JP4378217B2 - Surveying equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a surveying device that determines the center position of an internal space in a structure such as a tunnel.

  When excavating a tunnel by the shield method, it is necessary to excavate the tunnel while propelling the shield machine along the planned line. As a method of confirming whether the shield machine is propelling along the planned line, for example, a laser beam oscillation device is installed in the tunnel behind the shield machine, and the laser beam is received at the center of the shield machine. There is a method to obtain the displacement of the shield machine from the distance between the laser light oscillation device and the target, and the distance between the target laser light and the center point of the target by attaching the target and irradiating the target with laser light. (See Patent Document 1).

  To attach the target to the center of the shield machine, the center position of the shield tunnel must be determined accurately. Conventionally, the center staff described below has been used to determine the center position of the shield tunnel.

As shown in FIG. 4, the center staff 3 is a bar-shaped member with a scale, and a horizontal bubble tube 4 is provided. While the both ends of the center staff 3 are brought into contact with the segments on both sides of the shield tunnel 2, the center staff 3 is kept horizontal, and the center position of the scale attached to the center staff 3 is read to determine the center position of the shield tunnel 2. I was asking.
Japanese Patent No. 2622641

  However, in a large-diameter tunnel, it is difficult to ensure the horizontal accuracy of the center staff during installation because the gradient of the segments that support both ends of the center staff is small.

  Moreover, since the material conveyance apparatus which supplies a segment etc. exists in the lower part in the center position near the face of a shield tunnel, you have to arrange | position said center staff horizontally above a material conveyance apparatus. For this reason, it is necessary for the center staff to be long, but it is difficult to handle the long center staff in a narrow tunnel.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a surveying apparatus that can easily measure the center position of the internal space of a structure such as a tunnel where obstacles exist.

In order to solve the above problems, the invention described in claim 1 is a surveying instrument 1 for obtaining the center position of the internal space in a structure, and as shown in FIGS. A scale display provided with a pair of laser distance measuring devices 60 that oscillate and a center display (center step 54) that is movably provided in any direction in which the laser light is oscillated and displays the center position. A plate (slide scale 50), the distance from the pair of laser distance measuring devices 60 to the wall surface of the structure 2 is measured, and the center display is displayed from the center position of the pair of laser distance measuring devices. , the measured distance L1, the longer direction of L2, and wherein the Rukoto allowed displacement amount of 1/2 of the distance difference ([delta]) moves the measurement.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, a pair of laser distance measuring devices 60 that oscillate laser beams in directions opposite to each other, and a center position that is movably provided in any direction in which the laser beams are oscillated. A surveying instrument 1 having a scale display plate (slide scale 50) to be displayed is installed at a substantially central position in the internal space of the structure, and the distance from the pair of laser distance measuring devices 60 to the left and right side walls is measured. The distance L1 from the laser distance measuring device 60 to the left side wall and the distance L2 from the right laser distance measuring device 60 to the right side wall are obtained, and the scale display plate (slide scale 50) for displaying the center position is displaced. By moving to the left side wall by δ = (L1−L2) / 2, the center position of the internal space in the structure can be obtained. Moreover, since the surveying instrument 1 can be miniaturized to the length of the laser distance measuring device 60 and the scale display plate (slide scale 50), even if there is an obstacle in the structure, it is easily installed and surveyed. be able to.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the surveying device 1 according to claim 1, further comprising a support leg 10 that arranges the laser distance measuring device 60 at a predetermined height position from the position where the device is disposed. It is characterized by.

  Here, the predetermined height is a height higher than the height when there is an obstacle that hinders distance measurement by the laser distance measuring device 60 such as a material transport device in a tunnel.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the laser distance measuring device 60 is provided with the support leg 10 that is disposed at a predetermined height position from the position where the device is disposed, the distance measurement by the laser distance measuring device 60 is obstructed. Even in a structure having an obstacle, the center position of the internal space can be obtained using the space above the obstacle.

  Invention of Claim 3 is the surveying instrument 1 of Claim 1 or 2, Comprising: The horizontal stand 20 which supports the said laser ranging device 60 and the said scale display board (slide scale 50) horizontally is provided. It is characterized by that.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the horizontal platform 20 that horizontally supports the laser distance measuring device 60 and the scale display plate (slide scale 50) is provided, in a structure having a curvature at the place where the device is installed. In addition, the laser distance measuring device 60 and the scale display plate (slide scale 50) can be arranged horizontally without being affected by the curvature of the installation location, and the center position of the internal space can be obtained.

  Invention of Claim 4 is the surveying instrument 1 as described in any one of Claims 1-3, Comprising: The said laser ranging apparatus 60 and the said scale display board (slide scale 50) are rotated to a horizontal direction. It comprises a turntable 30 that is movably supported.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the rotary table 30 that rotatably supports the laser distance measuring device 60 and the scale display plate (slide scale 50) in the horizontal direction is provided, the shape of the internal space of the structure is obtained. In addition, the direction in which the laser beam is oscillated and the direction in which the scale display plate (slide scale 50) is moved can be arbitrarily changed.

  According to the present invention, a pair of laser distance measuring devices that oscillate laser beams in directions opposite to each other, and a scale display plate that is movably provided in any direction in which the laser beams are oscillated and displays a center position. Is installed at the approximate center position of the internal space of the structure, the distance from the pair of laser distance measuring devices to the left and right side walls is measured, and the distance L1 from the left laser distance measuring device to the left side wall is The distance L2 from the right laser distance measuring device to the right side wall is obtained, and the scale display plate for displaying the center position is moved to the left side wall by a displacement amount δ = (L1−L2) / 2. The center position of the internal space can be obtained in the object. In addition, since the surveying device can be downsized to the length of the laser distance measuring device and the scale display plate, even if there is an obstacle in the structure, it can be easily installed and surveyed.

  In addition, since the laser ranging device is provided with support legs that are arranged at a predetermined height from the position where the device is arranged, even in structures where there are obstacles that hinder ranging by the laser ranging device. The center position of the internal space can be obtained using the space above the object.

  In addition, since it has a horizontal platform that horizontally supports the laser distance measuring device and the scale display plate, the laser distance measuring device is not affected by the curvature of the installation location even in a structure having a curvature at the location where the device is installed. And the scale display board can be horizontally arranged to determine the center position of the internal space.

  In addition, since it has a turntable that supports the laser distance measuring device and the scale display plate so as to be rotatable in the horizontal direction, the direction of oscillating the laser beam and the direction of moving the scale display plate according to the shape of the internal space of the structure Can be changed arbitrarily.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the surveying apparatus 1 of the present invention includes a support leg 10, a horizontal base 20 supported on the upper part of the support leg 10, and a turntable 30 supported on the upper part of the horizontal base 20. The main body 40 is supported by the upper part of the turntable 30.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the support leg 10 includes a base portion 11 and three leg portions 12 extending downward from the base portion 11. A horizontal base 20 is supported on the upper portion of the base 11, and the horizontal base 20 is disposed at a predetermined height from the lower end of the support leg 10 by the legs 12. Here, the predetermined height is a height higher than the height of an obstacle that hinders surveying, such as a material transport device in the tunnel 2. The three legs 12 can support the horizontal base 20, the rotary base 30, and the main body 40 stably even in a place where there is unevenness in the lower part.

  Three adjustment screws 13 are provided on the upper portion of the base 11. As shown in FIG. 2, the adjustment screw 13 supports the horizontal base 20 at three points, and the inclination of the horizontal base 20 can be adjusted by adjusting the adjustment screw 13.

  A circular bubble tube (not shown) is provided on the upper part of the horizontal table 20 and can be used to adjust the inclination of the horizontal table 20 horizontally. The horizontal base 20 supports the rotary base 30 and the main body 40 horizontally. As the support leg 10 and the horizontal base 20, for example, a tripod or the like that can extend and contract the leg portion 12 can be used.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the turntable 30 includes an inner disk 31 provided integrally with the horizontal table 20 and an outer cylinder 32 that supports the main body 40. The inner disk 31 is fixed horizontally on the upper surface of the horizontal table 20. The outer cylinder 32 has a diameter larger than that of the inner disk 31, and a recess 33 having the same inner diameter as the inner disk 31 and the same depth as the inner disk 31 is provided at the lower part. An inner disk 31 is fitted in the recess 33, and the outer cylinder 32 is rotatable with respect to the inner disk 31 in the circumferential direction. The outer cylinder 32 is provided with a fixing screw 34 on the outer periphery of the recess 33. The fixing screw 34 fixes the outer cylinder 32 to the inner disk 31.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the main body 40 includes a fixed plate 41, a base 42, a slide scale 50, and a pair of laser distance measuring devices 60. The outer cylinder 32 is fixed to the lower surface of the fixing plate 41 with screws or the like. A base 42 is fixed to the upper surface of the fixing plate 41.

  The base 42 includes a rectangular horizontal plate portion 43 and a pair of vertical plate portions 44 a and 44 b that protrude vertically upward from both ends in the lateral direction of the horizontal plate portion 43. The horizontal flat plate portion 43 is fixed to the upper portion of the fixed plate 41. The height of the pair of vertical plate portions 44a and 44b is different. A slide scale 50 is attached to the outer surface of the higher vertical plate portion 44a.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the slide scale 50 includes a lower fixing portion 51, an upper fixing portion 52, and a slide portion 53. The lower fixing portion 51 and the upper fixing portion 52 are fixed to the outer surface of the higher vertical plate portion 44a with an interval in the vertical direction.

  The lower fixing portion 51 and the upper fixing portion 52 are band plates having a lower height than the higher vertical plate portion 44a. At the upper end of the lower fixing portion 51, a groove 51a is formed along the higher vertical plate portion 44a. A groove 52b is also formed at the lower end of the upper fixing portion 52 along the higher vertical plate portion 44a.

  The slide part 53 is provided between the lower fixing part 51 and the upper fixing part 52. The slide part 53 is formed of the same band plate as the lower fixing part 51 and the upper fixing part 52. At the upper end and the lower end of the slide portion 53, a protrusion 53a that engages with the groove 51a of the lower fixing portion 51 and a protrusion 53b that engages with the groove 52b of the upper fixing portion 52 are provided. The slide part 53 can be moved in the horizontal direction along the lower fixing part 51 and the upper fixing part 52.

  The slide portion 53 is provided with a center notch 54 that determines the center position of the tunnel 2. Moreover, the scale which shows the displacement with respect to the upper side fixing | fixed part 52 of the slide part 53 is provided in the upper side fixing | fixed part 52 as needed.

  The height from the upper surface of the horizontal plate portion 43 to the upper end of the lower vertical plate portion 44 b is substantially equal to the height of the laser distance measuring device 60. The distance between the pair of vertical plate portions 44 a and 44 b is substantially equal to the width of the laser distance measuring device 60 in the short direction. The laser distance measuring device 60 is fixed between the upper portion of the horizontal plate portion 43 and the pair of vertical plate portions 44a and 44b.

  The laser distance measuring device 60 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and an operation panel 61 is provided on the upper surface. A laser oscillation unit 62 is provided on the side surface of the end portion in the longitudinal direction of the laser distance measuring device 60. In the laser distance measuring device 60, the surface on which the laser oscillating unit 62 is provided is perpendicular to the vertical plate portions 44a and 44b, and the laser oscillating unit 62 is directed in the opposite direction so that the laser light is oscillated outwardly. Arranged. The laser distance measuring device 60 oscillates the laser beam toward the side, receives the laser beam reflected by the side wall, and accurately measures the distance by reciprocating the light.

  Further, in order to confirm whether the slide scale 50 and the laser distance measuring device 60 are arranged horizontally, the horizontal bubble tube 45 is provided on the upper surface of the fixed plate 41 at a portion outside the lower vertical plate portion 44b. Is provided.

  Next, a method for determining the center position of the tunnel 2 using the surveying apparatus 1 will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 1, the surveying instrument 1 is set up at a substantially central position of the tunnel 2. At this time, the height of the support leg 10 is adjusted so that the height of the laser light oscillation unit is higher than the obstacle such as the material transporting device.

  Next, the horizontal base 20 is adjusted horizontally, the rotary base 30 is rotated, the slide scale 50 is directed rearward with respect to the traveling direction of the tunnel 2, and the laser beam is perpendicular to the traveling direction of the tunnel 2. Then, it is adjusted so as to be oscillated and fixed with a fixing screw 34. Finally, it is confirmed by the horizontal bubble tube 45 whether the slide scale 50 and the laser distance measuring device 60 are arranged horizontally. At this time, the center step 54 of the slide portion 53 of the slide scale 50 and the scale of the upper fixing portion 52 are matched at the center portion.

  When installation of the surveying instrument 1 is completed as described above, measurement is started. First, lasers are oscillated from the two laser distance measuring devices 60 toward the left and right sides of the tunnel 2 to measure the distance between the laser distance measuring device 60 and the left and right side walls. Next, the center portion of the tunnel 2 is determined by moving the slide portion 53 of the slide scale 50 left and right.

  At this time, the displacement amount δ of the slide portion 53 is set such that the distance from the left laser distance measuring device 60 to the left side wall of the tunnel 2 is L1, and the distance from the right laser distance measuring device 60 to the right side wall of the tunnel 2 is L2. Then, δ = (L1−L2) / 2. When L1> L2, the slide part 53 is moved to the left side, and when L1 <L2, the slide part 53 is moved to the right side. The center position of the tunnel 2 can be determined by the center step 54 of the slide part 53 after the movement.

  The slide portion 53 may be manually moved, but the slide portion 53 may be provided with a drive mechanism such as a motor. At the same time, an arithmetic unit that calculates the displacement δ of the slide portion 53 from the distances L1 and L2 to the left and right side walls measured by the laser distance measuring device 60 and drives the drive mechanism in accordance therewith may be provided. Of course, other specific detailed structures can be changed as appropriate.

It is an elevation view which shows the surveying apparatus of this invention arrange | positioned in the internal space of a structure. It is a figure which shows the principal part of the surveying instrument of FIG. 1, (a) is a top view, (b) is a rear view, (c) is a front view, (d) is a side view. (A) is a top view which shows the turntable used for the surveying apparatus of FIG. 1, (b) is a vertical sectional view which shows the turntable used for the surveying apparatus of FIG. It is an elevational view showing a conventional surveying device for obtaining the center position of the internal space of a structure.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Surveying device 10 Support leg 20 Horizontal stand 30 Rotating stand 50 Slide scale 60 Laser ranging device

Claims (4)

A surveying device for determining the center position of an internal space within a structure, and a pair of laser distance measuring devices that oscillate laser beams in opposite directions, and freely movable in any direction in which the laser beams are oscillated. A scale display board provided with a center display for displaying the center position provided ,
Measure the distance from the pair of laser ranging devices to the wall of the structure,
A surveying device that moves the center display from a center position of the pair of laser distance measuring devices in a direction in which the measured distance is longer by a half of the measured distance difference. .   The surveying apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a support leg that positions the laser distance measuring device at a predetermined height position from a position where the apparatus is disposed.   The surveying device according to claim 1, further comprising a horizontal base that horizontally supports the laser distance measuring device and the scale display board.   The surveying apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a turntable that rotatably supports the laser distance measuring device and the scale display plate in a horizontal direction.

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