JP2010081670A - Alternating current generator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an alternating current generator wherein the space factor of a winding in a stator is effectively enhanced, and generation efficiency and production efficiency are also enhanced. <P>SOLUTION: The alternating current generator 1 has: a rotor 2 formed by alternately arranging multiple north-pole magnetic field formation portions 22N and south-pole magnetic field formation portions 22S in the circumferential direction C; and a stator 3 formed by arranging multiple poles 4 for magnetic field alternation in the circumferential direction C. The north-pole magnetic field formation portions 22N and the south-pole magnetic field formation portions 22S are alternately placed opposite to each pole 4 for magnetic field alternation and single-phase alternating current power generation is thereby achieved. The poles 4 for magnetic field alternation are configured by alternately forming a winding pole 4A and a no-winding pole 4B one by one. The winding pole 4A is obtained by winding a winding 51 on one of multiple poles 32 formed on the stator core 31 comprising the stator 3 in the circumferential direction C. The no-winding pole 4B does not have a winding 51 wound thereon. The winding poles 4A are all formed by winding a winding 51 in the same winding direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a single-phase magnet generator configured to generate single-phase AC power.

  The magnet generator has a rotor configured by arranging a plurality of N-pole and S-pole permanent magnets alternately in the circumferential direction, and a stator configured by arranging a plurality of poles wound with windings in the circumferential direction. is doing. For example, when the rotor is rotated by receiving a rotational driving force from an engine or the like, a magnetic field generated by an N-pole permanent magnet and a magnetic field generated by an S-pole permanent magnet are alternately and alternately arranged with respect to a plurality of poles. As a result, AC voltage is generated in the winding wound around the plurality of poles.

  For example, in the permanent magnet motor of Patent Document 1, the stator teeth (poles) are divided into three groups, and in each group, the width of the three teeth with continuous pitches between the tooth openings is widened. The width of the remaining one tooth is narrowed. The teeth formed at a wide pitch are wound so that the polarities of adjacent teeth are different, and the teeth formed at a narrow pitch are not wound. Further, a three-phase winding is formed as a whole by applying a winding for one phase to each group. According to this, while reducing the usage amount of a copper wire, the permanent magnet electric motor which increased torque and improved efficiency can be obtained.

  Further, for example, in the stator of the magnetic generator of Patent Document 2, the first winding is wound around each pole with one pole skipped in the same winding direction, and the second winding is wound with each pole with one pole skipped. The first winding is wound in a winding direction opposite to the winding direction. According to this, the external lead wire can be short, and the work of connecting the external lead wire and the winding to the terminal can be facilitated.

JP 2001-245460 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-261159

  However, in the above conventional stator, the winding is wound around each pole. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an air gap (gap) having a predetermined width between the poles on which the winding is performed in order to prevent the windings from contacting each other. Also, ensure that there is a space between the poles for the connecting wires connecting the windings wound around each pole, or that the windings always end at the position on the inner circumference side of the pole. It was necessary to devise a way to pass the crossover from the position on the inner circumference side to the position on the inner circumference side of the next pole. For these reasons, it is difficult to improve the space factor (line area ratio) of the winding in the stator depending on the conventional winding method, and the power generation efficiency cannot be effectively improved.

  The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and an AC generator that can effectively improve the space factor of the windings in the stator and can improve power generation efficiency and production efficiency. It is something to be offered.

The present invention includes a rotor in which a plurality of N-pole magnetic field forming portions and S-pole magnetic field forming portions are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and a stator in which a plurality of magnetic field alternating poles are arranged in the circumferential direction. ,
An alternating current configured to perform single-phase or multiple-phase alternating current power generation by alternately arranging the N-pole magnetic field forming section and the S-pole magnetic field forming section with respect to each magnetic field alternating pole. In the generator,
The plurality of magnetic field alternating poles include a winding pole in which a winding is wound and a non-winding pole in which a winding is not wound with respect to the pole formed in the circumferential direction of the stator core constituting the stator. Are formed alternately one by one,
The plurality of winding poles are in an AC generator characterized by being formed by winding the windings in the same winding direction.

The alternating current generator of the present invention alternates the magnetic field of N pole or S pole with respect to each magnetic field alternating pole, and can improve the occupation ratio of the winding in the stator.
Specifically, the plurality of magnetic field alternating poles were formed by alternately forming a plurality of winding poles each having a winding wound thereon and a non-winding pole having no winding wound thereon. In addition, the winding directions of the plurality of winding poles are all the same.

  No winding is wound around each non-winding pole adjacent to each winding pole. Thereby, the winding wound around the winding pole can be arranged as much as possible in the slot between the poles. And the air gap (gap) formed between the winding in the winding pole and the non-winding pole can be made as small as possible. Therefore, the space factor of the winding in the stator can be effectively improved.

Further, when the N-pole or S-pole magnetic field forming unit alternates with respect to each winding pole and each non-winding pole, a magnetic path is formed that passes from the winding pole through the non-winding pole and returns to the winding pole. The Therefore, even if the winding is not performed on the non-winding pole, the power generation output performance is equivalent to the case where the winding direction of the windings in the adjacent poles is reversed and the winding is performed on the entire pole. The slot width can be increased or a thick winding (copper wire or the like) can be wound as much as the space factor of the winding is improved, and the power generation efficiency can be improved.
Furthermore, the windings can be wound in the same winding direction in each winding pole. Thereby, winding of the winding around each winding pole is easy, and the production efficiency of the stator can be improved.

  Therefore, according to the AC generator of the present invention, the space factor of the winding in the stator can be effectively improved, and the power generation efficiency and the production efficiency can be improved.

A preferred embodiment of the present invention described above will be described.
In the present invention, the AC generator is of an outer rotor type in which the rotor is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the stator, and the pole formed on the stator core has a periphery of a base end portion on a radially inner peripheral side. It has a trapezoidal shape with the smallest directional width and the largest circumferential width at the distal end on the radially outer peripheral side, and a pair of circumferential side walls parallel to each other. Parallel slots are formed, and the winding poles can be formed by arranging windings in parallel with a pair of circumferential side walls in the parallel slots.
In this case, the space factor of the windings can be effectively improved, and an outer rotor type stator excellent in power generation efficiency and production efficiency can be easily formed. Moreover, the cross-sectional area of the pole can be increased (the cross-sectional area can be increased by increasing the circumferential width of the tip portion), and the iron loss can be reduced to improve the power generation efficiency. .
In each parallel slot, the windings can be arranged side by side in a rectangular shape.

The AC generator is of an inner rotor type in which the rotor is disposed on the inner peripheral side of the stator, and the pole formed on the stator core has a circumferential width at a base end portion on a radially outer peripheral side. Has a trapezoidal shape in which the distal end portion on the radially inner peripheral side has the smallest circumferential width, and a pair of circumferential sidewalls parallel to each other are provided between the poles. A slot is formed, and the winding pole can be formed by arranging a winding in parallel with a pair of circumferential side walls in the parallel slot.
In this case, the space factor of the winding can be effectively improved, and an inner rotor type stator excellent in power generation efficiency and production efficiency can be easily formed. Moreover, the cross-sectional area of the pole can be increased (the cross-sectional area can be increased by increasing the circumferential width of the base end portion), and the iron loss can be reduced to improve the power generation efficiency. it can.
In each parallel slot, the windings can be arranged side by side in a rectangular shape.

Moreover, it is preferable that the gap formed between the winding in the winding pole and the non-winding pole is smaller than the diameter of the winding in the winding pole.
In this case, the air gap (gap) between the winding in each winding pole and each non-winding pole can be made as small as possible to further improve the power generation efficiency.

The N-pole magnetic field forming section and the S-pole magnetic field forming section are each composed of a permanent magnet, and in the stator, one winding is continuously wound around the plurality of winding poles. A single-phase coil is formed, and the one winding crosses between adjacent winding poles via the unwinding pole, and a single-phase magnet type AC generator is connected by an AC generator. Preferably, it is formed (claim 5).
In this case, the structure of the rotor can be simplified by forming the N-pole and S-pole magnetic field forming portions with permanent magnets.

In addition, by configuring a single-phase AC generator, it is possible to continuously perform the winding of the entire stator with one winding, and to further improve the production efficiency of the stator.
In addition to forming a single-phase coil, a multi-phase coil can be formed on the stator. For example, a three-phase coil can be formed on the stator by winding a winding around each winding pole with three continuous windings.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the AC generator according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Example 1
As shown in FIG. 2, the AC generator 1 of this example includes a rotor 2 in which a plurality of N-pole magnetic field forming portions 22N and S-pole magnetic field forming portions 22S are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction C, and a magnetic field alternation. And a stator 3 having a plurality of poles 4 arranged in the circumferential direction C. Further, the AC generator 1 is configured to generate single-phase AC power generation by alternately arranging N-pole magnetic field forming portions 22N and S-pole magnetic field forming portions 22S with respect to each magnetic field alternating pole 4. Configured to do.
As shown in FIG. 3, the plurality of magnetic field alternating poles 4 include a winding pole 4 </ b> A in which a winding 51 is wound around a plurality of poles 32 formed in the circumferential direction C of the stator core 31 constituting the stator 3. A plurality of unwinding poles 4B around which the wire 51 is not wound are formed alternately one by one. The plurality of winding poles 4A are formed by winding the winding 51 in the same winding direction T1.

Below, it demonstrates in full detail with reference to FIGS. 1-5 about the alternating current generator 1 of this example.
As shown in FIG. 1, the alternator 1 of the present example generates power by receiving the rotation of the crankshaft 7 of the engine of a vehicle (two-wheeled vehicle in this example), and charges the battery with the generated power. Used to turn on lamps. The electric power generated by the AC generator 1 of this example can be used to drive an electric fuel pump for supplying pressurized fuel to a cylinder in the engine.
Further, the AC generator 1 of this example is of an outer rotor type in which the rotor 2 is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the stator 3. The rotor 2 of this example is connected to the crankshaft 7 of the engine. The stator 33 is fixed to the housing 10 attached to the engine or the like.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the stator 3 of this example is configured by arranging a single-phase coil 5 with a winding 51 on a stator core 31 formed by laminating a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates in the axial direction L. The single-phase coil 5 is formed by winding a single winding 51 continuously.
Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the pole 32 formed on the stator core 31 of this example has the smallest width in the circumferential direction C of the base end portion 321 on the radially inner peripheral side and the tip end portion 322 on the radially outer peripheral side. It has a trapezoidal shape with the largest width in the circumferential direction C. A parallel slot 33 having a pair of circumferential side walls in the circumferential direction C is formed between the poles 32, and the winding pole 4 </ b> A is formed on the pair of circumferential side walls C in the parallel slot 33. In parallel, the windings 51 are arranged in a rectangular shape.

In the stator 3 of this example, the air gap formed between the winding 51 and the non-winding pole 4B in the winding pole 4A is made as small as possible. That is, in the stator 3 of this example, the gap S formed between the winding 51 and the non-winding pole 4B in the winding pole 4A is made smaller than the diameter of the winding 51 in the winding pole 4A. is there.
The stator core 31 is formed by an iron core portion 311 formed by laminating a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates, and an insulating covering portion 312 that covers the surface of the iron core portion 311 (the surface on which the winding 51 is wound). It is.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the rotor 2 of this example, the N-pole magnetic field forming portion 22N and the S-pole magnetic field forming portion 22S are each made of a permanent magnet. The rotor 2 is configured by alternately and repeatedly arranging the same number of N-pole magnetic field forming portions 22N and S-pole magnetic field forming portions 22S on the inner peripheral side of a cylindrical yoke 21 made of a soft magnetic material. .
In the stator 3, a single-phase coil 5 is formed by continuously winding a single winding 51 made of an enameled wire having an insulating coating around a plurality of winding poles 4 </ b> A. One winding 51 crosses between adjacent winding poles 4A via a non-winding pole 4B. Moreover, the AC generator 1 of this example constitutes a single-phase magnet type AC generator.

In the rotor 2 of this example, N-pole magnetic field forming portions 22N and S-pole magnetic field forming portions 22S are alternately and repeatedly formed at the same pitch in the circumferential direction C. The number of poles of the rotor 2 in this example is 18, and nine N and S magnetic field forming portions 22N and 22S are formed.
The number of poles of the rotor 2 can be, for example, 8 poles, 12 poles, 14 poles, 16 poles, 20 poles, 22 poles, and 24 poles in addition to 18 poles.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, in the stator 3 of this example, magnetic field alternating poles 4 are repeatedly formed at the same pitch in the circumferential direction C. That is, the formation pitch in the circumferential direction C is the same between the winding pole 4A and the non-winding pole 4B.
Further, the total number of poles (18 poles in this example), which is the sum of the number of winding poles 4A and the number of unwinding poles 4B, is equal to the number of N pole magnetic field forming portions 22N and the number of S pole magnetic field forming portions 22S. It is the same as the number of poles of the rotor 2 combined with the number (18 poles in this example).

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the winding 51 wound around each winding pole 4 </ b> A starts to be wound from the proximal end portion 321 on the radially inner peripheral side to the distal end portion 322. Winding is performed by reciprocating to and from the end portion 321, and the winding is finished at the tip end portion 322, and is passed to the next winding pole 4 </ b> A. In each winding pole 4A, a winding layer wound from the proximal end portion 321 toward the distal end portion 322 and a winding layer wound from the distal end portion 322 toward the proximal end portion 321 are alternately stacked. Thus, a winding 51 is formed. Further, each unwinding pole 4B crosses a connecting wire 52 which is a part of the winding 51 extending from the distal end 322 of the winding pole 4A to the proximal end 321 of the next winding pole 4A. In FIG. 3, reference numerals 501 and 502 denote the leading and ending lead wires of the winding 51 wound around each winding pole 4A.

The alternator 1 of this example alternates the magnetic field of N pole or S pole with respect to each magnetic field alternating pole 4, and can improve the occupation ratio of the winding 51 in the stator 3. is there.
Specifically, the plurality of magnetic field alternating poles 4 are alternately formed with a plurality of winding poles 4A around which the windings 51 are wound and unwinding poles 4B around which the windings 51 are not wound. And configured. Further, the winding directions T1 of the windings 51 in the plurality of winding poles 4A are all the same.

  A winding 51 is not wound around each unwinding pole 4B adjacent to each winding pole 4A. Thereby, the winding 51 wound around the winding pole 4A can be arranged in the entire slot 33 between the poles 32 without forming the gap S as much as possible. The air gap (gap) S formed between the winding 51 and the non-winding pole 4B in the winding pole 4A can be made as small as possible. Therefore, the space factor of the winding 51 in the stator 3 can be effectively improved.

Further, when the N pole magnetic field forming portion 22N or the S pole magnetic field forming portion 22S alternates with respect to each winding pole 4A and each unwinding pole 4B, the winding pole 4A passes through the unwinding pole 4B. A magnetic path G returning to the winding pole 4A is formed (see FIG. 4). Therefore, even if the winding 51 is not performed on the unwinding pole 4B, the winding direction of the winding 51 in the poles 32 adjacent to each other is reversed and compared with the case where the winding 51 is performed on the entire pole 32. The same power output performance. Further, since the space factor of the winding 51 is improved, the width of the slot 33 in the circumferential direction C can be increased, or a thick winding 51 (copper wire or the like) can be wound, so that power generation efficiency is improved. be able to.
Furthermore, in each winding pole 4A of this example, the winding 51 can be wound in the same winding direction T1. Thereby, the winding 51 can be easily wound around each winding pole 4A, and the production efficiency of the stator 3 can be improved.

  Therefore, according to the AC generator 1 of this example, the space factor of the winding 51 in the stator 3 can be effectively improved, and the power generation efficiency and the production efficiency can be improved.

In addition to forming the single-phase coil 5 on the stator 3, for example, a three-phase coil can be formed as shown in FIG. In this case, one continuous winding is used for each of the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase coils, and the windings for each phase are wound by three-phase windings by skipping each unwinding pole 4B. The wire poles 4U, 4V, and 4W can be wound respectively. In the figure, the arrangement of the coils of each phase is simply indicated by symbols U, V, and W.
Each magnetic field alternating pole 4 in the stator 3 includes a U-phase winding pole 4U, an unwinding pole 4B, a V-phase winding pole 4V, an unwinding pole 4B, a W-phase winding pole 4W, and an unwinding It can be repeatedly formed in the order of the pole 4B. In the drawing, an example in which the number of poles of the stator 3 is 18 is shown, but the number of poles of the stator 3 can be various pole numbers that are multiples of six.

(Example 2)
In this example, the AC generator 1 is an inner rotor type in which the rotor 2 is disposed on the inner peripheral side of the stator 3.
As shown in FIG. 6, the pole 32X formed on the stator core 31 of the present example protrudes toward the radially inner periphery, the width in the circumferential direction C of the proximal end portion 321X on the radially outer periphery is the largest, and the radial direction The tip portion 322X on the inner peripheral side has a trapezoidal shape with the smallest width in the circumferential direction C. A parallel slot 33X having a pair of circumferential C side walls parallel to each other is formed between the poles 32X, and the winding pole 4A is formed on the pair of circumferential C side walls of the parallel slot 33X. In parallel, the windings 51 are arranged in a rectangular shape.

As shown in this example, even when the AC generator 1 is an inner rotor type, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.
Also in this example, other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.

Sectional explanatory drawing which shows the whole AC generator in Example 1. FIG. Explanatory drawing shown in the state which looked at the alternating current generator in Example 1 from the axial direction. Explanatory drawing which shows the stator in Example 1 in the state seen from the axial direction. Explanatory drawing which expands and shows the formation state of the magnetic field alternating pole in Example 1. FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows the other stator in Example 1 simply. Explanatory drawing which shows the stator in Example 2 in the state seen from the axial direction.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 AC generator 2 Rotor 22N N pole magnetic field formation part 22S S pole magnetic field formation part 3 Stator 31 Stator core 32 Pole 33 Slot 4 Magnetic field alternating pole 4A Winding pole 4B Unwinding pole 5 Coil 51 Winding 52 Crossing S clearance

Claims (5)

A rotor having a plurality of N pole magnetic field forming portions and a S pole magnetic field forming portion alternately arranged in the circumferential direction; and a stator having a plurality of magnetic field alternating poles arranged in the circumferential direction;
An alternating current configured to perform single-phase or multiple-phase alternating current power generation by alternately arranging the N-pole magnetic field forming section and the S-pole magnetic field forming section with respect to each magnetic field alternating pole. In the generator,
The plurality of magnetic field alternating poles include a winding pole in which a winding is wound and a non-winding pole in which a winding is not wound with respect to the pole formed in the circumferential direction of the stator core constituting the stator. Are formed alternately one by one,
The AC power generator characterized in that the plurality of winding poles are formed by winding the windings in the same winding direction. In Claim 1, the AC generator is of an outer rotor type in which the rotor is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the stator,
The pole formed on the stator core has a trapezoidal shape in which the circumferential width of the proximal end on the radially inner peripheral side is the smallest and the circumferential width of the distal end on the radially outer circumferential side is the largest. ,
Between the poles, a parallel slot with a pair of circumferential side walls parallel to each other is formed,
The winding pole is formed by arranging windings in parallel with a pair of circumferential side walls in the parallel slot. In claim 1, the AC generator is of an inner rotor type in which the rotor is disposed on the inner peripheral side of the stator,
The pole formed on the stator core has a trapezoidal shape in which the circumferential width of the proximal end portion on the radially outer peripheral side is the largest and the circumferential width of the distal end portion on the radially inner circumferential side is the smallest. ,
Between the poles, a parallel slot with a pair of circumferential side walls parallel to each other is formed,
The winding pole is formed by arranging windings in parallel with a pair of circumferential side walls in the parallel slot.   The gap formed between the winding in the winding pole and the non-winding pole in any one of claims 1 to 3 is smaller than the diameter of the winding in the winding pole. AC generator characterized by that. In any one of Claims 1-4, the said N pole magnetic field formation part and the said S pole magnetic field formation part consist of permanent magnets, respectively.
In the stator, a single-phase coil is formed by continuously winding one winding around the plurality of winding poles. Between adjacent winding poles,
An AC generator characterized by forming a single-phase magnet type AC generator.

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