatter vibration. If θ2 is less than 5 degrees, the cutting power becomes high and the sharpness becomes worse, which is inconvenient. When θ2 is larger than 10 degrees, the sharpness is improved, but it is inconvenient because the edge strength is lowered and defects are easily generated. Therefore, in the present invention, it is preferable that 5 ≦ θ2 ≦ 10. Even more preferably, 6 ≦ θ2 ≦ 9.

図5に示す様に、本願発明の軸方向送り刃先交換式工具を複数段、装着した時に、第1段目の刃径D1と、軸方向に間隔をあけて配置させた第2段目の刃径D2との差が、0<(D2−D1)≦4、であることが好ましい。その理由は、加工面粗さの小さい平滑な加工面を得ることに有効だからである。例えば軸方向に第1段目、第2段目と配置した軸方向送り刃先交換式工具とした場合、第1段目のインサートで粗加工を行ない、第2段目に配置されたインサートは第1段目のインサートより少ない切込みで仕上げ加工を行なうことができる。例えば、第1段目の径D1と、軸方向に間隔Kをあけて配置させた第2段目の径D2との差、D2−D1は、0<(D2−D1)≦4の範囲が、有効である。
第2段目を設けた軸方向送り刃先交換式工具は、高送りでありながら加工面粗さを小さくすることができ、同一の工具を用いて中仕上げから最終仕上げ加工までを行なうことができる。最終仕上げ加工で要求される面粗さの程度に合わせ、各段に同じ形状のインサートをほとんど同じ姿勢で配置することや、各段に異なる形状のインサートを、個数や主切れ刃の取り付け角度を変えたりして配置することも可能である。この時、インサートの外周切れ刃は、工具の軸に対してすかし角度αを有していても良い。更に、本願発明の刃先交換式工具は、被削材の内周加工、外周加工にも用いることができる。
As shown in FIG. 5, when a plurality of stages of the axial feed blade tip replaceable tool according to the present invention are mounted , the first stage blade diameter D1 and the second stage arranged at intervals in the axial direction. The difference from the blade diameter D2 is preferably 0 <(D2-D1) ≦ 4 . The reason is that it is effective in obtaining a smooth processed surface with a small processed surface roughness. For example , in the case of an axial feed blade tip replaceable tool arranged in the first and second stages in the axial direction, rough machining is performed with the first stage insert, and the insert arranged in the second stage is Finishing can be performed with fewer cuts than the first stage insert. For example, the difference between the first-stage blade diameter D1 and the second-stage blade diameter D2 arranged with an interval K in the axial direction, D2-D1, is 0 <(D2-D1) ≦ 4. Range is valid.
The axial feed edge replaceable tool provided with the second stage can reduce the roughness of the machined surface while being high-feed, and can perform from intermediate finishing to final finishing using the same tool. . Depending on the degree of surface roughness required in final finishing, the same shape of inserts should be placed in almost the same posture on each step, and the number of inserts with different shapes on each step and the mounting angle of the main cutting edge. It is also possible to change the arrangement. At this time, the outer peripheral cutting edge of the insert may have a watermark angle α with respect to the axis of the tool. Furthermore, the cutting edge replaceable tool of the present invention can also be used for inner and outer peripheral machining of a work material.

図1は、本願発明の実施形態の1例である刃先交換式工具を示す図である。本願発明の刃先交換式工具1は、略円柱状をなした工具本体2の軸に対して先端外周周りに、30個のインサート3が着脱自在に取り付けられている。工具本体2の先端外周周りにはインサートの取り付け座4が形成され、インサート3が固定用ネジ5によって工具本体2に固定されている。インサートの固定をより確実にするため、クランプ駒やくさび(図示せず)による固定方法を併用することも可能である。インサート配置の位置決めは、工具本体1形成された取り付け座4の基準面、或いはサポータ(図示せず)と呼ばれる部品の基準面によって行ない、調節することができる。
図2〜図4に、インサート3を工具本体2に位置決めした状態を示す。図2は、インサート3の主切れ刃の切込み角がκ度をなして取り付け座4に固定用ネジ5によって工具本体1に装着されている状態を示す。また、すかし角度α度を有している。点Qに対して軸方向であって工具切削方向と反対側にありインサートのお互いに隣り合う2つの切れ刃稜線の交わる点をP2とした時、点P2と点Qとを結んだ線を線M2とする。ここで、線M2と線Nとのなす角度がαである。ここで角度αの有無は、インサートの配置仕様によって決まる。図3は、インサートの主切れ刃の半径方向すくい角度をθ1として装着されている状態を示す。図4は軸方向すくい角度をθ2として装着されている状態を示す。図6、7は、インサートの各逃げ面の略中央部に平面部を形成し、この平面部が工具本体との当接面となって位置決めされている状態を示す。これにより、インサートの拘束が強化され回転等による主切れ刃の振動を回避して、高送り加工が可能となるため、好ましい形態である。本願発明の工具について、加工信頼性の指標である切れ刃の耐欠損性と加工面粗さを評価するために、性能評価試験を行った。評価は、耐欠損性と加工面粗さを測定した。切削条件を以下に示す。また、評価結果を表1に示す。
FIG. 1 is a view showing a blade edge replaceable tool which is an example of an embodiment of the present invention. In the cutting edge replaceable tool 1 of the present invention, 30 inserts 3 are detachably attached around the outer periphery of the tip with respect to the axis of the tool body 2 having a substantially cylindrical shape. An insert mounting seat 4 is formed around the outer periphery of the tip of the tool body 2, and the insert 3 is fixed to the tool body 2 by fixing screws 5. In order to secure the fixing of the insert, a fixing method using a clamp piece or a wedge (not shown) can be used in combination. The positioning of the insert arrangement can be performed and adjusted by a reference surface of the mounting seat 4 formed with the tool body 1 or a reference surface of a part called a supporter (not shown).
2 to 4 show a state in which the insert 3 is positioned on the tool body 2. FIG. 2 shows a state in which the cutting angle of the main cutting edge of the insert 3 is κ degrees and is attached to the tool body 1 by the fixing screw 5 on the mounting seat 4. Also, it has a watermark angle α degrees. When the point where two cutting edge ridgelines that are adjacent to each other in the axial direction and opposite to the tool cutting direction intersect with respect to the point Q is P2, the line connecting the point P2 and the point Q is a line Let M2. Here, the angle formed by the line M2 and the line N is α. Here, the presence or absence of the angle α is determined by the arrangement specification of the insert. FIG. 3 shows a state where the radial rake angle of the main cutting edge of the insert is set as θ1. FIG. 4 shows a state where the rake angle in the axial direction is set to θ2. 6 and 7 show a state in which a flat portion is formed at a substantially central portion of each flank of the insert, and this flat portion is positioned as a contact surface with the tool body. Thereby, the constraint of the insert is strengthened, and vibration of the main cutting edge due to rotation or the like is avoided and high-feed machining is possible, which is a preferable mode. The tool of the present invention was subjected to a performance evaluation test in order to evaluate the chipping resistance of the cutting edge and the roughness of the machined surface, which are indices of machining reliability. In the evaluation, the fracture resistance and the roughness of the processed surface were measured. The cutting conditions are shown below. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

Figure 0004378307
Figure 0004378307

(切削条件)
工具径:φ500mm
被削材:SCM440、HRC25
工具回転数:64回転/分
切込み量:可変
1刃当り送り量:6mm/刃、但し、第1段目の切れ刃
加工方法:乾式切削
表1に示す通り、本発明例1から8の軸方向送り用の刃先交換式工具は、高送りの加工条件において、加工信頼性が高く、加工面粗さの小さい加工をすることができることを確認した。本発明例2のκが15度の場合と、比較例12のκが45度の場合とを比較すると、比較例12の切削動力は本発明例2の場合の2.8倍という高い値を示した。これにより、切れ刃の欠損の発生により短寿命となってしまい高い加工信頼性が得られなかった。比較例13の様に、κが8度の場合は、切削動力は小さくなるものの、加工時間が長くなることにより加工能率が低減するため、好ましくない。
(Cutting conditions)
Tool diameter: φ500mm
Work material: SCM440, HRC25
Tool rotation speed: 64 revolutions / minute Cutting depth: variable Feed per tooth: 6 mm / tooth, but first-stage cutting edge Processing method: dry cutting As shown in Table 1, shafts of the present invention examples 1 to 8 It was confirmed that the direction-feeding-blade-replaceable tool is capable of machining with high machining reliability and small machining surface roughness under high-feed machining conditions. When the case of κ of Example 2 is 15 degrees and the case of κ of Comparative Example 12 is 45 degrees, the cutting power of Comparative Example 12 is 2.8 times as high as that of Example 2 of the invention. Indicated. As a result, the cutting edge is broken, resulting in a short life, and high processing reliability cannot be obtained. As in Comparative Example 13, when κ is 8 degrees, the cutting power is reduced, but the machining efficiency is reduced by increasing the machining time, which is not preferable.

Figure 0004378307
Figure 0004378307

次に、図5に示す様に、第1段目と第2段目を、軸方向に間隔をあけて配置した。ここで、1段目と2段目との軸方向における間隔Kを表2に示すように25〜30mmとした。
本発明例15は、全切込み量Haを3mm、1段目、2段目の切れ刃が、切込み量H1=2mm、H2=1mmで共に粗加工用として機能するため、切削効率の向上が可能となる。本発明例16から18は、第1段目の切れ刃が高送りによる通常の粗加工を行ない、第2段目の切れ刃が仕上げ加工を行なう様に設定したものである。本発明例16は全切込み量Haを3mmとし、1段目、2段目の切込み量H1=2mm、H2=1mmで、第1段目と第2段目とのインサートを、第1段目によって加工面の凸部のピッチが決まるので、該凸部が第2段目のインサートによって除去されるように、第2段目のインサートの取り付け位置に工夫を施した。その結果、本発明例14の加工面の面粗さRy300μmから、75μmへ低減した。本発明例17は全切込み量Haを3mmとし、第1段目、第2段目の切込み量H1=2mm、H2=1mmで、第2段目のインサート数を45と、第1段目のインサート数30より増やして、1刃当りの送り量を小さくした。これにより、第1段目のインサートによる加工面の凸部を第2段目のインサートによって除去した。その結果、本発明例14の加工面の面粗さRy300μmから134μmへ低減した。本発明例18は全切込み量Haを2mmとし、第1段目、第2段目の切込み量H1=1.9mm、H2=0.1mmで、第2段目のインサート数を第1段目のインサート数よりも少なくして加工した場合を示す。また、第2段目のインサートの主切れ刃形状は、1部が直線状の切れ刃形状した領域を有し、この直線状切れ刃によって平滑面を形成するものである。この時、直線状切れ刃は、工具軸に平行か僅かに傾いた姿勢で配置した。これにより、第1段目による加工面の凸部を、直線状切れ刃で平滑に除去するのである。その結果、本発明例14の加工面の面粗さRy300μmから35μmへ低減した。第2段目のインサート数は、第1段目のインサート数よりも少なくして切削動力を増加させない様に配慮することが好ましい。上記の様に、本願発明を適用する事によって、高送りでも面粗さの小さな加工が可能となった。
Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the first stage and the second stage were arranged with an interval in the axial direction . Here, as shown in Table 2, the distance K in the axial direction between the first stage and the second stage was set to 25 to 30 mm.
In invention example 15, the total cutting depth Ha is 3 mm, and the cutting edges of the first stage and the second stage function for rough machining at the cutting amounts H1 = 2 mm and H2 = 1 mm, so that the cutting efficiency is improved. Is possible. In Examples 16 to 18 of the present invention, the first stage cutting edge is set to perform normal roughing by high feed, and the second stage cutting edge is set to finish. Inventive Example 16 is a 3mm total depth of cut Ha, first stage, second stage cutting amount H1 = 2 mm, with H2 = 1 mm, the insert between the first stage and the second stage, the first Since the pitch of the convex part of the processing surface is determined by the step, the second stage insert mounting position is devised so that the convex part is removed by the second stage insert. As a result, the surface roughness Ry of the processed surface of Example 14 of the present invention was reduced from 300 μm to 75 μm. In Example 17 of the present invention, the total cutting depth Ha is 3 mm, the cutting amounts H1 = 2 mm and H2 = 1 mm in the first and second stages, the number of inserts in the second stage is 45, and the first stage The number of inserts was increased from 30 to reduce the feed amount per blade. Thereby, the convex part of the processing surface by the first stage insert was removed by the second stage insert. As a result, the surface roughness Ry of the processed surface of Example 14 of the present invention was reduced from 300 μm to 134 μm. In Example 18 of the present invention, the total cutting depth Ha is 2 mm, the first and second cutting depths H1 = 1.9 mm, H2 = 0.1 mm, and the number of second-stage insertions is the first level. The case where the number of inserts is less than the number of inserts is shown. Further, the main cutting edge shape of the second stage insert has a region in which a part is a straight cutting edge shape, and a smooth surface is formed by the straight cutting edge. At this time, the linear cutting edge was arranged in a posture parallel or slightly inclined to the tool axis. Thereby, the convex part of the processing surface by the 1st step is removed smoothly with a linear cutting edge. As a result, the surface roughness Ry of the processed surface of Invention Example 14 was reduced from 300 μm to 35 μm. It is preferable that the number of inserts in the second stage be less than the number of inserts in the first stage so that cutting power is not increased. As described above, by applying the present invention, processing with a small surface roughness is possible even at high feed rates.

図1は、本願発明の実施形態の1例を示す刃先交換式工具。FIG. 1 is a blade-tip-exchangeable tool showing an example of an embodiment of the present invention. 図2は、図1のインサート取り付け状態を示す。FIG. 2 shows the insert attachment state of FIG. 図3は、図1のインサート取り付け状態を示す。FIG. 3 shows the insert attachment state of FIG. 図4は、図1のインサート取り付け状態を示す。FIG. 4 shows the insert attachment state of FIG. 図5は、本願発明の他の実施形態の1例を示す刃先交換式工具。FIG. 5 is a blade-tip replaceable tool showing an example of another embodiment of the present invention. 図6は、本願発明の他の実施形態のインサートを示すFIG. 6 shows an insert according to another embodiment of the present invention. 図7は、図5のインサート取り付け状態を示す。FIG. 7 shows the insert attachment state of FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1:刃先交換式工具
2:工具本体
3:インサート
4:インサートの取り付け座
5:固定用ネジ
6:インサートの主切れ刃
7:平坦部
κ:主切れ刃の切込み角
α:すかし角
P1:インサート3の互いに隣り合う切れ刃稜線の交わる点
P2:インサート3の互いに隣り合う切れ刃稜線の交わる点
Q:最外周点
M1:点P1と点Qとを結んだ線
M2:点P2と点Qとを結んだ線
N:点Qを通り軸と平行な線
θ1:半径方向すくい角
θ2:軸方向すくい角
D1:刃先交換式工具の第1段目の
D2:刃先交換式工具の第2段目の
Hd:切込み量
Ha:全切込み量
H1:第1段目の切込み量
H2:第2段目の切込み量
1: Cutting edge replaceable tool 2: Tool body 3: Insert 4: Insert mounting seat 5: Fixing screw 6: Main cutting edge of insert 7: Flat portion κ: Cutting angle of main cutting edge α: Marking angle P1: Point where the adjacent cutting edge ridgelines of the insert 3 intersect P2: Point where the adjacent cutting edge ridgelines of the insert 3 intersect Q: Outermost peripheral point M1: Line connecting the point P1 and the point Q M2: Point P2 and the point Q N: Line passing through point Q and parallel to the axis θ1: Radial rake angle θ2: Axial rake angle D1: Blade diameter of the first stage of the blade- tip replaceable tool D2: First of the blade- tip replaceable tool Second stage blade diameter Hd: Cutting depth
Ha: Total depth of cut
H1: First stage depth of cut
H2: Cutting depth of the second stage

Claims (6)

インサートが着脱自在な刃先交換式工具において、該インサートは、すくい面側から見た形状が略4角形状を呈し、各辺は外側に略凸円弧状であり、該インサートを刃先交換式工具として取り付けた時、該凸円弧状の稜線が外周刃をなし、該外周刃が主切れ刃となって、該主切れ刃の切込み角度をκ度とした時に、該κを、該刃先交換式工具の最外周点Qとインサートの互いに隣り合う主切れ刃の交わる点P1とを結ぶ線分M1の工具回転軸に対する角度で、10≦κ≦30とし、該刃先交換式工具を用いた加工面の粗さが、Ryで、300〜1000μmであることを特徴とする軸方向送り刃先交換式工具。 In the insertable tool with a removable insert, the insert has a substantially quadrangular shape when viewed from the rake face side, and each side has a substantially convex arc shape on the outside, and the insert is used as an insertable tool. when mounted, the substantially convex arcuate ridge forms the peripheral cutting edge, so that the outer peripheral edge and the main cutting edge, the cut angle of the main cutting edge when the kappa of, the kappa, the blade destination replaceable The angle of the line segment M1 connecting the outermost peripheral point Q of the tool and the point P1 where the adjacent main cutting edges of the insert intersect with respect to the tool rotation axis, 10 ≦ κ ≦ 30, and the machining surface using the cutting edge replaceable tool The axial feed blade tip replaceable tool is characterized by having a roughness of Ry of 300 to 1000 μm . インサートが着脱自在な刃先交換式工具において、該インサートは、すくい面側から見た形状が略3角形状を呈し、各辺は外側に凸円弧状であり、該インサートを刃先交換式工具として取り付けた時、該凸円弧状の稜線が外周刃をなし、該外周刃が主切れ刃となって、該主切れ刃の切込み角度をκ度とした時に、該κを、該刃先交換式工具の最外周点Qとインサートの互いに隣り合う主切れ刃の交わる点P1とを結ぶ線分M1の工具回転軸に対する角度で、10≦κ≦30とし、該刃先交換式工具を用いた加工面の粗さが、Ryで、300〜1000μmであることを特徴とする軸方向送り刃先交換式工具。 In insertable tools with removable inserts, the inserts have a substantially triangular shape when viewed from the rake face side, and each side has a convex arc shape on the outside, and the insert is attached as a replaceable tool and when, the substantially convex arcuate ridge forms the peripheral cutting edge, the outer peripheral blade becomes main cutting, the cut angle of the main cutting edge when the kappa of, the kappa, the blade destination interchangeable tool The angle of the segment M1 connecting the outermost peripheral point Q of the insert and the point P1 where the adjacent main cutting edges of the insert intersect with each other is 10 ≦ κ ≦ 30 . Roughness is 300-1000 micrometers in Ry, The axial direction feed-blade replaceable tool characterized by the above-mentioned. 請求項1又は2記載の軸方向送り刃先交換式工具において、該主切れ刃の円弧半径をR(mm)とした時、10≦R≦20であることを特徴とする軸方向送り刃先交換式回転工具。 3. The axial feed blade tip replaceable tool according to claim 1, wherein when the arc radius of the main cutting edge is R (mm), 10 ≦ R ≦ 20. Rotary tool. 請求項1乃至3いずれかに記載の軸方向送り刃先交換式工具において、該主切れ刃の半径方向すくい角度をθ1度とした時、−10≦θ1≦0であることを特徴とする軸方向送り刃先交換式工具。 In axial advance indexable tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, axially, characterized in that when the radial rake angle of the main cutting edge and .theta.1 degrees, -10 ≦ θ1 ≦ 0 Feed blade tip changeable tool. 請求項1乃至4いずれかに記載の軸方向送り刃先交換式工具において、該主切れ刃の軸方向すくい角度をθ2度とした時、5≦θ2≦10であることを特徴とする軸方向送り刃先交換式工具。 In axial advance indexable tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, when the axial rake angle of the main cutting edge and .theta.2 degrees, axial advance, which is a 5 ≦ θ2 ≦ 10 Replaceable blade tool. 請求項1乃至5いずれかに記載の軸方向送り刃先交換式工具において、該軸方向送り刃先交換式工具を第1段目に設け、更に、軸方向に間隔をあけて第2段目を配置させた軸方向送り刃先交換式工具であって、該第1段目の刃径D1と、該第2段目の刃径D2との差が、0<(D2−D1)≦4、であり、該第2段目のインサートは、すくい面側から見た形状が略4角形状又は略3角形状を呈し、各辺は外側に略凸円弧状又は直線状であり、該第2段目に該インサートを取り付けた時、該外側に略凸円弧状又は直線状の稜線が外周刃をなし、該外周刃が主切れ刃となり、該2段目の軸方向送り刃先交換式工具を用いた加工面の粗さが、Ryで、35〜300μmであることを特徴とする軸方向送り刃先交換式工具。 The axial feed blade tip replaceable tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the axial feed blade tip replaceable tool is provided in a first stage, and further, a second stage is arranged with an interval in the axial direction. An axially-feeding-blade-replaceable tool, wherein the difference between the first stage blade diameter D1 and the second stage blade diameter D2 is 0 <(D2-D1) ≦ 4. The second-stage insert has a substantially quadrangular shape or a substantially triangular shape as viewed from the rake face side, and each side has a substantially convex arc shape or a straight line shape on the outer side. When the insert is attached, a substantially convex arc-shaped or linear ridge line on the outer side forms an outer peripheral blade, the outer peripheral blade becomes a main cutting edge, and the second-stage axial feed edge replaceable tool is used. An axially-feeding-blade-replaceable tool characterized in that the roughness of the machined surface is 35 to 300 μm in Ry .
JP2005083059A 2005-03-23 2005-03-23 Axial feed edge replaceable tool Expired - Fee Related JP4378307B2 (en)

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