JP4364636B2 - 貯蔵室内、特に自然に存在する媒体内に注入された気体を定量的に観察する方法 - Google Patents
貯蔵室内、特に自然に存在する媒体内に注入された気体を定量的に観察する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 9
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005173 quadrupole mass spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008234 soft water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
- E21B41/005—Waste disposal systems
- E21B41/0057—Disposal of a fluid by injection into a subterranean formation
- E21B41/0064—Carbon dioxide sequestration
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/10—Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements
- E21B47/11—Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements using tracers; using radioactivity
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
- G01N33/241—Earth materials for hydrocarbon content
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/26—Oils; Viscous liquids; Paints; Inks
- G01N33/28—Oils, i.e. hydrocarbon liquids
- G01N33/2823—Raw oil, drilling fluid or polyphasic mixtures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/13—Tracers or tags
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/24—Nuclear magnetic resonance, electron spin resonance or other spin effects or mass spectrometry
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/25—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing including sample preparation
- Y10T436/25875—Gaseous sample or with change of physical state
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Description
− Krooss B.M.(1992):Diffusive Loss of Hydrocarbons through Cap Rocks(帽岩を通じた炭化水素の拡散損失)、Erdol & Kohle-Erdgas-Petrochemie/Hydrocarbon Technology,45,p.387〜396
図1の表は、考察対象の2つの反応種(メタンおよび二酸化炭素)と希ガス類に関し、20℃で1atmの気体状態での軟水に対する溶解度係数、これらの気体種の水中における拡散係数、およびこれらの2つのパラメータの積を示している。これらのパラメータの値は別の温度、圧力、および水相の組成では異なるが、初めに近似計算を行うことによって、これらの変化の度合は考察対象のすべての気体種について同じになり、我々の専らの関心事である気体種間の比率は依然として実質的に同一になるであろう。
メタンまたは二酸化炭素に注入すべき希ガスの割合は、考量された分析精度と、貯蔵場所の周囲の空気および帯水層による汚染に対して行われる事前対策とによって決まる。実際上、空気中のアルゴンの含有量は1%に近く、帯水層も非常に多量のアルゴンを含むため、濃度がより高いトレーサ(ただし、濃度が1%を超えると注入される気体の特性に関して不利になる)を使用するか、あるいは、存在する量がより少ないアルゴンの同位体(36Arまたは38Ar)を使用することが必要になる。クリプトンのトレーシングに関しては、空気中の含有量がはるかに低く(X ppm)、汚染の問題もより少ない。汚染は、同じトレーサガスを含む注入された混合気体が注入媒体と接触することによる、その混合気体に対する希ガスの初期の割合の変化であると理解される。同位体の組成が空気中(または貯蔵に関わる自然に存在する媒体)の同位体の組成とは異なる希ガスを用いたトレーシングの利点は、汚染の問題が起こるのを防止することと、現在のところ利用可能な最も精確な測定方法である同位体の希釈による測定を行うこととの両方が可能になることである。分析方法には、感度と結果の精度を向上させることにより、ガスクロマトグラフィ(同位体は識別せず、化学種にのみ反応する)、四重極分光法(同じ制限があるが、感度はより高い)、または、濃度と存在量の比を正確に計測することが可能な、磁気分析計への試料配管の連結を用いることができる。注入後に化学的に反応した気体の量は、以下の数式で計算することができる。
ここで、Qは反応した気体の量、Tは注入されたトレーサの量、R0は注入時の気体の量とトレーサの量との比、Rはサンプリング作業時の残余気体の量とトレーサの量との比である。誰でも、比Rの測定精度はごく普通に数パーセントのオーダーであると考えることができ、これにより、化学的に反応した気体の量の推定値も同等の精度になる。測定がクロマトグラフィによって行われる場合、TCD検出器を備えた標準のクロマトグラフの感度の限界は約0.1%であるので、注入される二酸化炭素は、1体積分のクリプトンを少なくとも1000体積分の二酸化炭素に対して含んでいなければならない。アルゴンに関して、我々は、自然に存在する媒体内の割合とは異なる割合の同位体を含む混合気体によるトレーシングが不可欠であることを知得している。したがって、クロマトグラフィ分析法(および四重極分光法)は適していない。
本方法は、地下の場所の気体の貯蔵能力を確認するためにその場所を試験することに用いることができる。この場合、細い孔を試験する区域までドリルで穿孔し、気体とトレーサガスとの均質な混合気体を数日から数ヶ月程度の比較的短い時間注入する。注入した混合気体中のトレーサの割合の変化をその混合気体の滞留時間の最後に測定するのに必要なサンプルは、注入孔のバルブを開くことで採取される。
Claims (10)
- 貯蔵室内に注入された、注入媒体と化学的に反応する可能性のある気体を定量的に観察する方法において、
前記気体と、割合が少なく化学的慣性が絶対的なトレーサガスとの混合気体を前記貯蔵室内に注入することと、前記混合気体中の前記トレーサガスの濃度変化を測定することにより、転化によって消滅した可能性のある気体の初期の割合からの経時的変化を求めることとを含むことを特徴とする、貯蔵室内に注入された、注入媒体と化学的に反応する可能性のある気体を定量的に観察する方法。 - 用いる前記トレーサガスは、前記混合気体が前記注入媒体と接触することによって汚染される可能性がなく、かつ水への溶解度または拡散係数などの物理的特性が前記注入された気体の物理的特性に可能な限り近い希ガスであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 用いる前記トレーサガスは、前記混合気体が前記注入媒体と接触することによって汚染される可能性がなく、かつ水への溶解度や拡散係数などの物理的特性が前記注入された気体の物理的特性に可能な限り近い希ガスの同位体であり、前記反応性の気体の初期の割合からの経時的変化を求めることは、前記同位体の希釈による濃度測定を含んでいることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。
- メタンとアルゴンとの混合気体を前記貯蔵室内に注入することを含んでいることを特徴とする、請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 二酸化炭素とキセノンまたはクリプトンとの混合気体を前記貯蔵室内に注入することを含んでいることを特徴とする、請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 反応性の気体の初期の割合からの経時的変化の測定をガスクロマトグラフィによって行うことを特徴とする、請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 反応性の気体の初期の割合からの経時的変化の測定を四重極分光法によって行うことを特徴とする、請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 反応性の気体の初期の割合からの経時的変化の測定を、試料配管を磁気分析計に連結することによって行うことを特徴とする、請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 地中区域の前記気体の貯蔵能力の評価に用いられる、請求項1から8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 気体の貯蔵に用いられている地下の貯蔵室を観察することに用いられる、請求項1から8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0110050A FR2827960B1 (fr) | 2001-07-26 | 2001-07-26 | Methode de suivi quantitatif d'un gaz injecte dans un reservoir notamment dans un milieu naturel |
PCT/FR2002/002643 WO2003010534A2 (fr) | 2001-07-26 | 2002-07-24 | Methode de suivi quantitatif d'un gaz injecte dans un reservoir notamment dans un milieu naturel |
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JP2004536321A JP2004536321A (ja) | 2004-12-02 |
JP4364636B2 true JP4364636B2 (ja) | 2009-11-18 |
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JP2003515854A Expired - Fee Related JP4364636B2 (ja) | 2001-07-26 | 2002-07-24 | 貯蔵室内、特に自然に存在する媒体内に注入された気体を定量的に観察する方法 |
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US (1) | US7588943B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1415150B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4364636B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60239536D1 (ja) |
FR (1) | FR2827960B1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2003010534A2 (ja) |
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RU2008130831A (ru) * | 2006-01-06 | 2010-02-20 | Фрэнк Д. МАНГО (US) | Превращение тяжелых углеводородов в каталитический газ in situ |
US20090151939A1 (en) * | 2007-12-13 | 2009-06-18 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Surface tagging system with wired tubulars |
WO2011140287A1 (en) * | 2010-05-04 | 2011-11-10 | Petroleum Habitats, L.L.C. | Detecting and remedying hydrogen starvation of catalytic hydrocarbon generation reactions in earthen formations |
FR2972758B1 (fr) | 2011-03-14 | 2014-02-07 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Procede de stockage geologique de gaz par analyses geochimiques de gaz rares |
FR2974358B1 (fr) * | 2011-04-21 | 2013-05-03 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Procede de stockage geologique de gaz par analyses geochimiques de gaz rares dans la phase gaz |
CA2853312C (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2019-09-17 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | Method and system for reservoir surveillance utilizing a clumped isotope and/or noble gas data |
CN103487543B (zh) * | 2013-09-17 | 2015-08-05 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | 氪氙原料气中氪气和氙气含量的分析方法 |
FR3013846A1 (fr) | 2013-11-22 | 2015-05-29 | Jacques Degroote | Methode de marquage chimique de lots de dioxyde de carbone en vue d'en assurer la tracabilite |
FR3019582B1 (fr) * | 2014-04-07 | 2016-09-30 | Ifp Energies Now | Procede de surveillance de site d'exploration et d'exploitation d'hydrocarbures non conventionnels |
WO2018208611A1 (en) | 2017-05-08 | 2018-11-15 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | Methods for using isotopic signatures to determine characteristics of hydrocarbon sources |
AU2020280921B2 (en) | 2019-05-22 | 2022-12-22 | Barnard College | A method of abating carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide |
CN110439518B (zh) * | 2019-08-14 | 2020-05-12 | 中国石油大学(华东) | 三元复合驱替效果定量化评价方法 |
CN111927444B (zh) * | 2020-08-31 | 2021-11-23 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | 一种枯竭油气藏储气库注气能力评价方法 |
CN113252507B (zh) * | 2021-04-27 | 2022-03-22 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | 不同埋深水合物藏的扰动与稳定性分析方法 |
GB202213941D0 (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-11-09 | Resman As | System and method of quantifying carbon dioxide storage |
CN116498276A (zh) * | 2023-03-23 | 2023-07-28 | 西南石油大学 | 一种高倾角底水油藏gagd-ccus一体化方法 |
CN117074241B (zh) * | 2023-10-13 | 2024-01-19 | 太原理工大学 | 基于同位素示踪的水分参与煤自燃反应产物含量测量方法 |
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DE60239536D1 (de) | 2011-05-05 |
FR2827960A1 (fr) | 2003-01-31 |
EP1415150A2 (fr) | 2004-05-06 |
US7588943B2 (en) | 2009-09-15 |
FR2827960B1 (fr) | 2004-12-24 |
WO2003010534A2 (fr) | 2003-02-06 |
US20040166582A1 (en) | 2004-08-26 |
EP1415150B1 (fr) | 2011-03-23 |
WO2003010534A3 (fr) | 2004-02-12 |
JP2004536321A (ja) | 2004-12-02 |
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