JP4351763B2

JP4351763B2 - Seismic isolation device with rolling elements

Info

Publication number: JP4351763B2
Application number: JP18482799A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 将大塚; 伸泰川井; 澄夫川口; 芳和荒井
Original assignee: Oiles Corp; Okumura Corp
Current assignee: Oiles Corp; Okumura Corp
Priority date: 1999-06-30
Filing date: 1999-06-30
Publication date: 2009-10-28
Anticipated expiration: 2019-06-30
Also published as: JP2001012547A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、転動子を有する免震装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
この種の免震装置として、特公昭４３−２５１１４号公報が公知である。
すなわち、該公知技術によれば、上部構造側に配される支持部材と基礎側に配される基盤とからなり、該基盤の上面を凹入球面状としてその上面に複数個の球体を配し、該基盤上面と同一曲率面を有し、上部に椀形支持部材を具備した「ソリ部材」を球体上に重合し、該ソリ部材と支持部材との間に球面体を介装させてなる構成を採る。
しかして、この構成により、地震の発生で基盤が前後・左右動してもソリ部材は球体上を滑動し、基盤の動揺は地上部分に固定した支持部材に伝わることがなく、この結果、建築物の地上階には下方の水平動を伝幡させないという作用効果を奏するものである。
しかしながら、上記公知技術においては、転動子としての球体が相接して配されることから、球体相互の噛み合いが生じ、不動状態となって、単に上部構造が滑るものとなり、所望の免震作用が発揮できない事態に立ち至ることがある。更には、本免震装置では振動との縁切りが主であって、減衰機能はなく、減衰効果を期待するには別途ダンパーを用意する必要があり、設置場所あるいは設置費用の点で問題がある。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は上記従来技術の問題点に鑑みなされたものであり、この種の転動子を有する免震装置において、転動子が機能不全になることなく、常時適正に作用する保障をなし、かつ、減衰作用を有する新規な機構を提供することを目的とする。
更には、作動後の転動子の位置補正をなし得る機構を得ることも他の目的とする。
【０００４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は上記目的を達成するため、以下の構成を採る。
本発明の第１番目の発明（第１発明）の免震装置は、請求項１に記載のとおり、上方に向けて長周期を得るに十分な大きな曲率半径を有する凹球面に形成された球面座を有する下沓と；下方に向けて前記凹球面と同心の曲率半径を有する凸球面に形成された球面座を有する上沓と；を前記凹凸球面どおしを相対するとともに、これらの球面座間に複数の同一直径の球体状の転動子を介在させ、前記上沓が該上沓上に載置される物体の荷重を該転動子を介して下沓に伝達しながら球面の曲率面にならって揺動運動を行う免震装置において、
前記球体状の転動子は保持板を介して互いに間隔を保持して該上沓と該下沓との間に配置され、
前記球面座間には振動減衰用ダンパーが介装されてなり、
前記振動減衰用ダンパーは、滑り板とゴム弾性体との積層構造をなし、前記下沓及び又は前記上沓との球面座側に該滑り板を当接させるとともに該ゴム弾性体を圧縮状態に保持されてなる摩擦ダンパーである、
ことを特徴とする。
この免震装置において、常時は転動子は定位置にあり、該転動子を介して上沓の荷重を下沓に伝達する。
地震等により上沓と下沓とに相対変位が生じたとき、転動子の転がり作用により上沓は転動子を介して下沓の変位すなわち地震動と絶縁され、免震作用を発揮する。
この変位は振動変位となるが、振動減衰用ダンパーの作用によりその変位は減衰され、振動は速やかに元の位置に収束する。
【０００５】
本発明の第２番目の発明（第２発明）の免震装置は、請求項２に記載のとおり、上方に向けて長周期を得るに十分な大きな曲率半径を有する凹球面に形成された球面座を有する下沓と；下方に向けて前記凹球面と同心の曲率半径を有する凸球面に形成された球面座を有する上沓と；を前記凹凸球面どおしを相対するとともに、これらの球面座間に複数の同一直径の球体状の転動子を介在させ、前記上沓が該上沓上に載置される物体の荷重を該転動子を介して下沓に伝達しながら球面の曲率面にならって揺動運動を行う免震装置において、
該球体状の転動子は保持板を介して互いに間隔を保持して該上沓と該下沓との間に配置され、
前記球面座間には振動減衰用ダンパーが介装されており、
前記下沓と前記上沓との間には前記上沓を持ち上げ可能な持上げ装置が介装されており、
前記振動減衰用ダンパーは、滑り板とゴム弾性体との積層構造をなし、前記下沓及び又は前記上沓との球面座側に該滑り板を当接させるとともに該ゴム弾性体を圧縮状態に保持されてなる摩擦ダンパーである、
ことを特徴とする免震装置。
本免震装置において、常時は転動子は定位置にあり、該転動子を介して上沓の荷重を下沓に伝達する。
地震等により上沓と下沓とに相対変位が生じたとき、転動子の転がり作用により上沓は転動子を介して下沓の変位すなわち地震動と絶縁され、免震作用を発揮する。
作動後において、転動子が定位置に復帰しない場合、持ち上げ装置を作動させて上沓を持ち上げ、転動子を定位置へ復帰させる。
本第２発明において、持ち上げ装置以外に下沓と上沓との間に装入し、転動子を押し込むゲージの使用もなされる。
【０００６】
叙上の発明において、その振動減衰用ダンパーは摩擦ダンパーを採るものであり、該摩擦ダンパーは、1)該上沓もしくは該下沓の一方に一端が固設され、他端が該上沓もしくは該下沓に対向する下沓の球面座もしくは上沓の球面座に摺動自在に設けられること、2)該保持板に取り付けられるとともに該下沓の球面座と該上沓の球面座に摺動自在に介設されること、3)滑材と弾性体との積層構造をなし、該下沓もしくは該上沓との球面座側に滑材を当接させること、は適宜採用される選択的事項である。
【０００７】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の転動子を有する免震装置の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
（第１実施形態）
図１〜図５はその一実施形態（第１実施形態）の転動子を有する免震装置（以下、単に「免震装置」という。）Ｓを示す。すなわち図１及び図２は本免震装置Ｓの全体構成を示し、図３〜図５はその部分構成を示す。
図において、Ｇは展示ケース等の上部構造であり、Ｂは基台等の下部構造であり、本免震装置Ｓはこれらの上部構造Ｇと下部構造Ｂとの間に介装され、上部構造Ｇの荷重を下部構造Ｂに伝達するとともに両者間の水平方向の相対的変位を許容する。
【０００８】
本免震装置Ｓはこのため、下部構造Ｂに固定されるとともに上方に向けて長周期を得るに十分な大きな曲率半径を有する凹球面１ａに形成された下沓１と、上部構造Ｇに固定されるとともに下方に向けて前記凹球面と同心の曲率半径を有する凸球面２ａに形成された上沓２と、これらの下沓１と上沓２との間に介装され、転動子３及び振動減衰用ダンパーとしての摩擦ダンパー４を保持する支承部５と、からなり、更には、持上げ装置（リフター）が適宜設置される。
すなわち、本免震装置Ｓにおける特徴は、下沓１及び上沓２の凹凸球面１ａ，２ａどおしを相対するとともに、該上沓２を該下沓１に対して水平移動域を存して配置し、これらの球面１ａ，２ａ間に複数の同一直径の球体状の転動子３を介在せしめてなり、前記上沓２が上部構造の荷重を転動子３を介して下沓１に伝達しながら球面の曲率面にならって揺動運動をなし、該転動子３は支承部５を構成する保持板を介して互いに間隔を保持されるとともに、該保持板には振動減衰用ダンパーとしての摩擦ダンパー４が取り付けられてなる。
【０００９】
以下、各部の細部構造を説明する。
下沓１
下沓１は、鋼製よりなり、所定厚さをもって平面形状が正四辺形状をなし、中央において上方に向けて長周期を得るに十分な大きな曲率半径Ｒを有する凹球面に形成された球面座１ａを有し、下部構造Ｂに取り付けられる。１０はストッパ壁面である。
【００１０】
上沓２
上沓２は、鋼製よりなり、所定厚さをもって平面形状が正四辺形状をなし、中央において下方に向けて前記凹球面１ａと平行な曲率半径Ｒを有する凸球面２ｂに形成され、上部構造Ｇに取り付けられる。１１はストッパ壁面である。
【００１１】
支承部５
支承部５は、下沓１と上沓２との各球面１ａ，２ａの間に介装され、円環状をなす保持板１３に開設された取付け孔１４を介して、複数の転動子３及び摩擦ダンパー４を保持する。
本実施形態では転動子３は８か所、摩擦ダンパー４は４か所に配されてなるが、その数に限定されるものではない。
保持板１３は転動子３等の装着の便に供するため、上下板１３ａ，１３ｂと該上下板１３ａ，１３ｂに介装される中間板１３ｃとからなる。該保持板１３の素材は自由であるが、通常は合成樹脂製が好ましい。
【００１２】
（転動子３）
転動子３は、各同一径の鋼製の球体を主体とし、該転動子３を回転自在に保持板１３の取付け孔１４に回転自在に装着される。転動子３は保持板１３に上記した構成により回転自在に保持され、該取付け孔１４と転動子３との接触部１６は面取りされてなる。該転動子３の保持板１３への保持は上述した構成に限られず、転動子３を保持する金属体を介して保持板１３に取り付ける態様を採りうる。
該転動子３は上部構造Ｇの荷重を下部構造Ｂに伝達する機能を有するとともに、下沓１と上沓２との球面座１ａ，２ａに従って転がり、上部構造Ｇと下部構造Ｂとの振動を切り、免震作用を奏する重要な機能を担う。
【００１３】
（摩擦ダンパー４）
摩擦ダンパー４は、弾性体１８を挟んで上下に滑り板１９が固設された円柱筒状をなし、保持板１３に開設された取付け孔１４に装着される。弾性体１８はゴムが採用されるが、他の素材であってもよい。該摩擦ダンパー４はその高さが自然状態すなわち非圧縮状態では転動子３の径よりも大きく、下沓１と上沓２との間に組み込まれて弾性体１８は圧縮状態となる。なお、滑り板１９は好ましくは４フッ化エチレン樹脂板が使用される。この滑り板１９の摩擦係数μは約０．０３を採る。
弾性体１８の側面には適宜保護カバー（図示せず）が被着される。該保護カバーは合成樹脂製が好ましいものとして採用されるが、他の素材を除外するものではない。
【００１４】
叙上の部材において、下沓１・上沓２、転動子３は上部構造Ｇの荷重に耐えるものであり、剛体よりなる。
なお、下沓１と上沓２とは転動子３を介して隙間ｓを有し、その高さはＨを採る（図２参照）。
【００１５】
本実施形態において特に留意すべきは、転動子３並びに摩擦ダンパー４の配設状態であって、複数の転動子３は保持板１３に各々間隔を存して装着することにより、それらの干渉作用がなくし、また、摩擦ダンパー４が併設され、ダンパー機能が付与されることである。
【００１６】
（本装置の取付け）
本装置Ｓは下沓１を下部構造Ｂに、上沓２を上部構造Ｇにそれぞれ取り付けられて固定されるものである。その取付け態様はそのまま固定される態様を示したが、その一例に限定されるものでなく、種々の態様を採りうる。すなわち、図５に示すように、下沓１・上沓２にそれぞれ取付け部材２１、２２を固定し、これらの取付け部材を介して下部構造Ｂ及び上部構造Ｇに埋込みアンカー２３、植設アンカー２４を介して取り付けられる。
【００１７】
（本実施形態の作用）
上記構成よりなる本実施形態の免震装置Ｓは、建築物内に設置されて次のように作用する。
地震動等の過大な強制外力が建築物に作用しない状態において、本免震装置Ｓの支承部５の転動子３は安定位置にあって静止状態を保つとともに、上部構造Ｇの荷重は転動子３を介して下部構造Ｂに伝達され、かつ、その摩擦ダンパー４により制動され、上部構造Ｇは安定状態を維持する。
この状態で外力が作用したとしても、その摩擦ダンパー４においては球面座（１ａ，１ｂ）との当接面で静止摩擦抵抗を受け、移動が阻止され、上部構造は静止状態を保つ。
【００１８】
地震動が作用すると、該地震動に起因して惹起される上部構造Ｇと下部構造Ｂとの相対的変位に対し本免震装置Ｓは次のように作動する。
下部構造Ｂが地震動につれ水平振動するとき、転動子３の上に載置され球面座１ａの安定位置にあった上沓２は転動子３上を転がり、この変位に追従することなく、球面座１ａの曲面に沿って這い上がることになる。
地震動による水平振動はどの方向にも起こり、上沓２もどの方向にも球面座１ａの曲面に沿って這い上がることになり、水平振動を吸収することになる。
そして、上沓２は下沓１の球面座１ａの曲率半径Ｒにより決定される比較的長い周期の固有振動数を有しているので、地震により生ずる振動の周期の短い振動数範囲からこの固有振動数をずらすことにより、共振を防止する。また、下部構造Ｂの振動が終了すれば、上沓２及び支承部５は球面座１ａの最下点に復帰する。
【００１９】
地震動が作用するとき、本免震装置Ｓは摩擦ダンパー４が当初は静止摩擦効果をもって動きに制動をかけるが、地震力が一定域を超えると滑りを開始する。
振動中において、摩擦ダンパー４はその弾性体１８の変形をもって振動エネルギーを吸収し、速やかに上部構造Ｇの揺れを吸収する。
【００２０】
下沓１と上沓２との間に介装される転動子３及び摩擦ダンパー４の配設態様は本実施形態に示したものに限らない。
図６・図７は転動子３及び摩擦ダンパー４の配設の他の態様を示す。
この態様においては転動子３は保持板１３に保持され、摩擦ダンパー４Ａはゴム体２６とすべり板２７とからなり、ゴム体２６をもって上沓２の下面中央に形成された凹部２ｂ内に把持され、すべり板２７は下沓１の球面座１ａに当接する。
図８は支承部５の更に別な態様を示し、保持板１３Ａは曲面体をなし、この曲面体に転動子３及び摩擦ダンパー４が固定把持される。保持板１３Ａはその曲率が実質的に球面座１ａ，２ａに一致するものが使用されるが、水平板を除外するものではない。
【００２１】
（第２実施形態）
本免震装置はその上沓の上面に転倒を忌避する貴重物を載置する展示台としても使用され得るものである。
図９〜図１２はその一形態の展示台Ｓ１を示す。
本展示台Ｓ１の特徴とするところは、展示台Ｓ１の四隅に持ち上げ装置（リフターともいう）７が配されることである。本展示台Ｓ１の内部における球面座１ａ，２ａ並びに支承部５の構成は、先の実施形態に順じ、保持板には転動子３が装着され、球面座２ａの中央には摩擦ダンパー４が配されてなる。なお、保持板には摩擦ダンパー４を装着されうることは勿論である。
リフター７は、回動部２６ａとねじ部２６ｂとのねじ体２６と主体として、このねじ部２６ｂを上沓２のねじ孔２７に螺合してなる。
【００２２】
本展示台Ｓ１は建物の床面Ｆに設置され、上沓２の上面に貴重物Ｍが載置される。
通常時において、本免震装置Ｓに外力が作用したとき、摩擦ダンパー４の機能により貴重物Ｍを載置する上沓２は容易に移動しない。
地震時においてその免震機能は先の実施形態に準じる。
作動後において、転動子３が定位置に復帰しない場合、リフター７を作動させて上沓２を持ち上げ、転動子３を定位置へ復帰させる。すなわち、リフター７の回動部２６ａを回動し、そのねじ部２６ｂを上沓２の下面より突出させ、該ねじ部２６ｂを更に下沓１の上面に押圧してその反力により上沓２を持ち上げるものである。図１４はその作動状態を示し、下沓１と上沓２との当初の間隙ｓ１がｓ２となり、持ち上がり、支承部５は無負荷となり、その自重により定位置に復帰する。
本実施形態において、リフター７以外に下沓１と上沓２との間に装入され、転動子３を押し込む薄板状の押し込みゲージ２８の使用もなされる。すなわち、該押し込みゲージ２８の前面の凹曲面２８ａを保持板１３もしくは転動子３に当接させ、押し込んで移動させる。
【００２３】
本発明は上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の基本的技術思想の範囲内で種々設計変更が可能である。すなわち、以下の態様は本発明の技術的範囲内に包含されるものである。
1)持ち上げ装置（リフター）は第１実施形態で示した免震装置Ｓにも適用される。すなわち、取付け部材２１，２２を付加した免震装置Ｓにおいて、下沓１あるいは上沓２に持ち上げ装置７を配する。この場合、押し込みゲージ２８の使用もなされる。
【００２４】
【発明の効果】
本発明の請求項１の免震装置によれば、その転動子の転がり作用により地震動と絶縁され良好な免震作用を発揮する。そして、振動減衰用ダンパーにより免震装置の振動変位は速やかに減衰する。更には、該振動減衰用ダンパーは上・下沓の間に介装されたものであるので、装置全体が小型化し、設置場所をとらず、設置費用の低減を図りうる。
また、転動子は保持板をもって各々分離されたものとなっているので、機能不全におちいることなく、更に良好な免震作用を発揮する。
また、摩擦ダンパー作用によりトリガー機能を発揮し、通常の外力に対しては抵抗し、地震動に対しては減衰作用を発揮される。
請求項２の免震装置によれば、上記に加えて、作動後における転動子が定位置に復帰しない場合においてもその持上げ装置の働きにより容易に定位置に復帰させることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の一実施形態の免震装置の全体構造を示す縦断面図（図２の１−１線断面図）。
【図２】本免震装置の下沓部分（図１の２−２線断面図）。
【図３】本免震装置の要部（転動子）の拡大断面図。
【図４】本免震装置の他の要部（摩擦ダンパー）の拡大断面図。
【図５】本免震装置の取付け要領図。
【図６】本免震装置の他の態様の縦断面図。
【図７】その要部（摩擦ダンパー）の拡大断面図。
【図８】支承部の他の態様を示す一部省略断面図。
【図９】本発明の免震装置を免震台として使用した使用例図。
【図１０】上面図。
【図１１】要部の拡大断面図。
【図１２】リフターを作動させた拡大断面図。
【符号の説明】
Ｓ…免震装置、Ｂ…下部構造、Ｇ…上部構造、１…下沓、１ａ…凹球面、２…上沓、２ａ…凸球面、３…転動子、４…摩擦ダンパー、５…支承部、１３…保持板[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a seismic isolation device having a rolling element .
[0002]
[Prior art]
Japanese Patent Publication No. 43-25114 is known as this type of seismic isolation device.
That is, according to the known technique, it comprises a support member disposed on the upper structure side and a base disposed on the base side, and the top surface of the base is formed as a concave spherical surface, and a plurality of spheres are disposed on the top surface. The "sledge member" having the same curvature surface as the upper surface of the base and having a bowl-shaped support member at the top is superposed on a sphere, and a spherical body is interposed between the warp member and the support member. Take the configuration.
With this configuration, even if the base moves back and forth and left and right due to the occurrence of an earthquake, the sled member slides on the sphere, and the base swing is not transmitted to the support member fixed to the ground part. There is an effect that the horizontal movement below is not transmitted to the ground floor of the object.
However, in the above known technique, since the spheres as the rolling elements are arranged in contact with each other, the spheres are engaged with each other and become immovable, and the upper structure simply slides, and the desired seismic isolation is achieved. It may lead to a situation where the action cannot be demonstrated. Furthermore, the seismic isolation device mainly cuts off the vibration, has no damping function, and it is necessary to prepare a separate damper in order to expect a damping effect, which is problematic in terms of installation location or installation cost. .
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and in a seismic isolation device having this type of rolling element, it is guaranteed that the rolling element always works properly without malfunctioning, And it aims at providing the novel mechanism which has a damping effect.
Furthermore, it is another object to obtain a mechanism capable of correcting the position of the rolling element after operation.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following configuration.
A seismic isolation device according to a first aspect of the present invention (first aspect) is a spherical surface formed on a concave spherical surface having a large radius of curvature sufficient to obtain a long period upward as described in claim 1. A lower ridge having a seat; an upper ridge having a spherical seat formed on a convex spherical surface having a radius of curvature concentric with the concave spherical surface facing downward; A plurality of spherically-shaped rolling elements having the same diameter are interposed between the seats, and the curvature of the spherical surface is transmitted while the upper rod transmits the load of the object placed on the upper rod to the lower rod through the rolling elements. In the seismic isolation device that swings along the surface,
The spherical rolling elements are arranged between the upper and lower eyelids while maintaining a distance from each other via a holding plate,
A vibration damping damper is interposed between the spherical seats,
The vibration damping damper has a laminated structure of a sliding plate and a rubber elastic body. The sliding plate is brought into contact with a spherical seat side of the lower and / or upper collar, and the rubber elastic body is in a compressed state. It is a friction damper that is held,
It is characterized by that.
In this seismic isolation device, the rolling element is normally in a fixed position, and the load of the upper rod is transmitted to the lower rod through the rolling element.
When a relative displacement occurs between the upper arm and the lower arm due to an earthquake or the like, the upper arm is insulated from the displacement of the lower arm, that is, the ground motion via the rolling element by the rolling action of the rolling element, and exhibits a seismic isolation effect.
This displacement becomes a vibration displacement, but the displacement is attenuated by the action of the vibration damping damper, and the vibration quickly converges to the original position.
[0005]
The seismic isolation device according to the second aspect of the present invention (second aspect) is a spherical surface formed on a concave spherical surface having a large radius of curvature sufficient to obtain a long period upward as described in claim 2. A lower ridge having a seat; an upper ridge having a spherical seat formed on a convex spherical surface having a radius of curvature concentric with the concave spherical surface facing downward; A plurality of spherically-shaped rolling elements having the same diameter are interposed between the seats, and the curvature of the spherical surface is transmitted while the upper rod transmits the load of the object placed on the upper rod to the lower rod through the rolling elements. In the seismic isolation device that swings along the surface,
The spherical rolling elements are disposed between the upper and lower eyelids while maintaining a distance from each other via a holding plate,
A vibration damping damper is interposed between the spherical seats,
A lifting device capable of lifting the upper heel is interposed between the lower heel and the upper heel,
The vibration damping damper has a laminated structure of a sliding plate and a rubber elastic body. The sliding plate is brought into contact with a spherical seat side of the lower and / or upper collar, and the rubber elastic body is in a compressed state. It is a friction damper that is held,
A seismic isolation device characterized by that.
In this seismic isolation device, the rolling element is always in a fixed position, and the load of the upper rod is transmitted to the lower rod through the rolling element.
When a relative displacement occurs between the upper arm and the lower arm due to an earthquake or the like, the upper arm is insulated from the displacement of the lower arm, that is, the ground motion via the rolling element by the rolling action of the rolling element, and exhibits a seismic isolation effect.
After the operation, if the rolling element does not return to the fixed position, the lifting device is operated to lift the upper rod and return the rolling element to the fixed position.
In the second aspect of the invention, in addition to the lifting device, a gauge that is inserted between the lower rod and the upper rod and pushes the rolling element is also used.
[0006]
In the above invention, the vibration damping damper is a friction damper, and the friction damper is composed of 1) one end fixed to one of the upper rod or the lower rod and the other end to the upper rod or 2) It is slidably provided on the spherical seat of the lower collar or the upper collar facing the lower collar, and 2) is attached to the holding plate and slides on the spherical seat of the lower collar and the spherical seat of the upper collar. 3) A structure in which a sliding material and an elastic body are laminated, and the sliding material is brought into contact with the lower side or the upper surface of the spherical seat is selected as appropriate. It is a matter.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of a seismic isolation device having a rolling element of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(First embodiment)
1 to 5 show a seismic isolation device (hereinafter simply referred to as a “seismic isolation device”) S having a rolling element according to one embodiment (first embodiment). That is, FIG.1 and FIG.2 shows the whole structure of this seismic isolation apparatus S, and FIGS. 3-5 shows the partial structure.
In the figure, G is an upper structure such as an exhibition case, B is a lower structure such as a base, and the seismic isolation device S is interposed between these upper structure G and lower structure B. The load of G is transmitted to the lower structure B and relative displacement in the horizontal direction between the two is allowed.
[0008]
For this reason, the seismic isolation device S is fixed to the lower structure B and fixed to the lower structure 1 formed on the concave spherical surface 1a having a large radius of curvature sufficient to obtain a long period upward and to the upper structure G. And an upper rod 2 formed on a convex spherical surface 2a having a radius of curvature concentric with the concave spherical surface, and is interposed between the lower rod 1 and the upper rod 2, and the rolling element 3 And a support portion 5 that holds a friction damper 4 as a vibration damping damper, and a lifting device (lifter) is appropriately installed.
That is, the features of the seismic isolation device S are that the concave and convex spherical surfaces 1a and 2a of the lower rod 1 and the upper rod 2 are opposed to each other, and that the upper rod 2 has a horizontal movement range with respect to the lower rod 1. A plurality of spherical rolling elements 3 having the same diameter are interposed between the spherical surfaces 1a and 2a, and the upper rod 2 receives the load of the upper structure via the rolling element 3 to lower the upper rod 1 Oscillating along the curvature surface of the spherical surface, and the rolling elements 3 are held apart from each other via a holding plate constituting the support portion 5, and the holding plate is used for vibration damping. A friction damper 4 as a damper is attached.
[0009]
Hereinafter, the detailed structure of each part will be described.
Shimojo 1
The lower rod 1 is made of steel, has a predetermined thickness and a planar shape of a regular quadrilateral shape, and is a spherical seat formed in a concave spherical surface having a large radius of curvature R sufficient to obtain a long period upward in the center. 1a and attached to the lower structure B. Reference numeral 10 denotes a stopper wall surface.
[0010]
Upper 2
The upper collar 2 is made of steel, has a predetermined thickness and a planar shape having a regular quadrilateral shape, and is formed into a convex spherical surface 2b having a radius of curvature R parallel to the concave spherical surface 1a toward the bottom at the center. Attached to G. Reference numeral 11 denotes a stopper wall surface.
[0011]
Bearing part 5
The support portion 5 is interposed between the spherical surfaces 1 a and 2 a of the lower rod 1 and the upper rod 2, and a plurality of rolling elements 3 through attachment holes 14 formed in the holding plate 13 having an annular shape. And the friction damper 4 is held.
In this embodiment, the rolling elements 3 are arranged at eight places and the friction dampers 4 are arranged at four places, but the number is not limited.
The holding plate 13 is composed of upper and lower plates 13a and 13b and an intermediate plate 13c interposed between the upper and lower plates 13a and 13b in order to provide the stool with the rolling elements 3 and the like. The material of the holding plate 13 is free, but is usually preferably made of synthetic resin.
[0012]
(Roller 3)
The rolling elements 3 are mainly made of steel spheres having the same diameter, and the rolling elements 3 are rotatably mounted in the mounting holes 14 of the holding plate 13. The rolling element 3 is rotatably held on the holding plate 13 by the above-described configuration, and the contact portion 16 between the mounting hole 14 and the rolling element 3 is chamfered. The holding of the rolling element 3 to the holding plate 13 is not limited to the above-described configuration, and a mode in which the rolling element 3 is attached to the holding plate 13 via a metal body holding the rolling element 3 can be adopted.
The rolling element 3 has a function of transmitting the load of the upper structure G to the lower structure B, and rolls according to the spherical seats 1a and 2a of the lower rod 1 and the upper rod 2, and the vibration of the upper structure G and the lower structure B It plays an important function of performing seismic isolation.
[0013]
(Friction damper 4)
The friction damper 4 has a cylindrical cylindrical shape in which a sliding plate 19 is fixed up and down with an elastic body 18 interposed therebetween, and is attached to a mounting hole 14 provided in the holding plate 13. The elastic body 18 is made of rubber, but may be other materials. The friction damper 4 has a height larger than the diameter of the rolling element 3 in a natural state, that is, an uncompressed state, and is incorporated between the lower rod 1 and the upper rod 2 so that the elastic body 18 is in a compressed state. The sliding plate 19 is preferably a tetrafluoroethylene resin plate. The friction coefficient μ of the sliding plate 19 is about 0.03.
A protective cover (not shown) is appropriately attached to the side surface of the elastic body 18. The protective cover is preferably made of synthetic resin, but does not exclude other materials.
[0014]
In the above members, the lower rod 1, the upper rod 2 and the rolling element 3 can withstand the load of the upper structure G and are made of a rigid body.
Note that the lower rod 1 and the upper rod 2 have a gap s through the rolling element 3, and the height thereof is H (see FIG. 2).
[0015]
It should be particularly noted in the present embodiment that the rolling elements 3 and the friction dampers 4 are disposed, and the plurality of rolling elements 3 are mounted on the holding plate 13 at intervals, so that The interference function is eliminated, and the friction damper 4 is provided to provide a damper function.
[0016]
(Installation of this device)
In the present apparatus S, the lower rod 1 is attached to the lower structure B and the upper rod 2 is attached to the upper structure G and fixed. Although the attachment aspect showed the aspect fixed as it is, it is not limited to the example, A various aspect can be taken. That is, as shown in FIG. 5 , the attachment members 21 and 22 are fixed to the lower rod 1 and the upper rod 2, respectively, and the embedded anchor 23 and the implantation anchor 24 are attached to the lower structure B and the upper structure G via these attachment members. It is attached via.
[0017]
(Operation of this embodiment)
The seismic isolation device S of the present embodiment configured as described above is installed in a building and operates as follows.
In a state where excessive forced external force such as seismic motion does not act on the building, the rolling element 3 of the support portion 5 of the seismic isolation device S is in a stable position and remains stationary, and the load of the superstructure G rolls. It is transmitted to the lower structure B through the child 3 and is braked by the friction damper 4 so that the upper structure G maintains a stable state.
Even if an external force is applied in this state, the friction damper 4 receives a static frictional resistance at the contact surface with the spherical seat (1a, 1b) and is prevented from moving, and the superstructure remains stationary.
[0018]
When seismic motion acts, the seismic isolation device S operates as follows with respect to the relative displacement between the upper structure G and the lower structure B caused by the seismic motion.
When the substructure B is horizontally oscillated with the earthquake motion, the upper arm 2 placed on the rolling element 3 and located at the stable position of the spherical seat 1a rolls on the rolling element 3 without following this displacement. It will crawl up along the curved surface of the spherical seat 1a.
Horizontal vibration due to seismic motion occurs in any direction, and the upper arm 2 crawls in any direction along the curved surface of the spherical seat 1a, and absorbs the horizontal vibration.
Since the upper collar 2 has a natural frequency with a relatively long period determined by the radius of curvature R of the spherical seat 1a of the lower collar 1, this natural frequency is determined from a frequency range with a short period of vibration caused by an earthquake. Resonance is prevented by shifting the frequency. When the vibration of the lower structure B is finished, the upper collar 2 and the support portion 5 return to the lowest point of the spherical seat 1a.
[0019]
When the seismic motion is applied, the seismic isolation device S initially brakes the movement of the friction damper 4 with a static friction effect, but starts to slip when the seismic force exceeds a certain range.
During vibration, the friction damper 4 absorbs vibration energy with the deformation of the elastic body 18 and quickly absorbs the shaking of the superstructure G.
[0020]
Arrangement modes of the rolling elements 3 and the friction dampers 4 interposed between the lower rod 1 and the upper rod 2 are not limited to those shown in the present embodiment.
6 and 7 show other modes of arrangement of the rolling element 3 and the friction damper 4.
In this embodiment, the rolling element 3 is held by the holding plate 13, and the friction damper 4A is composed of a rubber body 26 and a sliding plate 27. The rubber body 26 is held in a recess 2b formed at the center of the lower surface of the upper collar 2. The sliding plate 27 comes into contact with the spherical seat 1a of the lower collar 1.
FIG. 8 shows still another aspect of the support portion 5 , and the holding plate 13 </ b> A has a curved surface, and the rolling element 3 and the friction damper 4 are fixedly held by the curved surface. The holding plate 13A has a curvature that substantially matches the spherical seats 1a and 2a, but does not exclude a horizontal plate.
[0021]
(Second Embodiment)
This seismic isolation device can also be used as an exhibition stand on the upper surface of which the valuables that avoid falling are placed.
FIGS. 9-12 shows the display stand S1 of the one form.
A feature of the display stand S1 is that lifting devices (also referred to as lifters) 7 are arranged at the four corners of the display stand S1. The configuration of the spherical seats 1a and 2a and the support portion 5 inside the exhibition stand S1 is the same as that of the previous embodiment. The rolling plate 3 is mounted on the holding plate, and the friction damper 4 is provided at the center of the spherical seat 2a. Is arranged. Of course, the friction damper 4 can be mounted on the holding plate.
The lifter 7 is formed by screwing the screw portion 26b into the screw hole 27 of the upper collar 2 with the screw body 26 and the main body of the rotating portion 26a and the screw portion 26b as the main body.
[0022]
The display stand S1 is installed on the floor F of the building, and a valuable object M is placed on the upper surface of the upper fence 2.
Under normal conditions, when an external force is applied to the seismic isolation device S, the upper rod 2 on which the precious material M is placed is not easily moved by the function of the friction damper 4.
In the event of an earthquake, the seismic isolation function conforms to the previous embodiment.
If the rolling element 3 does not return to the fixed position after the operation, the lifter 7 is operated to lift the upper rod 2 and return the rolling element 3 to the fixed position. That is, the rotating portion 26a of the lifter 7 is rotated, the screw portion 26b is protruded from the lower surface of the upper rod 2, the screw portion 26b is further pressed against the upper surface of the lower rod 1, and the upper rod 2 is pressed by the reaction force. Is to lift. FIG. 14 shows the operating state, and the initial gap s1 between the lower rod 1 and the upper rod 2 becomes s2, lifts, the bearing portion 5 becomes unloaded, and returns to a fixed position by its own weight.
In the present embodiment, in addition to the lifter 7, a thin plate-like pushing gauge 28 that is inserted between the lower rod 1 and the upper rod 2 and pushes the rolling element 3 is also used. That is, the concave curved surface 28a on the front surface of the pushing gauge 28 is brought into contact with the holding plate 13 or the rolling element 3, and pushed to move.
[0023]
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various design changes can be made within the scope of the basic technical idea of the present invention. That is, the following aspects are included in the technical scope of the present invention.
1) The lifting device (lifter) is also applied to the seismic isolation device S shown in the first embodiment. That is, in the seismic isolation device S to which the attachment members 21 and 22 are added, the lifting device 7 is disposed on the lower rod 1 or the upper rod 2. In this case, the push gauge 28 is also used.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
According to the seismic isolation device of claim 1 of the present invention, it is insulated from the seismic motion by the rolling action of the rolling element, and exhibits a good seismic isolation action. The vibration displacement of the seismic isolation device is quickly damped by the vibration damping damper. Furthermore, since the vibration damping damper is interposed between the upper and lower ridges, the entire apparatus can be downsized, not requiring an installation place, and the installation cost can be reduced.
In addition, since the rolling elements are separated from each other by holding plates, they exhibit a better seismic isolation effect without falling into a malfunction.
In addition, it exerts a trigger function by a friction damper action, resists normal external force, and exhibits a damping action against earthquake motion.
According to the seismic isolation device of claim 2, in addition to the above, even when the rolling element after operation does not return to the home position, it can be easily returned to the home position by the action of the lifting device.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the entire structure of a seismic isolation device according to an embodiment of the present invention (a sectional view taken along line 1-1 in FIG. 2).
FIG. 2 is a lower part of the seismic isolation device (sectional view taken along line 2-2 in FIG. 1).
FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part (roller) of the seismic isolation device.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of another main part (friction damper) of the seismic isolation device.
FIG. 5 is an installation diagram of the seismic isolation device.
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of another aspect of the seismic isolation device.
FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part (friction damper).
FIG. 8 is a partially omitted cross-sectional view showing another aspect of the support portion.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a usage example in which the seismic isolation device of the present invention is used as a base isolation table.
FIG. 10 is a top view.
FIG. 11 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part.
FIG. 12 is an enlarged sectional view in which a lifter is operated.
[Explanation of symbols]
S: Seismic isolation device, B: Lower structure, G: Upper structure, 1 ... Lower collar, 1a ... Concave spherical surface, 2 ... Upper collar, 2a ... Convex spherical surface, 3 ... Roller, 4 ... Friction damper, 5 ... Bearing Part, 13 ... holding plate

Claims

A lower collar having a spherical seat formed on a concave spherical surface having a large radius of curvature sufficient to obtain a long period upward; and a convex spherical surface having a radius of curvature concentric with the concave spherical surface downward An upper surface having a spherical seat is opposed to the concave and convex spherical surfaces, and a plurality of spherical rolling elements of the same diameter are interposed between the spherical surfaces, and the upper surface is placed on the upper surface. In a seismic isolation device that performs a swinging motion in accordance with a spherical curvature surface while transmitting a load of an object to be placed to the lower arm via the rolling element,
The spherical rolling elements are arranged between the upper and lower eyelids while maintaining a distance from each other via a holding plate,
A vibration damping damper is interposed between the spherical seats,
The vibration damping damper has a laminated structure of a sliding plate and a rubber elastic body. The sliding plate is brought into contact with a spherical seat side of the lower and / or upper collar, and the rubber elastic body is in a compressed state. It is a friction damper that is held,
A seismic isolation device characterized by that.

A lower collar having a spherical seat formed on a concave spherical surface having a large radius of curvature sufficient to obtain a long period upward; and a convex spherical surface having a radius of curvature concentric with the concave spherical surface downward An upper surface having a spherical seat is opposed to the concave and convex spherical surfaces, and a plurality of spherical rolling elements of the same diameter are interposed between the spherical surfaces, and the upper surface is placed on the upper surface. In a seismic isolation device that performs a swinging motion in accordance with a spherical curvature surface while transmitting a load of an object to be placed to the lower arm via the rolling element,
The spherical rolling elements are disposed between the upper and lower eyelids while maintaining a distance from each other via a holding plate,
A vibration damping damper is interposed between the spherical seats,
A lifting device capable of lifting the upper heel is interposed between the lower heel and the upper heel,
The vibration damping damper has a laminated structure of a sliding plate and a rubber elastic body. The sliding plate is brought into contact with a spherical seat side of the lower and / or upper collar, and the rubber elastic body is in a compressed state. It is a friction damper that is held,
A seismic isolation device characterized by that.

3. The seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein the holding plate has an annular shape.

3. The seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein the holding plate is a curved body whose curvature coincides with a spherical seat.

5. The seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein the vibration damping damper has a plurality of dampers and is arranged on the holding plate at equal intervals.