JPH11151705A - Fiber board and its production - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve water resistance without deteriorating the good moisture permeability and high strength of a coconut palm fiber board to be applied appropriately to a windbreak layer which partitions an insulating layer and a ventilation layer and formed in a wall in a wooden building. SOLUTION: In a fiber board 1, a fiber mat 2 is formed from coconut palm fibers, to the mat 2 and a fabric or a sheet-shaped material 3 such as a non- woven fabric, 0.1-20 pts.wt. of asphalt is adhered to 100 pts.wt. of a curable resin, the coconut palm fibers, and the material 3 to laminate the mat 2 with the material 3 to be compression molded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to, for example, outer wall base materials, floor materials, floor base materials, tatami mat materials, roof base materials, ceiling materials, house interior materials and interior base materials, architectural heat insulating materials, body edge materials. Wood-based fiberboard used for building materials such as sound insulation materials, sound absorption materials, cushioning materials, shock absorbing materials, etc., as well as concrete formwork materials, loading pallets, vehicle interior materials such as automobiles and interior base materials, and furniture materials Related to similar fiberboard, especially excellent in moisture permeability and strength, and excellent in water resistance, for example, formed to prevent dew condensation between the outer wall and the heat insulating layer formed in the wall of a wooden house with a ventilation method The present invention relates to a fiberboard suitably used as a windproof layer for partitioning a ventilation layer and a heat insulating layer.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a wooden house using a ventilation method, in order to prevent water vapor from leaking from a room into a wall having a fibrous heat insulating layer such as glass wool and to form mist in the wall, an outer wall and a heat insulating layer are formed. By forming a ventilation layer in between, water vapor in the room that has passed through the heat insulating layer is diffused from under the eaves to the outside through the ventilation layer. Conventionally, for example, a nonwoven fabric made of polyethylene has been used as a material for forming the windproof layer that separates the ventilation layer and the heat insulating layer. However, when glass wool or the like is used for the heat insulating layer, the expansion force of the heat insulating layer pushes the nonwoven fabric. There is a disadvantage that the nonwoven fabric swells and deforms to narrow and sometimes block the ventilation layer. This is particularly likely to occur when a large amount of glass wool or the like is packed in a cold region [Building Work Standard Specifications / Commentary JASS24. Refer to insulation work (edited by the Architectural Institute of Japan). ]. Therefore, a sheathing board, which is a kind of soft fiberboard having relatively low density and air permeability among wood fiberboards, is applied to the outside of the heat insulating layer, and the end sides thereof are pillars, studs, beams, beams, braces, or the like. By fixing to a structural material, a windproof layer having a certain strength is formed.

[0003] However, the conventional sheathing board as described above cannot withstand the expansion force of the heat insulating layer, but does not have enough strength to function as a structural face material. Therefore, the strength of the structural portion around the seasing board had to rely exclusively on the above-mentioned structural material other than the seasing board.

A technique relating to a palm fiber board made of coconut fiber, jute cloth and resin has been disclosed as having both excellent moisture permeability and high strength (International Patent Publication WO96 / 32251). There was a problem that the water resistance was insufficient. Further, there is a technique of adding a wax emulsion to a binder resin in order to improve the water resistance of the wood fiber board, but there is a problem that the strength of the board is reduced by the addition of the wax. Further, as a fiber board other than coconut fiber, asphalt was added by mixing molten asphalt immediately after spraying, mixing asphalt fiber created with a suspension of wood fiber, forming a wet mat, and heating and drying. Bituminous waterproof fiberboard used as a soft fiberboard (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 51-24680) or a fiberboard prepared by wet papermaking and impregnated with 25 to 100 parts by weight of asphalt for use as a joint plate for concrete. Although there is also a technique relating to JP-A-62-41398, the fiberboard obtained by these techniques has poor strength and moisture permeability as a material for forming a windbreak layer in the wall of a wooden house as described above. It is enough.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above points.
A fiber board obtained by laminating a knitted fabric made of vegetable fibers such as hemp fiber on a palm fiber mat as necessary, and compressing and molding by adhering a curable resin, with good moisture permeability of the palm fiber board. By improving water resistance without impairing high strength, for example, to provide a fiberboard that can be suitably used for a windproof layer that partitions a heat insulating layer and a ventilation layer formed in a wall of a wooden house. is there.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have made intensive studies to solve these problems, and as a result, by adding asphalt to a fiber board in which coco fibers are bonded with a hardening resin, the strength and the strength are improved. It has been found that a fiberboard having excellent moisture permeability and good water resistance can be obtained, and the present invention has been completed. That is, the present invention relates to [1] a palm fiber mat, a curable resin, and 0.1 to 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of palm fiber.
A fiber board obtained by adhering part by weight of asphalt and compression-molding, [2] a coconut fiber mat and a sheet material such as a knitted fabric or a nonwoven fabric, a curable resin, 100 parts by weight of a coconut fiber and a sheet material. 0.1 to 20 parts by weight of asphalt is adhered thereto, and the coconut fiber mat and the sheet-like material are laminated and compression-molded. [3] The coconut fiber is an oil palm fiber. ] Or [2], the fiberboard according to [2] or [3], wherein the sheet-like material is made of vegetable fiber; The fiberboard according to the above [2] to [4], which has a thickness of 3 to 25 m, which is 1200 g / m ^2.
m, a bending strength of 3 to 50 N / mm ² , and a moisture permeability coefficient of 0.1 to 10 μg / (m ² · s · Pa). Board, [7] the fiber board according to the above [1] to [6], wherein the curable resin is an amino resin, and [8] the amino resin is selected from urea resin, melamine resin, and urea-melamine copolymer resin. The fiberboard according to the above [7], which is at least one resin.

[9] The fiber board according to the above [1] to [6], wherein the curable resin is a phenolic resin, and [10] a fiber mat formed from coconut fibers. 1
0.1 to 20 parts by weight of asphalt with respect to 00 parts by weight, and a method of producing a fiberboard by compression molding. [11] Forming a fiber mat from palm fibers, knitting the palm fiber mat and knitting To a sheet-like material such as a woven or non-woven fabric, a curable resin, and 0.1 to 20 parts by weight of asphalt based on 100 parts by weight of coconut fiber and the sheet-like material,
A method for producing a fiberboard, comprising laminating and compressing the coconut fiber mat and the sheet-like material, [12] mixing and attaching asphalt to the coconut fiber mat and the sheet-like material in a curable resin The method for producing a fiberboard according to the above [10] or [11].

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The details of the present invention will be specifically described below.

The coconut fibers used in the present invention are coconut palm,
Fibers such as fibrous bark, petiole base fiber, mesocarp fiber, etc. collected from palm plants such as oil palm, sago palm, date palm, saw palmetto, nippa palm, sugar palm, pea palm, palm, syrup, black clog, etc. And fibers obtained by defibrating empty fruit clusters.
Further, a mixture of a plurality of types of coconut fibers is also included. Among these palm fibers, oil palm fibers are preferable, as described later.

The coconut fiber mat according to the present invention means that the coconut fiber is entangled with a nonwoven fabric or a three-dimensional knitted structure by a needle punch or the like to increase the peeling strength, and further, if necessary, a press or a hot press. In the form of a mat.

[0010] Palm fiber has a diameter of about 100 to 600 µm.
Therefore, when a fiber mat is formed, a gap having a size of, for example, about 100 μm to 5 mm, preferably about 200 μm to 3 mm is formed between the fibers, depending on the fiber packing density. Therefore, the moisture permeability of the palm fiber mat is extremely good. Also, a sheet-like material such as a knitted fabric or a nonwoven fabric laminated on the coconut fiber mat also has air permeability, and thus is excellent in moisture permeability.

The size of the gap between the fibers and the fiber packing density of the obtained fiberboard are variously changed depending on the amount of resin when the curable resin is adhered to the fiber mat and the degree of compression during the molding. This allows control of the moisture permeability of the fiberboard. For example, the size of the gap between the fibers of the fiberboard is set to about 1 to 100 μm, usually 5 to 100 μm.
By setting the thickness to about 50 μm, it is possible to produce a good fiberboard that has air permeability but does not allow rain to pass.

As described above, among the coconut fibers, oil palm fibers are preferable, but the oil palm fibers require less labor for defibration and the like than other types of coconut fibers, and can be obtained at low cost. In addition, the palm fiber has a long fiber length of 10 to 30 cm and the degree of fiber bending is larger than that of the coconut fiber, so that the fibers are entangled with each other, are not easily unraveled when a fiber mat is formed, and the mat can be easily handled. is there. In addition, the fiber entanglement is large, and the fiber diameter is sometimes larger than that of coconut. Therefore, the fiber board of the oil palm fiber has a strong nail holding force when the nail is driven.

The sheet material such as a knitted fabric or a nonwoven fabric used in the present invention includes natural fibers such as plant fibers, synthetic fibers, and the like.
Alternatively, a fiber made of a mixed fiber of a synthetic fiber and a natural fiber can be used. Natural fibers include cotton and hemp,
Examples include silk, bamboo, sugarcane fiber, loofah fiber, pineapple fiber, banana fiber, koulyang fiber, fiber obtained from rice straw, wood fiber, animal hair, and the like. Examples of the synthetic fiber include polyester fiber, aliphatic or aromatic polyamide fiber, aramid fiber, acrylic fiber, polyethylene fiber, polyolefin fiber such as polypropylene fiber, vinylidene fiber, polyvinyl chloride fiber, polyurethane fiber, vinylon, rayon, cupra. , Acetate and the like. Knitted or nonwoven fabrics made of inorganic fibers such as glass fibers, carbon fibers, and asbestos fibers can also be used.

These natural fibers, synthetic fibers and, if necessary, synthetic fibers containing natural fibers may be used alone or in combination of two or more. A sheet-like material such as a knitted fabric or a nonwoven fabric made of these fibers has air permeability and is excellent in moisture permeability. Two or more sheet materials such as a knitted fabric or a nonwoven fabric may be appropriately used.

As the sheet-like material, a non-woven fabric made of a heat-meltable fiber which is hot-melted at the heating temperature during heat compression molding and can be bonded to a coconut fiber mat can be suitably used from the viewpoint of adhesiveness and moldability. . In this regard, a nonwoven fabric made of polypropylene, polyethylene, or polyester is most preferable.

If necessary, the nonwoven fabric made of synthetic fibers including natural fibers is not particularly limited in fiber length, manufacturing method and the like.
That is, it may be a single fiber or a long fiber. As the production method, any of nonwoven fabrics produced by a general method such as a wet method, a dry method, a spun bond method, a flash spinning method, a melt blow method, and a spun lace method can be used.

A sheet-like material such as a knitted fabric or a non-woven fabric made of these natural fibers, synthetic fibers, or, if necessary, synthetic fibers containing natural fibers can be used as a curable resin, asphalt, or a hot melt. The strength of the fiberboard is enhanced by strongly bonding with the palm fiber mat via the conductive resin. That is, when these sheet-like materials are arranged on the surface of the coconut fiber mat, particularly on both surfaces, a so-called sandwich effect is exerted and the bending strength and the bending elastic modulus of the fiberboard increase.

Further, a sheet-like material such as a knitted fabric or a nonwoven fabric has a good appearance, and the palm fiber mat does not appear on the surface of the fiberboard, so that the appearance is good. In addition, by covering the surface of the fiberboard with a sheet-like material,
The coconut fibers do not appear on the surface and the feel is improved. In particular, non-woven fabrics have no weave, no stitches and are smoother than knitted fabrics and the like, so that the contact with the coconut fiber mat in the fiberboard becomes good, and as a result, the number of bonding points increases, so that the bonding strength is low. In some cases, the risk of peeling at the ends of the fiberboard and the nonwoven fabric is reduced, which may be a preferred embodiment.

On the other hand, when a sheet-like material such as a knitted fabric or a nonwoven fabric is placed inside a coconut fiber mat, the tensile strength and the tensile modulus, the shear strength and the shear modulus of the fiberboard, the in-plane compressive strength and The in-plane compression modulus increases. This in-plane compressive strength means the strength when receiving a compressive force in a plane stress state. Further, as described above, the exfoliation at the end is eliminated. Furthermore, sheet-like materials such as knitted fabrics or nonwoven fabrics are small in water absorption and dimensional change at the time of moisture absorption, so when placed on the surface or inside of a coconut fiber mat, water absorption of the fiberboard and dimensional change at the time of moisture absorption are small,
The decrease in strength during water absorption and moisture absorption is reduced.

The basis weight of the sheet material such as a knitted fabric or a nonwoven fabric is preferably from 10 to 1500 g / m ² from the viewpoints of strength, moisture permeability, moldability and the like. More preferably, 10-600
g / m ^2, more preferably from 10~350g / m ^2.

It is particularly preferable to laminate a knitted fabric made of vegetable fiber such as hemp fiber having a high tensile modulus as a sheet-like material on the coconut fiber mat, since the strength of the fiberboard is further improved. As the knitted fabric composed of plant fibers used in the present invention, a knitted fabric of hemp fiber is preferable. Here, the hemp fibers include those that take the skin fibers such as jute, flax, kenaf, and ambassador, and those that take the tissue fibers such as manila, sisal, New Zealand and Mauricia. What is hemp fiber?
The fibers obtained from these hemp. Plant fibers include those obtained by mixing a plurality of types of plant fibers. The knitted fabric includes a cloth formed by knitting hemp yarn obtained by fibrillating hemp fibers and twisting hemp yarns vertically and horizontally, and thus includes a jute cloth which is a cloth formed of jute. As an example of the weave structure, it is preferable to select from plain weave, twill weave, satin weave, nanaco weave (including regular and irregular), among which plain weave and twill weave are particularly preferred. Examples of the knitting structure include flat knitting and rubber knitting. As an example of the yarn used for producing this knitted fabric, it is preferable to select from jute counts of 7.5 to 40. Also, the basis weight is preferably about 100~1200g / m ^2, still preferably 100 to 1000 g / m ^2, and most preferably from 100 to 600 / m ^2. The amount of the knitted fabric to be laminated on the palm fiber mat can be selected by combining the basis weight and the number of laminations depending on physical properties such as strength required for the use of the fiberboard. However, in the case of the surface, it may be one side or both sides. Also, a large number of palm fiber mats and knitted fabrics may be alternately laminated.

The curable resin used in the present invention includes a thermosetting resin and a reaction curable resin (room temperature curable resin). or,
During the compression molding of the coconut fiber mat, heating is also performed if necessary.

As the thermosetting resin, phenol resin, amino resin and diallyl phthalate resin (DAP)
Resin). Novolak resin (acid catalyst, excess phenol), resole resin (basic catalyst, excess formaldehyde), phenol-melamine copolymer resin, phenol-melamine-urea copolymer resin,
There are modified phenolic resins such as alkylphenol-modified phenolic resins and rubber-modified phenolic resins. Amino resins include urea resins (urea resins), melamine resins, urea-melamine copolymer resins, benzoguanamine resins, and acetoguanamine resins. Examples of the reaction-curable resin (room-temperature-curable resin) include furan resin, alkyd resin, unsaturated polyester resin, urethane resin, epoxy resin, modified (modified) silicone resin, and silicone resin.

Among the above curable resins, thermosetting resins are preferred from the viewpoint of curing time and productivity. Among them, phenol resins and amino resins are preferred, and amino resins, ie, urea resins and melamine resins are particularly preferred. Urea melamine copolymer resin, and a resin mixture thereof.

As the convergence agent or binder for the palm fiber mat, the above-mentioned curable resin is preferable from the viewpoint of dimensional accuracy, durability, strength and the like. However, although it is slightly inferior in physical properties, an acrylic or styrene-based thermoplastic resin (particularly an aqueous dispersion) having a binder effect and a natural or synthetic rubber latex such as SBR can be partially used. Is a concept including these.

The curable resin of the present invention may optionally contain a plasticizer, a filler, a reinforcing material, an anti-sagging agent, a coloring agent, an antioxidant, an adhesion promoter, a curing catalyst, a physical property modifier and the like. obtain. In addition, konjac, flour, starch, etc. can be added as an adhesion promoter.

The amount of the curable resin used is 5 to 100 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 30 parts by weight, more preferably 10 to 30 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the coconut fiber.

Next, asphalt used in the present invention includes slate asphalt, blown asphalt,
And asphalt emulsions. Of these, asphalt emulsions are preferred from the viewpoint of miscibility with the resin solution. Asphalt emulsions include a cationic emulsion and an anionic emulsion, and both can be used here. Asphalt is hydrophobic, and when added to a fiber board made of coconut fiber, for example, it becomes difficult for rainwater or the like to seep into the fiber board, and the water resistance is improved.

As a method of attaching asphalt to a sheet material such as a coco fiber mat or a knitted or woven fabric laminated thereon, asphalt is mixed with a curable resin and sprayed onto the coco fiber mat or a sheet material. May be applied and adhered, or the curable resin and asphalt may be separately applied to palm fiber mats and sheet-like materials by spraying or the like, but may be mixed and adhered to the curable resin. It is simpler and more preferred. The amount of asphalt attached depends on the raw material fiber,
That is, asphalt solid content is 0.1 to 2 parts per 100 parts by weight of coconut fiber or coconut fiber and sheet material in total.
0 parts by weight, preferably 0.5 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by weight. If the amount of asphalt adhered is less than 0.1 part by weight, the water resistance is small.
If the amount exceeds 0 parts by weight, the rigidity and moisture permeability of the fiberboard are reduced, which is not preferable.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a fiberboard 1 which is an example of the embodiment. The fiberboard 1 forms a mat 2 by coconut fibers, and a curable resin and asphalt are adhered to a hemp cloth 3 made by weaving yarns made of the fiber mat 2 and hemp fibers vertically and horizontally. The hemp cloth 3 is laminated and compression molded.

In order to form the fiber mat 2, the coconut fiber is entangled with a nonwoven fabric or a three-dimensional knitted structure by a needle punch or the like to increase the peeling strength, and if necessary, a press or a hot press or the like is used. Makes the fiber mat 2 dense. The thickness of the fiber mat 2 is usually 5
Although it is easy to use when it is about 20 mm, it is needless to say that it is not limited to this and may be set arbitrarily according to the application.
A plurality of fiber mats 2 may be used.

The thickness of the fiberboard 1 of the present invention is 3 to 25 mm.
Is preferable, and 9-20 mm is more preferable. The density is preferably 0.2 to 1.0 g / cm ³ , and more preferably 0.3 to 1.0 g / cm ^3.
０．７0.7 g / cm ³ , most preferably 0.3 g / cm ^3.
5 to 0.6 g / cm ³ . Also, the basis weight of the fiberboard 1 is
For example, when the thickness of the fiberboard 1 is 9 mm, the density is 0.2 g.
/ Cm ³ , the basis weight is 1.8 kg / m ² , and the density is 1.0
In the case of g / cm ³ , the basis weight is 9 kg / m ² .

The production of the fiberboard 1 can be performed, for example, as follows. First, coconut fibers are defibrated to obtain fibers having a unit cross-sectional diameter of about 5 to 600 μm and a fiber length of 3 to 30 cm. A fiber mat 2 is formed from the coconut fibers, and the fibers are entangled by a needle punch or the like to make the fibers dense, and at the same time, the peel strength is increased. This fiber mat 2 and hemp cloth 3
Then, an aqueous solution or an aqueous dispersion of a curable resin mixed with an asphalt emulsion is sprayed by a spray or the like, so that the asphalt and the resin are uniformly attached to the whole. Then hemp cloth 3
Are placed on both sides of the fiber mat 2 and are subjected to heat compression molding. In this case, a plurality of fiber mats 2 may be appropriately laminated according to the desired density and thickness of the fiber board 1.

The temperature and time of the heat compression molding vary depending on the curable resin used, the water content of the fiber mat before molding, and the like, and may be appropriately adjusted according to the respective conditions.
When the hemp cloth 3 is not used, the curable resin and asphalt are applied to the fiber mat 2 and then heated and pressed to be formed.

Here, the curable resin is used as a convergence agent or binder for the fibers of the fiber mat 2, imparts strength to the hemp cloth 3 itself, and a binder for the hemp cloth 3 and the fiber mat 2. Further, it functions as a binder for the entire fiberboard 1 or as a component for imparting strength. In addition, asphalt not only acts as a waterproofing agent, but also acts as a fiber binder in the same manner as a curable resin.

Further, the hemp cloth 3 is knitted with hemp fiber or the like having a moderately high tensile strength and tensile elastic modulus, and therefore exhibits excellent tensile strength and tensile elastic modulus itself. Then, the hemp cloth 3 is strongly bonded to the fiber mat 2 via the curable resin and asphalt, so that the strength of the fiberboard 1 is increased. That is, when the hemp cloth 3 is arranged on both sides of the fiber mat 2, a so-called sandwich effect is exhibited, and the bending strength and the bending elastic modulus of the fiber board 1 are increased. Since the hemp cloth 3 has a small dimensional change upon water absorption and moisture absorption, the fiber cloth 1
This is preferable because the dimensional change and the decrease in strength during water absorption and moisture absorption are small. Therefore, when used as a windbreak layer, the fiberboard 1 functions as a structural face material, and can reinforce the surrounding structural part.

In the above embodiment, the hemp cloth 3 is arranged on both sides of the fiber mat 2. However, the present invention is not limited to the case where the hemp cloth 3 is arranged only on one side of the fiber mat 2, Or on both sides or one side and inside of the fiber mat 2. Furthermore, hemp cloth 3
May be arranged inside the fiber mat 2, a plurality of hemp cloths 3 and a plurality of coconut fiber mats 2 may be alternately stacked and arranged in a multilayer. When the hemp cloth 3 is arranged inside the fiber mat 2, the tensile strength and the tensile elastic modulus, the shear strength and the shear elastic modulus, the in-plane compressive strength and the in-plane compressive modulus of the fiber board 1 are increased, and When used as a layer, the fiberboard 1 functions as a structural face material, and can reinforce the surrounding structural part.

In the above embodiment, only the fiberboard (plate-like body) having a constant thickness has been described. However, a molded body formed into a desired shape by various shapes of molds during compression hardening molding may be used. In this case, the same operation and effect as those of the fiber board can be obtained.

The fiber board according to the present invention may be used as a windproof layer used for forming a ventilation layer on the outer wall of a house as described above, but is not limited thereto. For example, house interior materials and interior base materials, roof base materials, ceiling materials, flooring materials, floor base materials, tatami floors, structural structural heat insulating materials, sound absorbing materials, sound insulating materials,
It can be used for all construction materials in which plywood, laminated wood, particle board, etc. are used as building materials such as shock absorbing materials, cushioning materials, and rims. Further, it can be used as a material for concrete formwork, a loading pallet, a packaging material, a vehicle interior material such as an automobile, an interior base material, an exterior material, a furniture material and the like.

[0040]

Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples and comparative examples. The fiber boards obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples were evaluated by the following evaluation items and methods. [Measurement of flexural strength] The flexural strength was measured by a measuring method of JIS A 5905 fiberboard. [Moisture Permeability] Measured according to the moisture permeability test method of JIS Z 0208 moisture-proof packaging material. [Water resistance] One drop (approximately 50 mg) of water droplets was dropped on each of the 10 fiberboard surfaces with a pipette, and the time required for the waterdrops to soak into the fiberboard and disappear was measured. It was evaluated as the retention time.

Example 1 Using defibrated oil palm fibers, the fibers were entangled with each other by needle punching.
A fiber mat of 7 kg / m ² was produced. Urea resin ("Euroid U-755" manufactured by Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, resin solid content 6
5 wt%) and bitumen emulsion (Nichireki manufactured "Asuzoru A", NH ₄ as a solid content 57 wt%), and a curing catalyst
Cl (1 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of resin solids) was mixed and diluted with water to prepare a solution having a resin solids content of 40% by weight and an asphalt solids content of 1.3% by weight. The resin solution is spray-coated on both sides of the oil palm fiber mat by a spray method, and the solid content is 1 to 100 parts by weight of palm fiber.
5 parts by weight of urea resin and 0.5 parts by weight of asphalt as solids were deposited. Next, the above resin solution was applied to a jute cloth having a basis weight of 0.3 g / m ^{2 and} a solid content of 15 parts by weight of urea resin and a solid content of 0.5 parts by weight of asphalt were added to 100 parts by weight of the jute fiber. Was attached. Two oil palm fiber mats to which the resin and asphalt are attached are laminated, and one sheet of jute cloth to which the resin and asphalt are attached is laminated on both sides thereof, and heated and pressed by a press machine at 165 ° C. for 10 minutes. Thereby, a coconut fiber board having a thickness of 9.0 mm and a density of 0.5 g / cm ³ was obtained.

Example 2 A urea resin and an asphalt emulsion, and NH ₄ Cl as a curing catalyst (resin solid content 100
(1 part by weight with respect to 1 part by weight), and diluted with water to prepare a solution having a resin solid content of 40% by weight and an asphalt solid content of 5.3% by weight. Spray on fiber mat and jute cloth,
15 parts by weight of urea resin at a solid content and 2 parts by weight of asphalt at a solid content are attached to 0 part by weight, and two oil palm fiber mats and one jute cloth are laminated on both surfaces thereof, and are pressed by a press machine. By hot pressing at 165 ° C. for 10 minutes, the thickness is 9.0 mm and the density is 0.5.
g / cm ³ of fiberboard was obtained.

Comparative Example 1 A urea resin solution having a resin solid content of 40% by weight (resin solid content was 15 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of coconut fiber, excluding asphalt) was used in Example 1.
In the same manner as above, the oil solution was applied to both sides of an oil palm fiber mat having a basis weight of 1.7 kg / m ² , and then the above resin solution (15 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of jute fiber) was applied to a jute cloth having a basis weight of 0.3 g / m ^2. Applied. Two oil palm fiber mats with resin adhered thereto, one jute cloth on each side thereof, and a hot press under conditions of 165 ° C. for 10 minutes by a press machine, a thickness of 9.0 mm and a density of 0.5
g / cm ³ of fiberboard was obtained.

[Comparative Example 2] Urea resin and wax emulsion ("Mobilcer C" manufactured by Mobil Sekiyu, solid content 4)
4% by weight) and NH ₄ Cl (1 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of resin solids) as a curing catalyst, and diluted with water to obtain 40% by weight of resin solids and 5.3% by weight of wax solids. And a resin solution was sprayed on an oil palm fiber mat and a jute cloth in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain 15 parts by weight of a resin and 2 parts by weight of a solid based on 100 parts by weight of the fiber. Wax is adhered, two oil palm fiber mats and one jute cloth are laminated on both sides thereof, and heated and pressed by a press machine at 165 ° C. for 10 minutes to obtain a thickness of 9.0 mm and a density of 0.5 g. / C
An m ³ fiberboard was obtained.

Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the fiberboards obtained in the above Examples and Comparative Examples.

[0046]

[Table 1]

As shown in Table 1, the results of Example and Comparative Example 1 show that the addition of asphalt significantly increases the water drop retention time and improves the water repellency of the coconut fiber board. Also, from the results of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2, the use of wax increases the water repellent effect, while the strength of the fiberboard tends to decrease, whereas the asphalt does not reduce the strength, It can be seen that the use of asphalt is more preferable because the strength is slightly improved.

[0048]

As described above, according to the present invention,
By laminating a sheet material such as a knitted woven fabric or a nonwoven fabric on the palm fiber mat and, if necessary, the palm fiber mat, attaching a curable resin to them, and attaching asphalt to a fiber board formed by compression molding, the strength and A fiberboard having improved water resistance can be provided without impairing the characteristics of a palm fiberboard having excellent moisture permeability. As described above, the fiberboard of the present invention is excellent in strength and moisture permeability, and has good water resistance. Therefore, the fiberboard between the heat insulating layer and the ventilation layer formed in the outer wall of the wooden house by these fiberboards is used. If a windbreak layer is formed, water vapor in the room can be smoothly transmitted to the ventilation layer, and the heat insulation layer can be stably held. Can be prevented. Further, the use of the fiberboard of the present invention is not limited to the windproof layer as described above, and is excellent in strength, moisture permeability, and waterproofness. For example, an outer wall base material, a floor material, a floor base material, Tatami materials, roof materials, ceiling materials, house interior materials and interior materials, architectural heat insulating materials, rim materials, sound insulation materials, sound absorbing materials, cushioning materials, shock absorbing materials, concrete formwork materials, loading pallets, automobiles It can also be used as a vehicle interior material, interior base material, furniture material and the like. Furthermore, by using oil palm fiber as the palm fiber, in addition to the above-mentioned effects, energy required for production can be reduced, and thus cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing one example of a fiber board according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 fiberboard, 2 fiber mat, 3 hemp cloth (woven fabric).

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A fiberboard obtained by adhering a curable resin and 0.1 to 20 parts by weight of asphalt to 100 parts by weight of coconut fiber to a coconut fiber mat, and compression molding. 2. A curable resin and 0.1 to 20 parts by weight of asphalt based on 100 parts by weight of coconut fiber and a sheet are adhered to a coconut fiber mat and a sheet such as a knitted or nonwoven fabric. A fiber board obtained by laminating the above-mentioned palm fiber mat and a sheet-like material and compression-molding the same. 3. The fiberboard according to claim 1, wherein the coconut fibers are oil palm fibers. 4. A sheet-like material comprising plant fibers.
Or the fiberboard according to 3. 5. The sheet-like material is made of hemp fiber, and has a basis weight of 1
Fiber plate according to any one of claims 2-4 is 00~1200g / m ^2. 6. The thickness is 3 to 25 mm, the bending strength is 3 to 50 N / mm ² , and the moisture permeability is 0.1 to 1
^{0μg / (m 2 · s ·} Pa) at a fiber plate according to any one of claims 1 to 5. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the curable resin is an amino resin.
The fiberboard according to any one of claims 1 to 6. 8. The fiberboard according to claim 7, wherein the amino resin is at least one selected from urea resins, melamine resins, and urea-melamine copolymer resins. 9. The fiberboard according to claim 1, wherein the curable resin is a phenol resin. 10. A fiber mat is formed from coconut fiber, and a curable resin and 0.1 to 20 parts by weight of asphalt per 100 parts by weight of coconut fiber are adhered to the fiber mat and compression-molded. A method for producing a fiberboard comprising: 11. A fiber mat is formed from coconut fiber, and the coconut fiber mat and a sheet material such as a knitted woven fabric or a nonwoven fabric are added with a curable resin, 0.1% based on 100 parts by weight of the coconut fiber and the sheet material. A method for producing a fiberboard, comprising: adhering to 20 parts by weight of asphalt, laminating the coconut fiber mat and a sheet, and compression molding. 12. The method for producing a fiberboard according to claim 10, wherein asphalt is mixed and adhered to the coconut fiber mat and the sheet-like material in a curable resin.