JP4373552B2 - Asphalt roofing materials - Google Patents
Asphalt roofing materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4373552B2 JP4373552B2 JP34379499A JP34379499A JP4373552B2 JP 4373552 B2 JP4373552 B2 JP 4373552B2 JP 34379499 A JP34379499 A JP 34379499A JP 34379499 A JP34379499 A JP 34379499A JP 4373552 B2 JP4373552 B2 JP 4373552B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- asphalt
- asphalt roofing
- polyester fiber
- roofing material
- fiber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本願発明は、建造物の屋根、屋上その他の防水部に使用するアスファルト・ル−フィング材に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
建造物の屋根、屋上その他における防水層の形成に使用されるアスファルト・ル−フィング材は、ある種の基材にアスファルト又は改質アスファルトを含浸・塗覆することにより製造されている。
この基材としては従来、原紙、原反が使用されている。原紙は、羊毛、木綿、新聞雑誌等の故紙、木材チップ等の天然繊維を叩解して漉きあわせて形成した抄紙であり、原反は合成繊維による不織布であり、乾式工法によるものと湿式工法によるものとがある。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、前記原紙を基材とするアスファルト・ル−フィング材にあっては、原紙の紙質が緊密となり爾後のアスファルト含浸処理において、含浸量の不足等の不都合が生じやすい場合がある。また、この種のアスファルト・ル−フィング材にあっては、耐水性に劣り吸湿による寸法変化が少なくないうえ、さらにはコンクリ−ト下地部分から滲出するアルカリ成分にも耐久性を欠くためその用途が限定されざるを得ない。さらには、この基材は紙質性を有しているから、引張性能が乏しく、特に、引裂強度に欠ける難点もある。
【０００４】
一方、アスファルト・ル−フィング材に使用される前記原反としては、乾式工法および湿式工法で製造される合成繊維不織布であり、両者とも繊維を相互に接着させるために水性の樹脂系バインダ−を使用している。
そのため、耐水性、耐アルカリ性、寸法安定性等の点でやや問題なしとしない場合がある。また、合成繊維と樹脂系バインダ−の組み合わせのため、アスファルトの含浸・塗覆時に耐熱性に難があり、歪みが生じ施工後の収縮が少なくないという不都合が生じる場合がある。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本願発明は、基材にアスファルトを含浸・塗覆してなるアスファルトルーフィング材であって、前記基材は、有機天然繊維としてのパルプ４０〜６０重量％、ポリエステル繊維４０〜６０重量％の範囲の主原料で湿式製法により抄造されてなる不織布であり、前記ポリエステル繊維はその４０〜５０％はバインダ−としての芯鞘構造をなすポリエステル繊維からなり、鞘部は融解温度が摂氏１１０度ないし１６０度の低融解ポリエステルで構成され、前記ポリエステル繊維ならびに芯鞘構造をなす前記ポリエステル繊維はそれぞれ５〜１０ｍｍ長であり、有機天然繊維は故紙を細解したパルプにより構成したことを特徴とするアスファルト・ル−フィング材を提供して 上記従来の課題を解決しようとするものである。
【０００６】
また、上述の構成において、上述のアスファルト・ル−フィング材において、有機天然繊維としてさらに叩解した羊毛および又は叩解した木綿を加えた構成となすことがある。
【０００７】
さらにまた、上記いずれかのアスファルト・ル−フィング材において、前記不織布は、１８０〜２３０ｇ／ｍ 2 に形成することがある。
【０００８】
【発明の実施形態】
以下、この発明の１実施形態を説明する。この実施形態に係る基材としての原反は、有機天然繊維としてのパルプ４０〜６０重量％、ポリエステル繊維４０〜６０重量％の構成になるシ−トである。そして、該不織布は、周知の湿式製法により抄造されている。
ポリエステル繊維４０〜６０重量％のうち、４０〜５０％はバインダ−としての芯鞘構造をなすポリエステル繊維であり、鞘部は融解温度が摂氏１１０度の低融解ポリエステルで構成されている。なお、いずれのポリエステル繊維も５〜１０ｍｍ長さのものを使用している。
【０００９】
有機天然繊維は、新聞・雑誌等の故紙から常法により製造したものを使用している。上記各構成材は、周知の抄紙装置による諸工程を経て不織布へ形成されることになる。すなわち、前記比率による原料繊維を水中に投入して混合、絡合したのち、スクリ−ニングして脱水・抄合し、次いで加熱乾燥することにより目的のシ−トを得る。バインダ−として分散混入された芯鞘構造をなすポリエステル繊維は、鞘部は融解温度が摂氏１１０度の低融解ポリエステルで構成されているから、加熱乾燥工程における乾燥シリンダ−による熱圧により融解して有機天然繊維および前記鞘部以外のポリエステル繊維を相互に接着させることになる。
【００１０】
このように、バインダ−繊維の鞘部が融解しても芯部があるため、シ−ト全体としての嵩高性は保持され、紙質化、ポリエステル繊維のフィルム化による緻密化現象が発生せず、多孔質で適度の剛性を有する不織布が得られる。こうして得られた不織布は、当該実施形態では、１８０〜２３０ｇ／ｍ2 のものであり、ポリエステルかこのうち９０〜１１０ｇ／ｍ2 となっている。
【００１１】
次いで、この基材には、アスファルトの含浸・塗覆がなされる。このアスファルト含浸・塗覆工程では、まず、摂氏約２００度程度に溶融したアスファルトを含浸させることになる。
基材（シ−ト）は、前述したように多孔質で適度の剛性を有しているから、アスファルトは内部まで良く浸透して適正な防水能を付与することができ、この工程で、バインダ−繊維の鞘部がさらに溶解してポリエステル繊維および有機天然繊維を強固に接着させる。また、適度の剛性を有することから、アスファルトの含浸および余分なアスファルトの払拭作業が極めて容易である。
【００１２】
アスファルトの含浸工程を経た基材（シ−ト）は、その両面に、さらに所定の品質のアスファルトをコ−テイングしたうえ、コ−テイング表面に鉱物砂を撒布してコ−テイング面相互の接着を防止するとともに、コ−テイング表面の保護機能を付与する。次いで、冷却工程を経てアスファルト・ル−フィング材の製品が完成する。
【００１３】
上述の実施形態では、基材（シ−ト）の構成素材の比率は前記のとおりであるが、その比率、その他の条件（鞘部ポリエステルの溶解温度の選択、ポリエステル繊維の太さ等）により種々の性能のアスファルト・ル−フィング材の設計が自在である。しかしながら、発明者等の実験によれば、ポリエステル繊維が１０重量％（このうち、ポリエステルバインダ−繊維が３０〜６０％）以下では、ポリエステル繊維の効果が発揮されず所望の性能のシ−トを得られない。また、有機天然繊維を３０重量％未満とすると、基材（シ−ト）の耐熱性が低下してしまう。さらにまた、ポリエステルバインダ−繊維の比率を、ポリエステル繊維の総量の３０重量％以下にすると十分なバインダ−効果を得ることができず、逆に６０重量％以上にすると、基材（シ−ト）の耐熱性が低下し、アスファルト含浸・塗覆工程で必要な耐熱性が得られないことが判明した。
【００１４】
次に、本願発明に係るアスファルト・ル−フィング材、従来のストレッチ・アスファルト・ル−フィング材（基材が合成繊維不織布）、アスファルト・ル−フィング材（基材が原紙）の性能比較試験の結果を表１に示す。
表１において、Ａは本願発明に係るアスファルト・ル−フィング材、Ｂはストレッチ・アスファルト・ル−フィング材、Ｃはラグ・アスファルト・ル−フィング材を示している。
【００１５】
【表１】
上記から、本願発明に係るアスファルト・ル−フィング材が、従来製品に比較して、耐熱性に優れており、加工時生じる歪みが少なく、施工後の熱収縮性が少ないことが判明する。
また、耐水性にも優れ、したがって吸湿による寸法変化が少ないことも判明する。その他の実験項目でも従来品より優れた性能を示している。
【００１７】
【発明の効果】
本願発明は、以上説明した構成により、耐熱性、耐水性、寸法安定性、耐アルカリ水性に優れたアスファルト・ル−フィング材を実現できる一方、天然有機繊維として故紙パルプを使用するため、製造コストが低廉であり、資源のリサイクルに資するところも少なくない。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an asphalt roofing material used for roofs, rooftops, and other waterproof parts of buildings.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Asphalt roofing materials used to form waterproofing layers on building roofs, rooftops, etc. are manufactured by impregnating and coating certain types of substrates with asphalt or modified asphalt.
Conventionally, a base paper and a raw fabric are used as the base material. The base paper is paper made from beaten paper such as wool, cotton, newspapers, and natural fibers such as wood chips. The raw fabric is a non-woven fabric made of synthetic fibers. There is a thing.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the asphalt roofing material based on the base paper, the paper quality of the base paper becomes close, and there are cases where inconveniences such as insufficient impregnation amount are likely to occur in the subsequent asphalt impregnation treatment. In addition, this type of asphalt roofing material is inferior in water resistance and undergoes little dimensional change due to moisture absorption, and further lacks durability in the alkaline component that exudes from the concrete substrate. Must be limited. Furthermore, since this base material has paper quality, the tensile performance is poor, and in particular, there is a difficulty in lacking tear strength.
[0004]
On the other hand, the raw fabric used for the asphalt roofing material is a synthetic fiber nonwoven fabric produced by a dry construction method and a wet construction method, both of which use an aqueous resin binder to bond the fibers to each other. I use it.
For this reason, there may be cases where there is no problem in terms of water resistance, alkali resistance, dimensional stability, and the like. In addition, because of the combination of synthetic fiber and resin-based binder, heat resistance is difficult when asphalt is impregnated and coated, and there may be inconveniences such as distortion and considerable shrinkage after construction.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is an asphalt roofing material obtained by impregnating and coating a base material with asphalt, and the base material is mainly composed of 40 to 60% by weight of pulp as an organic natural fiber and 40 to 60% by weight of polyester fiber. It is a nonwoven fabric made from a raw material by a wet manufacturing method, and the polyester fiber is made of polyester fiber having a core-sheath structure as a binder, and the sheath part has a melting temperature of 110 to 160 degrees Celsius. An asphalt rule characterized in that it is composed of low melting polyester, the polyester fiber and the polyester fiber having a core-sheath structure are each 5 to 10 mm long, and the organic natural fiber is composed of pulp obtained by disassembling waste paper. The present invention intends to solve the above-described conventional problems by providing a finging material .
[0006]
Further, in the above-described configuration, the asphalt roofing material described above may be configured by adding beaten wool and / or beaten cotton as organic natural fibers.
[0007]
Furthermore, in any of the above asphalt roofing materials, the non-woven fabric may be formed at 180 to 230 g / m 2 .
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. The raw fabric as a base material according to this embodiment is a sheet having a constitution of 40 to 60% by weight of pulp as an organic natural fiber and 40 to 60% by weight of polyester fiber. The nonwoven fabric is made by a well-known wet manufacturing method.
Of the polyester fiber 40 to 60% by weight, 40 to 50% is a polyester fiber having a core-sheath structure as a binder, and the sheath part is made of low melting polyester having a melting temperature of 110 degrees Celsius . In addition, as for all the polyester fibers, the thing of 5-10 mm length is used.
[0009]
Organic natural fibers are produced from ordinary paper such as newspapers and magazines by conventional methods. Each of the above-described constituent materials is formed into a nonwoven fabric through various steps by a well-known papermaking apparatus. That is, the raw material fibers having the above ratio are put into water, mixed, entangled, screened, dehydrated and combined, and then heat-dried to obtain the desired sheet. The polyester fiber having a core-sheath structure dispersed and mixed as a binder is composed of low-melting polyester having a melting temperature of 110 degrees Celsius , so that the sheath is melted by heat pressure from a drying cylinder in the heating and drying process. The organic natural fiber and the polyester fiber other than the sheath are bonded to each other.
[0010]
Thus, since the core part is present even when the binder fiber sheath melts, the bulkiness of the entire sheet is maintained, and the densification phenomenon due to the paper quality and polyester fiber film formation does not occur. A porous non-woven fabric having an appropriate rigidity can be obtained. In this embodiment, the nonwoven fabric thus obtained is 180 to 230 g / m 2 and is polyester or 90 to 110 g / m 2 among them.
[0011]
Next, the base material is impregnated and coated with asphalt. In this asphalt impregnation / coating step, first, asphalt melted to about 200 degrees Celsius is impregnated.
Since the base material (sheet) is porous and has an appropriate rigidity as described above, the asphalt can permeate well into the interior and impart an appropriate waterproofing ability. -The fiber sheath is further dissolved to firmly bond the polyester fiber and the organic natural fiber. Moreover, since it has moderate rigidity, asphalt impregnation and extra asphalt wiping work are extremely easy.
[0012]
The base material (sheet) that has undergone the asphalt impregnation step is coated with asphalt of a specified quality on both sides, and mineral sand is spread on the coating surface to bond the coating surfaces to each other. And a protective function for the coating surface. Next, a product of asphalt roofing material is completed through a cooling process.
[0013]
In the above-described embodiment, the ratio of the constituent materials of the base material (sheet) is as described above. However, depending on the ratio and other conditions (selection of melting temperature of sheath polyester, thickness of polyester fiber, etc.) Various asphalt roofing materials with various performances can be designed. However, according to experiments by the inventors, when the polyester fiber is 10% by weight (of which the polyester binder fiber is 30 to 60%) or less, the effect of the polyester fiber is not exhibited and a sheet having a desired performance is obtained. I can't get it. On the other hand, if the organic natural fiber is less than 30% by weight, the heat resistance of the substrate (sheet) is lowered. Furthermore, if the ratio of the polyester binder fiber is 30% by weight or less of the total amount of the polyester fiber, a sufficient binder effect cannot be obtained, and conversely if it is 60% by weight or more, the base material (sheet) It has been found that the heat resistance required for the asphalt impregnation and coating process cannot be obtained.
[0014]
Next, the performance comparison test of the asphalt roofing material according to the present invention, the conventional stretch asphalt roofing material (base material is synthetic fiber nonwoven fabric), and the asphalt roofing material (base material is base paper) The results are shown in Table 1.
In Table 1, A is an asphalt roofing material according to the present invention, B is a stretch asphalt roofing material, and C is a rug asphalt roofing material.
[0015]
[Table 1]
From the above, it can be seen that the asphalt roofing material according to the present invention is superior in heat resistance as compared with conventional products, has less distortion during processing, and has less heat shrinkability after construction.
It is also found that it is excellent in water resistance and therefore has little dimensional change due to moisture absorption. Other experimental items also show better performance than conventional products.
[0017]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention can realize an asphalt roofing material excellent in heat resistance, water resistance, dimensional stability, and alkali water resistance by the configuration described above, while using waste paper pulp as a natural organic fiber. However, there are many places that contribute to resource recycling.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34379499A JP4373552B2 (en) | 1999-12-02 | 1999-12-02 | Asphalt roofing materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34379499A JP4373552B2 (en) | 1999-12-02 | 1999-12-02 | Asphalt roofing materials |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001164478A JP2001164478A (en) | 2001-06-19 |
| JP4373552B2 true JP4373552B2 (en) | 2009-11-25 |
Family
ID=18364296
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34379499A Expired - Lifetime JP4373552B2 (en) | 1999-12-02 | 1999-12-02 | Asphalt roofing materials |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4373552B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3616605B2 (en) | 2002-04-03 | 2005-02-02 | 沖電気工業株式会社 | Semiconductor device |
-
1999
- 1999-12-02 JP JP34379499A patent/JP4373552B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2001164478A (en) | 2001-06-19 |
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