JP4363132B2 - Permanent magnet motor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a stator having multi-phase (U-phase, V-phase, W-phase) stator windings wound around a stator core and a rotation having N-pole and S-pole permanent magnet poles. The present invention relates to a permanent magnet motor having a child.

  Conventionally, a primary side stator having a multi-phase (U-phase, V-phase, W-phase) stator winding wound around a stator core and N and S permanent magnet poles alternately. There are permanent magnet motors with a secondary rotor arranged. In the permanent magnet motor having such a configuration, the stator core has, for example, a U phase, a U bar phase, a V bar phase, a V phase, a W phase, a W bar phase, a U bar phase, a U phase, and so on. An even-numbered in-phase winding has been proposed which has a plurality of teeth wound continuously in a concentrated manner. In the conventional permanent magnet motor having such a configuration, the windings are wound around all the teeth of the stator core (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2001-145314 A (page 3-4, FIGS. 1 and 6)

  In the conventional permanent magnet motor having such a configuration, windings are wound around all teeth of the stator core. Therefore, a certain slot accommodates one side of each of two windings wound around two adjacent teeth. For this reason, the spacing between adjacent windings in the teeth is narrow. Since the circumferential pitch of each slot is the same over the entire circumference, the spacing between adjacent different-phase windings is as small as the spacing between adjacent in-phase windings. Therefore, for example, when this configuration is applied to a high output motor exceeding 200 V, there is a problem in insulation. On the other hand, it has been desired to reduce the production cost of the permanent magnet motor.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a permanent magnet motor capable of improving insulation performance and reducing cost.

In the permanent magnet motor of the present invention, a stator having a multi-phase winding concentratedly wound around a stator core having an even number of teeth and a rotation having permanent magnet poles arranged at predetermined intervals. The teeth are wound every other winding, and the combination of the number of poles and the number of slots is 10 poles and 12 slots, and the order of the phases of the windings is U Phase, V-bar phase, W-phase, U-bar phase, V-phase, W-bar phase, or a combination of the number of poles and the number of slots is 22 poles and 24 slots, and the order of the phases of the winding is U Phase, U phase, V phase, V phase, W phase, W phase, U bar phase, U bar phase, V bar phase, V bar phase, W bar phase, W bar phase in order and stored in adjacent slots The circumferential dimensions of the teeth with different winding phases are the same as the winding phases stored in adjacent slots. Smaller than the circumferential dimension of the tooth.

In the permanent magnet motor of the present invention, the Te Isu, windings are wound every second, the windings of different phases are arranged at a distance from one another, between adjacent windings of the both the insulation performance is increased by the number of windings is halved, an advantageous effect of reducing the cost. In addition, since the circumferential dimensions of the teeth with different winding phases housed in adjacent slots are smaller than the circumferential dimensions of the same teeth, the magnetic saturation The torque drop due to the is suppressed, and a high output motor can be obtained.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
1 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a permanent magnet motor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The permanent magnet motor 101 of the present embodiment has a primary side stator 2 and a secondary side rotor 3. The primary side stator 2 has a substantially cylindrical primary side stator core 4. On the other hand, the secondary rotor 3 has a substantially cylindrical secondary rotor core 5 surrounded by the primary stator core 4.

  The primary side stator core 4 is provided with a plurality of standing teeth 81 and 82 extending in the center direction. The permanent magnet motor 101 according to the present embodiment is a so-called 12-slot 10-pole permanent magnet motor. The primary stator core 4 is formed by punching 12 slots 9 with a press or the like. Yes. As a result, twelve teeth 81 and 82 are formed between the slots 9. Windings 71 to 76 are intensively wound around every other tooth among the 12 teeth 81 and 82. The teeth 81 are teeth having different winding phases accommodated in adjacent slots 9, and the teeth 82 are teeth having the same winding phase accommodated in adjacent slots 9. Here, the winding being intensively wound means that the winding is wound around one tooth a plurality of times in the same direction.

  A total of ten permanent magnet poles 6a and 6b are arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the secondary rotor core 5 at substantially predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction so as to face the above-described teeth 81 and 82. . These permanent magnet poles (N poles) 6a and (S poles) 6b magnetized to different poles are alternately arranged like N poles, S poles, N poles, S poles, and so on. Has been.

  Of the six windings wound around the teeth 82, the winding 71 is a U-phase winding, the winding 72 is a U-bar phase winding, the winding 73 is a V-phase winding, and the winding 74 is The V-bar phase winding, the winding 75 is the W-phase winding, and the winding 76 is the W-bar phase winding. The teeth 82 wound with the windings are teeth having the same winding phase accommodated in the slots 9 on both sides, and the teeth 81 not wound with the windings are accommodated in the slots 9 on both sides. Teeth with different winding phases. Specifically, the tooth 82 around which the winding 71 is wound is a tooth having the same winding phase (U phase and U phase) stored in the slots 9 on both sides. On the other hand, in FIG. 1, the teeth 81 to which the winding adjacent to the left of the teeth 82 around which the winding 71 is wound is not wound have different phases of the windings housed in the slots 9 on both sides (W bar phase). And U phase) Teeth.

  For comparison, FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of a conventional permanent magnet motor 111 having 12 slots and 10 poles. In FIG. 2, a conventional permanent magnet motor 111 includes a U-phase winding 71, a U-bar phase winding 72, a V-bar phase winding 74, a V-phase winding 73, a W-phase winding 75, Like the W bar phase windings 76,..., An even number (in this example, two) of in-phase windings wound in a concentrated manner are continuously arranged. Here, an even number (two) of in-phase windings are continuous such as U, U bar, V, V bar, W, W bar,. In addition, windings 71 to 76 are wound around all the teeth 83. In the case of the permanent magnet motor 111 configured as described above, the number of the windings 71 to 76 is naturally equal to the number of the teeth 83. In addition, since a part of two different windings is accommodated in each slot 9, the insulation performance is poor, and this insulation is a problem particularly when the voltage exceeds 200V.

  FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of part A of the conventional permanent magnet motor 111 shown in FIG. Here, as indicated by the arrows in the figure, for example, the U-bar phase winding 72 wound around the right tooth in the figure is removed, and around the U-phase winding 71 wound around the center tooth in the figure. Suppose that they are rolled up again. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, a state similar to that in which another U-phase winding 71 is wound around the U-phase winding 71 wound around the center tooth is obtained. Similarly, assume that similar rewinding is performed in the other phases. The permanent magnet motor after rewinding the winding in this way can be driven in the same manner as the one before rewinding.

  Further, in FIG. 4, when two in-phase windings 71 wound around the same tooth 83 are combined into one, the configuration shown in FIG. 5 is obtained. That is, it becomes the same structure as the thing of FIG. In such a configuration, only one winding 71 to 76 is accommodated in one slot 9, and the insulation performance can be significantly improved as compared with the conventional permanent magnet motor shown in FIG. effective. Further, the number of windings becomes half of the number of teeth, and the number of windings in FIG. 1 can be reduced to half that in the case of FIG.

  As described above, the permanent magnet motor 101 of the present embodiment includes a stator 2 having a multi-phase (U-phase, V-phase, W-phase) winding wound around the stator core 1 in a concentrated manner, And a rotor 5 having permanent magnet poles 6a and 6b arranged at intervals. Here, the predetermined interval means that they are arranged at almost equal intervals. The stator core 1 of the stator 2 has a pair of teeth in which an even number of teeth that are excited by a current of the same phase for each phase are continuously arranged. It is formed so as to alternate and repeat in the order of U phase, V phase, and W phase. And every other winding is wound around the teeth. For this reason, windings of different phases are arranged at a distance from each other, and there is an effect that the insulation performance between adjacent windings is enhanced. In addition, the cost can be reduced by halving the number of windings.

  Note that the teeth that are excited by the even-numbered (two) in-phase currents are U, U bar, V, V bar, W, W bar,. Further, in the present embodiment, two teeth excited by the current of the same phase are continuous, but the number is not limited to two and may be an even number.

  Moreover, although the permanent magnet poles 6a and 6b provided in the rotor core 5 of the secondary rotor 3 of the present embodiment are provided on the surface of the rotor core 5, it is not always necessary to provide them on the surface. Instead, it may be of a type that is buried in the rotor core 5.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
6 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a permanent magnet motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The permanent magnet motor 102 according to the present embodiment is a so-called 24-slot 22-pole permanent magnet motor, and the primary stator core 4 has a slot 9 provided for forming the teeth 81 and 82. Twenty-four permanent magnet poles 6a and 6b are disposed on the secondary rotor 3, on the other hand.

  Even in such a combination of the number of poles and the number of slots, the same effect can be obtained by winding the coil in the same manner as in the first embodiment. That is, in this way, in a permanent magnet motor in which an even number of in-phase windings are continuously and intensively wound, a motor can be formed with half the number of teeth and the insulation performance is remarkable. Improvement and cost reduction can be achieved.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a permanent magnet motor according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a characteristic diagram showing how the torque decreases as the current increases, comparing the permanent magnet motor of the first embodiment and the permanent magnet motor of the present embodiment.

  In the first embodiment, the thickness of the wound teeth and the thickness of the non-winded teeth are equal, but in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. The thickness (dimension in the circumferential direction) is thicker than the thickness of the teeth that are not wound. That is, the thickness of the teeth 81 having different winding phases wound on the slots 9 on both sides is thin, and the thickness of the teeth 82 having the same winding phase wound on the slots 9 on both sides is increased.

This embodiment shows a case of 12 slots and 10 poles as an example.
Magnetic flux Φ ₁ interlinking with teeth 81 having different winding phases on both sides is

Is outlined. Therefore, the maximum value of | Φ ₁ |

  In the case of

It becomes. On the other hand, the magnetic flux Φ _{2 in} which the phases of the windings on both sides are linked to the same tooth 82 is almost equal to

And the maximum value of | Φ ₂ |

  In the case of

It becomes.
That is, the maximum value of the amount of magnetic flux interlinked by Φ formed by the winding differs between the tooth 81 having different winding phases on both sides and the tooth 82 having the same winding phase on both sides. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 1 of the first embodiment, when the thickness of the teeth 81 having different winding phases on both sides is equal to the thickness of the teeth 82 having the same winding phases, the winding phases on both sides are different. The teeth 82 having the same winding phase on both sides are more likely to be magnetically saturated than the teeth 81.

  As a result, the torque in the case of FIG. 1 decreases as the current increases as shown by the solid line in FIG. In the permanent magnet motor 103 shown in FIG. 7, the teeth 81 having different winding phases on both sides are made thinner and the teeth 82 having the same winding phases are made thicker. However, the magnetic saturation in the same tooth 82 is relaxed. As a result, the reduction in torque can be reduced as shown by the broken line in FIG.

From the description so far, the value of | Φ _1max | / | Φ _2max | is 0.866, but this does not take the magnetic flux of the magnet into consideration in the equations (1) and (2). Since the magnetic flux of the magnet is actually superimposed, the value of | Φ _1max | / | Φ _2max | varies. Therefore, it is preferable that the ratio of the thickness of the teeth 81 having different winding phases on both sides to the thickness of the teeth 82 having the same winding phases on both sides is set to 0.5 to 0.9.

  In the permanent magnet motor having such a configuration, the circumferential dimensions of the teeth 81 having different winding phases stored in adjacent slots 9 where the winding is not wound are adjacent to each other. 9 is smaller than the circumferential dimension of the same tooth 82, a reduction in torque due to magnetic flux saturation is suppressed, and a high-output motor can be obtained.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a permanent magnet motor according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. In the present embodiment, in the 24-slot 22-pole permanent magnet motor 104, the teeth 81 having different winding phases on both sides are made thinner and the teeth 82 having the same winding phases are made thicker, so that the high output can be obtained. It is a motor. Even in such a permanent magnet motor having a combination of the number of poles and the number of slots, the same effect can be obtained with the same tooth thickness as in the third embodiment.

Embodiment 5 FIG.
FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a permanent magnet motor according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. The permanent magnet motor 105 of the present embodiment is an improvement for increasing the magnetic flux linked to the teeth 83 around which the winding is wound, compared to the 12 slot 10 pole permanent magnet motor 101 of the first embodiment. Is given.

  In the present embodiment, the interval between the center lines of the slot opening 99 formed on both sides in the circumferential direction of the teeth 83 around which the windings are wound is large, and the teeth 84 where the windings are not wound are formed. The distance between the center lines of the slot opening 99 formed on both sides in the circumferential direction is reduced.

Specifically, in a tooth having a T-shaped cross section, an extension extending in a circumferential direction from both sides of the top of the tooth is long with respect to the tooth 83 around which the winding is wound, and the winding is wound. The teeth 84 that are not used are shortened to adjust the interval between the slot openings 99.
By setting it as such a structure, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet linked to the teeth 83 can be enlarged. This will be described below.

  As a coefficient indicating how much of the total magnetic flux of the permanent magnet can be linked to the teeth 83, there is a short-winding coefficient. If this short-pitch winding coefficient is increased, a high output motor can be obtained.

  FIG. 11 is a characteristic diagram showing the positional relationship between the tooth 83 around which the winding is wound and the air gap magnetic flux density distribution (magnetic flux density) formed by the permanent magnet in the 12 slot 10 pole permanent magnet motor shown in FIG. . The sine curve described in the center of FIG. 11 represents the size of the gap magnetic flux density distribution (magnetic flux density) formed by the permanent magnet poles 6a and 6b (FIG. 10). One cycle of this sine curve will be described as 2π [rad]. That is, the electrical angle formed by the two permanent magnets of the S-pole permanent magnet pole 6a and the N-pole permanent magnet pole is 2π [rad]. The interval between the slot opening 99 centerlines formed on both sides of the teeth 83 will be described as β [rad].

  The amount of magnetic flux interlinked with the teeth 83 is maximized when the center of the teeth 83 and the apex of the sine curve coincide with each other in the circumferential direction as shown in FIG. The amount of magnetic flux at this time is proportional to the integral value of the sine curves surrounded by the mutual centerlines of the slot opening 99 formed on both sides of the tooth 83, that is, the area of the portion indicated by hatching in FIG. When the interval between the slot opening 99 centerlines is β [rad], the maximum value Φmax of the magnetic flux amount is

It is. On the other hand, the total magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet is

It is. That is, when the interval between the center lines of the slot opening 99 is β [rad], the teeth 83 are linked only with a magnetic flux amount that is sin (β / 2) times out of the total magnetic flux amount generated by the permanent magnet. Means. In order to obtain a large torque characteristic, it is desirable to make sin (β / 2) close to 1. This “sin (β / 2)” is a value generally called a short-pitch winding coefficient.

  FIG. 12 shows the relationship between the distance between the slot opening 99 centerlines formed on both sides of the teeth 83 around which the winding is wound and the short-pitch winding coefficient. The short turn winding coefficient is maximized when the interval between the slot opening 99 is π [rad]. That is, this is a case where the center lines of the slot opening 99 shown by dotted lines in FIG.

  In the case of the 12-slot 10-pole permanent magnet motor according to the first embodiment, the intervals between the slot openings 99 are all equal in electrical angle (5/6) π [rad]. When the interval is made larger than this, the short-pitch winding coefficient becomes larger. However, as is apparent from FIG. 12, when this interval is made larger than (7/6) π [rad], the short-pitch winding coefficient is conversely reduced.

  Therefore, in the case of a 12-slot 10-pole permanent magnet motor, the interval between the slot opening 99 on both sides of the teeth 83 around which the winding is wound is set to (5/6) π to (7/6) π. [Rad], and the slot opening 99 on both sides of the teeth 84 on which the winding is not wound is set between (5/6) π to (3/6) π [rad]. If configured, the short-pitch winding coefficient can be made larger than that of the first embodiment, and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet interlinked with the teeth 83 around which the winding is wound can be increased. Thereby, a high output motor can be obtained.

Embodiment 6 FIG.
13 is a sectional view showing a permanent magnet motor according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. The permanent magnet motor 106 according to the present embodiment is the same as the permanent magnet motor 103 according to the third embodiment except that the spacing between the slot opening 99 center lines formed on both sides in the circumferential direction of the tooth 83 around which the winding is wound is This is larger than the distance between the center lines of the slot opening 99 formed on both sides in the circumferential direction of the teeth 84 where no winding is wound. Even in the permanent magnet motor having such a configuration, the short-pitch winding coefficient can be increased, and a high output motor can be obtained as in the fifth embodiment.

Embodiment 7 FIG.
14 is a sectional view showing a permanent magnet motor according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. The permanent magnet motor 107 of the present embodiment is the same as that of the 24-slot 22-pole permanent magnet motor 102 of the second embodiment, except that the slot opening 99 centerlines are formed on both sides in the circumferential direction of the teeth 83 around which the windings are wound. The interval between them is larger than the interval between the slot opening 99 centerlines formed on both sides in the circumferential direction of the teeth 84 around which the winding is not wound.

  The permanent magnet motor with 24 slots and 22 poles has an electrical angle of (11/12) π [rad] when the intervals of the slot opening 99 are equal to each other. Therefore, the interval between the center lines of the slot opening 99 on both sides of the teeth 83 around which the winding is wound is configured between (11/12) π to (13/12) π [rad]. If the interval between the center lines of the slot opening 99 on both sides of the teeth 84 around which the wire is not wound is configured to be between (11/12) π and (9/12) π [rad], then that of the second embodiment Also, the short winding coefficient can be increased, and the magnetic flux of the magnet interlinked with the teeth 83 around which the winding is wound can be increased. Even in the permanent magnet motor having such a configuration, the short-pitch winding coefficient can be increased, and a high output motor can be obtained as in the fifth embodiment.

Embodiment 8 FIG.
15 is a sectional view showing a permanent magnet motor according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. The permanent magnet motor 108 of the present embodiment is the same as that of the 24-slot 22-pole permanent magnet motor 104 of the fourth embodiment, except that the slot opening 99 centerlines are formed on both sides in the circumferential direction of the teeth 83 around which the windings are wound. The interval between them is larger than the interval between the slot opening 99 centerlines formed on both sides in the circumferential direction of the teeth 84 around which the winding is not wound. Even in the permanent magnet motor having such a configuration, the short-pitch winding coefficient can be increased, and a high-output motor can be obtained as in the seventh embodiment.

The permanent magnet motor of the present invention can be used for various applications as a permanent magnet motor that can reduce costs and has high insulation performance between windings.

It is sectional drawing which shows the permanent magnet motor of Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the conventional permanent magnet motor shown for a comparison. It is an enlarged view of the A section of the conventional permanent magnet motor shown in FIG. Also in the permanent magnet motor of the present invention, it is an enlarged view of a main part for explaining that it is driven in the same manner as a conventional one. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional area for explaining that the same configuration as the permanent magnet motor shown in FIG. 1 is obtained as a result of rewinding the predetermined winding. It is sectional drawing which shows the permanent magnet motor of Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the permanent magnet motor of Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a characteristic view which shows a mode that the torque accompanying the increase in an electric current is compared with the permanent magnet motor of Embodiment 1, and the permanent magnet motor of this Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the permanent magnet motor of Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the permanent magnet motor of Embodiment 5 of this invention. In the permanent magnet motor shown in FIG. 10, it is a characteristic view which shows the positional relationship of the tooth | gear in which the coil | winding is wound, and the space | gap magnetic flux density distribution (magnetic flux density) which a permanent magnet forms. It is a characteristic view which shows the relationship between the space | interval between the slot openings formed in the both sides of the teeth around which the coil | winding is wound, and a short-pitch winding coefficient. It is sectional drawing which shows the permanent magnet motor of Embodiment 6 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the permanent magnet motor of Embodiment 7 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the permanent magnet motor of Embodiment 8 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  2 Primary stator, 3 Secondary rotor, 4 Primary stator core, 5 Secondary rotor core, 6a, 6b Permanent magnet pole, 9 slots, 71-76 windings, 81, 82 teeth, 99 Stat opening, 101-108 permanent magnet motor.

Claims (4)

A stator having a multi-phase winding concentratedly wound around a stator core having an even number of teeth, and a rotor having permanent magnet poles arranged at predetermined intervals; In the permanent magnet motor in which every other winding is wound,
What combination 10 poles and 12 slots der the number of clicks and slots poles, the order of pre Kimakisen phases, U phase, V bar phase, W-phase, U-bar phase, V-phase, in the order of W bar phase There, the phase of the stored in the adjacent slot windings of different such Rute Isu circumferential dimension, that the phase of coils placed adjacent Ri fit slot is smaller than the circumferential dimension of the same te Isu A feature of permanent magnet motor. The ratio of the circumferential dimension of the teeth with different phases of the windings housed in the adjacent slots to the circumferential dimension of the teeth having the same winding phase housed in the adjacent slots is 0.5 to 0.9. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet motor is within the range. A stator having a multi-phase winding concentratedly wound around a stator core having an even number of teeth, and a rotor having permanent magnet poles arranged at predetermined intervals; In the permanent magnet motor in which every other winding is wound,
What combination 22-pole 24-slot der the number of clicks and the slot poles, the order of pre Kimakisen phase, U-phase, U-phase, V-phase, V-phase, W-phase, W-phase, U-bar phase, U bar-phase, V-bar phase, V bar phase, W bar phase, a sequence of W bar phase, the circumferential dimension of the phase stored in the adjacent slot windings differ a ruthenate Isu is next Ri fit slot permanent magnet motor phase storage windings being less than the circumferential dimension of the same te Isu. Distance between circumferentially formed on both sides slot opening centerline mutual te Isu the winding is wound, the slot opening centerline the windings are formed on both circumferential sides of the iterator Isu such wound permanent magnet motor according to claim 1 or 3, wherein greater than the spacing between each other.

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