JP4352183B2 - Power storage module - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To equalize voltages of power storage cells and/or a group of power storage cells connected in series and parallel. <P>SOLUTION: Three serial circuits composed of a plurality of cells such as B1A-B2A, B1B-B2B and B2C-B3C are connected in parallel via semiconductor switches Sa1-Sa6 and Sb1-Sb6. The semiconductor switches Sa1-Sa6 and Sb1-Sb6 are alternately turned on using a driver composed of an oscillation circuit. Thus, no cell is opened from the circuits in any connection state, and while maintaining the same synthesized capacity of each of parallel circuits in the module, charging/discharging is executed between cells to be connected in parallel to equalize the voltage of each of the cells. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for equalizing the voltage of each power storage cell in a power storage module configured using a power storage cell represented by an electric double layer capacitor and a secondary battery.

A power storage module such as a capacitor module or a secondary battery module is configured by connecting a plurality of cells in series and in parallel in order to achieve a desired voltage and capacity according to the application.
In the above-described power storage module, variations in cell voltage due to variations in the capacity, internal resistance, environmental temperature, self-discharge rate, etc. of each cell occur during repeated charge / discharge. When the variation occurs, the deterioration of the cell having a high voltage is accelerated, and eventually the cell falls into an overcharge and overdischarge state, thereby significantly shortening the life of the entire power storage module.
Various methods have been proposed for equalizing the voltages of the cells in the module and preventing deterioration as a module. As a typical equalization method, a bypass circuit method, an equalization method using an inductor, an equalization method using a transformer, an equalization method using a capacitor, and the like have been devised.

  The circuit shown in FIG. 1 is a power storage module with a serial / parallel switching type equalization function, and the configuration of this module is 3 series / 3 parallel. B1A to B4A, B1B to B3B, B0C to B3C are cells, Sa1 to Sa8, Sb1 to Sb8 are semiconductor switches, and two semiconductor switches indicated by the Sa system and Sb system are alternately turned on using a driver. By turning off / off, the combination of cells connected in parallel in the module is switched as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, and the cells in the module are mutually charged and discharged to equalize the cell voltage. It is possible.

Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-298006

  However, in the case of the above-described circuit, there are cells that are electrically open in each connection state, such as B4A and B0C in FIG. 2 and B1A and B3C in FIG. Since those cells are not used, the usage rate of the cells is low.

  Further, when the above-described switch on / off operation is performed, if both the Sa system and the Sb system are turned on, the cell falls into a short-circuit state. Therefore, t2 and t4 in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, it is necessary to provide a dead time during which both switch drive signals of both systems are turned off.

  When such switch drive control is performed, there is a diagram at the time of dead time (t2 and t4) in addition to the Sa system on / Sb system off state shown in FIG. 2 and the Sa system off / Sb system on state shown in FIG. There exists a connection state in which the switches of both systems shown in FIG. 2 and 3, the configuration is 3 series / 3 parallel, but in the state of FIG. 5, the configuration is 1 parallel (capacity is x). In this state, B1A to B4A and B0C to B3C are disconnected, and the current flowing through the power storage module is concentrated on B1B to B3B, so that the cells B1B to B3B are stressed. Further, since the ratio of the current to the cell capacity increases, the voltage drop (IR drop) due to the internal resistance of the cell also increases. Since this IR drop occurs every time the connection state is switched, a large noise is generated according to the switching cycle of the connection state.

  When the above-described switch on / off operation is performed, if the voltage difference between the cells connected in parallel is large, a large lateral current may flow between the cells, which may damage the cells and the switches. For example, in the case of FIG. 6 showing an equivalent circuit in which two cells are connected in parallel, the internal resistances ra and rb of the cell and the on-resistance of the switch are between the cells a and b whose voltages are Ba and Bb. A transverse current I = (Ba−Bb) / (ra + rb + rA + rB) limited by rA and rB flows.

  The power storage module according to the present invention includes n (n is an integer greater than or equal to 2) power storage cells and / or power storage cell groups, m serial circuits, and (n-1) power storage cells and power storage cell groups. This is a module that consists of m or m ± 1 series (except when the number of parallels is 4L-2, except that L is a natural number) in series connected alternately in parallel. A first connection state in which cells and cell groups in a circuit are connected in parallel to cells and cell groups in different series circuits, and a series circuit in which cells and cell groups in each series circuit are different in a combination different from the first parallel state A switch group for switching a second connection state that connects the cells and the cell group in parallel, and the first and second connection states can be switched repeatedly.

  In the above, the capacity value of the storage cell and / or storage cell group is set so that the combined capacity value of each parallel circuit constituting the module does not change before and after switching between the first connection state and the second connection state. It is desirable to choose.

  The storage cell may be a capacitor, a secondary battery, or a hybrid type in which a capacitor and a secondary battery are mixed. In this case, it is desirable that the capacity ratio and the total capacity of the capacitor cell and the secondary battery cell constituting the parallel circuit are equal in any parallel circuit.

  The switch group can be composed of a semiconductor switch or a mechanical switch.

  The power storage module includes switch drive means that shifts the drive timing of the switch group so as to maintain a state in which at least two or more series circuits are connected in parallel when switching the connection state of the power storage modules. Can do.

  Furthermore, the power storage module according to the present invention includes n (n is an integer greater than or equal to 2) power storage cells and / or power storage cell groups, m serial circuits, and (n-1) power storage cells and power storage cells. A module composed of m or m ± 1 groups (except when the number of parallels is 4L-2, where L is a natural number) series circuits alternately connected in parallel. A first connection state in which cells and cell groups in each series circuit are connected in parallel to cells and cell groups in different series circuits, and cells and cell groups in each series circuit are different in a combination different from the first parallel state. A switch control means for switching the switch group so that the first connection state and the second connection state can be repeatedly switched, comprising a switch group for switching a second connection state for connecting cells and cell groups of a series circuit in parallel; Voltage detecting means for detecting the voltage of each storage cell, based on a detection result of the voltage from the voltage detection circuit, characterized in that it comprises a control means for controlling the operation of said switch control means.

  According to the above-described power storage cell module of the present invention, each cell in the power storage module configured by connecting a plurality of power storage cells for power storage purpose in series and in parallel is connected to an FET, a thyristor, and a photo MOS relay. Is a method of equalization using a semiconductor switch (hereinafter referred to as “semiconductor switch”), and by switching a combination of cells connected in series and in parallel in a power storage module using a semiconductor switch, Mutual charge / discharge can be performed between the cells to equalize the cell voltages.

  Furthermore, the power storage module according to the present invention is a power storage module that equalizes each cell voltage in a power storage module consisting of a secondary battery cell and a power source capacitor cell for electrical energy storage using a semiconductor switch, A power storage module that performs mutual charge / discharge between cells in a power storage module by switching a combination of cells connected in series and in parallel in the power storage module using a semiconductor switch, and equalizes each cell voltage. It is a power storage module in which the capacity ratio and the total capacity of the capacitor cell and the secondary battery cell constituting the parallel circuit are equal in any of the connected states in any of the connected states.

  According to this power storage module, combinations of cells connected in series and in parallel in the power storage module are switched by two systems of semiconductor switches, and each cell is indirectly connected in parallel to all cells via one of the cells. Will be. When voltage variation occurs between cells connected in parallel, mutual charge / discharge is performed between the cells, and the voltage variation is equalized. Moreover, since all the parallel stages in the module include both the secondary battery cell and the capacitor cell in any of the two connection states, the hybrid power storage module in which the secondary battery cell and the capacitor cell are connected in parallel Can be configured. In each of the parallel stages, the capacity ratio and the total capacity of the capacitor cell and the secondary battery cell constituting the parallel stage are equal in any parallel stage.

  According to the present invention, when the connection state of the power storage module is switched, the drive timing of the switch group is shifted so as to maintain a state where at least two series circuits are connected in parallel. Current concentration can be prevented. As a result, it is possible to reduce the stress applied to the cell and reduce the IR drop caused by the internal resistance of the cell, thereby reducing the noise generated when the connection state is switched.

  The present invention also provides a lateral flow current that flows between cells in a power storage module by controlling an input signal to the switch group based on a voltage detection result from a voltage detection circuit that measures the voltage of each power storage cell. Can be controlled.

  Further, the present invention is characterized in that the equalization function is maintained even if any one of the semiconductor switches constituting the power storage module is opened. When a semiconductor switch in the power storage module has an open failure in the power storage module, equalization by mutual charge / discharge cannot be performed between cells connected in parallel via the semiconductor switch. However, since the above cells are connected in parallel to another cell during switching operation of another system, equalization by mutual charge / discharge is possible.

  Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that the equalization function is maintained even if any one cell in the power storage module is open. When a certain cell in the power storage module has an open failure in the power storage module, the number of parallel connections of the cells in the parallel stage including the cell is reduced, but mutual charge / discharge in the parallel connection is possible. Even after the parallel connection is switched, equalization by mutual charge / discharge is possible.

  It is possible to equalize each cell in a power storage module configured by connecting a plurality of power source cells for electrical energy storage in series and in parallel using only a semiconductor switch.

  Since there is no cell that is open from the circuit according to the connection state, the cell usage rate can be increased. In addition, the number of cells and the number of switches can be reduced as compared with the case of a circuit configuration in which there are open cells.

  Even when the connection state is switched, the state of one parallel configuration does not occur, so that it is possible to reduce the stress on the cell caused by the concentration of current. In addition, since the IR drop caused by the internal resistance of the cell can be reduced by preventing the current concentration, noise generated when switching the connection state can be reduced.

  By controlling the cross current flowing between the cells when switching the connection state, the connection state can be switched even in a state where the voltage variation is large, and damage to the cell and the switch can be prevented.

  FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing a first embodiment of the cell voltage equalizing circuit of the present invention. This is a three-series configuration composed of parallel stages of 2 parallels, 3 parallels, and 2 parallels, using secondary battery cells as power storage cells and connecting three series circuits in parallel. B1A to B2A, B1B to B3B, B2C to B3C are cells, B1B and B3B are cells having a capacity of 2x, and the capacity of other cells is x. Sa1 to Sa6 and Sb1 to Sb6 indicate semiconductor switches. The combination of cells connected in parallel in the module is switched by alternately turning on and off the two systems of semiconductor switches indicated by the Sa system and Sb system using a driver, and each cell in the module is connected between each cell. It is possible to equalize the cell voltage by performing mutual charging and discharging in FIG. The on / off operation using the driver can be switched between on and off at a constant cycle, and the cycle may be changed according to a change with time, a load variation, or the like.

  FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing a state where the Sa system switch is on and the Sb system switch is off. In this state, B1A and B2B and B3C, B2A and B3B, B1B and B2C are connected in parallel, and a three-series module composed of 2 parallels, 3 parallels, and 2 parallel stages is configured. Yes. In this connected state, the combined capacity of all the parallel stages is 3x and is equal. When voltage variation occurs between cells connected in parallel, mutual charge / discharge is performed between the cells, and the voltage variation is resolved.

  FIG. 9 shows a circuit diagram in which the Sa system switch is off and the Sb system switch is on. In this state, B1A and B1B, B2A and B2B and B2C, B3B and B3C are connected in parallel, respectively, and a 3-series module composed of 2 parallel-3 parallel-2 parallel stages is configured. Yes. In this connected state, the combined capacity of all the parallel stages is 3x and is equal. When voltage variation occurs between cells connected in parallel, mutual charge / discharge is performed between the cells, and the voltage variation is resolved.

  By repeating the on / off operation of the above-described switch, a three-series configuration composed of 2 parallel-3 parallel-2 parallel parallel stages is always maintained, and the combined capacity of all the parallel stages is the same (3x) in series. The combination of the parallel connection is switched, and each cell in the module is connected in parallel to all the cells via any one of the cells. Mutual charge / discharge is performed between the cells connected in parallel to each other. The voltage is equalized.

  FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram in the case where the cell voltage equalizing circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention is configured by connecting four series circuits in parallel. FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram in which the Sa system switch is on and the Sb system switch is off, and FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram in which the Sa system switch is off and the Sb system switch is on. FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram in the case where the cell voltage equalization circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention is configured by connecting five series circuits in parallel. FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram in which the Sa system switch is on and the Sb system switch is off, and FIG. 15 is a circuit diagram in which the Sa system switch is off and the Sb system switch is on.

  In any module, by repeating the same switch ON / OFF operation as described above, the combination of series and parallel connections is switched while maintaining the same structure at the same time, and the combined capacity of any parallel stage is the same. Each of the cells is connected in parallel to all the cells via any one of the cells, and mutual charging / discharging is performed between the cells connected in parallel to equalize the voltage of each cell.

  Generalizing the configuration of the first embodiment described above, n (n is an integer of 2 or more) power storage cells and m power storage cell groups in series, m-1 series power storage cells, It can be said that a plurality of m or m ± 1 series circuits (with the exception of a parallel number of 4L-2, where L is a natural number) are alternately connected in parallel. . For example, the circuit of FIG. 7 is an example when n = 3 and m = 1, the circuit of FIG. 10 is an example when n = 3 and m = 2, and FIG. 13 shows n = 3 and m = 3. This is an example.

  FIG. 16 is a circuit diagram showing a second embodiment of the cell voltage equalizing circuit of the present invention. This is a hybrid type in which capacitor cells and secondary battery cells are mixed as power storage cells, and has a configuration in which three parallel stages of secondary battery cells × 2 cells and capacitor cells × 1 cell are connected in series. B1A to B2A, B1B and B3B, B2C to B3C are secondary battery cells having a capacity x, C1B to C3B are capacitor cells having a capacity y, and Sa1 to Sa6 and Sb1 to Sb6 are semiconductor switches. In this example, C1B and B1B are one cell group, and C3B and B3B are one cell group.

  In FIG. 16, the combination of cells connected in parallel in the module is switched by alternately turning on / off the two systems of semiconductor switches represented by the Sa system and Sb system using a driver, and each cell in the module is It is possible to equalize cell voltages by performing mutual charging / discharging between cells. The on / off operation using the driver can be switched between on and off at a constant cycle, and the cycle may be changed according to a change with time, a load variation, or the like.

  FIG. 17 shows a circuit diagram in a state where the Sa system switch is on and the Sb system switch is off. In this state, B1A and C2B and B3C, B2A and C3B and B3B, and C1B, B1B and B2C are connected in parallel, respectively, and each parallel stage is composed of secondary battery cells × 2 cells and capacitor cells × 1 cell. 3 series configuration. In this connected state, the combined capacity of any parallel stage is 2x + y, which is equal. When voltage variation occurs between cells connected in parallel, mutual charge / discharge is performed between the cells, and the voltage variation is resolved.

  FIG. 18 is a circuit diagram showing a state where the Sa system switch is off and the Sb system switch is on. In this state, B1A and C1B and B1B, B2A and C2B and B2C, and C3B, B3B, and B3C are connected in parallel, respectively, and each parallel stage is composed of secondary battery cells × 2 cells and capacitor cells × 1 cell. 3 series configuration. In this connected state, the combined capacity of any parallel stage is 2x + y, which is equal. When voltage variation occurs between cells connected in parallel, mutual charge / discharge is performed between the cells, and the voltage variation is resolved.

  By repeating the above-described switch ON / OFF operation, all the parallel stages maintain the three series configuration including the secondary battery cells × 2 cells and the capacitor cells × 1 cell, and the combined capacities of all the parallel stages are equal ( 2x + y) The combination of series and parallel connection is switched, and each cell in the module is connected in parallel to all cells via any cell, and mutual charge / discharge is performed between the cells connected in parallel. The voltage of each cell is equalized.

  Note that the circuit of FIG. 16 includes m series circuits in which n (n is an integer of 2 or more) storage cells and storage cell groups are connected in series, and n−1 storage cells and storage cell groups are connected in series. As long as the condition that m or m ± 1 plural (where the parallel number is 4L-2, except that L is a natural number) series circuits are alternately connected in parallel is satisfied, FIG. It can be easily extended to a circuit including more cells as shown in FIG.

  FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the switch drive control system of the present invention. In addition to classifying the switch group in the power storage module into the Sa system and the Sb system, the switch group that connects B1A to B2A and B1B to B3B in parallel is the A system, and the switch group that connects B1B to B3B and B2C to B3C in parallel is the B system And The switch group in the power storage module is classified into a total of four systems. These switch groups are driven using a driver as shown in the timing chart of FIG. When the switch group is driven according to this timing chart, there are eight connection states indicated by C1 to C8 in FIGS. 21-1 and 21-2 according to the drive state of the switch.

  In the connection state of C1, the switch groups of the aA system and the aB system are both turned on, and it has a 3 series configuration of 2 parallels-3 parallels-2 parallels, and the combined capacity of any parallel stage is 3x and equal. Next, when the switch group of the aB system is turned off from the state of C1, the state shifts to the connection state of C2. In this case, the combined capacity of the upper and middle stages is 2x, and the combined capacity of the lower stage is 3x. Next, when the switch group of the b-B system is turned on from the state of C2, the state shifts to the connection state of C3. In this case, the combined capacity of the upper stage is 2x, the combined capacity of the middle stage is 3x, and the combined capacity of the lower stage is 4x. Next, when the aA system switch group is turned off from the state of C3, the state shifts to the connection state of C4. In this case, the combined capacity of the upper and middle stages is 2x, and the combined capacity of the lower stage is 3x.

  Next, when the b-A system switch group is turned on from the state of C4, the state shifts to the connection state of C5. In this case, the combined capacity of any parallel stage is 3x, which is equal. Next, when the switch group of the b-B system is turned off from the state of C5, the state shifts to the connection state of C6. In this case, the combined capacity of the upper stage is 3x, and the combined capacity of the middle stage and the lower stage is 2x. Next, when the a-B system switch group is turned on from the state of C6, the state shifts to the connection state of C7. In this case, the combined capacity of the upper stage is 4x, the combined capacity of the middle stage is 3x, and the combined capacity of the lower stage is 2x. Next, when the b-A system switch group is turned off from the state of C7, the state shifts to the connection state of C8. In this case, the combined capacity of the upper stage is 3x, and the combined capacity of the middle stage and the lower stage is 2x. Next, when the aA system switch group is turned on from the state of C8, the state returns to the connection state of C1 again.

  When the above timing chart of FIG. 4 is used, in the period t2, as described above, there are parallel stages in which each of the three parallel combined capacities constituting x series is x (see FIG. 5). When the timing chart of FIG. 20 is used, as shown in C1 to C8 of FIG. 21, there is no parallel stage where the combined capacity is x in a series of connection state switching operations, so that the stress on the cell is reduced. Is possible. In addition, since the ratio of the magnitude of the current to the cell is smaller than in the case of FIG. 8, the IR drop caused by the internal resistance of the cell can be reduced, so that noise generated when switching the connection state is reduced. Is possible.

  Note that the switch drive control method shown in FIGS. 19 and 20 can also be applied to the circuits shown in FIGS. In that case, for example, the left switch group from the central series circuit may be classified as A system, and the right switch group may be classified as B system. The switch drive control system shown in FIG. 19 and FIG. 20 can be applied to the two systems called B system.

  FIG. 22 shows an embodiment in which a voltage detection circuit, an average circuit, a subtraction circuit, and an amplitude adjustment circuit are added to the circuit shown in FIG. 7, and a lateral flow that flows between cells connected in parallel when the connection state is switched. It is an example of the method of controlling an electric current.

  The circuit in FIG. 22 is a power storage module having a three-series configuration including the above-described two parallel-three parallel-parallel parallel stages, and each cell in the module is connected to a voltage detection circuit and an average circuit. The voltage detection circuit outputs a voltage signal corresponding to each cell voltage, and the averaging circuit outputs a voltage signal corresponding to the average voltage of each cell voltage. Output signals from the voltage detection circuit and the average circuit are input to the subtraction circuit, and a voltage signal corresponding to a difference between each cell voltage and the average voltage of the cell voltages, that is, a voltage variation is output from the subtraction circuit. The output signal from the subtraction circuit is input to the amplitude adjustment circuit, and the amplitude adjustment circuit controls the amplitude of the output signal of the driver that drives the semiconductor switch.

  As shown in FIG. 23, the current flowing through the semiconductor switch depends on the input signal to the semiconductor switch. That is, the current flowing through the semiconductor switch can be controlled by controlling the input signal to the semiconductor switch. The current flowing through the semiconductor switch is limited by adjusting the amplitude of the output signal of the driver that drives the semiconductor switch according to the magnitude of the output signal from the subtracting circuit, that is, the degree of variation of each cell voltage. With the above operation, when the voltage variation between the cells is large, the lateral current flowing through the semiconductor switch can be controlled to prevent the cell or the switch from being damaged.

  All the cells used in the power storage module of the present invention are power storage cells for the purpose of storing electrical energy, and a plurality of power storage cells are used to form a power storage module. Therefore, even when a certain cell in the module has an open failure or a certain semiconductor switch in the module fails, the function as the power storage module is not lost.

  If any one of the semiconductor switches constituting the power storage module of the present invention has an open failure, equalization by mutual charge / discharge cannot be performed between cells connected in parallel via the semiconductor switch. However, since the above cells are connected in parallel to another cell during switching operation of another system, equalization by mutual charge / discharge is possible. However, when two or more switches fail, a cell that is electrically disconnected from the module may occur.

  FIG. 24 is a diagram for describing a case where a certain cell in the power storage module has an open failure. Even if a certain cell in the module has an open failure, it is possible to equalize all the cells by switching the parallel state.

  In the power storage module of the present invention, when one cell in the power storage module has an open failure, the combined capacity of the parallel stages including the failed cell becomes small. However, since this is not a failure that hinders electrical connection with other cells, each cell in the module is always connected in parallel with one or more other cells, so that the equalization function is not lost. However, when two or more cells have failed, there are cases in which there is a cell that does not have a partner connected in parallel, or a parallel stage that includes only failed cells.

  FIGS. 25 to 26 are diagrams for explaining a case where a semiconductor switch has an open failure, in which FIG. 25 shows a case where a switch in the Sa system and FIG. In any case, it is possible to equalize all the storage cells by switching the connection state.

  In the power storage module of the present invention, when one semiconductor switch in the power storage module has an open failure, cells connected through the failed switch cannot be equalized. However, since the above cells are connected in parallel to another cell during switching operation of another system, equalization by mutual charge / discharge is possible. However, when two or more switches fail, a cell that is electrically disconnected from the module may occur.

In the above description, the term “cell” has been used. However, the present invention can also be applied to a cell group including a plurality of cells in addition to a single cell.
Although the above description has been made on the assumption that a semiconductor switch is used, except for the method of controlling the lateral flow current shown in FIG. It is also possible to equalize using a slow mechanical switch.

  The present invention is widely applicable to electric vehicle power supplies, UPS power supplies, personal computer power supplies, mobile device power supplies, mobile power supplies including airplanes, household power supplies, emergency power supplies, and the like.

The circuit is a circuit diagram showing an example of a power storage module with a series / parallel switching type equalization function. It is the figure which showed a mode that the combination of the cell connected in parallel within a module was switched. It is the figure which showed a mode that the combination of the cell connected in parallel within a module was switched. It is a timing chart which showed the timing when a switch drive signal turns on / off. It is the figure which showed the state by which the switch of both systems was turned off. It is the figure which showed the equivalent circuit of the state in which two cells were connected in parallel. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a cell voltage equalization circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram in a state where the Sa system switch is on and the Sb system switch is off in FIG. 7. FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram in a state where the Sa system switch is off and the Sb system switch is on in FIG. 7. In the 1st Embodiment of this invention, it is a circuit diagram at the time of comprising 4 series circuits connected in parallel. FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram in a state where the Sa system switch is on and the Sb system switch is off in FIG. 10. FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram in a state where the Sa system switch is off and the Sb system switch is on in FIG. 10. In the 1st Embodiment of this invention, it is a circuit diagram in the case of comprising five series circuits connected in parallel. FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram in a state where the Sa system switch is on and the Sb system switch is off in FIG. 13. FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram in a state where the Sa system switch is off and the Sb system switch is on in FIG. 13. It is a circuit diagram which shows the cell voltage equalization circuit based on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 17 is a circuit diagram in a state where the Sa system switch is on and the Sb system switch is off in FIG. 16. FIG. 17 is a circuit diagram in a state where the Sa system switch is off and the Sb system switch is on in FIG. 16. It is a figure which shows one Embodiment of the switch drive control system in the electrical storage module of this invention. It is a timing chart which drives the switch group classified into 4 systems in an electrical storage module using a driver. It is a figure for demonstrating the connection state at the time of driving a switch group according to this timing chart of FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the connection state at the time of driving a switch group according to this timing chart of FIG. FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment in which a voltage detection circuit, an average circuit, a subtraction circuit, and an amplitude adjustment circuit are added to the circuit shown in FIG. 7. It is the graph which showed the dependency of the electric current which flows into the semiconductor switch with respect to the input signal to a semiconductor switch. It is a figure for demonstrating the case where a certain cell in an electrical storage module carries out an open failure. It is a figure for demonstrating the case where a semiconductor switch has an open failure. It is a figure for demonstrating the case where a semiconductor switch has an open failure.

Claims (6)

m series circuits in which n (n is an integer of 2 or more) energy storage cells and / or energy storage cell groups are connected in series, and m-1 or n-1 energy storage cells and / or energy storage cell groups in series m ± 1 or a plurality (although the parallel number is excluded in the case of 4L-2 pieces .L is a natural number) is a module configured in parallel alternately connecting a series circuit of each storage cell and the power storage of the series circuits the cell group, different from the storage cells and storage cell group of the series circuit and the first connection state to parallel connection, the first series of different storage cells and storage cell group of each series circuits in different combinations from the parallel state a switch group for switching between a second connection state for storage cells and storage cell group and parallel connection of the circuit, in either the connected state, all without storage cell in an open state and the power storage cell group is present Storage cell and storage cell Storage module, characterized in that the group is configured to contribute to equalization of the voltage of the storage cells and storage cell group, it can be switched repeatedly first and second connection state of the.   The capacitance value of the storage cell and / or storage cell group is selected so that the combined capacitance value of each parallel circuit constituting the module does not change before and after switching between the first connection state and the second connection state. The power storage module according to claim 1.   The capacitor cell and the secondary battery cell are used as the storage cell, and the capacity ratio and the total capacity of the capacitor cell and the secondary battery cell constituting the parallel stage are made equal in any parallel circuit. Or the electrical storage module of 2.   4. A switch control means for shifting the drive timing of the switch group so as to maintain a state in which at least two or more series circuits are connected in parallel when the connection state is switched. The electrical storage module as described in any one of these.   Switch control means for controlling the lateral current flowing between the cells by controlling the input signal to the switch group based on the detection result of the voltage from the voltage detection circuit for measuring the voltage of each storage cell. The power storage module according to claim 1, wherein the power storage module is a power storage module. m series circuits in which n (n is an integer of 2 or more) energy storage cells and / or energy storage cell groups are connected in series, and m-1 or n-1 energy storage cells and / or energy storage cell groups in series m ± 1 or a plurality (although the parallel number is excluded in the case of 4L-2 pieces .L is a natural number) is a module configured in parallel alternately connecting a series circuit of each storage cell and the power storage of the series circuits first connection state and the first different serial circuit power storage cells and storage cell group of each series circuits in different combinations from the parallel state to the power storage cells and storage cell group and the parallel of different series circuits of cell group connecting with the storage cells and storage cell group and the second group of switches for switching the connection state to parallel connection, further, the switch control of switching the first and the switch group second connection state repeatedly switches it is possible as a the hand When the power storage module, characterized in that it comprises a voltage detecting means for detecting the voltage of each storage cell, based on a detection result of the voltage from said voltage detecting circuit, a control means for controlling the operation of said switch control means.

Images