JP4359293B2 - Glass bottle inspection equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a glass bottle inspection apparatus used to determine whether a product is good or bad in a glass bottle manufacturing process.

  In general, the inspection of glass bottles for good / bad is as follows: bottle-top off-level, heaven wave (warp), heaven (dip), bottle height (over height), bottle height small (under height) ), Inspection of verticality, baffle mark position, bottom chip, and the like.

In the conventional inspection method, while rotating the glass bottle around the bottle axis, the light from the projector is applied to the bottle mouth of the glass bottle, the reflected light is received by the light receiver, and the quality of the glass bottle is determined based on the reflected light quantity. A determination method (see, for example, Patent Document 1) is common.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-42883

  However, in the conventional configuration, there is a problem that whether the glass bottle is good or bad depends on the state of the bottle mouth and is difficult to use in a high-speed production line.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a glass bottle inspection apparatus capable of inspecting a glass bottle at high speed and with high accuracy.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, a rotation drive unit that rotates the glass bottle around the bottle axis, and an imaging light irradiated to the glass bottle from an external light source is received by a line sensor, and a direction perpendicular to the bottle axis is a viewpoint. An imaging unit that captures an image of the glass bottle, and a measurement unit that measures the shape of the glass bottle based on the image, and the measurement unit includes at least four heights on the peripheral edge of the bottle mouth based on the image. The remaining height is calculated based on the heights of the three locations, and the difference between this calculated value and the measured value of the remaining height is detected. A section whose value is greater than or equal to a predetermined angle is detected as a standing defect .

In this case, a lens for condensing the imaging light on the light receiving surface of the line sensor is provided, arranged in an optical path between the light source and the lens, and reflects the imaging light from the glass bottle. You may provide the reflecting plate arrange | positioned so that the optical path of the said imaging light may be bent and it may guide to the said lens side.

  According to the present invention, a glass bottle can be inspected at high speed and with high accuracy, and as a result, manufacturing efficiency can be improved.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a schematic configuration of a glass bottle inspection apparatus. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration explanatory diagram of an inspection unit of the glass bottle inspection apparatus.

  The glass bottle inspection device 10 includes a slide plate 11 that guides the bottle bottom of the glass bottle 12. A hole 14 is formed in the guide surface of the slide plate 11, and a pair of rollers 15 face the hole 14 from below. The bottle bottom of the glass bottle 12 is rotatably supported by the roller 15.

  When the glass bottle 12 is guided on the guide surface of the slide plate 11, the glass bottle 12 is held between the pair of free rollers 16 </ b> A and 16 </ b> B and the drive wheel 17. It is rotated.

  In parallel with this, the bottle port 12A of the glass bottle 12 is irradiated with the first imaging light L1 from the plurality of first light sources 21 constituting the upper inspection unit 20.

  The first imaging light L1 emitted from the first light source 21 is reflected by the peripheral edge of the bottle mouth 12A of the glass bottle 12, and is similarly inspected through the reflection mirror 22 and the condenser lens 23 constituting the upper inspection unit 20. The light is condensed on the light receiving surface of the corresponding line sensor 24 constituting the unit 20. The output signal of the line sensor 24 is output to the inspection apparatus main body 30.

  Similarly, the second imaging light L2 from the plurality of second light sources 41 constituting the lower inspection unit 40 is irradiated on the bottle bottom 20B of the glass bottle 12.

  The second imaging light L2 emitted from the second light source 41 is incident from the bottle bottom 20B of the glass bottle 12, passes through the glass bottle 12, is emitted from the peripheral surface of the glass bottle 12, and constitutes a lower inspection unit 40. 42. The second imaging light L <b> 2 is reflected by the reflection mirror 42 and is collected by the condenser lens 43 on the light receiving surface of the corresponding line sensor 44 that constitutes the lower inspection unit 40. The output signal of the line sensor 44 is output to the inspection apparatus main body 30.

  The inspection apparatus main body 30 includes a control unit 31 configured as a personal computer, a monitor 32 such as a liquid crystal display for performing various displays, and an operation unit 33 for performing various operations by an operator.

  In this case, the control unit 31 drives the driven unit 25 composed of at least the condenser lens 23 and the line sensor 24 of the upper inspection unit 20 in the vertical direction in the drawing according to the diameter of the bottle mouth 12A of the glass bottle 12. The first drive unit 26 is connected. As a result, the driven unit 25 is moved up and down by the first driving unit 26 in accordance with the diameter of the bottle mouth 12A of the glass bottle 12 to be inspected based on the driving control signal from the control unit 31, and the condenser lens 23 and The line sensor 24 is arranged at the optimum detection position. That is, the bottle opening 12 </ b> A of the glass bottle 12 is arranged at a position that matches the focal length from the lens surface of the condenser lens 23.

  The control unit 31 includes a second drive unit that drives a driven unit 45 including at least the condenser lens 43 and the line sensor 44 of the lower inspection unit 40 in the vertical direction in the drawing according to the diameter of the bottom of the glass bottle 12. 46 is connected. As a result, the driven unit 45 is moved up and down by the second driving unit 46 in accordance with the diameter of the bottom 12B of the glass bottle 12 to be inspected based on the driving control signal from the control unit 31, and the condensing lens 43 and The line sensor 44 is arranged at the optimum detection position. That is, the bottle bottom 12 </ b> B of the glass bottle 12 is disposed at a position that matches the focal length from the lens surface of the condenser lens 43.

  Further, a motor 51 and an encoder 52 are connected to the control unit 31, and the motor 51 drives the drive wheel 17 via a timing belt 53. As a result, the rotation angle of the drive wheel 17 is detected by the encoder 52, and the detection result is input to the control unit 31.

Next, the arrangement of line sensors in the upper inspection unit will be described.
FIG. 3 is a plan view for explaining the arrangement of the line sensors 24 in the upper inspection unit 20. FIG. 3 shows an example in which four line sensors 24 are used, and each line sensor is represented by reference numerals 24 </ b> A to 24 </ b> D in order to identify each line sensor 24.

  In the upper inspection unit 20, the line sensors 24 </ b> A to 24 </ b> C are equally arranged every 120 ° with the bottle shaft 12 </ b> X as the center. Furthermore, the line sensor 24D is disposed at a position symmetrical to the line sensor 24B and the bottle axis 12X.

  FIG. 4 is another plan view for explaining the arrangement of the line sensor 24 in the upper inspection unit 20. 4 also shows an example in which four line sensors 24 are used, and each line sensor is represented by reference numerals 24A to 24D in order to identify each line sensor 24. FIG. In the upper inspection unit 20, the line sensors 24 </ b> A to 24 </ b> D are equally arranged every 90 ° with the bottle shaft 12 </ b> X as the center.

Next, the arrangement of line sensors in the lower inspection unit will be described.
FIG. 5 is a plan view for explaining the arrangement of the line sensors 44 in the lower inspection unit 40. FIG. 5 shows an example in which two line sensors 44 are used, and each line sensor is represented by reference numerals 44A and 44B in order to identify each line sensor 44.

In the lower inspection unit 40, the line sensor 44A and the line sensor 44B are disposed at symmetrical positions around the bottle axis 12X.
With such an arrangement, the control unit 31 can obtain, for example, the following detection value or perform an inspection.

  (1) Detection of the top slope value: The top slope value is calculated based on the heights of the three positions on the peripheral edge of the bottle mouth 12A detected by the line sensors 24A to 24C.

  (2) Detection of the sky wave value: the height of the peripheral edge of the bottle mouth 12A at the detection position of the line sensor 24D calculated based on the heights of the three peripheral edges of the bottle mouth 12A detected by the line sensors 24A to 24C. The sky wave value is calculated based on the calculated value (for one round of the bottle mouth) and the actual measured value (for one round of the bottle mouth) of the height of the peripheral edge of the bottle mouth 12A detected by the line sensor 24D. Based on this, a celestial wave defect is detected. That is, the control unit 31 detects the height of at least four locations on the peripheral edge of the bottle mouth, calculates the remaining height based on the heights of the three locations, and calculates the calculated value and the remaining one location. A celestial wave value is calculated based on the measured value of the height of the celestial wave, and based on this, a celestial wave defect is detected.

  (3) Tensile value detection and inspection: peripheral portion of the bottle mouth 12A at the detection position of the line sensor 24D calculated based on three heights of the peripheral edge portion of the bottle mouth 12A detected by the line sensors 24A to 24C The difference between the calculated value of the height of the bottle mouth (one round of the bottle mouth) and the measured value of the height of the peripheral edge of the bottle mouth 12A detected by the line sensor 24D (one round of the bottle mouth) is detected. A section where the difference is equal to or greater than a predetermined value is within a predetermined angle (for example, 45 °) can be inspected as a failure of standing.

  (4) Detection of bottle height: the height of the midpoint between the detection position of the line sensor 44A and the detection position of the line sensor 44B (that is, the average bottle bottom height), and the bottles detected by the line sensors 24A to 24D The maximum value and the minimum value of the bottle height of the glass bottle 12 are calculated based on the maximum value and the minimum value among the four heights of the peripheral edge of the mouth 12A.

  Next, as a reference example of the inspection operation of the glass bottle inspection device, a description will be given of the operation of detecting the top inclination. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the inspection operation of the top inclination.

  In this case, the control unit 31 controls the first drive unit 26 in advance according to the diameter of the bottle opening 12A of the glass bottle 12 to be inspected, and is configured by the condenser lens 23 and the line sensor 24 of the upper inspection unit 20. The driven portion 25 is driven in the vertical direction in the drawing so that the distance from the lens surface of the condenser lens 23 to the bottle mouth 12A of the glass bottle 12 becomes a predetermined distance proportional to the focal length.

  Next, when detecting that the glass bottle 12 has entered the measurement station S, the control unit 31 controls the motor 51 to rotate the drive wheel 17. Thereby, the glass bottle 12 is driven by the drive wheel 17 and rotates around the bottle axis 12X.

  While the glass bottle 12 rotates around the bottle axis 12X, the first imaging light L1 from the plurality of first light sources 21 respectively corresponding to the line sensors 24A to 24C is irradiated to the bottle mouth 12A of the glass bottle 12.

  The first imaging light L1 emitted from the first light source 21 is reflected by the peripheral edge of the bottle mouth 12A of the glass bottle 12, and the line sensors 24A to 24 through the corresponding reflecting mirror 22 and condenser lens 23, respectively. It is condensed on the light receiving surface. The output signals of the line sensors 24A to 24C are output to the inspection apparatus main body 30.

As a result, the control unit 31 of the inspection apparatus main body calculates a ceiling inclination value. Specifically, the height of the bottle mouth 12A of the glass bottle 12 corresponding to the output signal of the line sensor 24A is HA, the height of the bottle mouth 12A of the glass bottle 12 corresponding to the output signal of the line sensor 24B is HB, and the line sensor 24C. If the height of the mouth 12A of the glass bottle 12 corresponding to the output signal of HC is HC and the slope value is Pincl,
Pincl∝ [(HA + HC) / 2−HB] max
It becomes. Here, [x] max represents the maximum value of x.

That is, the ceiling inclination value Pincl is obtained by calculating the height HA of the glass mouth 12 corresponding to the output signal of the line sensor 24A and the height of the glass mouth 12 corresponding to the output signal of the line sensor 24C within the HC. Since the point and the height of the bottle mouth 12A of the glass bottle 12 corresponding to the output signal of the line sensor 24B are proportional to the maximum value of the difference of HB, the glass bottle inspection apparatus is [(HA + HC) / 2−HB]. Based on the value of max, it is determined whether or not the sky inclination value Pincl is within the allowable range.
Indicates.

Next, as a specific example of the inspection operation of the glass bottle inspection device, the sky inspection operation will be described.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the sky test operation.

  In this case, the control unit 31 previously controls the first drive unit 25 according to the diameter of the bottle opening 12A of the glass bottle 12 to be inspected, and is configured by the condenser lens 23 and the line sensor 24 of the upper inspection unit 20. The driven portion 25 is driven in the vertical direction in the drawing so that the distance from the lens surface of the condenser lens 23 to the bottle mouth 12A of the glass bottle 12 becomes a predetermined distance proportional to the focal length.

  Next, when detecting that the glass bottle 12 has entered the measurement station S, the control unit 31 controls the motor 51 to rotate the drive wheel 17. Thereby, the glass bottle 12 is driven by the drive wheel 17 and rotates around the bottle axis 12X.

  While the glass bottle 12 rotates around the bottle axis 12X, the first imaging light L1 from the plurality of first light sources 21 respectively corresponding to the line sensors 24A to 24C is irradiated to the bottle mouth 12A of the glass bottle 12.

  The first imaging light L1 emitted from the first light source 21 is reflected by the peripheral edge of the bottle mouth 12A of the glass bottle 12, and the line sensors 24A to 24 through the corresponding reflecting mirror 22 and condenser lens 23, respectively. It is condensed on the light receiving surface. The output signals of the line sensors 24A to 24C are output to the inspection apparatus main body 30.

As a result, the control unit 31 of the inspection apparatus main body calculates the weather value. Specifically, the height of the bottle mouth 12A of the glass bottle 12 corresponding to the output signal of the line sensor 24A is HA, the height of the bottle mouth 12A of the glass bottle 12 corresponding to the output signal of the line sensor 24B is HB, and the line sensor 24C. If the height of the bottle mouth 12A of the glass bottle 12 corresponding to the output signal is HC and the height of the bottle mouth 12A of the glass bottle 12 predicted to be detected by the line sensor 24D is HDcal,
HDcal = (HA + HC) / 2 + [(HA + HC) / 2−HB]
= HA + HC-HB
It becomes.

  On the other hand, when the height of the bottle mouth 12A of the glass bottle 12 corresponding to the output signal of the line sensor 24D is HD, the control unit 31 determines the difference from the predicted value HDcal as the tidal value (judgment criteria for good / bad glass bottles). Is determined as a predetermined reference value) HTOP. Then, the control unit 31 determines that the section AR in which the ceiling value HTOP exceeds the predetermined value HDref is less than 45 ° out of the 360 ° circumference of the bottle mouth 12A is a ceiling failure. At this time, the rotation angle of the detection position is calculated by the control unit 31 based on the output signal of the encoder 52.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, since the inspection is performed using the line sensor in a non-contact manner, the glass bottle can be inspected at high speed and with high accuracy. As a result, manufacturing efficiency can be improved.

  In the above description, the inspection of the mouth portion of the glass bottle 12 has been mainly described, but the bottom portion can be similarly inspected. Specifically, it is possible to inspect the so-called baffle mark position, perpendicularity, bottom defect, and the like.

  In the above description, the reflection mirrors 22 and 42 (corresponding to the reflection plate) are arranged in the upper inspection unit 20 and the lower inspection unit 40 in the optical path between the light sources 21 and 41 and the condenser lenses 23 and 43, and the glass bottle 12 is configured to reflect the imaging light L1 and 12 from 12 and bend the optical path of the imaging light L1 and 12, but the condenser lenses 23 and 43 and the line sensors 24 and 44 are arranged in the horizontal direction, that is, the bottle axis. If the mirrors are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the reflecting mirrors 22, the reflecting mirrors 22 and 42 can be omitted. This makes it possible to reduce the thickness of the glass bottle inspection device.

It is outline | summary structure explanatory drawing of a glass bottle test | inspection apparatus. It is outline | summary structure explanatory drawing of the test | inspection unit of a glass bottle test | inspection apparatus. It is a top view for demonstrating arrangement | positioning of the line sensor in an upper test | inspection unit. It is another top view for demonstrating arrangement | positioning of the line sensor in an upper test | inspection unit. It is a top view for demonstrating arrangement | positioning of the line sensor in a lower test | inspection unit. It is explanatory drawing of the test | inspection operation | movement of a top inclination. It is explanatory drawing of the test | inspection operation | movement of a sky.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Glass bottle test | inspection apparatus 12 ... Glass bottle 12A ... Mouth part 12B ... Bottom part 12X ... Bottle axis 20 ... Upper test | inspection unit 21 ... 1st light source 22 ... Reflection mirror (reflector plate, imaging part)
23 ... Condensing lens (lens, imaging unit)
24, 24A, 24B, 24C, 24D ... Line sensor (imaging unit)
25 ... driven part 26 ... first driving part (moving part)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 30 ... Inspection apparatus main body 31 ... Control part 32 ... Monitor 33 ... Operation part 40 ... Lower test | inspection unit 41 ... 2nd light source 42 ... Reflection mirror (reflection plate, imaging part)
43 ... Condensing lens (lens, imaging unit)
44, 44A, 44B ... line sensor (imaging unit)
45 ... driven part 46 ... second driving part (moving part)

Claims (2)

  A rotation drive unit that rotates the glass bottle around the bottle axis, and a line sensor that receives imaging light emitted to the glass bottle from an external light source, and picks up an image of the glass bottle viewed from the direction perpendicular to the bottle axis. An imaging unit that measures the shape of the glass bottle based on the image, and the measurement unit detects at least four heights of the peripheral edge of the bottle mouth based on the image, The height of the remaining one location is calculated based on the height of the three locations, and the difference between this calculated value and the actual measured value of the remaining one location is detected. A glass bottle inspection device characterized by detecting an inferior item as an inadequate exposure. A lens for condensing the imaging light on the light receiving surface of the line sensor; the imaging light is disposed in an optical path between the light source and the lens and reflects the imaging light from the glass bottle; The glass bottle inspection apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising a reflector disposed to bend the optical path of the lens and guide the optical path toward the lens.

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