JP4366686B2 - 有機el素子の製造方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 59
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 53
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 44
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 V 2 O 5 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021193 La 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 215
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 92
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 31
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000005394 sealing glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 4
- CWPKTBMRVATCBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[1-[1-[(2-methylphenyl)methyl]piperidin-4-yl]piperidin-4-yl]-1h-benzimidazol-2-one Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1CN1CCC(N2CCC(CC2)N2C(NC3=CC=CC=C32)=O)CC1 CWPKTBMRVATCBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- UHXOHPVVEHBKKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,2-diphenylethenyl)-4-[4-(2,2-diphenylethenyl)phenyl]benzene Chemical compound C=1C=C(C=2C=CC(C=C(C=3C=CC=CC=3)C=3C=CC=CC=3)=CC=2)C=CC=1C=C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 UHXOHPVVEHBKKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzothiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052730 francium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007733 ion plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- BCMCBBGGLRIHSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzoxazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC=NC2=C1 BCMCBBGGLRIHSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001637 1-naphthyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-benzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=NC2=C1 HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QWNCDHYYJATYOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylquinoxaline Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CN=C(C=CC=C2)C2=N1 QWNCDHYYJATYOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DIVZFUBWFAOMCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-n-(3-methylphenyl)-1-n,1-n-bis[4-(n-(3-methylphenyl)anilino)phenyl]-4-n-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)=C1 DIVZFUBWFAOMCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003848 UV Light-Curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000319 biphenyl-4-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C1=C([H])C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XUCJHNOBJLKZNU-UHFFFAOYSA-M dilithium;hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[OH-] XUCJHNOBJLKZNU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006081 fluorescent whitening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heliogen blue Chemical compound [Cu].[N-]1C2=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=NC([N-]1)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2 RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- UHOKSCJSTAHBSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N indanthrone blue Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=C4NC5=C6C(=O)C7=CC=CC=C7C(=O)C6=CC=C5NC4=C3C(=O)C2=C1 UHOKSCJSTAHBSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001512 metal fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[4-(n-naphthalen-1-ylanilino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-phenylnaphthalen-1-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2)C=C1 IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004866 oxadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 1
- CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N peryrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=3C2=C2C=CC=3)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubrene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C1=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C11)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940042055 systemic antimycotics triazole derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000013077 target material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003918 triazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical class O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
有機EL層を構成する各層の材料としては、当技術分野において周知のものを使用することが可能である。例えば、正孔注入層の材料には、フタロシアニン類(銅フタロシアニンなど)またはインダンスレン系化合物などを使用することが可能である。
基板上に、陽極、有機EL層、バリア層、および透明陰極を順次有する有機EL素子を以下の手順に従い作製した。
バリア層の形成時に系中に酸素を導入しながら成膜を実施することを除き、参考例1と同様にして有機EL素子を作製した。すなわち、バリア層の成膜は、酸化リチウム(Li2O)を蒸着材料として使用し、真空槽内圧を1×10−5Paに保持しながら真空蒸着装置内に酸素ガスを導入し、1200℃の温度において2Å/sの蒸着レートで実施し、膜厚20nmとした。得られた酸化リチウム膜をESCAにより分析したところ、かかる酸化リチウム膜は化学量論を満たす組成を有することが分かった。
各種金属酸化膜からなるバリア層を有する有機EL素子を参考例1と同様にして作製した。なお、それぞれの有機EL素子は、各々のバリア層を形成する際に、CaO,La2O3,VOを蒸着材料として使用することを除き、参考例1と同様の手順に従って実施した。バリア層として各種金属酸化膜を成膜した後に、それぞれの金属酸化膜についてESCAを用いて分析したところ、各種金属酸化膜はそれぞれ酸素が欠損した非化学量論組成を有することが分かった。
得られた有機EL素子を大気に暴露させることなくグローブボックス内(酸素濃度および水分濃度ともに数ppm以下)に移動させ、UV硬化接着剤および封止ガラスを用いて封止した。封止した有機EL素子にパルス電圧を印加すること(パルスIVL)によって、電流密度および輝度について測定を行った。結果を表2に示す。
各種金属酸化膜からなるバリア層を有する有機EL素子を比較例1と同様にして作製した。なお、それぞれの有機EL素子の作製は、各々のバリア層を形成する際に、CaO,La2O3,VOを蒸着材料として使用することを除き、比較例1と同様に真空蒸着装置内に酸素ガスを導入しながら成膜を実施した。
バリア層を作製しないことを除き、参考例1と同様にして有機EL素子を作製した。すなわち、ガラス基板上にCrBを100nmの膜厚で成膜し、次いでパターニングを実施し、乾燥処理(150℃)およびUV処理(室温および150℃)を施すことによりCrBからなる陽極を形成した。なお、CrBの成膜は、DCスパッタリング法に従って、室温下、スパッタリングガスとしてArを使用し、300Wのスパッタパワーを印加することにより実施した。
20a 下部電極(透明電極)
20b 反射膜
20c 陽極
30 有機EL層
31 正孔注入層
32 正孔輸送層
33 有機発光層
34 電子輸送層
35 電子注入層
40a 上部電極(金属電極)
40b 上部電極(透明電極)
40c 透明陰極
50 バリア層
Claims (3)
- 基板上に、陽極、少なくとも有機発光層と電子注入層とを含む有機EL層、バリア層、および透明陰極を順次有する有機EL素子の製造方法であって、
前記基板上に陽極を形成する工程と、
前記陽極の上に少なくとも有機発光層と電子注入層とを含む有機EL層を形成する工程と、
前記有機EL層の上にバリア層を形成する工程であって、バリア層として酸素欠損型非化学量論組成の金属酸化物膜を成膜する工程と、
前記バリア層の上に、透明導電性酸化物からなる透明陰極を形成する工程と
を有し、前記金属酸化物が希土類金属酸化物および遷移金属酸化物からなる群から選択され、前記バリア層の形成が、前記金属酸化物を真空蒸着法により系中に酸素を導入することなく蒸着させることによって実施され、前記透明陰極の形成がスパッタ法により実施されることを特徴とする有機EL素子の製造方法。 - 前記金属酸化物が、TiO2,V2O5,ZrO2およびLa2O3からなる群から選択されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の有機EL素子の製造方法。
- 前記バリア層の膜厚が30nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の有機EL素子の製造方法。
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2012111462A1 (ja) | 2011-02-15 | 2012-08-23 | コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子及び照明装置 |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4628690B2 (ja) * | 2004-03-24 | 2011-02-09 | 株式会社 日立ディスプレイズ | 有機発光表示装置 |
US7985966B2 (en) * | 2006-07-19 | 2011-07-26 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Electro-optically active organic diode with short protection |
WO2008010171A2 (en) * | 2006-07-19 | 2008-01-24 | Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh | Highly doped electro-optically active organic diode with short protection layer |
KR100881455B1 (ko) | 2006-08-14 | 2009-02-06 | 주식회사 잉크테크 | 유기전계발광소자 및 이의 제조방법 |
TWI578850B (zh) | 2007-12-28 | 2017-04-11 | 住友化學股份有限公司 | 高分子發光元件、製造方法以及高分子發光顯示裝置 |
US8178870B2 (en) | 2008-04-23 | 2012-05-15 | Panasonic Corporation | Organic electroluminescence element |
JPWO2011040193A1 (ja) * | 2009-09-30 | 2013-02-28 | 株式会社アルバック | 有機el及び有機elの電極形成方法 |
JP2016122694A (ja) * | 2014-12-24 | 2016-07-07 | ソニー株式会社 | 半導体装置、固体撮像装置、および電子機器 |
CN111244317B (zh) * | 2018-11-27 | 2022-06-07 | 海思光电子有限公司 | 一种光发射器件、终端设备 |
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2003
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WO2012111462A1 (ja) | 2011-02-15 | 2012-08-23 | コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子及び照明装置 |
US9368735B2 (en) | 2011-02-15 | 2016-06-14 | Konica Minolta, Inc. | Organic electroluminescence element and illumination device |
US9871222B2 (en) | 2011-02-15 | 2018-01-16 | Konica Minolta, Inc. | Organic electroluminescence element and illumination device |
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