JP4374477B2 - Reinforced structure with cloth-like fiber sheet for structural cracks, crack reinforcement, etc. - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention provides a reinforcing structure using a fiber sheet knitted in an oblique cross shape to reinforce and prevent cracks due to drying, temperature change and deterioration of members, and structural cracks due to stress, and to join and reinforce member surfaces. To do.

Sheet-like reinforcements made from aramid, carbon, glass, etc., which are fiber materials with high tensile strength that have been used in the past, are often used for seismic reinforcement of large public buildings, etc. These fiber sheets It is a reinforcing material that has been recognized for its reinforcement work.
In the conventional sheet-like fiber, one direction (longitudinal direction) fiber or two directions (longitudinal and transverse direction) fibers are mainstream with respect to the longitudinal direction of the sheet. There are no examples used.
(For example, refer to the following document)
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-253891 Name “Repair Method of Concrete Structure”

  In the case of construction methods such as relatively small wooden frames, lightweight steel frames, wood, steel plates, and concrete panels, the external force (earthquake and wind pressure) acting on the building is affected by the difference in the structure of the building. The transmission method is different. Due to differences in construction method and structure, external force is transmitted in a complex direction through the building components that make up the building structure, and the building members are physically destroyed by the direction and magnitude of the stress generated in the building members. In the conventional method for reinforcing a unidirectional fiber or a bi-directional fiber sheet, there are not many methods and means for easily dealing with building members of all construction methods.

  When building members are reinforced with conventional fiber sheets and adhesives, they are effective for horizontal or vertical loads, but effective for diagonal resultant or reaction forces due to horizontal forces such as earthquakes applied to buildings. However, the structure of the construction method creates a complicated flow of power.

  For example, when jointing the end of a load bearing wall by bracing with a wooden frame construction method using hardware or nails, when a horizontal force P such as an earthquake is applied to the building, the horizontal force P is applied repeatedly to the left and right. The direction changes, compressive or tensile force acts on the braces, and the pillars and horizontal members of the load bearing wall receive this compressive and tensile force in the diagonal direction left and right, causing cracks in the joint hardware reinforcements of the wooden members, Furthermore, there is a risk that the building will collapse due to split fracture or bracing coming off the hardware. Even if the conventional fiber sheet is used to join and reinforce the column and the horizontal member, the tensile force is slightly oblique to the vertical direction caused by the rotation of the bearing wall, so the fiber direction of the fiber sheet is vertical and horizontal. The original 100% yield strength effect that is difficult to cope with oblique stress cannot be obtained, and the fiber sheet tends to break or peel off.

Cracks in all members including buildings (cracks caused by shrinkage and expansion of members due to drying and temperature changes, cracks due to aging) and structural cracks (when stress is applied to a member, the allowable deformation of the member is exceeded. The conventional method for reinforcing cracks) is to cut the cracks in a V shape, inject epoxy resin into the expanded cracks, and then use one or two-way fiber sheet and adhesive to reinforce the bond. However, it cannot follow the direction and magnitude of the complex stress generated in the crack, and further expansion of the crack width and extension of the crack cannot be stopped, and there is no way to effectively prevent these cracks. It was.
In buildings, there are many cases in which the water resistance, heat insulation and airtightness of the building are impaired due to the fine movement caused by the ground or wind.
Furthermore, even when a planar exterior member is used for a framework, such as a container box, a vehicle, a ship, an airplane, etc., there are similar problems due to the above-mentioned cracks and structural cracks at the fastening portion of the framework and the planar exterior member. .

In view of the above, the present invention intends to provide the following.
A. A reinforcing structure capable of effectively reinforcing cracks and structural cracks caused by drying of a member using a fiber reinforcing material knitted in an oblique cross shape with respect to the longitudinal direction of the sheet.
B. A reinforcing structure capable of effectively preventing cracks and structural cracks due to drying of a member using a fiber reinforcing material knitted in an oblique cross shape with respect to the longitudinal direction of the sheet.
C. In a sheet-like fiber reinforcement, when using a fiber reinforcement knitted in an oblique cross shape with respect to the longitudinal direction of the sheet, and assembling polyhedrons and spheres, the joints between the member surfaces are effectively along the longitudinal direction. Reinforced structure that can be joined and reinforced.
D. In sheet-like fiber reinforcements, knitting with various angles centered on a cross of ± 45 ° with the longitudinal direction of the sheet as the axis is used as the applicable location to reinforce cracks and structural cracks due to drying of members, etc. A reinforcement structure that can effectively prevent and bond and reinforce the surfaces of members.

The sheet-like fiber reinforcing material according to claim 1, wherein a fiber reinforcing material knitted in an oblique cross shape with respect to the longitudinal direction of the sheet is used to reinforce cracks and structural cracks caused by drying of members of a wooden building. The reinforcing structure is characterized by using a fiber reinforcing material and an adhesive knitted in an oblique cross shape, and reinforcing the adhesive along the longitudinal direction across the crack.

3. The sheet-like fiber reinforcement according to claim 2, wherein a fiber reinforcement knitted in an oblique cross shape with respect to the longitudinal direction of the sheet is used to prevent cracks and structural cracks due to drying of members of a wooden building. This is a reinforcing structure characterized by using a fiber reinforcing material and an adhesive knitted in an oblique cross shape to prevent cracks at places where cracks are likely to occur, and also where the joint strength between members of a wooden building is weak Adhesive reinforcement as a reinforcement.

The sheet-like fiber reinforcing material according to claim 3, wherein a fiber reinforcing material knitted in a diagonal cross shape with respect to the longitudinal direction of the sheet is used, and cracks are generated in a cracked portion and a predicted portion of a foundation that is a member of a wooden building. For prevention and reinforcement, adhesive reinforcement is performed along the longitudinal direction across the crack.

5. The sheet-like fiber reinforcing material according to claim 4, wherein knitting methods of various angles centered on an oblique cross shape of ± 45 ° with the longitudinal direction of the sheet as an axis are used as adaptation points of a wooden building. Reinforcement and prevention of cracks and structural cracks caused by drying of building components, etc., and further joining wooden building components , which are knitted into diagonal crosses with different angles in the fiber direction The fiber sheet which changed the angle of the cross fiber direction suitable for the direction of the stress which the member of a wooden building receives using the fiber reinforcement material and the adhesive agent is selected, and adhesion joining and adhesion reinforcement are carried out. Reinforcement structure.

  The present invention intends to solve the problems pointed out in the above-mentioned section “Problems to be Solved by the Invention”.

  Embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples, and it is needless to say that the present reinforcing structure can be appropriately selected and used for a member of another application other than these examples, for example.

  The material of the fiber reinforcement knitted in an oblique cross shape with respect to the longitudinal direction is aramid fiber, carbon fiber, glass fiber, acrylic fiber, nylon fiber, vinylon fiber, etc., knitted by combining these, and metal It is more effective to use a knitted fabric obtained by further adding a system fiber or the like to these fibers. Moreover, it is also possible to use a sheet-like material made of a prepreg in which a fiber reinforcing material knitted in an oblique cross shape is impregnated in advance with a synthetic resin or the like.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a reinforcing structure according to claim 1 of a wooden beam 2 in which a crack 1 is generated due to cracks caused by drying. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the portion, in which a crack 1 formed in a diagonal cross shape with respect to the longitudinal direction is cracked in a crack 1 generated substantially horizontally in the wood fiber direction. It is reinforced with an adhesive along the longitudinal direction of the crack. When the crack width is large, it goes without saying that the adhesive is injected into the crack first. Further, FIG. 3 shows a front view of the oblique cloth fiber sheet A, and the fiber direction A1 in this case is oblique ± 45 °.
The reinforcing structure in this case will be described with reference to FIG. 2. A thick arrow indicates the magnitude and direction of the stress 11 generated in the crack portion, and this stress 11 is substantially oblique to the thin arrow in the fiber direction A1 of the oblique cross fiber sheet A. The ideal oblique cross fiber sheet A can bear the component force 12 smaller than the stress 11 in both directions of ± 45 °. This reinforcement structure enables shear reinforcement to prevent the crack width from expanding, and at the same time, bending reinforcement to prevent the extension of cracks is possible, so that oblique fibers are effective against vertical loads on the beam. work.
In the conventional reinforcement with a unidirectional fiber sheet, a fiber sheet is attached in the longitudinal direction along the substantially horizontal crack 1, the reinforcement against the bending stress of the crack extension due to a vertical load such as a load load, and the substantially vertical direction of the crack 1. Several fiber sheets longer than the crack length are pasted on the plate to reinforce the shear stress due to the crack width expansion. However, since several fiber sheets are overlapped and pasted, a large number of sheets and an adhesive are required, construction takes time, and the appearance is not good.
According to this reinforcement structure, since reinforcement can be completed by one construction, labor and material cost are reduced, and cost reduction and construction period are shortened.
Furthermore, it is needless to say that the reinforcement strength can be enhanced by using the conventional unidirectional fiber sheet in combination with the diagonal cloth fiber sheet A.
Here, a reinforcing structure with a wooden beam is described, but it goes without saying that it can also be applied to structural cracks such as beams in reinforced concrete and steel reinforced concrete buildings.

  Here, the force flow when reinforcing the end of a load-bearing wall using bracing of a wooden frame building is reinforced with hardware or nails will be described as an example. Horizontal force P such as earthquake is applied to the frame shown in FIG. Is applied from the left side, this force generates a compressive force P1 at the brace attached to the applied side stigma. In this case, a pulling force (pull-out force) P2y works at the applied side column base. However, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the tensile force generated on the column is not the vertical direction P <b> 2 y because the column base is actually pin-joined, but a tensile force P <b> 3 slightly oblique to the vertical generated by the rotation of the bearing wall. . Furthermore, the horizontal force P is repeatedly applied to the left and right due to an earthquake, etc., and the tensile force P3 generated by the rotation of the load bearing wall acts in both the left and right diagonal directions at the end of the load bearing wall. There is a risk that the building will be destroyed by split 1 of the fixed horizontal member or breakage / disconnection of the brace.

7 and 8 show an oblique cross fiber sheet A corresponding to a tensile force P3 slightly oblique from the vertical generated by the rotation of the bearing wall. In this case, the fiber direction A2 is knitted in a cross shape with an angle smaller than ± 45 °. 9 is a reinforcing structure for preventing the horizontal member from cracking and joining the members by using the oblique cloth fiber sheet A shown in the front view of FIG.
With this reinforcing structure, the original 100% proof stress that is difficult to cope with the oblique stress, which is a problem with the conventional fiber sheet, cannot be obtained, and the fiber sheet is easily broken or peeled off.
Furthermore, it is a matter of course that the joint strength between the column and the horizontal member can be enhanced by overlapping with the diagonal cloth fiber sheet A in combination with the conventional unidirectional fiber sheet.
Here, the column-to-horizontal joint is described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and of course, it can be used for stress generated obliquely at the joint of any member. .

FIG. 10 is an overall view showing reinforcement and prevention of the crack 1 of the foundation 3 which is one of the members of the building, FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of the underfloor vent 31 portion of the foundation, and FIG. 12 is a pile on soft ground. It is a figure which shows the bending moment 34 of the pile foundation at the time of using 33. FIG. In the case of FIG. 12, the crack 1 is likely to be generated obliquely downward from the upper end of the foundation corner or the portion where the foundations intersect, and further, the crack 1 is likely to be generated upward from the central lower end between the piles 33.
Although not shown in the figure, cracks 1 occur due to stress concentration at corners of the foundations of non-reinforcing bars, parts where the foundations intersect, and parts that are structural weak points such as around the underfloor vents due to ground subsidence or earthquakes. To do. In order to prevent this structural crack and to reinforce the structural weakness of the foundation, the reinforcement is bonded and reinforced with the diagonal cloth fiber sheet A and an adhesive from the upper end of the foundation to the entire circumference in the lower longitudinal direction. Alternatively, partial foundation reinforcement and crack prevention are also effective in a substantially horizontal L-shape with only corner portions. Further, the reinforcing material is bonded and reinforced with the diagonal cloth fiber sheet A and an adhesive around the entire circumference in the longitudinal direction below the ground surface Gl. Or it is effective also for the partial horizontal reinforcement of the center lower end part between cracks 33, and the prevention of a crack substantially horizontal L-shape only in a corner part.
As the foundation reinforcement and crack prevention methods around the underfloor ventilation port 31, the bottom reinforcement of the underfloor ventilation port 31 shown in FIG. 10 is basically horizontal reinforcement, the bottom and both sides are substantially vertical reinforcement and crack prevention, and both lower ends shown in FIG. It is possible to consider basic reinforcement and crack prevention in a substantially oblique ± 45 ° direction. The reinforcing structure shown in FIG. 11 is also suitable for reinforcing a crack in a direction of approximately ± 45 ° obliquely along the crack longitudinal direction when a crack has already occurred. After applying these reinforcing structures, sand or the like can be topped before the adhesive hardens, and the adhesion between the adhesive and the finish can be improved to facilitate the finishing of the basic mortar 32 and the like.
Furthermore, it is needless to say that the reinforcement strength can be enhanced by using the conventional unidirectional fiber sheet in combination with the diagonal cloth fiber sheet A.
In the figure, foundation reinforcement and crack prevention are performed from the outer periphery of the foundation, but it goes without saying that reinforcement and prevention from the inside of the foundation can be performed.
These reinforcement structures are effective for reinforcement in pile foundations, reinforced concrete foundations and unreinforced concrete foundations, and of course can be applied to existing foundations and new foundations.

FIG. 13 shows an example in which an oblique cross fiber sheet A is applied in a substantially horizontal direction to a joint part such as a foundation 3 and a wall of a building 4, a first floor wall and a second floor wall, a second floor wall, and a wife wall portion, In order to further enhance the surface rigidity of the surface material such as the structural plywood, and the example in which the diagonal cross fiber sheet A is applied to the corner part of the wall, the both ends of the wall opening 41 in a substantially vertical direction, etc. The example which gave the diagonal cross fiber sheet | seat A to X shape and the example which gave the diagonal cross fiber sheet | seat A to the four corners of the opening 41 of the roof in the front L-shape are shown. In this case, the opening 41 of the roof is illustrated, but it goes without saying that the cross cloth fiber sheet A can be applied to the opening of the floor inside the building in the same manner as the front L-shape at the four corners of the opening. .
In recent years, many methods of increasing the surface rigidity of floors, walls, and roofs using structural plywood, etc., have been carried out in the wooden frame construction method as in the two-by method and the panel method.
By applying the diagonal cross fiber sheet A to the joints between the surfaces in these methods with increased surface rigidity, it is possible to transmit complex forces in all methods and structures and in all directions of stress generated in the members. It is possible to easily cope with the reinforcing structure against the physical destruction of the building member.
Furthermore, it is needless to say that the joint / reinforcement strength can be enhanced by using the conventional unidirectional fiber sheet in combination with the diagonal cloth fiber sheet A.
In addition, in buildings, the fine movement due to ground, wind, etc. impairs the waterproof performance of the building and surface peeling often occurs. By using this reinforcement structure, the waterproof layer and the heat insulation / airtight layer break. Prevents peeling and prevents the building from maintaining its initial performance.

FIG. 14 shows an embodiment of a cube in a polyhedron, and the joining and reinforcement of the face members are performed in the longitudinal direction across the joining portion 51 of the cube 5 constituted by the respective faces by the oblique cross fiber sheet A and the adhesive. However, it can be easily constructed like a packing tape.
FIG. 15 shows joining and reinforcement of a surface member obtained by applying an oblique cross fiber sheet A to the joint 61 of the curved body of the dome 6 that is a sphere.
Using these reinforcement structures, when assembling a panel made of floors, walls, roofs, etc., such as mini-houses, it is easy to assemble, join and reinforce by joining and reinforcing diagonal cloth fiber sheet A and adhesive. it can. In addition, when fastening exterior surface members that require strength to the framework, such as box-like containers, steel stores, and vehicles, ships, airplanes, etc., joining and reinforcing the exterior surface members together Is also possible.
In the drawing, joining and reinforcement are performed from the outside, but it is needless to say that joining and reinforcement can be performed from the inside depending on the situation.
Furthermore, it is needless to say that the joint / reinforcement strength can be enhanced by using the conventional unidirectional fiber sheet in combination with the diagonal cloth fiber sheet A.

Industrial applicability

A. Since joining and reinforcement with conventional hardware and the like can be simplified by applying an oblique cross fiber sheet, labor is saved and the entire construction period is shortened and the cost is reduced.
B. With conventional unidirectional fiber sheets, the same effect can not be obtained unless the fiber direction is changed and double overlapping is applied. Although the material cost was required, since the construction of one oblique cross fiber sheet (two times in the case of using a unidirectional fiber sheet) is sufficient, the cost is significantly reduced and the construction period is shortened.
C. By obliquely bonding and reinforcing the diagonal cloth fiber sheet to the face material joint in the longitudinal direction, the oblique cloth fibers effectively work against stress in all directions due to external force, and the strength and thickness of the face material, The frame that receives the face material can be made smaller, and special metal fittings for joining are not required, so mini-houses and containers other than buildings, simple pre-haps, storerooms, dome, vehicles, ships, airplanes For example, it can be used for joining and reinforcing any member, and the weight can be reduced and the cost can be reduced.
In addition, when used in vehicles, ships, airplanes, etc., the metal of the partition wall, which has been a problem in airplane accidents, such as loosening of the frame and exterior members due to constant movement or pressure, damage to the exterior parts of the attachment, etc. It is a useful reinforcing structure that can prevent fatigue and the like.
D. The diagonal cloth fiber sheet can be commercialized as a packing tape for packing, and can be easily installed by anyone, depending on the item, and it can reinforce and prevent cracking of the member, as well as reinforcing and joining the member itself. The range of application to all fields, including joining and reinforcement between surfaces, is unlimited. This is a useful invention with high possibility of application development in various fields in industrial use.

It is a perspective view explaining crack reinforcement in the reinforcement structure by the slanting cross fiber sheet concerning the embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view explaining crack reinforcement in the reinforcement structure by the slanting cross fiber sheet concerning the embodiment of the present invention. It is a front view of the diagonal cloth fiber sheet concerning the embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure explaining the flow etc. of the force by the external force P of the wooden frame concerning embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the flow etc. of the force by the external force P of the wooden frame concerning embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the flow etc. of the force by the external force P of the wooden frame concerning embodiment of this invention. It is a reinforcement structure by the diagonal cross fiber sheet concerning embodiment of this invention, and is a figure explaining adhesive joining and adhesion reinforcement by changing the angle of a fiber direction. It is a reinforcement structure by the diagonal cross fiber sheet concerning embodiment of this invention, and is a figure explaining adhesive joining and adhesion reinforcement by changing the angle of a fiber direction. It is a front view of the diagonal cross fiber sheet which changed the angle of the fiber direction concerning embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view explaining the reinforcement and crack prevention in a foundation with the reinforcement structure by the diagonal cross fiber sheet concerning embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view explaining the reinforcement and crack prevention in a foundation with the reinforcement structure by the diagonal cross fiber sheet concerning embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the reinforcement and crack prevention in a foundation with the reinforcement structure by the diagonal cross fiber sheet concerning embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view explaining the reinforcement structure in a building by the reinforcement structure by the diagonal cross fiber sheet concerning embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view explaining the reinforcement structure in a polyhedron by the reinforcement structure by the slant cloth fiber sheet concerning the embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view explaining the reinforcement structure in a sphere by the reinforcement structure by the slant cross fiber sheet concerning the embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

A Angled cross fiber sheet A1 Fiber direction of ± 45 ° A2 Fiber direction with changed angle 1 Crack 11 Stress generated in the crack 12 Stress component 2 2 Beam 3 Foundation 31 Underfloor vent 32 Foundation finish mortar 33 Pile 34 Pile foundation Bending moment 4 Building 41 Opening 5 Polyhedron 51 Polyhedron joint 6 Sphere 61 Spherical joint

Claims (4)

A reinforcing structure characterized by reinforcing a crack and a structural crack of a member of a wooden building by using a fiber reinforcing material knitted in an oblique cross shape with respect to the longitudinal direction of the sheet in the sheet-like fiber reinforcing material. A reinforcing structure characterized in that, in a sheet-like fiber reinforcing material, a fiber reinforcing material knitted in an oblique cross shape with respect to the longitudinal direction of the sheet is used to prevent cracks and structural cracks of members of a wooden building . In the sheet-like fiber reinforcement, using the fiber reinforcement knitted in an oblique cross shape with respect to the longitudinal direction of the sheet, the crack prevention and reinforcement of the crack occurrence place and the predicted place of the foundation which is a member of the wooden building, A reinforcing structure characterized by being performed along the longitudinal direction of a crack . The sheet-like fiber reinforcement, those various angles of weave around the diagonal cross-shaped ± 45 ° to the longitudinal direction of the sheet to the axis used to accommodate part of the wooden building, cracking of members of wooden buildings The reinforcing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the structural cracks are reinforced and prevented, and further joined and reinforced at the surfaces of the members of the wooden building .

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